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the big seven is not allowed to steer. who rules the world's majority diversity and lack of unity? henry kisenger anniversary the art of world balance a story from china

the art of trade sanctions how to trade with china without attracting attention our program materials no, there can't be any international crisis on my calendar next week. before it's already over the author of this statement, the most colorful of all with whom us foreign policy is associated, calmly sharpened the word and never incorrigibly got away with a branded german accent 100 years old, such a respectable age is a rarity in itself, and in order to maintain clarity of thought and intellectual capacity there is no one to remember. kieseger, an ideologist and practitioner of the policy of détente and the balance of power of the sixty-ninth to seventy- seventh years, he carried it under two us presidents nixon and ford, first

as an adviser on national security, and later as secretary of state, he was instrumental in negotiating and signing the quadripartite agreement on the status of west berlin in september 1971, visited china in the same year and played a key role in preparing the meeting between richard nixon and mouse doon in 1972. he stood for the terminalization of us-china relations in 1973. he helped draft the paris peace agreement to end the vietnam war. for which he received the nobel peace prize. it caused the indignation of many around the world, but henry kisenger is not only a politician, but also a very authoritative scientist back in fifty-six. he defended his doctoral dissertation on the history of the congress of vienna, where he first analyzed in detail the concept of the balance of power, the focus of his attention was the european concert that arose after the end of the napoleonic wars

. in 1815, the established balance of power between the leading european states ensured relative stability. it ended only in 1853 with the beginning of the crimean war, but some elements lasted until the beginning of the 20th century. napoleonic france, as an aggressor, was not humiliated and was even soon returned to the concert of europe as a necessary element of political balance, as it turned out , napoleon’s inability to limit his claims became the main obstacle to recognizing his legitimacy as leaders of france by the chinese communists in 71. on the contrary, they turned out to be who are you to this and went to normalize us relations; the culmination of kesanger's foreign policy work became detente of international tension and the helsinki act of 75 years in both events

, his main concept was realized that the goal of diplomacy should be non-victory, but an obligatory balance, in another book. diplomacy, casenger came to the conclusion that the end of the cold war. this is primarily a moral victory of liberal democracy over communist ideology. the stability of the new world order should be ensured by the rivalry of the national interests of five or six centers of power led by the united states, according to kes. among them could be russia and india however, the leading role he still dismissed the united states by defining washington's role as first among equals, yet many still criticize it for not paying enough attention. to questions of value, reproaching him for his adherence exclusively to the school of realism in international relations.

no matter how much a bright personality, interest in her would be much less if kissinger did not personify a certain type of thoughts and behavior, what continues the classical tradition of her name in all languages, real-poly is borrowed from the native language of caesar, german, some consider this approach, wise and time-tested others immoral and outdated and this dispute. almost the main one against the backdrop of the international crisis of a turning point. what is international tension reduction, an attempt to recognize that in the nuclear age it is the responsibility of statesmen not to take the risk of nuclear war lightly? secondly , an attempt to take into account the realities of large communist countries and the realities of america's power position in the modern world, such attempts ideally lead to the ability to maintain a universal military and geopolitical balance.

not to be reckless to maintain a balance it seems obvious, but the appeal to the categories of the past from the vienna congress of the main scientific interest of the hero of the day to the detente of the seventies today causes bewilderment at best, which does not suit the view of the kinggers this view. e. looks at people as reasonable at politicians at people, as at reasonable creatures who are capable of e, i would even say to make balanced rational decisions capable of foreseeing the consequences capable of e to one degree or another, as far as we are we can see the consequences loudly said, but to some extent are capable of a sober awareness of the limitations of any human effort, the vienna congress that

kissinger was involved in is difficult to imagine today . rivals of their concerns may have mutual benefit, namely , the view of other countries as rivals not necessarily, as friends, namely, as potential rivals, but in no way we live in a period of general reshaping of history on modern way. keysir's emphasized historicism, the desire to stretch the thread through the ages is fraught with rejection. maybe his passion for the ideas of balance is not applicable at all. and this is what worries him most of all about the

realist model of ilyin's congress. an adherent of real politics, unlike biden and many other europe, he admits that we still live in the westphalian international system. she didn't end. although in europe, someone. i'd like to think it's gone. what a fantasy, and the westphalian system depends on the balance of power instead now talk about international order based direction , but in this order there is only one set of values ​​and everything for the rest of the chinese russians of the sudden world sounds like an ultimatum or failed it is deeply wrong and has nothing to do with realism. oh, the west is the west, the east, there is the east, and they won’t leave the place, kipling’s famous ballad was written more than 130 years ago, the ideas of the author, like

most european philosophers and historians of that time, and descended from the concept of europe of centrism, which proclaims the superiority of european peoples and western civilization above all others in the middle of the 19th century, the outstanding russian political thinker nikolai danilevsky put forward a theory of cultural and historical types, in which the slavic type opposes the german one to replace europe according to forecasts. yes nelepovsky should come to russia with its mission of uniting all slavic peoples and civilizational motives with a high religious potential. present in the work of oswald spengara stop said the famous brit. historical diplomat arnold toynbee in the book of civilization before the court of history in his opinion expansion lies in the very nature of western civilization, emphasizing this circumstance , tonby wrote, western civilization has

as its goal nothing more and nothing less than the inclusion of all mankind. in a single society and control over what is on earth in the air and on the water and what can be applied for the good of the cause, modern technology, according to the scientist, the salvation of the planet can only consist in finding a middle path between the two warring poles and it is extremely important in this salvation becomes the role of religion, at the end of the 20th century, american political scientist and thinkers huntington published his historical and philosophical tract, the clash of civilization and the transformation of the world order, according to the author after the end of the cold war. world politics has entered a new phase, the restructuring of the global political space according to the cultural principle, peoples and countries of related cultures , peoples and countries of different cultures are approaching , on the contrary

, they are moving away from each other, huntington claims that future wars will be waged with her between countries, and between cultural huntington was called the main opponent who then gained popularity with the concept of the end of the story of francis foucault pit in addition to differences along cultural and religious lines. there is also a more materialistic interpretation of the civilizational approach. it is associated with different conditions and traditions of management. it can be seen that the representatives of this interpretation were the french historian fernand . an inspired knight of the cold war , a supporter of the unity of the west, even during his stay in the white house , an informal club of leading powers arose, which we know now, as a group of seven in the mid -seventies, the leaders felt the need to coordinate efforts first in the economy, and then wider.

the informal international club big seven or gs7 arose in the seventy-fifth year, originally five countries, this informal international association is a kind of club, which includes great britain germany italy canada france japan and the united states over time , the european commission began to participate in meetings. by tradition, summits are held in turn in each country; it is curious that the very concept of the big seven originated in russian translation by mistake. so yes, in the early nineties, the abbreviation g7 was deciphered as evan or the big seven is heated. although in reality. this meant the seven groups, that is, the group of families, the club itself began to form in the early seventies as a result of the oil crisis of 73, when the members of the arab governments declared that they would not supply oil to the us and european allies, because they supported.

israel, in conflict with egypt from syria, it is also known as the war, the judgment day. this triggered an economic crisis and exacerbated the contradictions between the united states and western europe, the seven were supposed to smooth them out , they began with meetings of finance ministers. then in the seventy-fourth year, leaders of five countries changed at once. french president georges pompidou. the chancellor has died. germany willibrant us president richard nixon and prime minister. japan's some naka resigned because of scandals in britain, a string of elections led to political instability and nixon's successor geralt. ford offered to meet to get to know each other first. the meeting took place in november 1975 at the residence of the president of france in rambay.

as a result of the declaration, it was said about the priority importance of providing the economies of western countries with enough energy own in the seventy-sixth canada joined the club and a year later the european union russia first joined the seven in july ninety -first, when soviet president mikhail gorbachev came to its meeting in london although the forum was not participated in political discussions russia was invited to a summit in naples in the ninety-fourth. but only ninety 8th in birmingham, russia became a full member of the club, which became known as the g8 in 2014, russia's membership was suspended due to the annexation of crimea, the summit in sochi, scheduled for june, was moved to brussels the next meeting of the seven just took place in hiroshima now and think it's strange what else relatively recently, russia was a member of this association, and china was invited for deep discussions about the world situation at the summit in

japan, moscow and beijing were clearly identified. as opponents, the main efforts to involve in the confrontation that has not joined india indonesia vietnam africa and others, the task of the leaders of the seven, primarily us president biden, is to approve a two-dimensional scheme on the world stage. west democrats versus east autocrats cold war model. just raise the old instructions, but mechanical repetition does not work. there are many interests on the world stage, and the willingness to limit them for the sake of something collective falls stubbornly ; the moral value factor works sluggishly. moderate country results. outside the west sympathize, but maneuvers, especially since the economic problems. for the sake of them, once

stupid, worries were created much more. a group photo of the big seven following the summit in japan drawing by austrian artist oliver schubf china was not without a word here martin kamensky continues to fight this time on the topic of china's influence here the event is developing in a favorable scenario for the author the dollar is losing its positions drawing by michael ramirez written on an eraser financial irresponsibility. in this job. ramirez is already looking for a replacement for the yuan dollars as a result of difficulties with the us budget. of course , harry varvel could not do without bidens and the increase in the us national debt is written on the barrel of the party ready to increase it, but apparently the younger generation will pay the price of artificial intelligence 2023 is a reference. space odyssey rug and

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another winged saying is a country that requires moral impeccability. in foreign policy, he will not achieve either impeccability or security, a typical kissinger as ill-wishers portray him as cynicism and obsession with violence or wisdom, let's talk with a wonderful connoisseur of international relations robert emeritus professor at columbia university bob who

today is a monument to american thought or still a factor influencing a politician, perhaps it will be the only one, at least one of the very few figures american foreign policy of the second half of the 20th century, which will be written about and written, which will be of interest in 50 years , 100 years from now. today it is not a monument, not a major player in making key decisions, but his voice is still loud in public discourse 100. remains sober has a reputation and experience he will continue to be a significant figure in it all the time, the leitmotif of the need for a balance of power. this is still relevant consistently in the adherence to the idea that the doctoral dissertation outlined under the title of peace, legality and equilibrium is a study of the sheep congress, and the political wisdom of the kasler and the meter keisinger. gave primacy to free will to a powerful statesman

capable of influencing the course of events. once upon a time when henry kinsinger was in the nixon administration. he gave an unsuccessful interview to ariana filatche. comparing himself to a cowboy who comes to town for some water to clean up there, nixon was furious, refused to talk to him for three weeks and almost fired him because of the obvious display of arrogance at the center of the theory, which dates back to the days of the kesangers, graduate school representation is not only about balance, but rather legitimacy. it implies that global players should agree on an international order, recognizing the legitimate aims and methods of their thesis. he writes do not confuse legitimacy with justice, my theory is not about justice in international politics , it is about the coexistence of great powers, questions of modern morality or the achievement of public welfare are irrelevant for casenger. and today it is possible on this operation, i think, yes, the current

us administration proceeds from the idea that there is an existential struggle between autocracy and democracy and the question of value turns into a central one, it will either lead to nothing or entail catastrophic consequences. if we really insist on such an escalation threatens to escalate, which even the cold war has not seen. yes, on the other hand, the chinese in the united states today are key and leading players, and in a way they act like that. wants kissinger to focus on finding what could create a legitimate environment of order and balance, not worrying about the value system within societies, but the problems of international social justice and economic welfare in different parts of the world. this can become the basis for coexistence under conditions of polarization there is nothing unnatural about polarization. how to overcome it? well, that is, as they said, we

used to have a business that lives and wins. i think kissinger's ideas are correct and legitimacy requires that the voice of all the major powers, including china and india, be heard to some extent. they feel that they have been left out and ignored in the old international system by the hesenger problem in a somewhat limited approach to the world, and for of which he is a controversial figure in the united states, the list of political achievements is quite extensive, for example, his role in creating a control system. with arms negotiations on salt making progress in resolving the middle east conflicts and many other things, the paris peace agreements kissinger even received the nobel peace prize. bombing cambodia coup d'état in chile in 1973, the excesses of the argentine junta in its

dirty war, the action of pakistan was accompanied by an actual genocide. while today there is an audience capable of perceiving what kanger says, it is unlikely that the situation can change if it turns out that the united states or the collective smell of the term that russia uses will somehow find a way to cooperate with china and india in the cessation of hostilities on for ukraine, this could strengthen trust to change. white house code to china alternative path the biden and xi jinping administrations' realization that the trajectory that both sides are on is dangerous not only kisenger, but many in america say that the real cold war is between the united states. and china would be a truly dangerous disruptive transforming international order not in the interests of both countries. i am not sure that the russian side has an adequate idea of ​​how a long and

intense cold war between the us and china would affect russia's interests today russia cherishes its relationship with china with all its might, and i understand this desire, given its own cold war with the united states, russia is not in the mood to think about how, together with europeans, indians and other peoples, to change the direction in which american china relations are developing today. thank you, we talked with god legally. indeed, what if biden xi is seriously aware of the perniciousness of confrontation? biden is the first president since the sixties who doesn't consult kiss fat on major biden's team does not share his views with the foreign policy body. they think kissinger's views are outdated, especially when it comes to china ironically, the current administration is even more obsessed with china than

trump is. and this obsession prevents them from asking for advice. but henry would have been brilliant, he would have explained to them, how to do business with china , he explained it is interesting to say two things that are important: first china has existed for so long that there is nothing to dream that it is sharing somewhere, second china has developed so quickly 40 years, and because the western helped the fundamental mistake of the americans is what they believe. it was necessary not to help the chinese economy. and prevent her from developing. this is a wild absurdity that is ignored by the chinese economy. czech growth has made a huge contribution to the rise of the world and actually americans rewrite history since nixon there is a denial, but for china, do you remember?