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hello. kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this program is a typical novorossiya, our name says it all, we are talking about the territory that has returned to its historical roots , he is armed with the help of a careful look at history. we will try to reveal the originality of her present day and find typical features and recognizable signs of the past. and that's what we'll talk about today. how in the steppes, kherson, tomatoes and bell peppers appeared, the fruits of the migration of peoples, that the bulgarian colonists gave new russia a conversation with an expert of the program

, a competitor of odessa and taganrog how the seaport was built in mariupol still inhabit this territory today in the mountains, their large-scale migration to the russian empire began during the russian-turkish wars in the reign of catherine the great, under turkish oppression, bulgarian settlers fled to southern bessarabia, the current odessa region and transnistria, the then governor-general of the region, the duke would have decided to call them incomparable for their ability to work in the difficult steppe climate, and the bulgarians played the helm in the fate of the bulgarians, who at the beginning of the 19th century became governor bessarabia. he achieved for them the same benefits as for the german settlers favored by empress catherine founded for refugees, the city of bolgrad, today the regional center in odessa areas. having learned about the death of the general in 1845

, the elders of all bulgarian colonies filed a petition at their own expense to transfer the ashes of the deceased from odessa to bolgrad. the cemetery is a special tomb all the way from odessa to bolgrad. for about 200 km, the coffin with the body of the invazov was carried by the bulgarians on their shoulders with the lapel of the cemetery fence to the very tomb, as a sign of special respect, the porters moved on their knees. the second wave of resettlement of the bulgarians began after the crimean war of 1853-56, losing it, russia lost that part of bessarabia where they lived the bulgarians annexed it to the moldavian principality, then the colonists decided to move to a new land. in novorossiya. at that time , there was a colonization of the azov steppes of the tauride province of the current kherson and zaporozhye

regions on the gai people, who roamed here, along with part of the crimean tatars, went to turkey. bulgarians were successful farmers and gardeners. they were able to take their place and turn the lifeless steppes. in the granary for resettlement , the bulgarian refugees received from russia 214,000 land money courts. for a farm bread for each member of the family until the new harvest, and we will also pay benefits for 8 years. the bulgarians quickly got used to the southern steppes, having become acquainted with the rational economy of the german colonists, following their example, they began to sow several varieties of wheat and rye at once, which was rare in novorossia, set up orchards and vineyards, but the main profit was brought by vegetable gardens under the hot sun of tavria the bulgarians began to grow not only watermelons and holes, but

also planted for the first time, cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, cabbage and, of course, sweet peppers, which are here they called the bulgarians about the trace the bulgarians left in the history of novorossia in the story of anna efimova the village of stepanovka, not far from melitopol, historically the absolute majority of the population here are ethnic bulgarians, many houses are over a hundred years old olga gazova heads the local bulgarian community, as usual, came to visit her big family. the reception is always a warm, rich, laid table, vegetables, cheeses, and the traditional bulgarian holiday pie milina was prepared especially for the arrival. a lot, but more dear here is our mother my father is from this village of stepanovka from baghdad.

that is, i have relatives there, here i have relatives, it can be said that all bulgarians know each other. olga is her large family, grandmothers, aunts and cousins, immigrants from bessarabia , their ancestors settled on these lands back in the second half of the 19th century. after the result of the russian-turkish war, bessarabi ended up under the rule of the puppet moldavian principality, and in fact the ottoman empire, then many bulgarians decided to move here under the azov steppes under protection crowns of the russian empire. here the soil was very fertile, thousands of hectares of unclaimed land and there was water. all in all. well, all that is needed for us hardworking people is cultivating grapes, raising livestock and, of course, gardening in the summer, the air of this village, like hundreds of other bulgarian settlements, is saturated. as a sailor, these flowers are a symbol and, one might even say, a brand of the modern state of bulgaria here in new russia to roses, a special attitude, as well as to

needlework, which from time immemorial distinguished the bulgarian craftsmen's diaper, my grandmother. for me, this diaper is 65 years old. in this house. valentina sivova, was born and raised a lot of utensils and home textiles, the finest handmade work made by the hands of her grandmothers and aunts, maybe that's why she is so attached to her family nest to leave, which was not forced by the confusion and vacillation of 2014, not by the ongoing hostilities. i'm home. these are my children, if they knew what a good village we had, a collective farm, rich, there were farms for young people, there was beauty now, in connection with this situation, everything is collapsing. my heart hurts when, after the coup d'etat in kiev, it was decided that the results of the maidan should be accepted by all

other regions of ukraine, as well as all their numerous peoples , many diasporas began to observe the situation from the outside, the bulgarian one is no exception, but calls for peace, mass actions against the military the escalations in the donbass went unnoticed by the non -bulgarian authorities , there was no serious discussion at a low level. after turning off the war in russia at the beginning of the beginning of historical support for ukraine and historical games of average rhetoric against russia, and after all, it was the bulgarians who once settled in the russian empire later became the founding fathers of modern bulgaria, not paradoxically, but the roots of the modern political elite. this country can and should be looked for in novorossiya,

today's bulgaria, uh, remembers and honors. yes , the fact that the majority of the elite that created this state. these were mainly representatives of the russian empire. yes, graduated from universities. there novorossiysk university e bolgradskaya gymnasium, for example, the first rector of sofia university, a native of the arab bulgarians , alexander fedorov balala, or there the first minister of defense, the creator of the drill charter, which is now still in effect. yes, so to speak, despite the entry into nato so to say bulgaria, uh, dmitry gur, yes, the general , uh, a native of chuchmeli from a small village , the shock of the twentieth century had a heavy impact on the bulgarians from the arab province, which was under the rule of the romanian invaders. relations between romania and bulgaria began to be persecuted were always tense, but the situation was aggravated even more by the historically pro-russian sentiments of the bessarabian, bolgars. if you

remember the story after the seventeenth year. hey bisarabi. went moldavian, a quarter of a principality and had 22 years of occupation. right up to the thirty- ninth year, until the whole of moldova went to the soviet union all these years. yes, not only the beam, but also the rest of the emotions were heavy, there were repressions, there were bullying, and therefore, when it passed, and the soviet union changed. in general, they were loyal, which means the soviet system and made a career and quietly assimilated. but with the azov bolgs, it became quite difficult for the reason that right next to them, raising cities to the donbass and kryvbas. a lot of people talk. they worked there. they are vikare there.

here, after the centuries-old oblivion of the ottoman igor and the struggle for others, russia helped to restore statehood to bulgaria in the 19th century and until 1991 and the collapse of the new soviet empire. the bulgarians were divided notorious administrative boundaries. most , unexpectedly for them, became residents of the odessa region of ukraine, about a third of the inhabitants of moldova, but separated and isolated, in spite of everything they continued to maintain contact with their culture. i want to say first of all. i want peace, so that there is peace, so that everyone is alive and healthy, and so that our village and my children, my grandchildren, i want one of the grandchildren to stay and live in this house. here is my

future. i want to see all this and with such an unshakable faith, peace will definitely come on this earth anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova is a typical new russia. oh, what a mark in the history of novorossia, the bulgarian colonists and settlers left, we will talk with our permanent expert , historian, political scientist alexander vasiliev. sasha good afternoon sasha bulgarian colonists arrive in the 19th century on the territory of novorossiya. how much did they feel like pioneers or for many of them it was a kind of return to the origins, after all, but it is believed that one of the possible ones about the homeland of the bulgarian ethnic group. it's just north the black sea coast in the second half of the 19th century in bulgaria itself and there was a very serious discussion on the topic of the actual origin of the bulgarian people, because they are not a simple story a and uh, here in 1912 uh in

the south of the poltava province. this, in general, is how little russia was made, an outstanding archaeological find, the so-called prishchepinsky treasure. e, there, e, a small thing was pinned down, and here the richest was found with a huge amount of gold jewelry. already a horse bridle, there and so on and so forth. and here this is what archaeologists call the treasures of khan kubrat according to certain signs, so to speak, there, yes, they identified it as things that belonged to the khan of great bulgaria, known from written sources, which, respectively, uh, in these steppe territories. really. uh, located , you see, uh, in. the hermitage is now located a and is. well, such one of the brightest such gems of the archaeological collection here is in medieval items. and that's why indeed, this is the discussion she is, well received such material let's say. so the embodiment is very popular this topic. e in bulgarian historiography. yes, these

eastern roots are now retrospective. we can say that when bulgarian settlers began to come from behind the bottom, and in the 18th century in the 19th century. this is some kind of element of returning to some kind of homeland of the bulgarian territory, yes, you can say so with what mood the bulgarians went in the 19th century to the desert lands of novorossiya, what did they give in general, uh, in this sense, like , uh, colonists, like people who have learned these steppes, and that russia gave to the bulgarians, the colonists, received excellent conditions for government subsidies of various kinds of assistance. uh, they could possibly have an incredible career. we know russian right up to the generals. hmm, of bulgarian origin, not a single such example of novorossiya played a huge role in the future national revival of bulgaria, because, for example, when the imperial russian university was founded in odessa, the

idea was already laid in it that it would somehow become as they said a school not only for the whole of new russia, but also for orthodox bulgarians and various beings and educational institutions, and in nikolaev there was a special educational institution in which the majority of students were e, bulgarians and e. v. odessa had different social guardianship committees. close institutions for the aid society, the south, that is, e, it was the concentration, as it were, of the personnel resource of the human financial resource , which, but helped the bulgarians to braid independence and develop the national culture, which, of course, well, it’s impossible to overestimate, generally assimilated it diaspora. it somehow spread throughout belarus, or, like the greeks, the bulgarians lived compactly. yes, but many observers are generally the first such hmm attempt to somehow comprehend these bulgarian colonies. this was undertaken by the historian to the odessa history of kopon, which he calls the herodotus of the novorossiysk territory. here he wrote, he is such

a closed isolation, and bulgarian settlers and, indeed, even until recently, even bulgarian researchers came. ah, scholarly philologists. here in these bulgarian villages. yes, here is bessarabia in the first place queue not only in the zaporizhia region, and because some were preserved there. very conservative features and linguistic cultural, which are already in the territory of e, cinnamon of the big land are lost. yes, that's why, of course, such a closed, peculiar, she was present, but it did not interfere. i repeat to those who wanted to make a career. i wanted to integrate into russian society. uh , so, but to develop, that is, here, uh, the process in this sense, but it was such a dual one, as fate developed, bulgarian, diaspora ukrainian times. and what now? uh, uh, the bulgarian diaspora in novorossia, of course, is a big problem, but it caused ukrainization. yes, that is , the bulgarian population treated it extremely negatively, you can say so.

guaranteed to say yes, but that the transition to let's say even the russian population had an easier transition. there are some documents in circulation for some such official moments that the state demanded long before the xiv or fourth year. but uh, in the bulgarian environment, i directly met a very serious one, of course, but confrontation is necessary one more thing to say is that the bulgarian government worked very actively. with this diaspora and, for example, in bessarabia, i would say that there is a significantly small amount. e, representatives of these bulgarian e enclaves. yes, they had passports. uh, they got bulgarian passports , yes, that's right, it's completely in the schengen zone. these are everes union passports. this allowed them to work there and leave. and very many left before all the events. yes, and even and the president of e bulgaria and when from zelensky to he came to ask for a weapon. yes , remember messi between them, this turned out to be a very tough island like that. krovka and this

happened literally radiv then made such an even focused on the fact that she was ending the war. so to speak , move on to the peace process, and in his speech this note was sounded that they fall from the mobilization, and our salsa native bulgarians die there. yes , as he put it, and naturally. this caused a very, uh, such a negative reaction from zelensky, and uh, it’s kind of necessary to understand that this is not just some verbal skirmish. the fact is that in ukraine the administrative reform around the opinion of the region was justified and the bulgarians really wanted everyone in bessarabia to be hunted by these villagers. well , this is an administrative unit, as it used to be the western part of odessa and the danube. a and. uh, as it used to be, so to speak, under the russian empire, since it was a separate administrative unit, very tough resistance. kiev kiev, on the contrary, tried. to say the borders of this enclave

is the capital, which is the city of bolgrad. yes cut it literally there into 2-3 parts , stretch it, so that in no case will there be any consolidation. that is, it is clear. the emphasis on simulation is clear. eh, feeling. that's the nationalist regime in kiev is not the loyalty of this population. yes, that's well, of course, uh, despite some protests even there official, which means the bulgarian government, nevertheless , negative processes, they continue today. thanks sasha it was very interesting. having received full control over the sea of ​​azov at the end of the 18th century, russia actively developed not only was fishing here and local years were rich, but also merchant shipping . the main commodity in the 19th century was grain

; it was taken to europe through the ports of taganrog, berdyansk and mariupol. the mariupol port was located on the kalmius river, which flowed into the sea of ​​​​azov, the river was shallow and it was entered here, only with a small draft and a carrying capacity of up to 30 tons, such a ship could hold from 20 to 30 vases, not so much in terms of the number of ships that called and cargo turnover. mariupol was seriously inferior to taganrog, berdyansk and kerch. in 1882 , the construction of the railway to mariupol was completed, except for grain. donbass coal began to be transported, the rapid industrialization of novorossia needed a new deep-water harbor. its construction began in 1886 and was completed in 3 years on the day of the grand opening. again

, the first 18 wagons with coal were shipped from the pier, and after 10 years on azov, few could compare with the mariupol port in terms of technical equipment and cargo transshipment volume. skadovsk, hygienic berdyansk taganrog and novorossiysk were clearly losing this competition. in 2022, mariupol added to the register of russian seaports. work has already been carried out to survey the territory, and the mine danger has been removed. currently, restoration work is underway in the harbor of 22 berths, of which 14 are in working condition, the water area has a great depth of 8 m. olga mokhovaya god willing, time and strength, i will take

up the construction of a seaport in mariupol and , along with a cool railway, along with the renewed azov fleet. he can become the envy of the rest of the world. what russian industrialist savva mamontov and a new one appeared, and the former center of plague, mariupol became the largest port city of the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov, so that rigging and large motor ships and sea vessels could come here, it was necessary to dig a fairway. and this grand building giant forwarder at the bottom of the sea of ​​azov was a breakthrough in a new deeper. the port could already enter here with a draft of more than 4 m. modern mooring walls were built here. and even coal dumpers, which made it possible to immediately reload in three, the ship that arrived by rail into wagons with donbass

coal. the port should not be the port of the city of mariupol, but a port for the entire south of russia for the industrial and grain coal regions. new mariupol port and proximity to it of donetsk coal and kerch iron ore significantly simplified logistics. both domestic industrialists and foreign belgians are building a metallurgical plant here. russian-provisance americans are another metallurgical plant with a pipe welding shop and nikopol, mariupol , the cities of the northern black sea region, and, above all, odessa, get the opportunity for cheaper heating. first task. it was necessary to win the competition with english coal on the domestic market and thanks to the port of mariupol. this struggle was successful for the donetsk miners according to the most attachment. the port of mariupol became the third of the russian empire, and by the end of the 19th century, by the end of the 19th century, it almost caught up with the odessa october revolution and the civil war

plunged it into ruin for 6 years, but by the beginning of the great patriotic war, by 1941, the port in terms of cargo transshipment significantly exceeded the scale of the pre-revolutionary period it was successfully. we are implementing one of the projects of socialist industrialization. this is the construction of the azovstal plant, which was also built on the shores of the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov, and in parallel, i note that it was the only metallurgical plant in the ussr , which in its structure had its own seaport, the port of the azovstal plant , the mariupol port could receive and load here all year round, thanks to its own icebreaker kapitan belousov, the only one on the sea of ​​azov in the soviet years. up to 4,000 people worked here. the life of the city and the harbor were closely intertwined at the local plant of heavy engineering in the current azov, they launched the production of portal cranes, and we ship repaired oil and garbage

collectors and various floating structures on its territory is the only one in the sea of ​​azov. it was very long with a carrying capacity of 15,000 tons. he is able to repair here. almost a hundred and fifty ships of large displacement that sailed to 52 countries of the world were assigned to the port of mariupol, the collapse of the soviet union led to catastrophic losses by 2008 , only 33 ships remained in independent ukraine, and after some time the azov shipping company actually began to exist only on paper transshipment cargoes were now handled by ships of other countries, leaving a city without additional income, taking into account the specifics of the azov e-e of the mariupol port and, well, in general, the basin of the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov. e hmm mariupol won, because hmm the capacity of the ukrainian domestic market for metal is much worse. e, the cargo turnover of the port was approaching 15 million dollars, steel and iron from the power plants

of the donbass and in. the first turn of mariupol the second is coal. uh, the third uh in terms of volume cargo. white refractory clay potash from the fourth viburnum belt - this is food after the events of 2014, the port's cargo turnover drops to 5 million tons, and in 2017, after ukraine imposed a blockade of certain areas of donbass , metal and coal from the dpr and lpr. mariupol is no longer supplied to the mariupol port today, waiting for the metallurgical industry of the city to work at full capacity, when the delivery of goods by rail from the donetsk and lugansk republics resumes for the time being. this is impossible because of the shelling of certain sections , according to experts, it will take up to half a billion rubles to restore the shipyard, but taking into account closed for russia, european shipyards will definitely restore it olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev is a typical new russia. that's all

we wanted to talk about. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. see you soon. let's return to the news review, let's start with the explosion in sergiev posad, as reported by the prosecutor's office of the moscow region, it occurred in a warehouse of pyrotechnic products, which are located on the territory of the zagorsk optical-mechanical plant, windows were broken in the houses nearby. the plant, a complete evacuation has been announced , the city administration has opened a hot telephone line to the place of emergency, the governor of the moscow region, vorobyov, has already left.