[000:00:00;00] the reasons for the accident of the interplanetary automatic station luna 25 was the abnormal operation of the corrective engine, nevertheless, russia gained invaluable experience in flying to the moon and putting the spacecraft into a near-lunar orbit and the causes of the crash and the significance of future lunar missions, the head of roscosmos, yuri borisov, told my colleague darya pershina from state television and radio broadcasting company sevastopol yury ivanovich good afternoon, good afternoon dasha luna 25 station crashed, how did it happen and why did it not work out successfully to complete this mission. let's try restore the chronology of all events august 11 from the cosmodrome, eastern 2

hours 10 minutes 50-7 seconds , the luna 25 spacecraft was launched into orbit by a space rocket, in accordance with the flight task, it switched to the flight path to the moon and on august 16. reached a circular orbit around the moon during this flight, three adjustments were made. flight, in fact, this is a rather complicated operation from the point of view of engineering functions. the next one was scheduled on the 19th correction in order for the spacecraft to switch to a pre-flight elliptical orbit with a height ahead of the center of about 20 km, in order to carry out this operation, it was necessary to carry out an appropriate set of trajectory measurements, which were carried out by on-board and ground-based means to determine

the parameters of the correction pulse. everything, this procedure was successfully completed and was formed. the so-called flight task for adjusting the apparatus. i must say that this operation is very complex and it requires very well-considered decisions after determining all the necessary parameters of the flight task in accordance with the flight instructions on the ground stand were repeatedly carried out and the simulation and the results of this simulation were confirmed only after that the flight task was loaded onto the luna 25 spacecraft. , which were supposed to correct and bring

the device to the pre-landing orbit. unfortunately , the engine shutdown occurred abnormally in according to the cyclogram, and according to the time cutoff and instead of the planned 84 seconds. he worked 127 seconds. this was the main reason. the accident of the apparatus must be said that the entire experiment was carried out in the zone of stable radio communication. we knew the entire position of the ship, however, at 14:57 minutes, communication with the device stopped trying to restore communication. the preliminary ballistic calculations turned out to be unsuccessful, which showed that due to the abnormal operation of the corrective propulsion system. device switched to open lunar orbit and essentially crashed into the surface of the moon. that's actually what

happened. of course, this kind of unfinished mission. they are very painfully reflected, first of all, on the development teams, the entire historical experience of conducting. such complex scientific experiments were accompanied by numerous accidents from the year 58, when the soviet union was seriously engaged in the lunar program, until the first successful soft landing in the year 66, lunar nine occurred with an increase of ten emergency missions. and each accident gave ground and practical experience to developers, only through the use of new technologies, modern modeling methods, it is possible to reduce the level of these accidents. still, we have not

dealt with the moon for about 50 years. here the invaluable experience that our predecessors accumulated in the 60s and 70s was practically lost, the generational change was interrupted. by the way, one of the achievements, even if this is not even a completed mission, is the formation of a new team, he is half-labochkin, who, of course, will take into account all the necessary mistakes that allowed for this mission and i hope that the future missions of luna 26 27 and 28 will already be successful, however, it must be recognized that even in the absence of the main objective function of this mission, that is, a soft landing. at the south pole, taking lunar soil and analyzing it for the presence of water. although it did not end, we got an invaluable

flight experience. the conclusions of the spacecraft into a circular near-lunar orbit, a number of scientific experiments, it is believed that by forcing the missions of luna 26 and 27, we will definitely get those lost results, which, unfortunately, due to the accident, were not obtained during the implementation of luna 25. can you already name the causes of the crash, you know, all stages of the flight, the main reasons are carefully documented, i told you, this is an abnormal operation of the corrective engine. but what led to this will have to be examined in detail. i am sure that we will receive all the necessary data during the work of the emergency commission. she has already been assigned to work. i think that in the very near future we will get the necessary result and we will certainly take this into account when

implementation of the following missions. can the current interest in the moon affect the prospects for the exploration of the moon in russia in the future? after all, he was not born randomly. these are not only geopolitical goals or ambitions. this is an opportunity to use the natural resources of the moon and may be in the future the formation of a site for deep space exploration - this is an ideal site for long interplanetary flights, in no case should the lunar program be interrupted. it would be the worst decision ever. i think the experience is a negative experience. interruption of the lunar program for almost 50 years, this has been the main reason for the failures we have, in fact, to do it all over again. to master all the technologies, of course , at a new technical level, but

no one ever gives a 100% guarantee of such things. i can give you examples. while over the past four years the israeli emirati indian mission has also suffered moon landing failures in the soviet union and the united states at one time, it took decades to achieve the first soft landing. do you think it is worth continuing russia to participate in the moon race, especially in the current difficult geopolitical and economic situation, of course, our country is worth it in the recent past in more difficult situations, it was looking for the possibility of conducting such experiments. this is not just the prestige of the country and the achievement of some political goals. this is to ensure defense capability and achieve technological sovereignty, each mission

of such a plan gives a tremendous impetus to the development of science and technology, and this is the absolute value of these experiments. today it it also has practical value, because the race for the development of the natural resources of the moon has certainly begun, and in the future the moon will become an ideal platform for the exploration of deep space, therefore, of course, we need to narrow down their possibilities and continue research and conduct the lunar program. thank you very much for an interesting interview. thank you now economic news briefly russia and hungary have begun the main phase of construction. paj-2 npp was informed about this by rosatom. now the hungarian country is preparing for excavations. on site about a million cubic meters of soil is planned to be extracted from the future power unit. the work will be completed before the autumn of hungary while the only nuclear power plant is operating. paks. it

generates almost half of the electricity needed in the country by rcc shares. energies collapsed immediately by 20%, after an unsuccessful mission. luna 25, the company developed modules for the station, controlled the launch and operation due to the fall in quotations of the moscow exchange, conducted discrete auctions to stop further decline. at the same time, in a week from the moment the station was launched quotes rose in price by 70%. as previously reported by roscosmos, luna 25 passed. she did not collide with the surface of the moon. megafon bought the yota brand for 27 billion rubles. i mentioned this in the operator's report for the first half of the year, the results were published for the first time in 2 years. megafon more than doubled its net profit to rub 27 billion. revenue grew by 13% , exceeding 200 billion. at the same time , expenses doubled as well, which is associated with the purchase of the iota trademark and the regional owner of domino's pizza began the bankruptcy of the russian

divisions in the company explained that forced to stop trying to sell the asset, the external debt of local businesses is estimated at 520 million rubles. down to minus pizza, russia's third largest pizza delivery company with 140 stores and cafes was economic news in a nutshell. the price of ships for passenger river transportation should become affordable for all regions, this was stated by state duma speaker vyacheslav volodin near the nizhny novgorod region. he held an offsite meeting of the lower house of parliament as vyacheslav volodin noted, russia's advantage is that there are rivers almost throughout the country, and if conditions are created for the purchase of ships, it will be more convenient for people to get to neighboring cities and towns as part of a working trip of parliamentarians. we also visited the plant of the central design bureau alekseeva looked. how hydrofoils of the meteora and valdai series are created our country has a huge advantage - we are the second

country in the world in the number of years that connect cities and settlements for people. this is not only comfort, but also the cost of transportation on the river is less, because the economy is better here. it is necessary. passenger message, and inside the regional river volga is reviving bulgaria became the winner of the world chess cup in baku in the final, the opponent finished in wow in classical chess on saturday and sunday today on the tiebreak with a shortened time control , the 24-year-old russian woman turned out to be stronger overall score confrontation 2 ,5 in favor of hot at the end of the tournament, the three best chess players got

the right to play at the candidates tournament in 2024, the third place was taken by a ukrainian who beat a chinese. all elementary students classes from september 1 will be provided with hot breakfasts and lunches preparing for the new academic year. discussed at today's meeting. mikhail mishustin with deputy prime ministers. and, of course, in the spotlight. it turned out school meals a topic that excites all parents. what statements did varvara nevskaya tell about her children, that is, almost all russian elementary school students from the beginning of the new academic year will be provided with free hot meals for complex breakfasts and lunches for students from first to the fourth grade is provided by the government, 67 billion rubles. and starting from this year , 88 regions of the country will receive subsidies from the federal budget, including the lugansk

people's republic of donetsk, zaporozhye kherson region, the city of baikonur, the city of moscow provides hot meals independently at the expense of the city budget. in addition, this year we are allocating an additional 1.4 billion rubles from the federal budget. to organize free hot meals for elementary schools, as i said in the new four regions countries. e, donetsk and lugansk people's republics, kherson and zaporozhye regions of the luhansk donetsk people's republic. even before the official accession, local authorities tried to bring the legislation in line with the current legislation in russia hot meals for primary school students were provided at the expense of the regional budget thanks to the federal subsidy in luhansk does not plan to significantly improve the quality of free hot meals in all 539 schools and expand the list of those who has on him

the right standards for food were significantly lower. here is the average for the republic in our country. uh, the cost of breakfast for children was somewhere around 34 rubles. now thanks to the federal budget. uh what is the cost of funding. yes , a single meal for children will increase to 72 rubles. and together with the branch nutrition institute, and on the recommendations of the ministry of education, new such typical ten-day menus for schoolchildren have been developed. free hot meals for all primary school students september. 2020, only for the first 2 years of its implementation, 139 billion rubles were allocated. in 2022 and 2023, at the expense of the funds , 1,622 school catering units in 68 regions were repaired and instructed to provide elementary school students with free hot meals. you know, it was introduced in stages, so that first-fourth grade students

could have lunch or breakfast at an educational institution, and the food should be healthy, tasty, and, after all, from september 1 of this year , russian schools. each region should to receive federal funding for these purposes about how the tastes of the quality of school meals have become better and the statistics i want to note that thanks to the measures taken over the 3 years of implementing the order , the number of schools with violations of the quality and safety of the food supplied has decreased seven times , three times the number of violations of the requirements for a balanced diet and adherence to the principles of a healthy diet has decreased. the amount of food not eaten by children has decreased from 50% to 6%, which is an indicator of the improvement in the quality of hot nutrition in schools, the work and implementation of the program will continue for these purposes

, the budget for 2024-2025 already provides 134 billion rubles. varvara nevskoy and natalya uvarova lead. private investors began to make a choice in favor of bonds on the moscow exchange, the demand for them and exceeded the inflow into shares several times , which is the reason for their interests. how long such trends will last was found out by nika and the inca, after talking with experts. bonds have become an attractive way to invest money from private investors over the past year, the inflow of funds into such securities on the state exchange exceeded opting for shares nine times between july 22 and july this year, net inflow from individuals, that is, the difference between the amount received and the amount withdrawn money in bonds, amounted to 695 billion rubles. and 77 billion in shares. moreover, investors sent most of the funds to corporate paper. at individuals. now there are unique conditions in the

bond market. in addition, the attractiveness of such securities, added the actions of the central bank of the central bank. have us over the past year and a half m-m. well, for the second year i raised the key rate up to 20%. now i have raised it to 12%. and when, after that, the central bank starts to lower the key rate, accordingly, the price of the bond begins to rise. this is such a pattern, right? which is present on the bond market, but actually use this mechanism of lowering the rate and increasing the price of the bond. ah, individuals, investors have already learned that physical whiskey's interest in protective instruments is primarily associated with replacing corporate securities, if earlier russian companies issued bonds abroad and attracted, for example, dollars, now such papers need to be written off and issued already in our country

, these are ruble bonds. but the payment on them tied to the exchange rate occurs at the rate of the central bank, such bonds are interesting because their high foreign exchange yield. the yield is more than 9% in these currencies, like dollars , euros, swiss francs, and british pounds, while the investor has no risk, but all kinds of blocking, because payments are made in rubles at the rate of the central bank of the stock is considered a riskier asset, but on the one hand more. here, however, now the situation is quite interesting. bonds give e an unusually high yield, if we consider a foreign currency investment. mikhail khachaturian is engaged in private investment. for 6 years now, his portfolio has been predominantly made up of shares of bonds, he first acquired in 2019, assessing the current situation on the market, he believes that now is a good time to invest in such instruments , the population that has actively exited, especially in during the pandemic, actively invested in

stock exchanges. uh prefers e bonds from the point of view that this is a debt paper, which allows, e, to plan some fairly fixed income, which, in principle, exceeds e, the interest rate per annum it exceeds the bond deposit, like stocks are also subject to volatility, but the advantage of bonds is that you get a fixed income. yes, in any case, since it is debt in essence. iou. comparison with deposits the main risk of investing in bonds is that in the event of, for example, the company's bankruptcy, it will be quite difficult to return this money, but nevertheless. in the first half of 23 years, the ruble bond market amounted to almost 41 trillion rubles, which is 9% higher than at the beginning of the year, and investments in such securities are preferred by clients with more expensive portfolios, as for forecasts, by the end of the year, interest in bonds, according to experts persist.

but then, due to interest rates, it will begin to decline, not blade maria basova ekaterina nikolaeva lead. more than 1,300 students from different russian regions are working this summer at eight construction sites of gazprom young people are involved in work at the largest fields in the country, where a large-scale student construction is underway today, i will tell you in more detail in yakutia , the all-russian student construction north 2023 is taking place here , 600 guys from 16 regions are participating in it for the summer. the work shift began in july and the chinda field will last until september. one of the largest in the east of russia is the base for the formation of the yakut gas production center, the resource base of the gas pipeline, power. in siberia, there are detachments there, performing deconcrete work , landscaping the territory, laying

paving slabs and curb stones. guys. they say that during this time they became very good friends and the settings are good and at the same time competitive atmosphere. in addition , young people have excellent chances to gain work experience and see unfamiliar places. native country. we try our best to adequately represent our region at this construction site for our teams and we work every day , seven days a week, tirelessly on e, in projects. uh, pao gazprom our team is one, and we always work as a team and help each other in the most difficult situations. whatever they are this year, i'm leaving for the sixth time, and to the virgin lands as part of student teams, the work of student teams. gives a very great experience, especially in life in general. also especially for first year students. this allows you to try yourself for the first time independent work to travel around the country to earn some first money and watching for more than a year, that the guys, when they return home for these two months, change dramatically. this, of course

, matures more urgently there, that is, they have already worked at a construction site, strengthened their spirits in body and in fact. and it is a very interesting experience and unforgettable. another major project is focusing on the nenets autonomous okrug at the facilities of the urengoy field. student construction and northern lights united 100 people for labor season. the guys will improve the territory, perform land and painting works, erect concrete structures, the urengoy deposit is unique and the third largest in the world, they exceed 10 trillion cubic meters. in the irkutsk region, on the territory of the kovykinskoye field, the construction of siberia and kovyk began. there, here, students are engaged in vertical planning, laying paving slabs and curbs, as well as crushed stone along the driveways . the children are also laying slopes and planting trees and shrubs on the territory, like a bull ktinskoe field the largest in eastern russia in terms of gas reserves. along with cheyndinskoye in

yakutia, the power of siberia is the resource base of the gas pipeline . let me remind you that the implementation of student labor projects at gazprom facilities became possible thanks to a cooperation agreement and was signed on june 17 last year. youth organization russian student teams, gazprom and gazstroyprom. this year , student teams opened the labor season on russia day , more than 200,000 young people all over the country joined them, guys involved not only in construction objects. and also in the agricultural industries, students are also involved in work in the railway industry and in the service sector in hotels and boarding houses , young people work and as medical personnel in health care institutions also organize leisure activities in children's camps. the strategic partnership within the brix is ​​gaining momentum and this association around the world has a lot of like-minded people, this is stated in an article by sergey lavrov for

the south african magazine ubuntu on the eve of 15th anniversary you yourself something briks vjuhannesburg. according to the minister of foreign affairs of russia, the five launched the expansion process to build a more just world order. what other topics will be the focus of the talks will borissin tell? sultry dances in national costumes south africa warmly welcomes the guests of the brix summit a reception right on the airfield was arranged for the president of brazil all this is a symbol, a global multipolarity, a language that russia also stands for, our country in europe is represented by the minister of foreign affairs. sergey lavrov, the world community is tired of blackmail and pressure from the western elites from their colonial russian cars, therefore, for example, not only russia but also a number of other states

are gradually reducing their dependence on the us dollar and are switching to using alternative payment systems and payments in national currencies. here the wise words of mondela are remembered when the water starts to boil it's absurd to stop heating it and that's really the way of the country. fix, to paraphrase the first president of south africa , the organization has already reached a boiling point with its own development bank and is increasingly discussing the creation of a single currency and a common payment system. that will strengthen not only politically, but also the economic union of the five brix countries brazil-russia, india china and the republic of south africa together - this is 40% of the world's population a quarter of the world's land mass and almost a third of the world's gdp, so the brix indicator even solves the group of seven brex, as the organization plays an important role due to its economic power, the members of the organization collectively shape the global dynamics and acting together can significantly influence the world economy and international relations in the fifteenth.

the summit in riks will discuss a number of issues, including important issues of the possible expansion of the composition of the organization, the expansion of the briks, perhaps the main topic of the summit, one of the oldest on the african continent, is the cape times, quotes on the front page, leaders and china suzinpinets and program articles. east figuratively writes about the strengthening of the role of brix in the world. the tide is approaching the broad shores and the wind is picking up the sails more and more countries are hoping to open the door to brix and cooperate fully with the organization, demonstrating the viability of the importance of this format. china is ready to work openly and mutually beneficially with its brix partners to seek consensus on key issues resolutely defend international justice brix's role in global governance is only is growing and it makes the voice of the organization in the world. more and more loudly , 203 countries have officially applied to join the brix. this is like the state of latin america argentina venezuela cuba bolivia and the middle east saudi arabia the united arab emirates kuwait and iran are not far behind and the asian region

vietnam thailand indonesia are striving to enter the organization in the closest neighbors of russia in the cis kazakhstan belarus and, of course, very much in africa itself on doorstep brix algeria. egypt most obvious these countries see the opportunities that open up when entry. in brix brix includes two of the fastest growing major economies in the world and relationships within the organization are based on mutually beneficial partnerships, and increased cooperation is essential for a sustainable future. it is expected that common criteria for admission to the brix will be developed in upper hannesburg. the african continent itself is being held under the slogan of partnership in the name of mutual acceleration of development growth and multilateralism. for us, this is a platform that can solve a number of global tasks and contributes to the creation fairer inclusive and open international architecture, as well as the development of the global economy on the sidelines of the summit, which officially starts on tuesday , business contacts are already being exchanged in south africa

, a fair has opened where countries showcase products and novelties from colorful outfits of high-tech medical equipment to electric cars. and this is only a small part of the economic potential that boris brix possesses, ivanin ekaterina shamanova.

in the moscow region this year will open 30 more schools and 25 kindergartens , the governor told vladimir putin about this today. andrey vorobyov, they discussed the preparation of the region for september 1 , the development of the moscow transport hub and the situation with emergency housing . the head of state asked. how is the preparation for the new school year, before the start of which is less than two weeks. september 1 began their