centrist however, after the coup, he was also disenfranchised and his father was ex-president of the ereera. quite right, but after the coup, he was generally taken into custody. the fact is that the dictatorship banned all parties among the missing, not only communists and socialists, that is, representatives of the entire political spectrum were called out. that human rights program of radio moscow in chile was hosted by the legendary katya alevskaya, but also by our mother’s mother, and after all, the paradox turns out, but the beginning of the seventies in the soviet union is like since the matter festered and the same soviet union defends human rights here, well, somehow i thought of it, but what to compare with what at the same time the uruguayan senator was shot right on the street by his son. also elected senators holds an interesting idea. in any country there is a ruling elite, do you like it or not? our elite has lost its compass for

guests. this is another shopping center called a point for the indigenous people of this city. there are symbols here. this current shopping center, a former prison for years of people kept underground here in the 70s and 80s among her ex-prisoners. veche jose mujica was elected president of uruguay from the broad left coalition, but in the seventies he was sitting in solitary confinement, like a militant, stupidly maru their romantic cocktail of marx che guevara and robin hood in the sixties attracted many even from the most refined, but turned out to be increasingly bolshevik by stealing people's valuables, this interlocutor of ours wrote a book about an otero detective, who led him out under the field. this is a dumbass. everything was provoked. let's be objective. if we say one thing, then we will talk about something else.

who is to blame left who provoked the right right categorically denied - it is impossible, so to speak, that someone is specifically to blame, but i think that then if it can, so to speak, there were fashionable dictatorships . no, he did not use them, everyone admits it. and who suggested trying here? the cia's 73rd coup fighters are dumbass already in jail. yes, they were defeated and our elites, strayed along the way, there was a feeling of impunity for those who continued to try to organize the disappearance and so on, no longer any partisans, which was terrible. this depravity political and spiritual rot is always inherent in fascism. and this is the form of authoritarianism that tries to preserve the hierarchical order and thinks that it can rule people like sheep, every single dictatorship. in south america, they seized power under the slogan of saving the motherland, as they are remembered, it is necessary to expose the former

air force workshops in order to see those who say that in argentina was not like that. and if we win the next election, then we need to pass a law against denial, so that it cannot be said that nothing of the kind happened. especially for international review, from latin america, let's dig deeper to the thirty years' war on planet earth, only two organizations inspired awe and fear. it is, of course, the kgb and cia management, a sector appeared that began to deal with the change of power in other countries. the united states and nato countries are using ukraine to

try to destroy russia , we have to fix you when you need to work on raw on us, because you have to bring us profit that is why the united states continues to pump weapons to ukraine politics. colonization has not changed. yes, i witnessed the blatant politicization of the activities of our department. not russia in the last 30 years has fomented wars. we are now witnessing the birth of a new international order with russia in the unique position of fighting to preserve western civilization.

on the app or website , the british and french wanted to do everything

they could to prevent war. my grandfather youthism with russia has always been considered as the main condition more than 20,000 people a day biblo during the great patriotic war we are at a very dangerous moment in human history what is happening now in ukraine the lessons textbook 2018 edition of june 22 marked as the beginning of the german-soviet war . well, ukraine has nothing to do with the lessons of the past. otherwise, we will repeat it politicians using speculators from history make a decision on the basis. or

endure its possibilities, the other does not remains. the drama of death is devoted to him a huge number of scientific studies and works of art in european history. in medieval europe , perhaps the first mercenaries were the vikings who were hired into the personal guards of the byzantine emperors, for example, the future king of norway, charact. iii was the head of the emperor's guard in 1474. the french king louis the eleventh concluded an agreement with several swiss villages.

he undertook to pay each of them annually 20,000 francs. and for this they had to supply armed people, if the king wages war, this is how the swiss mercenaries appeared in 1477, the swiss, who make up half of the lorraine troops on the head, defeated the burgundian army led by charles under nancy, then the swiss paid attention, all the masters of europe and in particular the emperor of the holy roman empire maximilian the first habsburg. he hired them to train his army. the german lanzknechts, who were from german mercenaries, gradually, with the gain of combat experience, became competitors of the swiss, on may 6, 1527 during the war of the cognac league of the out-of-control troops of emperor charles the fifth of habsburg broke into rome and subjected the eternal city to robbery and ruin pope

clement the seventh was able to escape and took refuge in the castle of the holy angel, then lanz, kanaev you killed most of the swiss guarding st. peter's cathedral since then , many european monarchies have often begun to hire landsknefts. they fought on both sides of the conflict, were participants in campaigns against the moors in africa and clashed with the russian army of ivan the terrible to the left during the thirty years' war. they showed high efficiency. not surprisingly , apart from the salary. the mercenaries earned income from robberies in enemy territories. in the 17th century, the famous flights of wild geese began in europe. this was the name of the irish who fled from britain and entered the service of the french crown in the service of louis xv, there were about 20,000 irish in the 19th century with the advent of the era of conscription armies of mercenaries in europe, their services almost disappeared, their services

came in handy in africa in the second half of the 20th century, when the term wild geese so called michael hoaar's battalion took on a new meaning, and history of soldiers. good luck received cinema recognition. swiss mercenaries are in demand and to this day only the guards guarding the residence of the pope are composed of them . our good friend and almost a full-time historiographer is our guest. andrey srs. andrey hello, well, the phenomenon of mercenarism in europe in the 16-17th century. if you leave, here's to the origins , how important a kind of activity it was then and how it was treated generally speaking, and you need to start with the fact that the word soldier itself, and italian in all european languages,

penetrated, including the germanic and the word soldier from the word solda, that is, a coin. well, yes , ah, the condottieres, here are those who organized, the private army from the word condotta, that is , the contract, that is, the word itself carries, and the memory of that era belonged. and as i understand theoretically, always with suspicion, and from the ancient heritage, uh, through the perceived in different translations. in the original, in general , ancient memory, and there is only that one, that one must be a warrior, who defends his homeland? as like ancient greek city-states. and if the mercenary serves the one who pays the money? uh huh it's either, uh, the total private power of interest, maybe the authorities are unfair. if needed,

there will be another one. uh, another payer, that is, always treated with suspicion. it is so vividly in machiavelli, yes, yes, it is stated, but, but it was in the era of machiavelli, just the mercenary army is finally replaced by knightly a and the era of domination of various kinds of mercenary armies will continue in europe in general in the seventeenth century and in a sense 18th century if you look at the proportion of foreigners. let's take foreigners in the armies of the largest european powers. quarters rarely omitted, and it happened even in prussia, even in the xviii century it was two-thirds at the same time. well, that's it in one year, but the third quarter even in france quarter although france is the largest country in europe in terms of population and it competed with the sovereign of. well, that is like,

who will pay more or how it happened. and yes, there were contracts, so to speak. e long-term tradition. e, tradition implies, but duration, apparently, and the most striking example of e, landgraviate essential kassel a in 1730 every nineteenth resident, and then even more up to seven percent of the population. and it needs to be multiplied. uh, twice, because men are fighting, and one of the rulers belonged to the army. eh, genk in the middle of the 18th century. the enlightened one spoke. uh, our army is peru, that is, our source of income, uh, peru i mean in front. yes , precious metals go to spain, uh, in the thirty years' war. it is known that not only individual soldiers, but also entire armies, moved freely from one

owner to another, so to speak, and even these same religious discrepancies did not interfere. a how then was at least some morale of the contatiere ensured, and already that, maybe not called, but these organizers of private armies, uh, followed the morale and the most striking example is the most famous example of albert weinstein, who fought against looting, but he imposed regular indemnities on the occupied cities so that the soldiers would observe discipline, of course, they did not. but at least, and so, uh, he had a plan and, probably, cash loyalty was based on the regularity of payments. e in largely so, that is, here is the same wallenstein, as a very large one of the largest commanders, at that time one of his tasks, apparently, was

to keep this. actually under the control of his army. yes, yes, it turns out like this, well, this is such a specificity, after all, for he must think strategies, but then you understand, it’s not clear who, but this is what critics always said is that this is what everyone who read ancient authors , and then i read it, and the italian humanists all of them had this question, if there is, people are ready, uh, to fight for the sake of money or to do something for the sake of money, who where is the good here? am concepts, in general, the good existed and was in the concept, just war, if they fight for money, then where is the just war. yes, but it has always been like that, if we look at russia in those days, something similar, we had a failure with jakob dalagardi, who everyone probably remembers, when vasily shuisky called the swedish detachment. and there were not only that. by the way,

there were also different germans there. and during the time of troubles, fighting the poles ended. how do you remember? a war on two fronts, because the swedes also then began to occupy russian lands. but, uh, if not foreigners, and compatriots, so to speak, but on a commercial basis, it was generally like the norm or how it works with us. we never had enough money. yes, there was a military, uh, cossacks, because there are also analogues in europe and in the world, but there was never enough money well. in general, the phenomenon of mass mercenarism or whatever. it can be called when it is completed, when the regular army is completely taken over here this sphere with the french revolution, when two processes united, and the first is a sharp increase in the size

of the army, and this is already connected with the development of the strategy of military tactics of military art, a sharp increase in the size of the army and this is the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe army of the people's army of the nation, and about this clausian writes. it is not modern historians who are reconstructing the klausian; on the one hand, the modern state with weber’s violence on violence creates a regular army, and on the other hand , the regular army creates a state creates the idea of ​​a people, and a nation, is created even by, to some extent, a literary language , which should be understood by everyone, because in the army it cannot be said that we have a different dialect in this dialect. we, i didn’t understand, this once, apparently, passes, and that is, the army is being created by a modern state. hmm, and nationalism is a modern idea, these are created by modern armies. and of course, first of all, this

happens on land, because at sea, and the echo of these old private armies was also preserved. and privateering was the last time, uh, on a large scale, e privateering corsairs privateers, and proved themselves during the wars for the independence of spanish america and finally prohibited by international law, privateering was in the paris peace treaty, which ended the crimean war in 1856. here's to the question that the state creates the army of the army of the state. and this naturally gives rise to the desire of the army in some cases. well, so to speak, influence the state, namely , intervene in politics not from among this case, but typological can we say that some kind of state system or regimes are more prone to adhere to such a tradition, i think, yes, and in modern

society in a modern state, so we have a lot of work for the worldly, doing this among others, but there is a state. where is a in the first place is a? the idea of ​​​​the political role of the army, that is , something arises that we stopped in the 18th century, when there were guards love spells and there were guards. uh. well, in general, peter's children are real children. petra's country has not yet been so changed by reforms as the army is a new army, a new type of army, but we had it stopped. eh, although you can look at the decembrist uprising from this side, that is, and the army, and the military, firstly educated. secondly, e has approximately the same ideas about life about how life should be arranged, and the third is disciplined, like any military, but,

that is, e the idea of ​​​​a military coup arises, how fast is the political revolution that directs the development of the country . uh, along the way, uh, who are these military, as a single, how to say corporation, huh? wish a and very bright an example, of course. latin america in the 20th century , partly in the 19th and in the 19th century, is the legacy of those long wars of independence, and the role of the military before that, of course, was not there. here are these koudillos, and maybe even a more interesting example , turkey, where ataturk is military and ataturk radically changes country a and the military e in turkey after the turk, a in power or near power and throughout the 20th century, a up to recep tayyip erdogan, and if the military, as a very well-coordinated corporation with

a common idea of ​​how what should turkey to be, and first of all, secular and , let's say, oriented, relatively speaking about the west, if they don't like something, they staged a coup, and they directed it. in the development of the country where they thought they wanted, where they wanted, and the rejeptator dogan e, this tradition broke, er, and apparently broke, e not only won the elections with other slogans with islamic slogans, but also defeated the coup attempt, and such a humiliating the coup turned out pretty good for the prestige of the military. certainly. i think he took every opportunity to to show how it is not the same military city. thanks a lot. very interesting. andrey's son from the school of economics was our guest. strength and power, violence and order, coercion and flexibility

, the stability of any society and state of a universal recipe depends on the balance of these concepts. no, france is on fire on tuesday , a policeman shot dead a seventeen-year-old teenager of arab descent while trying to check his car, the young man was impudent, but as it turned out, he did not pose a threat, a wave of protests and pogroms rose, the largest almost 20 years, similar to the american events three years ago after the death in police custody of black john, lloyd's surge in violence, exposed sharp contradictions. some say they are out of the frame of others. they allow tolerance for the aggression of minorities. the first truth sounds louder in the zeitgeist. well, and another masterpiece of tolerance, iraqi dissident migrants burned another koran in front of the building. cathedral mosque in stockholm with the permission of the police, albeit to the annoyance of the government, which

desperately persuades turkey to let sweden into nato instead of a deal on the eve of the vilnius summit, outrage throughout the islamic world. why allow this? freedom of expression is more sacred than any religious shrine in the modern world , there is not enough instructions on general safety techniques, which buttons not to press so as not to bang and where they fit in so as not to kill only where to get a mechanic who will start repairing a fragile structure, armed with thin tools, sledgehammers are now held in high esteem. it was an international review. goodbye. science music literature developed rapidly russian bread industry is inundated with world markets. and now, if it all brought together, then it was also rotten, maybe nothing was rotten.

formation of the enthusiasm of the people, the soviet government received a colossal legacy. how prudently it disposed of this inheritance. what was russia before the seventeenth year? and what should we do with this history and how much can it repeat? what can we bring our country to?

the russians can only be defeated if the ukrainians are set against them. the main task was a swift offensive and exit to our western border. to overcome the water surface with a width of 3 km with the dominant west bank. this is a very serious obstacle, 2.438 people were less.

as a very young man, he joined the ukrainian galician army. there, they were trained as scouts for saboteurs. and, of course, monsters, the holocaust in lvov was organized by the ukrainians, 6,000 service people were destroyed, they were detained and used in anti-soviet activities.

and roskosmos plans to send a new generation navigation satellite into orbit in august glonass k2 this was announced at a meeting with vladimir putin by the head of the corporation, yuri borisov. according to him, the launch program this year is being carried out without disruptions and transfers , the conversation was also about creating a russian orbital station that should replace the iss and about the participation of african countries in this project was discussed at the meeting and the high interest in low orbits about all space prospects near and far.