hello on the air international review in the studio fedor lukyanov today in the program international review events a week of chronicles facts comments what is discussed at the russia africa summit cooperation by mutual agreement?

the nature of modern warfare that the conflict in ukraine showed eastern europe and the window of opportunity extraordinary one of the ideologists of the struggle for the liberation of africa in the middle of the last century hangs in leningrad in the summer of the sixty-first inspired to build socialism excursions to the cruiser aurora smolny where the great lenin worked and to the elektrosila plant how the working class of krum lives once was delighted that the city was named after the leader of the world proletariat, the head of the african

union, azalea sumani. he is the president of the amur islands for 62 years. later i remembered that st. petersburg bears the name of peter the great, the builder, as he said, the beautiful northern venice and europe reproaches centrism the second russia-africa summit took place in an atmosphere of acute international tension. not only does the military-political crisis between russia and the west affect the whole world, but in africa , as specifically on the eve of the coup event in nigeria, and on the first day, rumors of clashes between rwanda and the democratic republic of the congo continent by middle age is young hot. the african continent is one of the fastest growing and youngest in terms of population in the world. it accounts for almost 1/5 of all inhabitants of the earth and every third born on the planet.

they say that by the end of the century, it is the countries of africa that will provide more than half of the growth of the entire population of the earth, if in the sixties before the continent lived less than 300 million people, then today it is almost 1.5 billion. that is , twice as much as in europe, and by 2050 this figure. could double even if africa's birth rate declines substantially in the near future, as long as the continent's birth rate is the highest in the world. in the world, on average , there are more than 4 children per woman in nigeria, and somalia, even in the conditions of civil war, five and 2/10. and in nigeria, six and seventy-fifths against this background , there is an exponential growth of young. the population today, the average age of the inhabitants of the continent is less than 19 years, and in a number of countries only 15, according to un forecasts, by 2100

the population of the continent will cross the mark of 4 billion people and young people from africa will make up half of the world's youth. as a result, the boom in the birth rate and the decline mortality rate in american countries. against this background, the problems of hunger, lack of fresh water and ethnic conflicts and migrations are growing, anxiety is growing, and in the countries of the old world , according to the eu border agency frontax , in less than six months, the penetration of illegal immigrants into the eu through the central mediterranean sea increased by almost 300% compared to last year. mostly. these are middle-class people from african countries whose enough savings to pay illegal conductors about 3,000 euros for crossing to europe

the summit showed working with africa is difficult, but necessary difficult, because there are many internal squabbles and external rivalry, but it is necessary because this is the most important part of the world due to which it will grow population growth , economy and self-awareness are impressive great forum. russia as both a fairer option, since driving the introduction of one's policy in russia is what the african has always been looking for, that is, which are justified by mutual respect, that is, they fit in the cartoon police respect and

in general respect even the choice of simply building in westerners some other then there are other desires to always re-educate people will teach people how to kill? because to beat, as they are, it is also good, but in fact it is the soviet past, but in africa it has not been forgotten. everyone remembers. what a positive role russia played in the history of ethiopia saved us with its military support. there is a deep understanding of russia, support on an emotional level, and the russians realize that you need to go much more actively. it is more reliable to be friends with him, so it comes

out. and it’s nice to hear from russia, but you shouldn’t deceive yourself with moscow’s policy, not everyone supports it, but there is another point, whether or not russia is right, it is considered the antipode of the united states and the west . well, look at a recent example african heads of state prepare for africa summit the us african union has a clear attitude towards unilateral sanctions. he strongly rejects them. this, by the way, is the main organization of the continent, uniting everyone, and literally on the eve of the meeting, the americans announce we are introducing new sanctions against zimbabwe. although the african union clearly spoke out against it. well, it’s impossible, we ’ll talk to you, but we’ll still do what we want, because we have power, money, and you will have to fix it. it won’t work that way , he claims that supporters of a change of power in

nigerians waved the tricolor and portraits of the russian president, as before , the kremlin was not behind the coup, as they immediately suspected in france , it simply represents an alternative for the locals. people came out to protest against the us policy that supported the rebels in ethiopia with russian flags and portraits of putin because they know who is always on the side of the ethiopian people and this caused shock and monuments for western embassies, and there are a lot of them. this is the headquarters of the african union in africa. according to the us geological survey, about a third of the world's mineral resources are concentrated in the bowels of the continent there are more than half of the world's reserves of cobalt rich deposits of gold, diamonds, bauxites, phosphorites and rare earth metals necessary for

the development of high-tech industry africa has large reserves of ore, including almost all extracted raw materials and fuel are exported to economically developed countries, a significant part of promising territories has not been explored and the continent annually loses about 200 billion dollars of natural capital due to illegal mining. although africa takes up one-fifth of the land for successful agriculture. less than half of the continent's land is usable over the past decade, the combined gdp of the 54 countries in the americas has grown. one and a half times and last year reached almost $ 3 trillion, this was partly influenced by the demographic factor , according to analysts' forecasts, by 2040 africa will be home to the world's largest working-age population, according to research by the munich institute

economic research in the next 2 years , the most significant gdp growth will be observed in east central and west africa as well as in south and southeast asia, while europe and the us will grow at the slowest pace. among the others. economics. the economic growth of the continent is likely to exceed the global forecast and real gdp will be 4% instead of the estimated 2.5%. once again, the african countries from the divoire and fief and tanzania return to the top ten fastest growing economies in the world. africa's sympathy for russia and the former antipathy metropolitan countries does not negate pragmatism in making a geopolitical choice and going to the barricades for it is not enough. who is ready, however, calculations of integrity, not always antonyms south africa does not need to refuse any of

the partners to take a position in someone's favor , history has taught us that it is not joining. that's right, norms, there's a gigantic pressure for her to choose a side now, but we're not going to do that. we want to maintain and strengthen trade and economic relations with everyone. we have a small economy and simply do not have the right rely only on certain specific partners. yes, but you still have to make strategic choices. the world is changing , becoming a lot polarized, but it is definitely unstable. you do not know who will be stronger in the next stage? so what, we are always with russia and russia has always been with us when we needed. this is not a matter of current conjuncture, but of principles, even if we are under pressure, in the meantime, the plot of our kenyan author, how good bees help from evil elephants, or vice versa. in general, about the connection with nature. in

in woy county, which is surrounded by national parks, the conflict between man and wildlife has escalated , local residents are suffering from elephants who raid their farms in search of food and water. jones mu wakama, from the village of kajira , was forced to sell one of his firms because he could not protect it from unusual vandals. i started farming back in 2013 . then the elephants were not so aggressive and for human activities. many elephant migration routes were blocked and they started invading our servers in 2013 year. john moved from the maqam to the nest of elephants in the hope of securing his farm, but this was not enough, the elephants continued to visit him to trample and eat the crop, then the british charity save the elephons offered help. to protect the crops from elephants, experts proposed to build beehives along the perimeter of the farm, carp cubes are huge

mammals with thick skin, but on their body there is an area with soft tissues, vulnerable to stings during an attack, bees usually sting in the head the idea is to place the hives meters apart and run a wire between them that when touched. i would shake them because of which the bees would fly out and attack the elephants, according to the farmer, the bee fence and almost 100% effective. the agent has been a long time since the last time an elephant came to my farm , out of two hundred, only one dared to come close to the crops, judging by the records of local farmers, elephants no longer go to farms where there are bee hives, it is believed that in the aggressive behavior of the elephants is blamed on the growing population, which invades the territory of the animals and provokes them, but the wakama farmer blames everything on the devastating drought, which affects not only animals, but also people. mostly elephants

come from farms. in search of corn, even in the rainy season, when they already have plenty of food. i think they find it more nutritious they go from farm to farm even if they are a few miles apart 53 years she has six children and has also taken up beekeeping in this way way. she hopes to protect her farm, her income is directly dependent on the harvest, despite the regular invasion of elephants. she does not want and cannot give up farming come, but i do not give up and continue to farm. despite the difficulties, the farmer makes sure that the hives are in good condition and regularly arranges scheduled checks of the bees indeed. helped us to scare away the elephants. in addition, we received additional income from the sale of honey, in late autumn and early winter , depending on the nature of the precipitation

elephants, intensifies this is an extremely unfortunate and dangerous time for farmers who are looking forward to the harvest during this period , other means come to the rescue. i built a tall watchtower. the elephant is scared thinking it is some kind of big animal and stays away from the need to scare away the elephants. jones also uses a kind of gun that he fires from the watchtower. he has been working on it for many years. elephants get used to the noise over time to keep them away. i came up with this tool out of tin cans and a flashlight, as soon as the elephants approach the farm. i shine a light on them and then i start making noise. i don't leave. here it is, and yet the elephants do not back down, so sometimes farmers are forced to take up animal husbandry and switch to growing crops that animals do not like, such as chili peppers and sunflowers. now i am engaged in alternative cultivation of sunflower.

i sell it to the company, i also grow beans. i hope they don't attract elephants. unpredictable weather conditions and drought annually devastate the country or even increase conflict between humans and wildlife, but branded in kaji or managed to find a way out to help. they had the smallest creation in the ecosystem bees ensured the peaceful coexistence of farmers and elephants and prevented the destruction of crops, the killing of elephants and the death of people. after advertising, bees and elephants, but figuratively we will move to eastern europe the brigade commander here is valery pavlovich gorshkov and we have been friends since 2003 since december, when did we still drive gelaev's gang? there was a time, but it's in the past, and today

the real one. here she is.

cossacks lyuba lord did rollovers went in the attack of attention, putin and alexander lukashenko the first polish state was formed in 960 under the rule of the prince of the sack of the first of the dynasty, the piasts, he converted to christianity according to the latin rite 28 years before the baptism of russia, his son completed the process of forming the country. he conquered considerable territories and became the first king of poland in the middle of the 11th century. the last representative of the dynasties. casimir the third seized the lands of the galicia-volyn principality and began to call himself the king of poland and russia in 1569. the union of lublin united poland with the grand duchy of lithuania into a single state better known as the commonwealth, it was located on the territory of modern poland lithuania ukraine belarus russia latvia and moldova it was a large country with a large population in poland this period is called the golden age. but further in

the period from 1772. until 1795, the kingdom of prussia ertz, the duchy of austria and the russian empire three times divided the commonwealth as a result of the third partition of poland for 123 years, disappeared altogether from geographical maps later, napoleon bonaparte created the principality of warsaw, dependent on france, on the lands of prussia; more of it, by decision of the congress of vienna, became part of russia as the kingdom of poland. during world war i, this territory was occupied by german and hungarian troops after the war. it also became the core of the new polish state of the second polish-lithuanian commonwealth, which was led by yuz philosophical plans to recreate poland in the tombs of the golden age led to the soviet-polish war, as a result, the treaty of riga was signed,

according to which poland withdrew the former parts of the russian empire of western ukraine and western belarus on september 1, 39. hitler's germany attacked poland , world war ii began, the polish government fled to london and the soviet union annulled all treaties and agreements concluded with it western ukraine and western belarus entered composition of the ussr poland regained its independence only in the forty-fifth, becoming the polish people's republic under the rule of the communists, following the results of the potsdam conference , a significant part of the territory of germany was ceded to it main part of east prussia a. also, all the lands to the east of inessa's strike became polish free, the city of dansang, gdansk and the large port of shteksten, renamed szczecin. let us ask our good friend historian aleksey miller alekseevich, if we look at history, to what extent the polish state is generally

characterized by exponentialism. the history of the century state it was the political empire of the 18th century. that is, where it could expand at the end of the 18th century, this state ceased to exist and until before the first world war. there was no polish state. at this time, we can say that the elites were in a certain sense revanchist, that is, the slogan that determined their political position was the slogan, and the borders of 1772, that is, to restore the rzeczpospolice. what was she like before the partition? then, at the beginning of the 20th century, when

some opportunities for the prospects for the polish state in poland began to open up, a very tough dispute unfolds, and between supporters of the borders of 1772, somewhat rethought can be supporters of nation- state building. interwar poland actually did this in a sense, but she took it. what could it be in a dispute with lithuania lvov lvov in a dispute with ukrainians, grodno well, there

was no one to argue with at all, especially, but the greek world, of course, when right before the second world war they had the opportunity to take part in undressed, czechoslovaks, i didn’t participated. and after the second world war , it was generally a state with very limited sovereignty, which was tailored just under the national state, that is, as a result of the displacement not only of the borders to the west, but also of the population, and of the population exchanges , the ukrainians were sent to the soviet union e, the poles from e, the territory that passed through the soviet union was sent, and the germans were expelled to poland. in general, this turned out to be a national state and, uh, after their dependence on moscow ended, a. i

don't think they're going to revisit it. and he refuses this, that is, and now they have, uh, uh, what we can call territorially, there are no acquisitions. uh, they want to project influence to the east, but not to acquire new lands, and with them new problems, and the territory that was ceded to the ussr and then to ukraine, they have some special meaning for the poles for several decades after the second world war in exile , and there was a dispute between polyakov, which, of course, influenced the minds of people in poland itself how to relate to these lands. do you still need to? uh, this revanchist logic, but we won’t give up lvov we won’t give up, grodno we won’t give up the guilt, a and hmm miroshevsky were

like that, and two ideologists of polish immigration, who said no, we must forget about it. we must recognize the border as it is now, but instead we must try to build some kind of alliance union system in the future with these peoples who are between the russians and the poles and this security belt. if they are with us, then we will be safe from the russians will not be with us, then the danger will be all the time. actually between the world wars.

the poles also worked very actively with politicians from the territory, and they called those who belonged to the soviet union promethean action. what were they? not only those who are right behind their eastern border but also, for example, georgian azerbaijani politicians this was an important component of their politics. the well-known polish statesman marshal of yuzeffildsky wanted to expand the second edition of the commonwealth to the entire territory between the baltic and black seas in a new association called the interdomurie , in addition to poland itself, ukraine , belarus, the entire baltic, as well as yugoslavia , hungary, romania and czechoslovakia, this led to at the beginning of the polish-soviet war, the plans of the opilsudsky were not implemented, but under the terms of the peace of riga concluded

in 1921, under the rule of poland , a significant territory of western ukraine and western belarus was settled by non-poles. materials of the american analytical agency stranfor in connection with poland's active support of georgia during the august 2008 war, according to the wikilex website. at sea was mentioned in emails almost 400 times, and since 2012, stratford began to use this term publicly, its founder george friedman wrote that poland should have distanced itself from the eu and form a bloc with the rest of the countries of central and eastern europe in 2016 in croatian dubrovnik, a new alliance , an initiative of the three seas, a concept of cooperation between countries, arose located in the region between the baltic black and the adriatic

seas was nominated by the polish president. duda golem later in warsaw at the second themselves all these organizations donald trump said that the united states seek to provide more access to alternative energy sources so that its neighbors are never again held hostage to a single energy supplier. so the mezhduriye became a common polish american project for the supply of liquefied gas to europe 2 months before the start of the russian special operation in ukraine , bartosz barczak, columnist for the polish-sochi newspaper, called on warsaw to recreate the former power of the commonwealth at the expense of russian spheres of influence, according to the author, thanks to the clash between russia and usa appeared at warsaw a unique chance to squeeze moscow out of its spheres of influence in belarus and ukraine in february 2022, 5 days before the start of the special operation

, mark brzezinski, the youngest son with brzezinski's bigniv, became the us ambassador to poland, who announced the construction of more than 100 military facilities in the next 10 years.

as a very young man, he joined the ukrainian galician army. there, they were trained as scouts for saboteurs. and, of course, from