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materials of our program a man said to the dnieper i will pull you down you will absolutely jump. you will move the car. no the water answered for nothing and never a poem by samoilov marshak known to us from childhood called the war with the dnieper today sounds ominous. this river has been a literary and movie hero many, many times, a symbol of boundless expanses and nostalgia for the departed feat of arms and labor accomplishments of a carefree childhood, and the disturbing youth today personifies the human tragedy of the destruction of kakhovka. the hydroelectric power plant hit the inhabitants of both banks, long-term consequences. any fighting, especially protracted and fierce ones, has its own logic to be evaluated. excellent one that is usually guided by peaceful life and priorities

change places. sometimes diametrically. it's inevitable. the main thing is not to forget. in fact, it’s so abnormal and the goal is to eventually put everything back from head to foot, and not vice versa. in january last year, an article appeared on the website of the us military academy west point, which described the bombing of the syrian dam with a sneaker phrase in march 2017. its author, law professor michael schmidt, discusses the legality and expediency of an attack on civilian infrastructure in a wartime platinum sneaker was included in list of objects to bomb, which it was forbidden due to the high probability of civilian casualties, but given the fact that the militants of the islamic state were hiding on it , the taskforsnein special forces group decided to attack the object on the dam, at least

one bunker bomb was dropped. she broke through five floors of one of the towers of the dam, but did not explode . the dam withstood immediately after the air strike , representatives of the us army said they had nothing to do with it. however, after the new york times received information from the military, the central command recognized fact of strikes, but indicated that they were applied to those parts of the dam, the destruction of which did not threaten the destruction of the entire structure and flooding of land downstream of the river, while the new york times noted that on the lives of people who may be at risk. in the event of the destruction of the dam , the geneva conventions of 1949 and additional protocols to them apply . professor. schmidt is convinced that the us war against the gills is not an international conflict, which means that the us is not required to adhere to an additional protocol from 77, in which says that it is impossible to bomb key

civilian infrastructure. enemy. the author of the article refers to internal army documents, according to which the commander has his own reasons for attacking the dam, for example, the refusal of its administration to provide electricity to the military or provide. enemy support, and if there is an armed enemy on the dam, then it can generally be considered as a military object, but there is another approach, which is outlined in another handbook by the commander of the navy marine corps and coast guard. it says that a dam and a dam should not be bombed if the expected damage to the civilian population would be disproportionate to the expected military effect, but in any case it is up to the high-ranking military to decide whether or not to bomb? the asian conference on security dialogue shangri-la ended in singapore. it has been running for over 20 years. under the auspices

of the london-based international institute for strategic studies, the agenda is western-oriented, but the forum is very representative and serves as an indicator regional atmosphere. and that means, in many respects , the global one, because universal attention and influence from interesting strokes are moving to that part of the world. chinese defense minister. he didn’t want to meet personally with the american in official speeches, they exchanged affection that they don’t want war, but representatives of regional players from australia to singapore were ready to rebuff, but it’s not entirely clear whom to prevent ukraine from entering the pacific basin. but the united states japan australia created a new four with the philippines to collectively increase their security from vehicles in the south china sea, and the united states of japan, south korea will now jointly

monitor north korean missile assets, maybe for some other reason, in general, they are in full swing towards further militarization. for the anniversary of the people 's republic of china, a festive round dance english-language chinese global times about how kamala harris muddies the waters let the storms come. in the sense of stability in the south china sea, soaring over from india competition for influence on the fishing rods is written us-china relations and the man screams. hey, do not forget about the connections of the chinese global times to scoff at the problems of the modern british fleet, which is forced to launch ships for spare parts caricature from radio free asia analogue of the american radio liberty in europe china's impotent malice is following the trip of the speaker of the house us representatives nancy pelosi

in taiwan patrick chapat and switzerland continues the theme nancypede plane leaves taiwan i hope everyone has learned my lesson of peace and democracy. the pacific indian ocean region promises to play a global role in the next decades. the role that in the last century fell to the lot of the atlantic is the zone of main strategic competition, and its most important component is the sea, let's talk about the absolutely wonderful guest admiral sergey iosifovich avvakyans , a russian naval commander. he served in the pacific for many years. exactly, seryozha . hello. we are very glad to see you in our program. please tell me, if you summarize the steering wheel of the navy in the 21st century, is it somehow different from the role in the 20th or 19th century in the 19th century, in the 19th century the fleet was the main instrument

ensuring the normal functioning of, uh, oceanic and colonial empires. and even then he could solve strategic tasks in the course of conducting warriors, it is enough to give an example: the napoleonic wars and even the crimean war. in the 20th century, we first explored the economic development of the oceanic areas of the coastal seas. uh, the adoption of carrier-based aircraft by the advent of nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons e , long-range cruise missiles , the navy, got the opportunity to influence the entire depth the continental region of a potential enemy and solve strategic problems at the end of the 20th century, the fruits were able to conduct strategic operations in ocean areas.

when the world's first naval battle took place, history does not know. however, it is known that in september 480 bc, in the solomen strait off the coast of greece , greek triremes and persian galleys clashed in a sea battle, according to various sources in that battle, the greek fleet numbered from 200 to 700 ships, and more than a thousand persian is only known that in the playwright's play. aeschylus it is said that under the blood of the persians the surface of the sea disappeared much later in october 1805 . at the height of the napoleonic wars , the famous battle of trafalgar took place between the british and franco-spanish naval forces. napoleon planned to unite the entire french and allied fleet to take control of the english channel and then invade england, but the meeting with the british royal navy at cape trafalgar, on the coast of spain, ended tragically for the french in a taxi. general nexon, with a smaller fleet

, the sinop battle with admiral nakhimov’s turks in 1830 became the last major battle of sailing fleets, the turkish squadron was defeated within a few hours, and her commander in the english press was captured by the russians. these events received extremely negative reactions. they were called none other than the sinop massacre in the end. they became the reason for the entry of england and france into the war. we are better known as the crimean in 1862 , during the civil war in the united states , the first battle in history between armored warships in battle unfolded. in riga the hampton roads ironclad, a virgin from the south, clashed with wooden ships and a single ironclad. northerners called monitor. the battle lasted several hours, but the battleships failed to inflict fatal damage on each other. back to the base for repairs, while the monitor continued the blockade in the summer of

1916. during the first world war, the british and german fleets clashed in battle. off the coast. denmark, the english fleet intercepted german radio communications. i learned the day the germans went to sea and deployed their ships 100 miles west of jutland coast as a result of the battle, each side considered itself the winner in the battle of the battleships, the british won, but they lost more people, which allowed the german propagandists to declare this their victory, nevertheless, the confrontation in jutland showed that germany was not able to break through the british naval blockade in the summer 1942 , six months after the attack on the first harbor in the pacific. the battle for the atoll unfolded. midday, the goal of the japanese was to destroy american aircraft carriers and neutralize the us fleet but the americans. read japanese negotiations and prepared a trap following the results of the battle

, the japanese suffered a crushing defeat when all four of their aircraft carriers went to the bottom, while the americans lost only one, but deprived japan of the initiative to effectively use the fleet. far from native shores. that is, here you mention twice mentioned economic development - this is the main thing that turns out to be of interest. in what a great power cannot exist without such a thing as sea power. the word sea power is understood not only as the navy, as one of the components of this sea power is the sea the might of a powerful merchant navy. uh, the fish that catch the fleet are marine science vessels. these are search and rescue ships. these are major economic regions in the ocean to the ocean. and in the ocean in the coastal seas. this is a powerful port infrastructure. these are overland

routes connecting ports with deep continental regions. this powerful shipbuilding and ship repair industry is the creation of maritime power - this is a state task - this is the state policy of no truly great power pursuing a sovereign independent policy. global politics cannot exist without the concept of sea power. that's about the great powers. i came across in an article in some american resource. there is just a sob of lamentation from the chinese, we are chasing behind. well, it's clear there. here you give more money and believe a little cunningly, but nevertheless, who are the leaders of naval power now? construction.

and now, at the moment, the chinese navy in the pacific ocean is superior in general -purpose forces to the navy. the pacific fleet of the united states of america. well, who, in addition, is the leading maritime power, russia, england and france, as carriers of the naval component of strategic nuclear forces ? there is no single methodology for assessing the power of the navy, perhaps even the constant ones, except for military intelligence, are not engaged in the very division of ships into classes and subclasses conditionally someone adds up the tonnage and believes that more weapons can be placed on a large displacement, someone simply takes into account the number of ships, but the results of a naval battle are made up of many factors, not only material after the second world war, the recognized leader is the united states washington is in the lead by number aircraft carriers 11 pieces. and this is the main thing the strike force of the fleet, but

after the end of the cold war much has changed, for example, this year bloomberg analysts sounded the alarm about the combat readiness of the us navy for the past 5 years, the country has been underfulfilling plans for military shipbuilding, and the us navy is experiencing an acute shortage of military personnel. at the same time, according to the global fire power analytical center, china is already leading in terms of the size of the navy, and not the united states , there are more than 400 warships in the service of the chinese navy, including three aircraft carriers. the last fujin was developed from scratch and launched last year in april, for the first time in history, china placed a nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles on permanent combat duty. missiles, and their range is more than 10,000 km, that is, beijing actually

received a weapon capable of hitting targets deep in the territory of the united states. it is not surprising that, according to the data , the combat potential of the two countries at sea was almost comparable. naval forces represent four fleets. the baltic black sea north and pacific is also the caspian flotilla. ships that carry caliber missiles are an important element of deterrence, nuclear submarines with nuclear weapons on board, france and great britain also have similar submarines with nuclear weapons. their fleets were once considered the strongest in the world , but now the aircraft carriers are outdated, and new ships are not cheap. however, victory in the last major battle involving fleets, the war for the falkland islands. with all the difficulties left behind by the british, a fairly strong fleet is also possessed by japan and sweden

is engaged in special naval construction, india also has its own aircraft carrier rebuilt by the soviet ship, but unexpectedly in the ranking of leaders in the number of ships according to globallower. it turned out that north korea has a fleet personnel, it is not great. but by the number of subborins. she is in the top five. in march, the media circulated footage of the launch of two strategic cruise missiles from the hero submarine. on august 24, in response to the joint exercises of south korea and the united states, the missiles flew one and a half thousand kilometers and accurately hit the target in the sea of ​​japan. japan has a powerful naval force now, powerful modern south korea, we are far enough away even such a small state, like singapore has, well, within its own, so to speak, its protective , within the limits of its protection of its

interests, it has certain modern ones. here is the navy, but the fleet did expensive , not everyone will even allow themselves a country, you know, uh, here uh, you have to tell me the cost of the fleet, dear friends of the fleet. how much does sovremennik cost how much does an independent foreign policy cost? how much does it cost to protect global interests, if you are a great power, you should spend money on it. you know how flaky it is, so to speak, there now there are a lot of events and it is clear that the strategic situation is changing towards , let's say, invigorating, that is, everyone is starting to look at e, to consider all scenarios. here's how you would assess it now and what are the prospects for development, well, the situation tends to worsen, because in this area in this region there are several centers of precisely such contradictions that can

lead to the emergence, including local regional, and maybe be global military conflicts. this is an island zone both in the area of ​​the east china sea and in our smoked area is enough to say that in this region e. the three great powers have the most powerful armed forces in general , including the most powerful flam. in addition, the practice of creating military blocs has resumed. and even such a state is absolutely far from these contradictions. it would seem that they are on the periphery of these conflicts, as australia has now made a decision and is acquiring its nuclear fleet, which , among other things, will be able to carry nuclear weapons in the future. hey, here's the russian military power naturally adapts to the situation, while in your opinion. do we need any right now, the situation is changing

every day. we need some serious or noticeable teams in our maritime strategy. you know, as i said, above it is necessary to build not a military fleet , it is necessary to create sea power for the state. this is not the task of one department. this is the navy's misfortune. or even the department of defense. this is a state task. it can be solved on a national scale by conducting a targeted long-term global policy to create this naval power, with regard specifically to the navy , i would like to note that a very strong team has now gathered that leads the navy, headed by the commander-in-chief, admiral nominal, these are quite very strong people, such strong honest talented people who have a very clear understanding of development prospects. here in russia, the russian navy must be balanced. and should ensure the military security of our

country become continue to be the most important element of nuclear deterrence. we are capable of projecting military force to the entire depth of the enemy’s territory, and, among other things , to ensure unconditional economic activity in all adjacent seas and ocean areas, especially in the ever-increasing area. e, means the normal functioning of the northern sea route. this is a task, including for the russian navy, and here we are to solve this problem. rather, it is a lot of work. this bundle of tasks primarily needs quantity or quality improvement. no, quantity by no means. uh, quantity. we have gone through these periods. these are such global theoretical mistakes, when , uh, by accumulation they tried to solve strategic problems now, uh. we must proceed , first of all, from quality and

asymmetric problem solving. that is, there is no need to chase after what has been found, it should surpass, for example, the fleet of the united states of america is not necessary. our fleet should, in terms of its technical condition, in terms of the quality of weapons, in terms of the level of preparation for the development of theoretical thought, should provide a solution all of the above tasks. it is possible, that is, it is such as it is called reasonable enough reasonable enough reasonable sufficiency. okay then, probably the last question, but very, uh, a lot of people are interested. now we have the age of technological revolutions. they happen almost every month . sometimes. it turns out to be a bubble, sometimes really qualitative changes technologically. here e. can something happen in technology that will radically change the lats and their activities? well, it's already happening. eh, i must say that the navy is the most technically technologically

advanced type of the armed forces. uh , the technical revolution is already in the navy, it is already happening with the advent of hypersonic weapons from an increase in range. uh, conventional weapons of precision weapons, better than this. in principle, this is already a revolution, a revolution that should lead to a radical revision of such fundamental views on the construction of the navy, its further development into components, the development of certain components. it must be understood that the navy is not only warships . this is here for the auxiliary fleet. it is a hydrographic vessel engaged in scientific research. this search engine saves the ship. this is a marine unit. these are coastal missile formations. and besides, this is naval aviation the most important component, which, including long-range missile-carrying aviation, is dispelled by aviation. that

is, this fleet is such a very powerful interspecies organism, the most technologically advanced, the most advanced and, of course, uh, the 21st century role should grow. the high command, as the body determining the path for the further development of this branch of the armed forces, the most important type of development of the navy, should be given higher attention , priority attention along with such components as the strategic missile forces of aviation. and please tell me a question from the teapot, digressing from sympathy and antipathy, uh, the americans are a strong adversary at sea. well , of course, of course, strong, the enemy, in general, the anglo-saxons. these are great sailors. traditionally it is, uh, having a rich military, especially the us pacific fleet, uh, there is also something like that. here is the competition between the atlantic fleet and these ocean fleets because

the pacific fleet fought like a fleet. solved their most important tasks at the time. these are excellent sailors and experienced high professionals. these are excellent sea pilots. well, also, the strong, uh strong side could say so is that they are already starting. since the 18th century, they have been seriously consistently engaged in the development of naval theory. theory of building precisely sea power. while we periodically uh actually. in our country, the first theoretical strings on maritime strategy began to appear only at the end of the 19th century in the 20th century. we were still developing very naval thought was developing very successfully, but in 1975 it was decided to ban naval science. ussr successfully successful. that's why there are always

downs and ups and downs. here we need to revive naval science, and we need to pay great attention to theoretical substantiation of the use of the navy in the 25th century, including providing a theoretical justification for the conduct of strategic operations. well, golden words about science. thank you for them, many special thanks, and admiral sergey oktyabrsky was our guest accessory channels in holland once had military significance, but now our permanent author helen sent us a sketch from amsterdam a long time ago and now her time has come . the canal system of amsterdam is simply gigantic with 2,500 houses under

in the middle of the 17th century, the seaport was protected by unesco in the middle of the 17th century, and as the traffic increased, new channels were dug , today a walk along the city's water system is one of the main attractions for tourists, if all the channels of the city of amsterdam are stretched in one line, then the length will be more than 60 km, residents of the city like to joke that the depth of the channel is exactly 3 m. the first is mud, the second meter is old bicycles, and the third meter is water jokes with jokes, but statistics do not lie every year from one channel raises 12.000 from them only bicycles. this, not to mention other large-sized items , is being cleaned by a specialized city company, but recently instead of metal and wood. there are more and more plastic bottles and bags. maurice smith cleans the canal from plastic