it is important for me to feel the war, so that as an officer, uh, i understand where i will go to serve , and now he is talking there. uh. god bless you, er, your son, and all our soldiers, so that if possible they return home, alive and healthy, of course, which, unfortunately, cannot be done by everyone. let's hope all the best for you. thanks for the frank conversation. we really touched on important topics. why are we talking there? this? the main thing is everything else. this is also very important, but the details. thank you very much a-a igor vladimirovich, we recall, we talked with the adviser of the time, the acting head of the dpr, igor kimakovsky. we'll be back in a few minutes to talk about how the so -called chip war in china has long been held back in semiconductor manufacturing by restricting access to hardware technology. and here comes the answer.

he formulated the idea that the russians can be defeated only if the ukrainians are set against them. the main task was a swift offensive and access to our western border. cross the water surface 3 km wide with mainstream west bank, this is a very serious obstacle. here are all those lines. we had to overcome for the battle ass

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online. every day solution from vtb is to please your loved ones with convenient and fast transfers in russia and more than 10 countries of the world. get a free debit card for vtb life plan travel with daily rent on avito safe housing is checked so that without surprises the payment is protected payment to the owner after

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authorities did this in response to the actions of western countries to limit the supply of technology and equipment to china for the production of these very semiconductors , the mutual exchange of blows has already been called the war of chips. is it possible to call it that and what is really happening, we will discuss with chairman of the association of producers and consumers of rare and rare earth metals , general director of the solikamsk magnesium plant ruslan dimukhamedov. and ruslan hello. we are like this with you right away. yes , dishonor, we agreed. uh, what are we talking about galli and germany what kind of beast are they? what is the movie about? gallium of germany is one of the rare metals, in general it must be said e rare metals. we have almost half of the periodic table. so, each of them has its own special niche, thanks to its special properties. for example, germany metal, but

can pass infrared radiation through metal ordinary metal. so not ordinary metal can not, but germany can, therefore, infrared radiation is made from germany night vision device does not pass the rest. so, therefore, 1/3 of the world market. germany is another third of the night vision sentence, thanks to the same properties, the optical fiber makes glass transparent. this is fiber optic and the third part is e microelectronics. at one time there was such a championship in the field of, uh, microelectronics, that is, not silicon chips were the first, and then silicon came to e at the forefront due to a number of properties there, but now they were much cheaper. no much cheaper and much better

scaled down. that is, all smaller shallows can be done. uh, nanometers, these very nanometers. uh, they do better with silicon. yeah, now there is a special point of view among scientists that it’s just silicon that’s not enough to move below one nanometer, so it needs to be doped with a certain amount of megagermanium and, accordingly, control germany is the control of chips below one meter. that is, this is, like , there will already be some more streams going on. and this is this high. uh, germany can't take it lower. well, he would definitely now , uh, yes, yes, he is needed so that u not three not two is less than one to go and there are many orders of magnitude each uh, each fraction per millimeter. this is already a technological feat today. therefore, using the example

of germany, it looks like this, in principle, a similar situation with it also has its own niche. now i'll show you what it looks like modern. ah, the power supply. this is how it looks like. uh, haven't played it yet, nitrite ceramic. yes. such a power supply is enough for two laptops, respectively, if we are talking about modern electronics, if we are talking about charging electric vehicles, they need the same galya nitrite ceramics. and well, and, accordingly, control over e. golem uh-huh it's uh control of the haik. but here i must add one very important. in my opinion, the important thing is control. no, prey, more precisely, not only for prey, it is clear that china, e, leader in in many ways, if we are talking about the german market and 140 tons, china holds 95 tons of the world market, if we are talking about galileo from 430 tons. china

is holding 4220. well, that is, in fact , the dominant one has put a dominant position, but not only uh, the problem is that it is possible to extract it, and in africa it is important to control the entire chain to remake. if they are enlarged to dial, then in high-tech about 5-6 to extract ore, then extract a specific metal from the ore. enter oxide compounds. lichloride whether to further transfer it into a refined ingot of the same high purity. well ingot. in one case, cut plates and then make chips and, accordingly, there are computer night vision devices. in another case. uh, fiber optic. it is important to control this entire chain and china knows how to do it better than others. so i wanted to ask who controls this chain chinese china de facto, if we are talking about the world market in terms of production , china controls the primary alterations.

eh, not always. maybe the technology itself is chinese or western, which it uses. well, if this is a known fact, sure, but it's a known fact known fact, er. china, uh, many industries actually began to actively and aggressively develop the last well, 23 years before that, respectively , the technologies were uh, back, one, that is , europe, the usa, the technology was, and uh, in the soviet union uh-huh, in the soviet union in the soviet union there were technologies and we we mined, we extract and process, and in germany we extract , we extract and process. and what our share is it in general, but halle if we are talking about 5 tons in terms of production from 430 germany 5 tons and 140. well, not so we are in second place in the world for one and another metal. and i say, no need. it turns out it's a lot. yes , just the second place in the world is 2%. 12%.

that's what the second place in the world is. so, if we are talking about e, what we need for our critically important strategic industries is there, and we are, by and large, in the region. uh, first of all, the defense of the industrial complex, this chain is somehow controlled within itself. that is, we have replaced imports here, as it is now necessary to say in principle, right? well, if we are talking about what we need not only for defense industry well, for the civilian sectors, but to reach a leading position in the world, then you need to increase this volume of production. and we can do. and this question is already a technical one or a lot of money is needed; the question is actually not in the raw material base, and not only not so much, but in technology, the question is in an integrated approach. that's what china is famous for, because they can take a comprehensive approach, because if we don't produce these metals today, uh, tens and hundreds of tons. well, probably there are reasons for this, what are the reasons? well, de facto look, if you release it

material is less than a hundred times, so you have a critical higher cost if you do not have the ability to control sales markets around the world. so you can't sell that much. so your product will be. a priori more expensive. now, if your scarlet production volume is degrading, accordingly, production is degrading , science is degrading personnel. most importantly, it also comes out of this, the solution needs an integrated approach, the corresponding will is needed to develop not only the defense of the industrial complex, but also to become citizens of china there is a solution for this issue. generally. yes, it's always about money. cheap loans are many billions, and for this they are needed accordingly. support measures at cost, that is, if your product is more expensive than world analogues, you want to produce

a lot, and covering the difference in cost , by the way, some of them did it at one time and does it and does it, and let manufacturers, but increase production for through the volume of production e to seize e market share and after that it will already be possible to reduce. reduce measures support, that is, let go of producers. e in free swimming. naturally, i will repeat once again e manufacturers, provided that all e, redistributions are localized, mining, enrichment , metallurgy, production of products, well, let's ruslan. i understood you so correctly that we need this, in fact, we are talking about planning. what is an integrated approach? this is planning your actions. and it is clear that china has such experience, and we are targeting inflation. here we have inflation - this is the main thing. this is the color in the window. and everything else is there, as you wish, well this is such a rhetorical soft remark to the dollar euro exchange rate, which

showed miracles here this week and so on, that is, and now we are talking about raising rates and, accordingly, loans for you. they will be even more expensive, even if they are at all, but uh, this is me so that there is an understanding that it is impossible to develop the industry without affordable targeted funding, there and so on. you said that we still have. that is, if we can do it for the defense of the industrial complex, then we can do it for the civil defense as well. a why let's buy in china, as they used to say, why do you need planes, buy a boyng, and here. let's save from china. and if it sells it's easy. look, if you buy in china, it’s easier, easier and definitely cheaper and more profitable in the short term, this is basically the answer why we don’t have tons of millions of products, if we are talking about end consumer products this is the answer, but if you set goals, it’s not easy covering the minimum as well needs. if

we set the tasks of the country's comprehensive development, then we need other rules of the game. in my memory hell comes. yes. and here , look at churchill, and he is at the turn of the 19-20th century being the lord protector. uh, the admiralty forced the entire fleet of britain to switch from coal , of which there is a lot in britain, to oil, which, as he expressed it in britain, does not grow, but due to this, they, uh, received a critical advantage at sea. and uh, retained dominance. and throughout the world's oceans. so , accordingly, we have our plans and our tasks to develop electric transport. for us, electric transport. where does it go as well? the same galia for three days, ceramics, where lithium is needed, where rare earth metals are needed for us electric transport for

the russian federation well, in general, not the most popular story, because, and we have a lot of gas, we have a lot of oil, and it's cold here. in this regard, cars with internal combustion engines running on gasoline or methane or for us in general, more understandable, but world science is moving towards electric transport, so you want to be at the forefront of progress, you missed electric transport. and for this we need the very rare earth metals, which we are we talking? yes, this is a separate conversation here, how quickly people will switch to an electric car, but the clear trend is clear, large cities will switch to electricity very quickly. i mean electric cars. ah, but not as forced as it is ideologically done now. this is the notorious green revolution and so on. this is the other extreme. it is more related to politics, but the fact is that we are moving towards electricity. it's already obvious. if we

return, let's still get back a little on the e, world. while the problem. we discussed our have already understood that an integrated approach is needed . uh, these are the desires to do this and the understanding that this is extremely important not only for our country's defense capability, but also for development, respectively. and increased competition in the world market. if we want to play a role on our own, and not just be, first, a crude appendage of the west and then all the time an appendage of china, if we don’t want to, but we don’t want to, then we need to develop high technologies, if back to respectively, uh current situation, here, uh, you know, i was reading an article here bloomberg bloomberg it's clear, uh, whose interests this agency represents, they say china is shooting itself in the foot. they've been trying. we also discussed just now that if they take retaliatory actions against the west

, they will lose technology, markets and everything else, and from your words it turns out nothing will be lost like that. i believe that so i believe that e strange west let the genie out of the bottle at one time. they allowed, uh, china to form an industry within itself and look, for about 20 years, we could condescendingly look at the chinese and think that they are developing their industry thanks to cheap labor. maybe once, when this matter concerned, the smelting of the conditionally first cast-iron ingots there, in the yard of every peasant. it was so cheap labor low. there, environmental requirements made it possible to form something from the peasants. there to the first there for business on the industry, but today it is not so today. uh, china is the leader in all

technologies. just as soon as in china came the mass production of all kinds of products. see what happened there. you produce a lot of products, for this you need a lot of qualified engineers. you need to think about how to improve their working conditions. you need to think about how to attract from all over the world, and the best engineers after engineers. eh, stretches for the sciences. that is r&d. centers must also work in production the center cannot work in a vacuum, it must work in production . not you play big factories, you stop playing science and in the opposite light. do you want to play science? develop not only science, not limited to grants alone, not limited, but training dozens of students only there. uh, in moscow universities. form an industry, a full-fledged industry. uh, big factories, big

engineering staff. serious science, that is , the chicken egg is here. it's clear after all. uh, the main thing is a factory that needs to be taken and built. well, not just there in an open field. maybe something will come out, but by planning or with an integrated approach, correctly in integrated approaches, and again i will talk about cheap money. and china's recipe is both simple and complex. first, we give cheap loans, we simply flood the industry with money, we allow it to increase production. once you get more than 90% and the world market. you can afford to minimize. uh, subsidies and slowly release prices you are a monopolist, respectively, china is a monopolist. uh, not only in the field of earth metals. yes, in record time. this is certainly a fact of china monopolists, but more than 90% of steel china is over 90% as well. aluminum china and many

other types of metals can be listed, and, accordingly, the higher-level industries behind them. uh, where is china in general, with the same complex approach, including training, uh, and cheap financing and uh, comprehensive subsidies could, but develop the industry. and he could become a de facto monopolist. well, ruslan, let's do it. our monetary authorities will tell you now. they will say money, but stealing would not do anything . even if they do, there will be inflation, it is necessary raise the rate, otherwise everything is lost financial stability will not. here is the answer where the plant is not a plant, it's true, but it's, uh, half true, look. yes, if you look, the lower the rework, the higher the added value. somehow you dig ore. look , let's take iron conditionally, so you dig into the ore

and sell 10 rubles. per kilogram of iron. profit 30% on this kg, but you earned 10 rubles. it will be 10 or it's all the same. it doesn't matter. then you go out for rent, a kilogram of iron costs 100 rubles. yield less than 15%. but it's 15% off 100 rub. you produce electricity. an ordinary car costs 1,000 rubles a kilogram of iron in a car. yield 5%. but this is 5% of 1,000 rubles. accordingly, the more high-tech products you make, the lower the percentage yield of this product may be. uh, the amount, something you earn 3 rubles. on a kilogram of iron that you earn 50,100 rubles. on one car, the difference is huge, so you can’t look here. uh, just pure

discounted ones. uh, the internal rate of return approach does not work. ruslan thank you very much. we're running out of air time. you and i raised very important issues, starting with global ones and moving on to us. this is very correct. we must understand where we are in this whole world, because we will argue for a very long time the war of america china for us for us residents for you and me the main ones where we are, so that once again we are not appendages of neither even we are not friendly china friendly america to anyone, we have always been independent people, and now we must stand up again to you huge. thank you for taking the time, you wanted to add something directly. yes? i wanted to add that uh thank you very much for understanding this issue. we also understand his associations, don't we? how can we popularize here we published a rare earths magazine which is called non-commercial from the mine, so that we understand, otherwise our commercial service will be scolded for this and u

look, uh, we understand that it is important not only to work for a highly professional community, but also uh on ordinary citizens of russia so that they understand what we are doing why we are doing, yes thank you very much. let me remind you that we talked with the chairman, just the association of producers and consumers of rare rare earth metals, which are extremely important for our independent economic sovereignty, our independence, and the general director of the solikamsk magnesium plant, ruslan dimukhamedov. don't switch. we'll be back soon. cellophane rose sold kombucha ilya natasha pupyrochka director of the sweet life of the former it doesn’t matter who you transfer or pay, it’s important that without

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