[000:00:00;00] today it is hard to imagine that russia, located on the eurasian continent, was once completely deserted , leaving africa, the first people settled in eurasia for hundreds of thousands of years mastered the continent, not only our direct ancestors homo sapiens, but also other ancient people, the most famous among them are neanderthals and denisovans are named after the neanderthal valley in germany and the denisova cave in altai where their remains were first identified by ancient people populated southern siberia in two waves. the first in altai from 200 to 100,000 years ago, the second came about 60,000 years ago the siberian climate contributed to the preservation of human remains. what allowed scientists from the institute of archeology and ethnography of the siberian branch of the russian academy of sciences to make a real discovery to discover not just individual and scattered remains, but traces of entire groups

of at least 15 neanderthals some of them are related to no one and nowhere in the world could find the remains of such a large populations, all work was supported by a grant from the russian science foundation. during excavations teeth of the phalanx of the fingers and toes, fragments of the jaws and spine, and with them a tool of labor and more evidence that the neanderthals were not alien to the sense of beauty, a crystal crystal was found in the cave . you, we have unpublished finds that can be very interesting, for example. we have a crystal. e proud crystal, which the neanderthals brought here from a distance of 40 to 100 km and do nothing with it. that is, apparently. this hmm was just for them hmm beautiful and delivered aesthetic pleasure researchers were able to determine family ties in the population. among the bones, they found the remains of a neanderthal father and his daughter. teenager. also

found are the remains of neanderthals related to the second degree of kinship, for example, grandmother and granddaughter. or aunt and niece, in order to establish such connections, an analysis of ancient dna is required. these are long molecules that contain information in dead cells, they are destroyed, so it’s great luck to find preserved fragments of ancient dna and scientists have succeeded in this work. complicated by the fact that it was necessary to separate these fragments from the dna of modern people and animals that could live in the same place, the percentage of dna of the human owner of these bones yes , it turned out to be very high precisely in altai. them people. this applies to the unit found in denisova cave of neanderthals found in the same denisova cave and to that large

group of neanderthals that we managed to find in the chilean crack by another discovery. became, low genetic diversity within the community. it is known that neanderthals lived in groups of only 20 people for comparison, who lived approximately. for a while, representatives of modern man homo sapiens could form groups of up to 100 people, genetic studies have helped answer the question. who more often migrated between caves inhabited by different groups of neanderthals, men or women, scientists found a high diversity of mitochondrial dna that is transmitted only through the female line. and this means that between different communities of neanderthals migrated, mostly women, a small , very isolated group, but who, uh, this is replenishment of the gene pool or exchange. uh, genes, there was a set-off of, uh, women, that is, roughly speaking, women migrated from one population to another, that is, women changed

as homo sapiens more adapted to living conditions settled, the neanderthals disappeared. well, we inherited about 4% of the genome, therefore, learning something new life of neanderthals and their device society. we learn new things and you don’t understand about yourself, now i’ll explain in the post office. everything, on the contrary, with a closed credit post office, the bank pays money to you, increase the credit with the guaranteed rate service on time, and the bank will recalculate it at 4% per annum and return the difference. come for money post office bank. we activate megaforce, enough to run for a favorable rate. mega forces will make your tariff more profitable, activate them in the megafon application

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million rubles monitor 24 inches domestic development, starting with the scheme, ending with the location inside the components, was released this year by the company, beshtau, many details, including the board control made in russia for the screen uses a matrix of various types. including ips this technology provides a wide viewing angle and good color reproduction. that is, from any angle the picture on the screen will be perfectly visible, the characteristics of the products are not inferior to foreign counterparts in the plans to serially launch a monitor with a larger diagonal of 27 inches, it is profitable to engage in, but not only in russia it is profitable to engage in this business in any country, we do not produce products, production, which

the cost is more expensive than the production of this people 's republic of china here they took up localization and built two production sites, one. that wine was given to another in essentuki today, the company's products are computer equipment , system units , mice, keyboards. designing of its own printers and laptops is underway. it is unique for russia in that even a leon battery in it is not only a case , not only a motherboard, but even a leon battery will be made directly to the city of rostov-on-don. we have a production of leon batteries in russia. well, first of all , these are power batteries that are designed for road transport, or for uninterruptible power supplies for mobile equipment at the moment. well, we will be the first time in russia who will start producing this battery, most of the processes are automated. motherboards are assembled on this equipment and

subsequent technical control is carried out, however. no matter how reliable artificial intelligence is in the enterprise, the last test trust a person and only then allow products to be sold along this line. we have machines such as the most automatic pcb paste printer. uh, after the paste is applied to the printed circuit board, it goes into the latest generation automatic radio component installer. uh moves on to the next two installers to speed up pcb assembly. the company has big plans, including the release of about 350,000 monitors and about 200,000 system units per year. employees entered into agreements with five educational institutions. negotiations are underway with another one, so that future specialists would have an internship at the enterprise. among them , albina salsman, a final-year student

at the rostov technological college of service, found her first job here. we practically is to carry out repairs inspection and that's it. the rest is in this regard. yes? in the end, we liked everything here and liked it. just elementary. to understand this, to understand and realize that you are doing something for your own cities. and for your country something more interesting to learn. there are also technicians from other countries here, but the main campaign is to saturate the domestic market and switch from foreign components completely to russian ones. this can be helped by the products of the central night and investigative institute cyclone, which is part of the roselectronics holding rostec state corporation, its specialists have mastered the production technology. oled micro-displays. this is how they look in comparison with a coin with a face value of 1 ruble. per

product at a resolution of 1.280x124 pixels has a diagonal of only 20 mm. and now it is traditionally used in digital viewfinders. these are camcorders, digital binoculars, and so on and, uh, now is the most promising direction. it is glasses up to full virtual reality by the production of this technology. along with russia , only five countries own the development of the great 2007 , it took many years of trial and error to improve the alet microdisplays of its brother samples, which were received in 2007 . it was necessary to measure in one day to have time to investigate, because they degrade. uh, the products that we produce we guarantee 5.000 hours at elevated temperature we have carried out comparative tests. some foreign counterparts burn out much faster. well, let's say it burns out twice as fast. this especially happens at elevated temperatures . development and production, established at

the clone position, about a hundred different microdisplays are manufactured here annually. from next year, due to the capacity of the installed equipment, the production volume is planned to increase to ten thousand copies. what will allow raising revenue to a billion rubles, we are in the timber industry production area, as well as sealing. and this is, so to speak, the main area, where about 12-14 layers of organic materials are deposited layer by layer, then metals for making contact, and then further sealing of the device. , yes or it was built that with the help of the selection of organic materials you can create absolutely any radiation spectrum all production facilities are sterile for the device does not fall, not a single speck of dust. indeed, otherwise it will be considered a marriage

. high precision is required in the processing of materials . the technological process for the manufacture of one microdisplay can take up to a week. in order for the display to turn out to be colored , a special glass is glued on top of it, which is also called a light filter. it protects against air moisture and mechanical damage. previously, such glass was purchased abroad, but now it is produced at the enterprise itself to create microdisplays. sincerely, in order to manufacture screen alvet for phones, monitors or televisions , special glass is needed for such production in a cyclone, they have the necessary competencies and are going to launch it after the expansion of the enterprise and investments, as the ministry of industry and trade considered. in total , the industry needs funding in the amount of more than 3 million. three for 2030 25-30% every year for 10 years of the industry. can grow?

uh, because uh, we are now talking about the electronic components market, and the potential for expansion of the electronic components market. this this is actually the development potential of the russian industry, and it is determined by the capacity of the market for electronic equipment and end products. here, if we evaluate all the final products of computer technology. telecom equipment smartphones put together industrial equipment, then the volume of the russian market is about 50 billion. and the share of russian companies in this 50 billion market is not more than 20%. modern technologies in the field of microelectronics. it is difficult to develop many years. no, not a single country that would skillfully do everything from the beginning to the end, for example, taiwan manufactures analogue chips that are not found anywhere else in the world. well , they are not able to create the equipment for their printing in russia and western

restrictions. we have to master all areas of production. we mastered the production of more than a thousand electronic products, we will continue to increase the pace in order to double the russian share in the domestic market this year. in absolute terms, this is still not enough, of course, but we set the task of increasing our presence to 70% by 2030. one of the burning issues is the creation and production of equipment for the manufacture of chips, this is also done by an enterprise from st. petersburg. now everyone is chasing to reduce the technical process. here in this direction. what kind of work are you doing? well, actually, what you are talking about has to do with classical silicon microelectronics. there it is really important e for a number

of applications, where the size of the topological element depends on the energy efficiency of the chip , speed and its other parameters. e, we produce equipment for power for electronic component base, which based not on a comb, but on materials 3.5 , this is primarily and other advantages are important here. it is on such chips that today lasers, leds, modules for cellular networks of the fifth generation are made, the basis for the technology was the scientific discoveries of the nobel laureate, from the heat of salferov, for which he received the highest award of science , the enterprise closely cooperates with the iofi institute of physics and technology, which headed the russian scientist. the created equipment became the embodiment of symbiosis, theoretical and practical

developments of adult such installations and their units in general, that is, to russia , e-e europe, some european countries america japan that is, even now , there is no company quickly at the moment that we could enter such installations, there are quite a lot of parameters that are necessary for growing the flooring that we want to get, that is, these temperatures, the ratio of flows, materials and a number of other applications, to fully make the chip is necessary. carry out dozens of complex technological operations and each one will require separate equipment. at this enterprise. learned how to do almost all types of installations. the first operation for the manufacture of chips. this is growing a set of layers on a substrate. what determines the operation of the future device, for example, its reliability and power. this is what a clean sheet looks like. so, after several dozen operations, then the wrapping of a set of layers on

the substrate will be sharply chipped. it's like a batiskave. installing some solution of this equipment. so revolutionary that have analogues in the world, says the deputy director of the enterprise for science and technology. stanislav petrov is one of our key innovations , which, in principle, even happened to our colleagues from america from europe - this is an increased temperature of the substrate. you are the aggressive atmosphere in which the cultivation takes place and this allowed us to obtain a hydrostructure with the best quality. the production of labor-intensive enterprises annually produced about 5-7 units of products after the imposition of sanctions . the number of orders has increased significantly . today, contracts are signed for the supply. several dozen installations, so the current capacity is no longer enough. we have been actively expanding our team over the past year. it has increased, well, almost doubled, we continue to recruit employees. e. well, and finally. we are currently expanding

our production facilities. on this site , such an opportunity actually exists. in a year, we will double all the space that we now occupy by ready-made specialists in the industry. especially constructors. now it’s almost impossible to find them worth their weight in gold, so the enterprise hires mostly young personnel, and then, in the mentoring mode, they teach all the secrets. now they are developing more productive ones with an improved one. by automating equipment, all technologies are being tested in the applied laboratory, at the moment we are developing a technological process at the request of one of the customers, whose imported equipment failed, which we use in their technological route, and we select our technological process for specific parameters. whatever were the results in the laboratory to truly evaluate the quality of the equipment will only allow real production and the more orders for russian equipment, the faster

the manufacturer understands what can be improved and how. and we very often had processes, but they, for example, were implemented. there were very few . and so with the imposition of sanctions with the beginning of when our uh, many of us our suppliers left our market. we took this place, ready technology. this is when some customer has worked on it for several years ours said. yes, this is hope! this is the work of the developers, the manufacturer of equipment for the manufacture of printed circuit boards, the company elma, has significantly increased orders after the imposition of sanctions, the proceeds were directed to the creation of new products. in this case , a machine for etching printed circuit boards is presented - this is one of the main processes where excess copper is removed and a circuit pattern is formed from copper conductors. uh, caramel processes with alkaline ammonia smells around the environment, so there is a double protection with double

glass the feature of this machine is that our designers immediately took the path of maximum savings in production space, therefore, all electrical equipment. and if all the imported ones with the rest of the separate racks stand next to the car, then we have all this. once loaded inside the machine, russian developers are looking to ensure that the equipment is not only not inferior to foreign counterparts. well, take into account the trend of the industry. you see how our mobile phone, for example, is evolving. ah, the fees are getting smaller. they become more saturated pattern. they get harder we get very thin and long holes. we are currently working, basically, we are minicensing a printed circuit board; a printed circuit board of any complexity can be manufactured by an electrical connection company from novosibirsk. over 12,000 customers from minsk to

vladivostok use the company's services. complex consists of sixteen layers 10. as you can see, you can fit four processors to create it took 2 weeks to compete with giant factories from china enterprises that fulfill contracts for millions of paints cannot, therefore, the emphasis is on the speed of production for the manufacture of a printed circuit board takes from two days, all ready to place an order at least in one copy. and it's in high demand. we now have a volume of orders increased and at the moment we are in a colossal overload. that is, we have been working for 5 months at full capacity. we now have a large request for domestic base material, so that we can make boards based on domestic material. we we order this material, but our russian manufacturer already puts us in line for 2-3 months, because they are also overloaded. the owners of the enterprise

started production. in the ninety-first year, they rented equipment in the basement and eventually developed the company to a large one and a warehouse, which is made here in a year, you can lay out the entire red square. and there will still be the production of printed circuit boards in general - this is a rather complicated technological chain, and there is both mechanics and precision mechanics and galvanic chemistry. chemistry, lithography, laser technology, that is, the mass of everything. for example, here we call this line simply the etching line, but in fact there are three quite complicated technological processes , each of which must be verified so that the board conducts, then it sends it to take a galvanic bath down contains a special solution and coating, which must be applied to the device. this for example, palladium is needed in order to create only a conductive layer, because

initially, and the walls of printed circuit boards, they have well, that is, it is a surface made of fiberglass. it's a dielectric. it just doesn’t conduct, that is, first we apply the plates, and then the galvanized copper, each board is necessarily checked and this process is not so easy 4 1/2 thousand operations will pass. this device is only for lack. an open circuit, then a short circuit test will be done. this is even more action, so without special equipment. do not get around on average somewhere the speed of the operation. this equipment has approximately 800 operations per minute. then, depending on the topology, which components are placed there, the testing time can be higher than 10 and 20 minutes and up to an hour, it happens when it is a large workpiece, but there are a lot of boards. but we check all this among the advantages in russian products, prompt delivery within the country, as it saves a lot of time. there you can arrange other

services. in addition, this is one of many steps towards the technological sovereignty of this country, however, to achieve it, it may take from 10 to 20 years, says

dmitry peskov, special presidential envoy for digitalization

. we will take up this matter. it will be the honest

detective. the weather of the event, by this minute in our news release, the russian army stopped the offensive of the ukrainian troops, the zelensky formation lost up to 4,000 soldiers, officers and mercenaries , 52 tanks, 207 armored vehicles, 5 aircraft and two helicopters, fifty artillery pieces, including american and french, in addition , massive high-precision blow long-range weapons struck. one of