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hello. kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this is a program typical of novorossiya, our name says it all, we are talking about the territory that has returned to its historical roots with the help of a careful look at history. we will try to reveal the originality of her present day, find both typical features and recognizable

signs of the past. and that's what we'll talk about today. as in the steppes of kherson, tomatoes and bell peppers appeared, the fruits of the migration of peoples, which the bulgarian colonists gave in novorossiya a conversation with an expert of the program competitor of odessa and taganrog how the seaport was built in mariupol we continue to talk about those peoples who settled in novorossia more than 200 years ago and whose descendants still inhabit this territory today, the bulgarians. their large-scale migration to the russian empire began during the russian-turkish wars during the reign of catherine the great, so the turkish oppression bulgarian settlers fled to southern bessarabia

, the current odessa region and transnistria , the then governor-general of the region, the duke, where decided to call them incomparable for their ability to work in the difficult steppe climate, a special role in the fate of the bolgars played, who at the beginning of the 19th century became the governor of bessarabia. he achieved for them the same benefits as for the german settlers favored by the empress catherine founded for refugees, the city of volgograd today is a district center in the odessa region. upon learning of the death of the general in 1845, the elders of all bulgarian colonies filed a petition at their own expense to transfer the rights of the deceased from odessa to bolgrad. cemetery a special tomb all the way from odessa to bolgrad. for about 200 km the coffin with the body of the invazov was carried by the bulgarians on their shoulders with the lapel

of the cemetery fence. until the very tomb , a sign of special respect, the bearers moved on their knees. the second wave of resettlement of the bulgarians began after the crimean war of 1853-56, losing it, russia lost that part of bessarabia where the bulgarians lived, it was annexed to the moldavian principality, then the colonists decided to move to new lands. in novorossiya. at that time, there was a colonization under the azov steppes of the tauride in the provinces of the current kherson and zaporozhye regions, the gaytsy, who roamed here , along with part of the crimean tatars, left for turkey. bulgarians were successful farmers and gardeners. they were able to take their place and turn the lifeless steppe into a granary for the resettlement of the bulgarian refugees received from russia 214,000 ten land money courts. at

the establishments of the economy, bread for each member of the family was given a new crop. and also benefits for 8 years for paying these state duties. the bulgarians quickly settled in the southern steppes, having become acquainted with the rational farming of the german colonists, following their example, they began to sow several varieties of wheat and rye at once, which was a rarity in novorossia, set up orchards and vineyards, but the main profit came from vegetable gardens under the hot sun of tavria. bulgarians began to grow not only watermelons and holes, but for the first time plant, cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplant, cabbage and, of course , sweet pepper, which was immediately nicknamed bulgarian about the trace the bulgarians left in the history of novorossia in the plot of anna efimova

the village of stepanovka near melitopol historically, the vast majority of the population here are ethnic bulgarians. many houses are more than a hundred years old. olga gazheva leads the local bulgarian community, as usual, she came to visit her large family. the reception is always a warm, rich, laid table, vegetables, cheeses, and a traditional bulgarian holiday pie, milina, was specially prepared for the arrival. a lot of relatives. here we have my mother, who is from this village of stepanovka and father from bogdanov, that is, i have relatives there, here i have relatives, you can say that all bulgarians know each other olga and her large family, grandmothers aunts, cousins, immigrants from bessarabia, their ancestors settled on these lands in the second half of the 19th century. after the results of the russian-turkish war , bessarabi ended up under the rule of the puppet moldavian principality, and in fact the ottoman empire, then many bulgarians

decided to move here to the azov steppes under the protection of the crown of the russian empire. here the soil was very fertile, thousands of hectares of unclaimed land and there was water. in general. well all you need for us hardworking people cultivating grapes breeding livestock and, of course, gardening in the summer in the air of this village, like hundreds of other bulgarian settlements, is saturated. sailor, these flowers are a symbol and, one might even say, a brand of the modern state of bulgaria here in novorossia to roses, a special attitude, as well as to needlework, which from time immemorial distinguished the bulgarian craftsmen's diaper, my grandmother did it. for me, this diaper is 65 years old. in this house. valentina sivova, was born and raised a lot of household utensils, textiles , the finest handmade work made by her hands

grandmothers and aunts, perhaps that is why she is so attached to her family nest to leave, which did not force the confusion and vacillation of 2014, not the ongoing hostilities. i'm home. these are my children, if they knew what a good village we had, a collective farm, a rich one, there was beauty on the farm for young people, but now everything is collapsing due to this situation. and my heart aches then, after the coup d'état in kiev, they decided that the results of the maidan should be accepted by all other regions of ukraine, as well as all of them numerous peoples began to observe the situation from the outside, many diasporas , the bulgarian one is no exception, but calls for peace , mass actions against the military escalation in the donbass, went unnoticed by the non-bulgarian authorities , there was no serious discussion of the low

level of information. uh, after turning off the war in russia, at the beginning, historical support for ukraine began and historical games of average rhetoric against russia, and it was the bulgarians who once moved to the russian empire later became the founding fathers modern bulgaria is by no means paradoxical, but the roots of the modern political elite. this country can and should be looked for in novorossiya, today's bulgaria, uh, remembers and honors. yes , the fact that the majority of the elite that created this state. these were mainly representatives of the russian empire. yes, graduated from universities. there , the novorossiysk university and the bolgrad gymnasium, for example, the first rector of sofia

university, a native of the arab bulgarians , alexander fedorovna, or there the first minister of defense, the creator of the drill charter, who is now still in effect. yes, so to speak, despite the entry into nato so to say bulgaria, uh, dmitry gur, yes, the general, uh, a native of chuchmeli from a small village , the shock of the twentieth century had a hard impact on the bulgarians without the arab province was ruled by the romanian invaders. persecution began. relations between romania and bulgaria were always tense, but the situation was aggravated even more by the historically pro-russian sentiments of the bessarabian, bulgarians. if you remember the story after the seventeenth year, it went the principality of the moldavian park and there were 22 years of occupation right up to the thirty-ninth year, until the whole of moldavia went to the soviet union all these years for not only the bulgarians in the box, but also the rest of the emotions were heavy

repressions. the tortures were bullying, and therefore, when bessarabia passed into the soviet union, everything changed. they. in general, they were loyal, which means the soviet system made a career and quietly assimilated. but with the azov bolgs it became quite difficult for the reason that right next to them uplift of the city in the donbass and kryvbas. a lot of people talk. they worked there. they're in the mikri. here, after centuries of oblivion of the ottoman yoke and the struggle for others, russia helped to restore statehood to bulgaria in the nineteenth century and until 1991 and the collapse of the new soviet empire. the bulgarians found themselves divided by the notorious administrative borders. most, unexpectedly for themselves, became residents of the odessa region of ukraine

, about a third of the inhabitants of moldova isolated, in spite of everything they continued to maintain a connection with their culture. i want to say first of all. i want peace, that it be peace, that everyone be healthy, and that our village and my children, my grandchildren, i want one of the grandchildren to stay and live in this house. here is my future. i want to see all this, and with such an unshakable faith, peace will definitely come to this land. anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova is a typical novorossia. about how you left a mark on the history of novorossia, the bulgarian colonial settlers, we

let's talk with our permanent expert , historian and political scientist alexander vasiliev. sasha good afternoon. good afternoon sasha, bulgarian colonists arrive in the 19th century on the territory of novorossia. how did the pioneers feel, or for many of them it was a kind of return to the origins, because, it is believed that one of the possible ones about the homeland of the bulgarian ethnos. this is just the northern black sea region in the second half of the 19th century in bulgaria itself, and there was a very serious discussion on the topic of origin itself, and bulgarian people, because they are not an easy story. a and, a. here is another year 912 in the south of the poltava province. this is, in general, how would little russia be done, an outstanding archaeological find, the so-called, but a listed treasure. eh, there is a village, and a small pinch, and that's where the richest was found with a huge amount of gold jewelry. already a horse bridle, there and so on and so forth. but this is what

archaeologists call the treasures of khan kubrat according to certain signs, so to speak, there , uh, signs, yes, they identified it, it’s like things that belonged to the famous scribbled khan of great bulgaria, which, respectively, in these steppe territories, really located these uh, in the hermitage now are a and is. well, one of the brightest such pearls of the archaeological collection is medieval objects. and that's why indeed, this is the discussion she, well , she got such a material, let's say. so the incarnation is very popular this theme. e in bulgarian historiography. yes, these eastern roots are now retrospective. we can say that then because of the bad began to come, and in the xviii century in the xix a bulgarian settlers. this is some kind of element of returning to some algatian territories about the motherland, yes, you can say so with what mood the bulgarians went in the 19th century to the desert lands

of novorossiya, what did they give in general, uh, in this sense, like, uh, colonists, how the people who mastered these degrees, and what russia gave to the bulgarians, the colonists, received excellent conditions for government subsidies of various kinds of assistance. uh im uh, got it possible to do incredible career. we know russian right up to the generals. hmm, of bulgarian origin, not a single such example of novorossiya played a huge role in the future national revival of bulgaria, because, for example, when the imperial russian university was founded in odessa, the idea was already laid in it that it would somehow become as they said school not only for the whole of novorossia, but also for the orthodox bulgarians and various educational institutions existed, and in nikolaev there was a special educational institution, in in which most of the students were e, bulgarians and e. v. odessa had different social guardianship committees.

an honest institution for the assistance society, the south, that is, e, it was the concentration of a kind of human resource of the human financial resource , which, but helped the bulgarians to braid independence and develop the national culture, which, of course, well, cannot be overestimated, it was generally assimilated by the diaspora. it somehow spread throughout belarus, or, like the greeks, they lived compactly in bulgaria. yeah well, here are many observers in general, the first such hmm attempt to somehow comprehend these bulgarian colonies. this undertook the history of the odessa history to the poloskalkovskiy, which is called herodotus, of the novorossiysk territory. here he wrote about such isolation of isolation, and bulgarian settlers, and indeed, until recently, even bulgarian researchers, and learned philologists, came. here are the bulgarian philosophers. yes, here in bessarabia , first of all, not only the zaporozhye region, and because some were preserved there. these are very conservative traits and linguistic cultural, which are already in the territory, as

they say, the big land is lost. yes, that's why, of course, such a closed , peculiar, she was present, but it did not interfere. i repeat to those who wanted to make a career, wanted to integrate. e in russian society. e, thus, but to develop, that is, here, er, the process in this sense, but was such a dual one, as the bulgarian diaspora developed in ukrainian times. and that now the bulgarian diaspora in new russia, of course, is a big problem, but ukrainization caused it. yes, that is, here is the bulgarian the population reacted extremely negatively to it , so you can say so. guaranteed to say yes, but that the transition to let's say even the russian population had an easier transition. there are some documents in circulation for some such official moments that the state demanded long before the xiv or fourth year. but uh, in the bulgarian environment, i directly met a very serious one, of course, but the confrontation and i must also say one such feature that the bulgarian government

worked very actively. with this diaspora and, for example, bessarabia is significantly, i will say so, a very large number. e, representatives of these bulgarian e enclaves. yes, they had passports. uh, they got bogarian passports. yes, then, accordingly, this is completely the schengen zone. these are everes union passports. this allowed them to work there and leave. and very many left before all the events. yes, and even a, the president of bulgaria, and when one of the zelensky came to him to ask for weapons. yes, there with him. if you remember, between them this turned out to be very tough. blood and this happened literally. well, that's a month, two or three years. here gofrin radev then made such an even focused on the fact that she was ending the war. so to speak, move on to the peace process, and in his speech this note was sounded that they fall from mobilization, and our bulgarians, our salsa patriots, die there. yes, as he put it, and naturally. this caused a very uh

such a negative reaction from zelensky and uh, it’s kind of necessary to understand that this is not just some kind of verbal skirmish. the fact is that in ukraine, an administrative reform was justified around the opinion of the region, and the bulgarians really wanted everything in bessarabia, these villages, to be covered by one administrative unit, as was once the western part of odessa and the danube. a and. uh, as it used to be, so to speak, under the russian empire, since it was a separate administrative unit, very tough resistance. kiev kiev, on the contrary, tried again. to say the borders of this enclave is the capital, which is the city of bolgrad. yes cut it literally there on 2-3 parts to stretch it so that in no case is there any consolidation. that is, it is clear. the emphasis on simulation is clear. eh, feeling. that's the nationalist regime in kiev is not the loyalty of this population. yes, that's well, of course, uh, despite some protests there

even by the official, so, uh, the bulgarian government, nevertheless, negative processes, they continue today. thanks sasha it was very interesting. having received full control over the sea of ​​azov at the end of the 18th century, russia actively developed here. only fishing was rich in local years, but merchant shipping was the main commodity in the 19th century; grain was taken to europe through the ports of taganrog, berdyansk and mariupol. yes , grain was loaded onto ships by wagons drawn by shafts. the mariupol port was located on the kalmius river, which flowed into the sea of ​​​​azov, the river was shallow and it was entered here, only with a small draft and a carrying capacity of up to 30 tons, such a ship could hold from 20 to 30 vases, not so much

in terms of the number of ships that called and cargo turnover. mariupol was seriously inferior taganrog, berdyansk and kerch in 1882 , the construction of the railway to mariupol was completed, except for grain. maybe they got up to carry donbass coal, the rapid industrialization of novorossia needed a new deep-water harbor? its construction began in 1886 and was completed in 3 years on the day of the grand opening. again , the first 18 wagons with coal were shipped from the berth, and after 10 years on azov, few could compare with the mariupol port in terms of technical equipment and the volume of cargo transshipment skadovsk genichesk berdyansk taganrog and novorossiysk were clearly losing this competition in 2020. the second mariupol joined

the register of russian seaports . work has already been carried out to survey the territory. the mine danger has been removed. currently, restoration work is underway in the harbor of 22 berths , of which 14 are in working condition, the water area has a great depth of 8 m, according to the minister of transport of the russian federation vitaly saveliev, the port is quite serious with potential and will be completely. damn yesterday and today in mariupol port in the story of olga mokhova god willing, time and strength, i will take up the construction of a seaport in mariupol and, along with a cool railway, along with the updated azov fleet.

it can become the envy of the rest of the world, so with the light hand of the russian industrialist savva mamontov, and a new, and the former center of plague, mariupol appeared, became the largest port city of the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov, so that such smooth and large ships and sea vessels could come here was to dig the fairway. and this grand building giant format at the bottom of the sea of ​​azov was a breakthrough in a new deeper. the port could already enter here with a draft of more than 4 m. modern mooring walls were built here and even coal overturning walls, or which made it possible to immediately reload in three, a ship that arrived by rail with a wagon from donbass coal. sports should not be the port of the city of mariupol , but a port for the entire south of russia for the coal-industrial and grain regions. ports the proximity of donetsk coal and kerch iron ore to it greatly simplified logistics, domestic industrialists and foreign belgians are building a metallurgical plant here. russian about vegans,

americans are another metallurgical pipe-welding shop and nicole in mariupol , the cities of the northern black sea region and, above all, odessa, get the opportunity for cheaper heating. first task. it was necessary to win the competition with english coal on the domestic market and thanks to the port of mariupol. this struggle was successful for the donetsk mining industry in terms of the amount of investment. the mariupol port became the third in russian empire, and by the end of the 19th century, by the end of the 19th century, the odessa october revolution had almost caught up with the odessa october revolution and the civil war plunged it into ruin for 6 years, but by the beginning of the great patriotic war by 1941, the port in terms of cargo transshipment significantly exceeded the scale before the revolutionary period was successfully existing one of the socialist industrialization is the construction of the azovstal plant, which was also built on the shores of the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov, and

in parallel, i note that it was the only metallurgical plant in the ussr which in its structure had its own seaport, the port of the plant azovstan, could receive and load here all year round, thanks to its own icebreaker kapitan belousov the only one on the sea of ​​azov. soviet years. up to 4,000 people worked here. the life of the city and the harbor were closely intertwined at the local heavy engineering plant. the current azov masha has launched the production of portal cranes. it is the only one in the azov sea. was very long carrying capacity of 15,000 dollars. he is able to repair here a large displacement. almost one and a half hundred ships that sailed to 52 countries of the world were assigned to the port of mariupol, the collapse of the soviet union led to catastrophic losses by 2008,

only 33 ships remained in independent ukraine, and after some time the azov shipping company actually began to exist only on paper, they were engaged in transshipment of goods now the ships of other countries, leaving the city without additional income, taking into account the specifics azov e-e of the mariupol port and well in the whole basin of the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov. e hmm won, because the capacity of the domestic market of ukraine for metal is much worse than the peak. e, the cargo turnover of the port was approaching 15 million dollars, steel and iron from the power plants of the donbass and in. first turn. mary is his fields, the second is coal. uh, the third uh in terms of volume cargo. this is white refractory clay. pancake from the viburnum belt fourth - this is food after the events of 2014, the port's cargo turnover drops to 5 million tons, and in 2017 after ukraine

imposed a blockade of certain areas of the donbass metals coal from the dpr and lpr. mariupol is no longer supplied to mariupol today the port of mariupol lives in anticipation of the city’s metallurgical industry operating at full capacity, when the delivery of goods by rail from the donetsk and lugansk republics will resume, while this is impossible due to the shelling of certain sections, according to experts, it will be necessary to restore the shipyard up to half a billion rubles, but taking into account european shipyards closed to russia, it must be restore olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev typical novorossiya. that's all we wanted to talk about. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. see you soon. when

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