[000:00:00;00] well, it means that the novice translator was among those four who flew on a secret mission to pakistan to meet kisenger there and fly with him to beijing to see chinese premier zhou enlai, we outlined the views of china and left space for the americans so that they could express their views. then the general points of view of both sides were listed , about which we basically agreed already during the negotiations about those secret negotiations, for which the kitty was in such a hurry that he even forgot at the hotel. the shirt had to be worn. that that an assistant not in size in china even made a movie where the tank, wein-shin played an important role. after all, she made it possible to understand each other not just as a negotiator, but in general i throw both the united states and the main message that kisanger conveyed to nixon the chinese are undoubtedly people of deep convictions. and we are separated by huge chasms of dialogue and isolation. but nonetheless. they were ready to outline the prospects not only for the normalization of relations, but also

for moving forward. friendship and cooperation , those negotiations laid the foundation for the future nixon smau meetings, but the communiqué signed as a result of it, formed the sino-american agenda for a long time, including the fundamental taiwan issue, the very principle of one china where the united states recognized taipei as an integral part of china in china's largest antiques market. panzioni, the history of sino-american relations can be studied from chinese propaganda poster art before the visit of the kisluzhers to the american celestial empire. here they were portrayed exclusively as aggressors, invaders and militarists. for example, a poster the seventieth year, that is, exactly for the years such sajers are everywhere. and after that, he significantly crumpled and such posters. of course , it was no longer to be found. it is clear that washington then went for rapprochement with beijing not for the sake of friendship, but in order to further tear it away from moscow, and this was also a sour plan, which the chinese perfectly understood, there was nothing else to enlist support in case of even more aggravation of relations with the soviet union , a veteran chinese journalist lindshauch

thinks, however, that this is not entirely true. the united states, of course, had its own agenda and attitude washington was about teaming up with enemies to contain and defeat russia, but china had a different mindset and a different goal. china just wanted to be equal in the world , maintain normal relations with any country, and finally open up fully to the rest of the world. and this almost happened after the american recognition of recognition by the entire collective west, although in exchange for declaring moscow a hegemot. and this is the term that brought into circulation, just the chinese fell in love with kisenge so much that today political rhetoric is unthinkable without it under heaven. true to the hegemons according to the chinese bottians. here now exclusively called the us patch. and that's all, because in today's washington they have completely forgotten everything that

was declared, and with it, nixon. that evening, a welcome banquet was held in honor of president nixon, and it is very important to pay attention to the banquet toasts, because they accurately reflect the positions of each side . the premier joinlay said in his toast that the social systems of china and the united states are fundamentally different. should not interfere with china and the united states to establish normal relations. based on the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity , mutual non-attack, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit , dr. they want to build a trusting relationship, this must be taken into account; the chinese appreciate this position, but it seems where more appreciated, recognition, brush the same in love with chinese cuisine, the famous pobeginsky duck is not just one of the gastronomic symbols. under heaven, you can ask her secretly, the weapon that the chinese use to fight. on the spot in the case of a sketch with fat, so it happened

, even in his analytical notes to the president of weeks, he wrote about those incredible tastes that surrounded him throughout the negotiations. well, in textbooks on international relations. even the term duck diplomacy appeared, china, the chinese use it in all negotiations and often works. so the hydro-acidifier recalled that after dinner, which joe inlaia announced as queiras, when fierce disputes began at the negotiations, tension disappeared. and judging by the current relationship. beijing washington urgently needs a new kingger here, with the proviso that it does not require a break with moscow, as it did 53 years ago. and there will always be a duck for him in china . they say that the current course of washington is paradoxical nixon and kissinger.

half a century ago, they did everything to prevent rapprochement between moscow and beijing, the main opponents of america, biden, blinkan and saleman, as if they were deliberately pushing the two capitals towards each other, times have changed, of course, but is it really time to discard even the basics of geopolitics. russian-chinese held a week in beijing business forum of high level and wide scope. the russian delegation was headed by the prime minister. mikhail mishustin received him xi jinping the event was organized in fulfillment of the march agreements in moscow of the russian president and chairman of the prc for 2 years in a row, the volume of trade between russia and china has increased by about a third over the season last year. he broke the record, reaching almost 190 billion dollars. this year's target is 200 to 200 billion. russia is one of the main suppliers of energy resources in china today, more than 75% of exports. mineral fuels accounted for oil and oil products

last year against the backdrop of a slowdown in economic growth and covid restrictions. china reduced oil purchases, but this did not affect russia, which supplied him with resources at a discount as a result of tanker imports of russian oil into the middle kingdom rose to a record level in february. russia provided about 20% of all chinese oil imports, for comparison, the share of saudi arabia and iraq, the largest suppliers of black gold to the world market, accounted for and 12%, respectively, is growing and the export of pipeline gas last year through the gas pipeline power of siberia , a record 15 billion cubic meters of russian gas got into china . russia supplies coal timber, fish, foodstuffs and much more, with regard to russian imports, special equipment, backhoe loaders, trucks, tractors and all kinds

of components are in the lead 18%. things are different in the high-tech sector at the end of last year , amid fears of secondary sanctions, a number of chinese electronics manufacturers reduced their deliveries to russia, and some even left the market. but those who remained filled the niche and expanded. assortment as a result, today , according to analysts , chinese brands xiaomi and realm are leading in the number of gadgets sold in russia. bypassing the giant in the industry, samsung and apple are also popular microprocessor chips, as well as clothes and consumer goods made in china. our guests are almost like from

a ship to a ball, and on the immortal main thing in china at the moscow chamber of commerce and industry anna hello, how was the forum. is it possible to say that this is a milestone in our business cooperation with china i think, of course, one can say, uh, that it was such a triumphal visit, but many journalists called this visit the triumphal visit of the russian delegation to china a to the forum the delegation was quite impressive in the first place, of course, business and all, uh , most of the cabinet of ministers and representatives of our government participated, so many experts tend to characterize this forum the atmosphere from the chinese side in this way, because we have a lot of discussions on this topic , some believe that the chinese are so profitable in the long run that they will make every effort to bypass all obstacles, while others vice versa. that they are afraid of american sanctions, so they will

try their best, well, be discreet, you know, i would , i believe that both points of view have a place to be. yes, of course, the chinese partners, first of all, you absolutely rightly said, they will pursue their own interests, yes, they will look for opportunities to seek, and profit for their projects. and so, as they say, business, nothing personal, but at the same time. we must understand very well that our chinese partners are ours, despite all the support. they are very afraid of secondary sanctions and are very restrained and systematic in their approach. here is a restrained system to the policy of relations with us. decipher if you can something, that is, they quite clearly calculate their steps. they they have a systemic policy in regards to this and their restraint. she is quite logical. that is, and if we talk about the volume of trade with other countries, yes, and to compare vice versa with russia despite

all its record numbers. then, of course, it is about once every 5 months less, yes, than the united states of america and therefore. well, first of all, they are businessmen, they pursue the interests of their country, and in this we must give them their due. yes, they still have to learn from them, and therefore they have what to lose and they quite clearly calculate their steps. well, i’m not a sinologist there, but i’ve heard that it’s business-to-business, but there is, as it were, a very clear and firm political leadership that gives certain signals either yes or no. with this we cooperate with these we cooperate, of course, yes, the signals are absolutely clear, but don't forget. this is the east and makes it subtle and therefore the signals that they give can be quite twofold with cheats. and even more so for us european people, who we don’t care, no matter how we say it, no matter how we study it more in our part. we still do not fully understand enough the mentality and

oriental specifics. more than 2000 years ago , the dignitary of the chinese emperor jang tian in search of allies to resist the steppe the people reached the bacteria of the territory of modern tajikistan, uzbekistan and afghanistan, the fergana valley, he discovered developed cities and settlements, fortresses and temples of the whole world, the existence of which the chinese did not know, having received this strategically important information, the emperor sent the first caravan with gifts to the west, including the famous chinese silk. this is how the great silk road appeared. not just a trade route, but a dynamic network that brought together distant cultures, trade routes ran from china to europe and the middle east as listen, and by sea, the branched system of caravan roads passed through the mountains of the desert steppe the territory of the front of central asia to the border of the roman empire, so

the route china was carrying porcelain for sale. lacquerware, cosmetics, tea and rice, and military equipment , semi-precious stones and exotic fruits were brought from central asia to china in the thirteenth century, when the mongol empire controlled the way, overland trade along ancient routes was revived, along them, exploring the east, the first european explorers of marco polo carpeni and hands in the 15th century due to numerous wars. land transit practically stopped and the development of the merchant marine fleet then the ottoman empire acted as the monopoly of trade with the east by that time, which had taken control of the eastern mediterranean sea, according to researchers long before the advent of the great silk road. china could trade in a different way jade through southern siberia directly to europe, it is believed that

it was possible to get to iran through it between speeches ancient egypt to syria anatolia and even to india from central asia found jade lapis lazuli gems in exchange, which over time in china became not only objects of bargaining, but also a cult. that's just about we don't understand. uh, you have been doing china for a long time, as i know. and in addition to political things that have always been and will be. well, is it human, or what? i do not know intercultural understanding, what hinders the most. that’s what we don’t understand at all , you know, this is the main problem, and the lack of understanding of potential partners in our entrepreneurs, indeed. big problem. first of all, after all, what hmm we are very we i mean, our community yes, entrepreneurial first of all

, of course, we do not know the cultural characteristics of the country so well. yes, all the nuances that need to be taken into account. secondly, of course, in addition to this cultural one, this component is a big problem. these are low competencies, and the workers of these enterprises who go to work in china and these two factors. they probably are. we him challenging in the work of our low competence. actually, according to their profile in america yes, and low competencies in general in conducting foreign economic activity with china, yes, that is, they absolutely do not understand any features of the chinese market, again, features of the mentality, features of relations with chinese partners. and and this very often becomes such a point, a hmm touch, which interferes with successful work. but you said about cultural misunderstanding, if there can be an example, here, in how it manifests itself. and what is manifested well

, let's say the most striking example is the way of negotiating, and son-in-law, they are quite measured people. they are buddhists, they are doing well. as they say, where should we rush, we have a whole eternity ahead, and our people are still more emotional. yes, we are more like that, we all want to come quickly. one day, decide everything there, knock on the table , set your own conditions. and more often than not, it's a complete failure, that is. well, you can’t work with china, especially now. yes, in such a situation, imposing their terms. here you need to be more diplomatic more hmm soft and then in this way. only in this way you can establish successful cooperation with the chinese will not be there quickly. and what about language proficiency? i mean, we have a wonderful school of sinology, scientific and culture, or literature and history, whatever you like, but here you need something else, here you need knowledge under the applied language, or what? from also from such urgent

things that we are now solving, yes, and i myself teach. today i have a lecture of the highest school of economics, and the question is that simply knowing the language is absolutely not enough, you can literally speak the same language with people in chinese, but absolutely not convey the meaning and not understand people, because you do not understand the context. this is the first thing, the second is that, but really, we have a very strong school of sinology. i myself am its graduate, but in addition to the language, and now the market has changed the request of specialists. now we need not just people who know the language; now we need people who know, in addition to the language , economics, but logistics, customs, jurisprudence, but the general international agenda there, yes, but there are very few such specialists. and now these are absolutely not by chance at a very high level, but the question of additional education of sinologists and additional ones is being raised, but the program.

x, which they should study. because knowledge of the language alone never helps to eat if you are asked, uh, comrades, what needs to be done first of all in order to begin to qualitatively change our cooperation. and move on to more uh, such high uh to higher forms of cooperation? yes, that is, even approximately said it was time to move. just from there trade to investment cooperation. and, of course, develop your own production. and yes, and in some joint may be its areas, so hmm to feel more confident in these exams relations. surely, yes, the last question, but, probably, the main one, in general , we are afraid of the chinese, as partners, as i don’t know, you know, we are still talking about business, yes, and i’m trying to avoid

categories of assessment such as friendship fear . a well, if we are talking about business, well, again , i repeat, nothing personal. yes, there will always be business. if there is a benefit, if there are opportunities, if it is of interest to both parties. and talk about some categories of friendship yes, who is a friend to whom, who is crying back to whom senior or there are some fears, yes, well, it seems to me that these are absolutely not such irrational irrational categories that can be operated in business. ok thank you very much. our guest was anna the immortal. in russia , kissinger is not afraid of this word is popular some see in him the same world behind the scenes, others even think that old henry is for us , alas, and the scenes have long since fallen into disrepair and the diplomatic patriarch is exclusively for

himself and for america but also for common sense from the time when he was the architect of detente in the seventies . the word détente in english is borrowed from the french deitant. that is, this concept, in principle, does not belong to the anglo-saxon tradition. for such a policy of america , a statesman of european culture was needed, and henry kissinger became such. follower of meter mechanics, deep researchers of european equilibrium his dissertation, then published as a book. restored world. the best studies of the balance of power, however détente and arms control risk management through diplomacy, are based on the recognition that there are deep irreconcilable differences between states and in order to manage to find common ground where they may need to be recognized, that contradiction is inevitable sounds nice. a why the then discharge?

it ended so soon. president carter, who came after ford, actually rejected real politics in favor of the values ​​​​of the primacy of human rights, so he returned to the american tradition opposite to the one that applies to kissinger and the personal factor, knocking down brzezinski, brought the polish attitude towards russia into american politics and it replaced the german approach , which personified kissinger, the latter aims to regulate relations with russia as an important participant in european affairs, the rejection of it became a verdict of détente. well, here is our second favorite surname sounded in the zhizzin circle. biden closed up, inheriting the tradition of carter rather than nixon, will he be able to achieve re-election with such a course, while there are replenishment in the ranks of his opponents of the republicans, and the intention to fight for the presidential nomination was announced by the governors

of florida rondesantis. the second most popular after trump and a very promising conservative. for us, this has some significance in relation to the ukrainian conflict. and trump and desantis are different from the republicans by congress. there, almost everyone is actively in favor of giving the ukrainians practically anything with a clear definition. what are the interests of the united states in ukraine does not say about democracy, someone adopts the liberal wilsonian concept of an international order built on rules. in my opinion. this is an invented designer desantis. he recently sparked outrage in washington by saying that ukraine was not in america's vital interests. and this is a reflection of how thinks the governor is a senator or a congressman, he can say whatever he wants there will be no direct consequences, but the governor, who has a clear area of ​​​​responsibility, has to set priorities, it cannot be argued that china is the highest priority and

america needs a powerful deterrent. in asia and the pacific, but at the same time demand a concentration of forces for a european land war. moreover, to support the counterinsurgency units, which were considered the main paratroopers after september 11, closer to ordinary people who do not share the readiness of congressmen to get involved in the third world war century, henry kessinger an occasion to think about the time and change in politics, which they were proud of before. now almost a reason for repentance. remember merkel with her tricks about the minsk process. she already in her time and running, of course, does not dodge like that. well, he feels the direction of the wind, probably the most famous and probably the most widely distributed book of diplomacy, which was written immediately after the completion of the cold war. war of the collapse of the soviet union at the head of

détente. he is, i would say, less a researcher of lesser history and more of a politician who justifies his behavior. there is some very interesting text. he may very well be not so skillful, he tries to prove. well, what i did, what i am criticized for, was actually for the purposes of democratization, that is, in the end, and i fought for the united states of america, i fought for the strength of the united states in the end. this paved the way for change and syndro justified himself. and just like that, if to talk about these accusations, he justified himself already in the early nineties. in the same harvard dissertation that determined his future life, kesinger wrote that the most important problem of politics is not to control evil, but to curb

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nazarov, are you going to shoot four? hello. with you, the senate program, we are in st. petersburg near the tauride palace, where the tenth nevsky international ecological congress is taking place. we