tv RIK Rossiya 24 RUSSIA24 July 21, 2023 11:00pm-11:31pm MSK
11:00 pm
11:01 pm
grain mission to feed africa i am glad about the stability that the grain industry is gaining thanks to a long-term contract. i can now make more solid plans to go out and buy the new equipment i need i look to the future with optimism that i will sell everything that a report by a canadian television company from the 1980s was grown farmers respond to an agreement on the supply of grain to the ussr stability is a guarantee of optimism. action ended this week. the black sea grain corridor initiative for the export of ukrainian agricultural products across the black sea. the so -called grain deal was concluded a year
11:02 pm
ago. it was a set of indirect agreements with the participation of russia, ukraine , turkey and the un moscow constantly failing to fulfill promises to ensure unhindered access of russian fertilizers to world markets. moscow will not heed the complaints, and the agreement was issued by the ministry of defense. warned any ships following in the conflict zone. we will consider how kuleba, who has a military appointment as the minister of foreign affairs of ukraine, is firm, kiev is ready for any risks, but the largest insurers will keep the corridor even without russia. they have already withdrawn insurance coverage from possible flights to ukraine and uh said, accordingly, that all statements are on the subject of possibility. uh, maritime trade. uh, no uh guarantee security on the part of russia, they are, as it were
11:03 pm
, divorced from the reality of insurance and fraction of these conditions. uh, hmm becomes impossible, that is, insurance becomes. perhaps the frag becomes prohibitively expensive. we are no grain. naturally, this is not justified. and if there are those who want to organize military escort of ships for the carrier, the escort changes something does not change anything, the risk remains insurance coverage. no, that is, the carrier risks, and he risks, so to speak, several degrees. uh, first, the amount of insurance, then he carries full own liability for the cargo.
11:04 pm
excuse me, he will not be loaded with grain for several million dollars and this is his direct loss, and he bears full financial responsibility for the ship to his shareholders there or his pocket, if he actually and the presence of owners, moreover, many of these owners are here in the league. if all of a sudden, fortunetellers find out to people that the ship on which he transferred the leader goes, uh, to dangerous closed areas , they go without insurance, then he can simply take away from here and not only specifically, this which when it went and even better returned with karma. everything that was given to this escort, that is, we have super owners. uh, such campaigns, uh, they hang just brownies food a constant threat to the most natural bankruptcy of complete bankruptcy. great britain established a naval blockade of germany at the very beginning of the war , they began to take it seriously only after the war began to drag on . britain could not put up a large army, so it engaged in the economic strangulation of germany . the industrial revolution led to the fact that the population moved from the villages to the cities and, if earlier each country more or less provided itself with grain, now
11:05 pm
the industrialized states. more and more people are starting to buy food abroad. britain announced that all ships that go to germany will be inspected, and german ones will simply be captured, the german merchant fleet was old after the british by the fifteenth year, the french considered that during the first autumn of hostilities , 80 kg of chocolate were brought to sweden for each inhabitant. this includes old people and babies. germany received goods through gray imports through neutral countries. the government did not blockade the baltic coast, and sweden , norway and denmark opposed the blockade of the united states , by the way, they also adhered to neutrality until the seventeenth year, then in london it was decided to introduce a system of rationals. that is, to limit the flow of goods to neutral countries more than the volumes that they consumed before the war, the surplus was declared smuggling to it, and so was any military supply. and now added
11:06 pm
daily items food fodder clothes and even shoes, the issue was considered so important that a special blockade ministry was organized with the then major colonial powers and the netherlands concluded entire agreements to reduce foreign trade, the dutch overseas cod appeared, which distributed goods within the country and became the control body of britain. such a scientific and diplomatic approach , including to the scandinavian countries, led to the fact that exports and imports began to fall. the islands were even considered relatively successful, while the boats attacked separately, going ships, but in the seventeenth year the british introduced a system of convoys, and the effectiveness of the german submarine fleet. went down. germany declared unlimited submarine warfare and declared that it would sink the neutral ships
11:07 pm
of the victim was the steamer, the lusitania, it was launched by the german u-20 submarine , more than a thousand people died, and among them many americans, the press presented the sinking of a passenger liner as an act of a barbaric method of introducing war, before, than to sink a merchant ship. it was necessary to ensure the safety of passengers, and the submarine cannot do this for obvious reasons, the lusitania tragedy set american public opinion against germany and pushed the united states the last major neutral power to enter the war in a long war of
11:08 pm
attrition. maritime threats the complexity of the conflict lies in the fact that the legal status of the conflict has not been clarified, no one has declared war, if we consider the situation as peaceful, one must refer to the international law of the sea, primarily the un convention of 82, but the americans somehow do not look like the world, that within the framework of this law, its provisions and there are very interesting questions about what are the norm and the provisions of this law are customary international laws that everyone must comply with. well, i think and guess, of course not, because there are no universal imperatives for each observes in his own way. the americans believe that within the framework of, as it were, this international law of armed conflicts , certain maritime zones can be created. they call them differently. exclusion zone. the forbidden zone is an operational zone, a military zone, if we use the analogy of our kind of mid, this is a temporary dangerous zone, we created it exactly
11:09 pm
on february 25, 22. and this is a large part of the water area of the northwestern part of the black sea. that is, this is the entire water area, which, as it were, is both ours and ukrainian to the border with romania. you understand, yes, that is, that's all, we kind of closed for zandering, we had the right to make again slavik on american experts american experts believe that yes. such zones are absolutely legal and practice confirms that this is so? what practice is the practice of the historical alkan war. the islands of argentina and great britain do exactly the same, argentina closed most of the south atlantic ocean. well , it's just part of it was uninteresting for international shipping. but in principle, they promised that they would capture absolutely all warships and civilian court. it was the same. remember there was a secret
11:10 pm
that the war in the eighties 888 between iraq and iran, they also closed a huge area of water and you say that if any ships. well, of course, warships will also be subject to attack. you can’t go through the same thing. the americans in the code of the first and second iraqi companies did not close a fairly large part of the water area of the territorial sea of \u200b\u200biraq and huge parts of the water area around oil and gas production plans, that is, the americans have a practice for this practice. whole these are the zones. possible, it turns out a direct attack is quite realistic to look at the convention correctly of the naval war of 1909, it is supposed to. what is the available communication channel through which you bring confirmation. if there , after the second or third birth, it does not work, then e begins with the use of weapons. it all depends on the blockade regimes
11:11 pm
, if we introduce, relatively speaking, a police blockade, then we can try to take responsibility then search a friend. well , since we see an armed conflict, uh, with the use. aviation missile systems with the presence of the enemy, as we know, coastal artillery in the form of anti-ship missile systems, which have already worked with an unpleasant effect. unfortunately, even under these conditions. i'm afraid to try to service there, to tell the game about lives, there are sea latins, 15 no one will be there. uh, it's just that after the second third warning on the general radio channel there will be no answer to it and the ship will not turn back, most likely, she will delay any civilian warships like that . yes, it is necessary here, as it were, this is also the situation was determined, as it were, into two parts,
11:12 pm
let's say they are ships with a ukrainian flag or belonging to a ukrainian court. well, about the same thing, yes, in principle, the international humanitarian law of armed conflict provides that yes. we always within such a zone have the right to stop inspection and further detention, and even, as it were, to use weapons against a civilian vessel. but, if we do this, we must understand perfectly well, but let's report that, let's say this ship is putting into service involved in some reconnaissance activities. or maybe it is no longer even a civil court, but a military-powerful vessel. well , in general, in general, they participate in some kind of armed conflict, that is, as if a participant in this armed conflict, then
11:13 pm
certainly any measures can be applied. the only thing, as it were, is also a limitation within the framework of international law of military conflicts, that the crew and crew of citizens. well , of course, must be saved. well, you need to give, as it were, a signal to use weapons, yes, and they need to be saved. eat neutral countries? we are not talking about ukraine now, there are other countries, yes, which , in principle, can also escort their civilian merchant commercial vessels to the ports of ukraine. and so, too, within the framework of this law. well, it’s clearly formulated , as it were, a kind of position that yes, they, firstly, how can we also stop them, inspect them, detain them, if at all they also transfer weapons to the military conflict,
11:14 pm
then unconditionally participate in the military conflict. yes, in general, the legal status of what is happening is of decisive importance peacetime and peaceful relations, in general, any blockade of ports and running zones, as it were, from the point of view. the resolution of the general assembly is an act of aggression, we are often very skeptical about the resolutions of the general assembly. yes, like, well, what is it? where in fact, as if it is complete nonsense, but as it were, there are three judicial cases that confirm. what can't be done. block ports and coastline and there are three court cases. these are all the cases that were resolved within the framework of a key international judicial station from there is no international jurisdiction of the united nations. here is this case of determining corfu forty, ninth year, albania paid compensation
11:15 pm
for mines to great britain. this case of nicaragua against the united states is very funny, by the way, ok, won the case not expensively. the americans illegally mined the entire equator near the coast of nicaragua , the americans acted very simply, they did not recognize the legality of the court. and did not pay any compensation, but nicaragua won the case, and she entered, as it were, in the history of international maritime law and the case of iran against the united states and the americans accused that the iranians also mined some water areas, two warships were blown up there , and then they blew up two oil and gas producing towers. and then i decided that no matter how it was proved that it was iran that mined. and the americans do not have enough arguments to use force aggression
11:16 pm
yes against iran these three cases show them that in peacetime, if we believe that there is no armed conflict between the russian federation and ukraine, that is, in in peacetime, we do not have the right to any military blockade, any mining and detention of civilian ships. everyone agrees that exports across the black sea are in fact. now impossible. so, we return to the discussion about world food security , which was in full swing a year ago, accusing russia of neglecting the poorest, who are in dire need of grain goods, however, as many times it was pointed out, it was not for them, but the facts are not a hindrance. moreover, the markets are really reacting nervously to the news from the black sea basin, but is it really the case, let's talk with mikhail lavrov is the head of the russian egyptian business council, where grain is an important
11:17 pm
part of business, but our interlocutor has a very diverse experience in working with the topics that we are talking about today mikhail hello. hello fedor ah, well , all world markets, including hard-working ones, experienced a great shock due to the events of 22-23. ah, but in politics, for example, the ukrainian crisis, after all, did not cause these upheavals. it has become a catalyst here in the food markets. is it related to the crisis or is there what we see now has already accumulated, yes, it has clearly accumulated. uh, this situation is getting worse and worse. i want to give you two numbers that are really, uh, very, very specific . what is the situation in the tenth year , the total volume of grain imports around the world amounted to 270 million tons plus or minus. yes , 10 years pass, 2020 is already 660 million. during this
11:18 pm
period, the world's population increases by 14%. but the fact is, we are now running towards one billion tons of imports for a reason. this is not a business. it's for survival reasons. this is because of uh food security. and i will give you another example a specific example of egypt 100 million 110 million people simonyan apartment 35 million tons of grain for those who do not understand grain i want to mention that russia annually, and the exporter of about 55 million tons of grain, russia is the number one exporter of two depending on the period. yes, that is, we are talking about colossal volumes, in addition, 35 million tons of grain for egypt today. this is 55 million tons. this is fifty-five percent of
11:19 pm
the country's total consumption. imagine you are the president of the country and more than half. moreover, this figure, which more than half of what your people cannot eat in the country is constantly growing. that is, you are already on the internet from the world market, this is all so critically dependent, and there was already such a warning of historical days only to egypt, but to everyone, but to humanity in the eleventh year, and in september, in my opinion, the tenth year, russian president medvedev suddenly suddenly closes exports of the earth. do you remember in february, president mubara to lose power. it's not only because of this, but it was the impetus , now a new era begins, this is the era of war. between importing countries. why, and
11:20 pm
the list of which, uh, which is increasing here 4 years ago, pakistan, which has always been able to produce all the food that is consumed is consumed. today has already entered the club of importing countries. uh and now begins, until the fight is soon a war from those who have this food and looks at those for whom it is or business, a matter of survival. they say that there is food everyone wants this food, but here a new question opens. this is a question of sovereignty. which will not only the financial cost of this guarantee, received food, and there will be conditions and so on, so i am in various articles that i write and speeches. i've already started talking about food. sovereign. because i expect a fairly
11:21 pm
large number of cases where the country will have to give up many elements of its sovereignty in order to provide, and the volumes that are needed. in the sixty-third year , a drought occurred in the soviet union. by december , the country had harvested 20% less grain. the year before the cataclysm affected and the socialist countries of eastern europe , crop failure threatened with an acute shortage of bread. the soviet government decided to buy 12 million tons of grain from the usa and canada, giving over 400 tons of gold for it, such volumes were necessary not only for domestic consumption, but also to help the fraternal socialist countries, the hungarian leader. yana shkader. he has already started negotiations with washington, and in purchases without the participation of the ussr, moscow decided to play ahead of the curve and prevent the loss of face since then the ussr annually bought bread overseas.
11:22 pm
although smaller volumes in the seventy-fifth year , the soviet union and the united states entered into a long-term contract for the annual supply of eight million tons of grain in the seventy-ninth ministry of agriculture. the economy allowed the ussr to sell another 17 million tons in excess for the coming years, but after the entry of soviet troops into afghanistan, president carter announced the termination of the contract. he promised that soviet grain would be bought by the state from american farmers at market prices. it was only part of a whole package of sanctions among them a new restriction on the sale high technologies, all joint cultural economic events were frozen, and soviet ships were forbidden to fish in the waters of the united states, which significantly reduced the catch in the ussr, but did not help the american
11:23 pm
sanctions strategy, which was fully supported only by great britain western europe agreed only to a grain embargo , which just did not achieve its goal price policy of american farmers, the us government spent more than $ 2 billion to buy their products. an unpopular decision affected the presidential elections of the eighties. carter's action was criticized by his rival and future president . and the soviet troops in troubled afghanistan for another 8 years. please tell me, but this is like a question. yes, i understand it is very political, but still quantitative indicators play a very important role here. and speaking of quality, sense, as arranged, in general, the international trading system. uh, food and compare it to what it was. well, for example, 50
11:24 pm
years ago, where is this heading? well, look 50 years ago, trade was more regional yes 50 100 years ago, but e grain from argentina was not taken to pakistan or religion. now what is happening, how, as a formed market, there is a figuratively cartel oligopoly of eight large trading houses or companies, yes, which in fact specialized in the literature is called and bcd yes, it's bungy hag or whatever, they control about 80-85% of the e market. that is the grain trade, but there is a very important nuance here, these big companies are not strong. the first is ali creators of information. they control literally all information among themselves, and therefore, instead of
11:25 pm
combining supply and demand, the market would give the necessary signals so that manufacturers could adapt their behavior accordingly. uh, uh, the level of risk of their products and so on, as there is no demand for this. there are these companies that form the market and which gives one signal to the top of the manufacturer that no one wants to abstinence difficult and now the policy does not give and prices are falling, and the second point, which is very important is logistics today, when you read literature, but in world grain trading. eh, more and more appears what is called smartestik, smart logistics for the same in fact. e about when you buy or the government? egypt buys grain already sivkair uh half, if not more, uh, the cost of this grain is not
11:26 pm
its production. i am her production. this it's logistics and logistics is a very big problem, because it's actually on the planet. there is a huge potential to feed more and more people, but you understand, to feed is not to produce. and this is quite a big deception that he himself and other similar companies started that a new technology will make it possible to produce more. this is absolutely not true. uh, especially that let 's grow more in perm, uh, this finnish region, but from there this grain will reach the quarry. today, two phenomena, two problems, and already the problem is that the demand reaches a level that does not give. great liquidity and very interesting, i read a video a day ago that according to the egyptian plan. uh, the government did not get
11:27 pm
3.2 million tons of grain, this is terrible. this is a very, very dangerous signal, actually in the market. and uh, so it's a real problem and the second problem is that now, uh, the market is losing its efficiency, its transparency, because now it's starting to get very politically manipulated. you see, from until september, egypt lives on stocks that it itself produces during the import season - this september to march, more or less was february at the peak of imports. egypt has enough storage infrastructure for two to three weeks. everything is great. they say you are lovers of free markets, but there are constant so -called dissipations. yes, when something is violated, a violation of the system plan, yes, which
11:28 pm
is a few years ago, when it was 2-3 years ago, some kind of evergreen to throw some kind of ship, a military channel. well, who could this is the problem between russia and ukraine and russia and the west. in fact, this is not the cause of the problems. it's just an accelerator. uh, disaster, but disaster is inevitable. you don't have to wait for someone to help you. i solved your problem and it's very interesting now that the new uh event is the announcement of the merger of god's huge american and e witter batteries. so history. there was a very interesting historical bunga here. by the way, these eddie uh bcd these eight uh hmm traders, mostly with an american, yes, that is, they really understand, they put the tk correctly, they work. e is not only to
11:29 pm
make money, but it is a huge tool of influence. we need to understand this, but if bungi was and remains one of the most. uh, the biggest grain traders in the world bunk about 25 years ago felt that more profits were in processing. including us extra products, and therefore, uh, most of the profits uh, came from precisely uh , the oilseed processing process, but now this new situation is opening up, from which i am talking, and what to do more understands that they are a little lacking. epilation in different markets to trade, because now the fight for sourcing will be
11:30 pm
bloody ah. they that they take witters, who have a lot, who are purely such a trader who is equipped up to, and bungee, uh, in their ability to bargain and not bargain is not the key word here is not trading, but access to volume and again those countries that need it most of all do nothing yet. well, it sounds like a real thriller. we will definitely invite you to continue in the fall, because the theme is gigantic and wild and interesting. thank you very much. our guest was mikhail orlov food security is a complex phenomenon from war and peace to climate recent changes food is the main topic in europe and asia, the temperature is breaking records. it will be something else. from the fire from the fire to the frying pan, the work of the australian artist peter is an extremely expressive image of the
5 Views
IN COLLECTIONS
Russia-24 Television Archive Television Archive News Search ServiceUploaded by TV Archive on