ussr aleksey stakhanov in donbass the industrial heart of novorossiya miner's day has always been a special professional holiday. it is celebrated on the last sunday of august and this year fell on the 27th . on the same day , city day is also celebrated in donetsk. miner's day began to be celebrated after the war in 1948. a specific date was timed to coincide with the record of alexei stakhanov in 1935 on the night of august 30-31. in one shift, he mined 102 tons of coal at a rate of seven tons , the pace at which in the first months after the liberation of donbass in the forty-third year restored the destroyed mines and gave the country coal. today, not only surprise, but cause pride.

this was done by people, relatives, friends, who continued to fight at the front with a huge shortage of personnel , old people went down to battle, who mined coal even before the revolution, teenagers from vocational schools at the call of soviet and party bodies, husbands and fathers who went to the front were replaced by women from 1943 to forty-seventh years, in the mines. donbass worked up to 80% of women. often they chopped coal, not jackhammers. they just didn't exist. ay scrap like in the old days after the war , over 40-6,000 people were awarded the medal for the restoration of the donbass coal mines, more than half of them women. today while there is no peace on the land of novorossia, it is too early to talk about the restoration of the donbass step , many of those who could go down into battle and mine

coal during the 8 years of the war in donbass left to work in the mines of kuzbass and other regions of russia, most of those who remained after the start of their fight with weapons in the hands of the luhansk people's republic today, every second miner went to the front. about the same the situation in donetsk meanwhile in the donbass continues to mine coal more than 80 steps. i sincerely congratulate all the miners of donbass on their professional holiday. of course, we wish them, first of all, peace, the sky above their heads and the bright sun, because, as you know, only he knows everything about the sun, who at least once was in the mine at the hard work of the miners in anna efimova's plot has one place, everything is fine. you give a signal, click the sound of

starting the engine lifting installation delivers miners and freshly mined they emit coal down, intervening for the change of miners in this mine. more than 700 people work in four shifts, they come from donetsk and hayish gorlovka and shakhtyorsk. 461 meters underground, long tunnels are relatively low humidity and, as the miners themselves say, quite comfortable temperatures for work are about plus 25 °, fists with teeth. uh, everything goes through the bar and onto the conveyor with the help of a load chain. says and painstakingly mined black gold of donbass despite all the talk. they are the profitability of local mines, the obvious conditions of hostilities, the lack of labor

, the miners go down to battle, because they know that coal is mined, it is worth it. our company mines. coal grade k in the case of low sulfur content, which in turn allows the production of coke for metallurgy and the production of high quality metal, which is in demand abroad, gornyak 95. in makeyevka, it was opened even before the revolution, paradoxically, it is still considered one of the most promising and modern this year. a new stope was put into operation on it. on average, about 370 tons of coal are mined here per day. it looks like a cornucopia, however, in fact, in the current conditions , the operating mines in the donbass can literally be counted on the fingers over the past 10 years, the level of coal production, according to some

estimates, has decreased 10 times from 80 million tons in 2013 to about 8 million tons now, it 's not just about fighting. although many the mines are located in the pre-front zone and are regularly shelled. and not only in worn-out equipment. although this figure exceeds 80%. but also in the outflow of personnel, which, however, began long before the outbreak of hostilities, funding for the capital construction of donbass was constantly reduced . because the shaft of the mine was not pierced after 2014, the donbass was in blockade and actually lost official sales markets with the light hand of petro poroshenko and industrial magnate rinat akhmetov, donetsk coal began to be sold according to the notorious corruption

scheme. rotterdam plus not directly, but through intermediaries they imported it at a price of 40 to 70 dollars per ton, and sold it to their own ukrainian power plants at a european, exchange price of 90 to 120 dollars , she tried to resolve the situation with the supply of coal from at that time not recognized republics, moscow with the help of the poor ukrainian oligarch from yanukovych's team sergei kurchenko was bet on his supposedly remaining connections in the energy complex of ukraine and for several years he was granted a complete monopoly on the export of donbass coal , what came of it i know, now not only in high offices, but in every mining family, even taking into account the incredible marginality business for kurchenko personally, he managed to accumulate. uh, hmm, a little less than 10 billion rubles. debt, uh, about 3 billion rubles debt, purely in terms of wages , kurchenko's period was a disaster for the miners fled who where and in the dpr, for example

organized for the work of miners recruited. uh, the yakut coal mining holding, squid, people rode together 7 and in yakutia in the world. eh, actually. apparently. there still remain accumulated went to dolgov and among the miners they joked gloomily that they were given a salary only on major holidays. by the new year and the miner's own led to major strikes in the lpr on june 20. satovoy the miners of the komsomolskaya mine refused to rise because of the battle and went on a hunger strike . our husbands are in the mine, they will build and defend their interests. they have one the requirement to pay the full salary to all miners, shakhty the komsomol situation was resolved only after the intervention of the head of the luhansk people's republic, leonid pasechnik. under his personal guarantee, the miners ended their strike and rose to the surface. as a result, the mines in the lugansk region, which were directly called unprofitable and

unprofitable, it was decided to transfer the lpr to full state control. but in donetsk they went the other way, they are looking for investors to transfer the mines to business. he officials, great hopes for privatization. uh, and they hope that this privatization will allow, both to increase coal production and close wage arrears, and at the same time remove from them, uh, a headache called shakhty and well, at least in the dpr officials. so precisely proceeds from the fact that everything must be done strictly as in russia and in russia the state mine. no not to mention the fact that the donbass ranks third in the world in terms of deposits of the most valuable energy-intensive coal grade anthracite , by the way, at the recent summit held in st. petersburg. russia africa were first voiced plans to export donbass coal to african countries. and hypothetically, we are talking not only about the sale of black gold , but also about the supply of mining equipment for the donbass coal industry - this is at the same time an opportunity to get out of a difficult

crisis and prove alternatives to the donetsk coal basin for certain segments. there is simply no market for energy resources, they say it's cheaper to say it, and there are also anthrocytes and much more, but e kuzbass. it is necessary to overcome the floor of russia in order to bring it to the european part or yes, consumers who are close even to turkey there , the middle east and from the donbass - this is much closer, natural and more convenient. so, therefore, after all, if the donbass is revived, then it can become and, probably, should become the main supplier of coal for the european part of russia, and it’s hard to say for those countries, mainly in the middle east and near the middle east, for sure, whether they are thinking about new export destinations and large-scale market prospects, those who, in spite of any difficulties, continue to descend daily into faces, in order to conscientiously perform their frankly difficult work, but what all these people definitely want to see,

rising to the surface after the next shift. these are not vague prospects, but the horizon is clearly drawn in the opportunities that open up before them. anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova is a typical novorossiya. we will talk about what should change in the hard miner's work and what the future step of donbass could be with the permanent expert of our program , historian, political scientist rostislav, ishchenko rostislav good afternoon. good afternoon, rostislav , how 9 years of war affected the state of the coal industry in donbass well, it is clear that it did not flourish. all this time. actually, it did not flourish even before the war, and even during the war, even more so, and at one time, donbass coal covered 40% of ukraine's needs for energy coal. and if we talk about the big donbas well, that is, the donetsk

lugansk region as a whole, then local coal covered 75% of the needs of local industrial enterprises, according to the data of the coal miners' trade union, a gift, yes, there are two problems. a this is a lack of investment and the second problem is the outflow of qualified personnel. in general, i think that it will be much more difficult to solve the second problem, and not only because many personnel went to the war and for 10 years in the war. they just died. we are also because russia is now opening up for the donbass, and this is just the coal of the industry playing in some way. not a cruel joke, because hmm uh this is very hard work and not always grateful and now the locals. uh, the coal enterprise is facing the fact that youth is very

wants to go to the mines and there are two ways to solve this problem, which were tested during the soviet union, but both of them do not work now, because in the twenties and thirties, the personnel for the mines were left by the dispossessed, who simply could not find a job. passports were not issued to such people anywhere, but they were accepted into shakhty, because in shakhty they accepted everything that means criminals who are forbidden to live in big cities. this means that they also work political, who either left the camps, and they were forbidden to live in big cities, or they hid from relevant authorities. so it was also possible to hide in the mines, because they were not looking in the mines. after the great patriotic war, it means that uh development was provided at the expense of. uh, well, let's say huge miner's salaries then, because, in principle, the last miner's salary. it, uh, corresponded or was even higher in some cases , the salary of the commander of a nuclear submarine.

this, uh, was attractive. naturally frames, because, well, it's heavy. yes, we and the money are very big and let's say in this very donbass it is the same. uh, donetsk was provided in the soviet union of the first category, which was important then, because, uh, money still had to be able to. what is it to buy if something was not imported in your city, because it was there in a creative way, the second category is money you don’t have, these are accidents you can’t have them, therefore , appropriate conditions were created for, uh, mining work , attracted, but, uh, now, according to the same trade union. well yeah, uh shtor's salary went up from seventeenth to the twenty-first year on the 22nd from 12 to 120.000, but this salary has grown only in individual mines that work and that work

successfully. e, donbass m-m in the economic cycle of russia e. maybe they can somehow influence the situation in the donbass, they are counting on what will affect, uh, they are waiting for russian investors there and they are aware that there can’t be others, in principle, will russian investors come there to the corner of the industry a certain amount will come, because in any case, donetsk needs anthrocytes in donetsk, only a part of me, which there is now constantly mined today in the donbass, about a third work. here's everything. yo-my, mine and not the fact that they will all work next year, because again, not enough for investment is not enough. frame investors. they will come if they sell coal somewhere, uh, before coal was consumed by ukrainian metallurgy, we know that now in the ukrainian methodology

it has died a long time. ukrainian territories became recover metallurgical enterprises. and there are at least some grounds for hope for optimistic forecasts and development. i can't say that the production is too pessimistic, because i already said that let's say the local youth. he doesn't really want to go into mines , respectively, reducing the number of mines, but at the same time, investors are coming to those that are promising from a business point of view. yes, in general, he balances, local interests are less than personnel. yes, and less. at the same time, wages are higher for those who they will work, so it is quite possible that as a result we will get such a more balanced economy of donbass, but at the same time, coal mining will remain one of its main ones. well, that is, it can happen. that very coal reform, about which they spoke for so long back in ukraine

, the most important thing is that it will happen less painfully, then all the most painful, part of it has already passed thanks to the war, that is, further. it remains only to revive what can be revived and not touch, it is impossible to revive. thank you big for an interesting story. during the years of the first soviet five-year plans in the 20-30 of the last century , borussia was the locomotive of the industrialization of a huge country. the main volume of iron ore and coal of the ussr was mined here, three-quarters of the electricity of soviet ukraine and 20% of all electricity in the country were produced, but this industrial breakthrough became possible only thanks to the selfless work of its inhabitants, low labor productivity, a serious problem of the first five-year plans proletarian enthusiasm and class consciousness

they quickly exhausted themselves, and the pre-revolutionary system of fines and incentives did not fit into the soviet economy. staff turnover, lack of work initiative, low labor discipline, the characteristic signs of that time, only those who knew production from the inside could cope with this. in the thirties, competition began for increasing coal production, early fulfillment and overfulfillment of norms. in the first record holder in the thirty-second year was the miner of gorlovskaya, kochegarka mine nikita izotov, he overfulfilled the monthly plan four times in 3 years, the miner of the lugansk mine central imino alexei stakhanov completed 15 norms in one shift.

he changed the mining technology before the miner not only chopped coal, but also strengthened the vaults himself, shahty stakhanov only worked with a jackhammer, and two of his assistants were engaged in fasteners, the proposal was supported by the partner, mines and the record was recorded in august 1935, this almost immediately became known to all country a note on reaching one hundred. appeared in the newspaper, though such working innovators who at times overfulfilled the plan during the years of the first five-year plans in the donbass there were hundreds of tractor driver praskovya angina lokomotiv driver pyotr krivonos miner nikita izotov and many other new labor traditions and technical solutions appeared where the main industrial potential of the country was concentrated, the peredovik movement was called stakhanov’s and for many years became a symbol creative attitude to his work about alexei stakhanov legends and myths in the circle

of his record and life path the plot of olga mokhova orlovsky peasant alexei stakhanov was brought to the donbass by need at the beginning of the last century. so did many representatives of the peasant class. in the summer they worked on the land, and in the winter, leaving their native lands in the mines, the irminsky mine, later called the mine. central irina has been known since 1896. and this is the part where we are. here underground. our occurrence of plastov leads from north to south, the angle of incidence goes. so imagine what a 66-72 degree development system is. so called here so that you don't get killed after all, no one will tear at you, and each ledge of 12 m is very serious in terms of technology , such as traumatic work on the one hand, and on the other, a psychological abyss under you.

she gave these places to the rare deposits of zhirny as real coals, especially valuable for metallurgy, but when the 22-year-old alexei stakhanov got hired here, the mine did not fulfill the plan from year to year . to partner konstantin petrov offered to go for the record because the slaughterer's ingenuity and his remarkable physical strength played a role. stakhanov was a virtuoso of his craft. first, he chopped like a lefty. he felt the power. before you start working. he always approached, and felt him, looked for a swing, and began to cut, peck, this junction point, where there is the greatest tension in the cavity, and if a person goes to college, then the plast simply collapses on the night of august 30-31, 1935. it turned the whole life of both stakhanov and the whole hugo. branches as early as the next morning on a record

dozens came to sign up. the miners at the mine were introduced piecework wages stakhanov himself instead of the norm of 25-30 rubles. he received 220, as well as a room with furniture, a personal place in the miners' club and a family voucher to the resort twice more, he went to the record, chopping 175, and later 321 tons. in general, labor productivity in the mines of donbass increased by 60%. our. e, dusty mining , the village has turned into a prosperous city with a large number of enterprises in just a few years, the population growth was from year to year. as a result, more than 20,000 people lived in our small town by the first anniversary of the record at the irmen mine, a school was built at the request of stakhanov. after all, he himself had only two parochial classes behind his back, and the village was given the status of a city in 1937. stakhanov is taken to well, and he no longer belongs to himself ; he studies at the industrial academy, becomes

a deputy of the supreme council, and then the war, he asks to send him to the front to beat the enemy in stakhanov’s way, but they take care of him and send him to the rear to karaganda to the chiefs, mines arriving there , stakhanov was surprised that there were only women and teenagers, and he not only taught them the high-speed method of breaking coal, but also worked with them and loaded coal appeared in his office. occasionally, only when it was necessary to hold a general meeting after the war. stakhanov headed the sector of social competition in the people's commissar of the coal industry, as in the year of the stakhanov record, his life was cool. changed in the late fifties at a reception at the first secretary of the central committee of the communist party nikita khrushchev foreign communists asked. and where is the main worker of the country of the soviets under stalin , he was a constant companion of such meetings. what is he supposed to do? i don’t know that glasses are in moscow - i answered that where should he be if not in the donbass. although he and

stakhanov lived in the same house, moreover, in the same entrance. stakhanov was ordered to go to the donbass within 40-8 hours , the city of chistyakova is now the city of taras. and stakhanov left, they will remember him only in the year of his 35th birthday. his record at that time was already secretary general leonid brezhnev to be surprised that alexei stakhanov, unlike all his followers, is still not a hero of socialist labor. the proud miner refused to go to moscow for a high award, and they brought it to him at the mine. central alexei stakhanov went from conagon assistant to slaughterer from the mine itself today, unfortunately, there is not much left, that's all that you see behind my back, by the irony of fate. the central names of one of the first in luhanch did not fall under the so-called restructuring. the coal industry closed it in 1995 in the year of the 60th anniversary of the stakhanov record the 120-meter concrete pile driver, which could not be blown up, rises today as a bitter

reminder just before the closure, about 20 million dollars of explored coal reserves were invested in the modernization of the mine. on it remained no less than 50 years. they say that they have seen a lot in their lifetime. the miners cried on the closing day of the inhabitants. eh, very proud. they merged their profession miner-cutter gross, people who were engaged in underground work very risky. it was a very respected and revered work. and these people are significant each for their family from the country to in general, suddenly, in one moment, they turned into nobody. the hall of mining glory of the ilmen museum is made in the form of a root drift divided by pylons into compartments, like underground the pride of the collection, the unique banner of the best mine of the ussr is the only one of its kind in the world. almost everyone has a past relationship to either the mining profession or the mining dynasty? big big, well, how do you say? school is not only a school, this school is probably the first

formation you understand, because this one is not just fear. it's afraid, the first 5 years, as i jokingly say, here are the people who stay is the golden fund. you see, among the slaughterers there are no traitors, there are no falsehoods, and therefore, probably in this city there is a special du x and we remember their labor. they take care of the museum and there, not just regular shelling , both irvin himself and neighboring stakhanov are still subjected to regular shelling. where, on a pedestal, a former oryol peasant firmly holds a jackhammer walking towards immortality olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev is a typical novorossia. that's all we wanted tell. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. see you soon.

as a very young man, he joined the ukrainian galician army. there, they were trained as scouts for saboteurs. and, of course, monsters, the holocaust in lvov was organized by the ukrainians, 6,000 service people were destroyed, they were used in anti-soviet activities.

dear friends, viewers of the russia 24 channel , i am pleased to invite you to watch reruns of our programs while we are on vacation. i look forward to seeing you.

the ships of the russian fleet inflicted a missile a strike on the port infrastructure facility, which was used by the armed forces, the ministry of defense reported about this. in addition, the military department notes that the russian troops repelled enemy attacks in five directions. success is achieved thanks to the coordinated actions of our encor alexander katsuba on the situation in the uludar direction and dmitry horn on how manages to push the militants in the area of ​​klecheevka. self-propelled from the installation of operational-combat tactical