for russians, the grand entrance to paris hello on the air international review in the studio fyodor lukyanov today in the program international review events of the week of chronicles facts comments new order of the world order who is interested in the group of twenty prospects themselves in the matter? the art of turkish politics erdogan opens a window

of opportunity materials from our program. north korea gains a second wind pyongyang copes with the anniversary of a new place in modern politics. large international event g20 summit is taking place in india, no, well, not quite at the top, the chairman of the people's republic of china and the president of russia, for example , did not come, not quite twenty, they invited more and not quite in india, the participants were invited to a reception, but on behalf of the president of the country named bhat. what the hell is some kind of confusion , let's take it in order. in the late nineties , the asian financial crisis showed the vulnerability of the international financial system to key developing countries. no, the need to meet more often in a family group format is not enough. so in ninety

-nine, at a conference in berlin, big twenty. by the way, the concept itself arose in russian translation by mistake in the early nineties, the tin s7 was deciphered as the seven group, and in russia, like greece, the big seven also began to be called the twenty. although, in fact, the group of twenty today has 19 countries and the european union as permanent members. this is argentina australia brazil great britain germany india indonesia italy canada china mexico russia saudi arabia usa turkey france south africa south korea and japan in the g20 countries about 2/3 of the world's population in them accounting for, 2/3 of world trade and 85% of the world's gross national product were initially collected by finance ministers and bank leaders, but since 2008, during

the financial crisis, the status of the twenty has grown to include heads of state and government. it was more like an emergency meeting. the first anti-crisis summit was held in november 2008 in washington, the next one in april 2009 in london. and in september, the twenty gathered in the pitbook; the preparation and development of the agreement is carried out by the so-called sherpa , the country's trusted representative of the chairman; the decision are accepted on the basis of the end, but do not necessarily have force and are subject to approval by the international monetary fund, the world bank and other financial and economic organizations. initially, the activities of the g20 were limited to economics. but over time , it acquired a political character. in 2013, in st. petersburg, putin and obama discussed the syrian crisis. the result of which was an agreement on the chemical disarmament of damascus in 2014 in the australian brisman

, the focus of attention was on the ukrainian crisis in 2021 in rome in addition to climate problems discussed the iranian nuclear program, and the summit in bali last year became a platform for discussing options for resolving the ukrainian conflict and extending the grain deal. until recently, the g20 was considered the most promising international structure. almost a prototype of a new model of global governance, clear criteria for membership, the most influential countries, specific results such as, for example, calming panic during the global financial crisis of 2008 or the destruction of the syrian chemical weapons 10 years ago and conversations primarily about the economy, that is, the last substantive and crippled the twenty brainchild, the liberal globalization of the era when profitability

took precedence over geopolitics, and economic problems were sought to be solved by the whole world. now everything has turned inside out, globalization has ended, politics has put the economy on its back, and everyone is for themselves , agreeing on a memorandum every time is a battle in which the process is more important than the result. so , apparently, there’s no point in waiting, that’s why not everyone came. for weeks is still a milestone, perhaps india has never been courted, since now the lady is pleasant in all respects, everyone is fighting for her favor, but she is picky, and in general for connections without obligations, of course, india does not want to be part of something alien, india

is building its own and this is always about lasting peace , the slogan of our chairmanship of the world twenty-one. one family, everyone must work together, they huddle together in a block, and the key to this is the strategic autonomy of each strategic autonomy. this is cooperation on specific topics with different partners with those who do you need to contact to resolve this issue? our country’s ties with india are long-standing and deep, and even now new delhi does not allow itself to be drawn into a confrontation with russia. but objectively , relations are going through a difficult moment. our closest partner, china, is, to put it mildly, the number one irritant, and our main enemy, the united states, is the guarantor for india. geopolitical balance in asia why are we leaning towards the us cause of the situation in india and the pacific region? for us, this is the most important space, among other things

, trade worth 300 billion dollars happened, for example, something in the south china sea will hit panama hard. that is why we want to be associated with a country that stands for compliance with the rules specifically here in this region. india, by the way, would be glad if russia played a more active role in our part peace. let's see how the forum goes. will the indian organizers be able to achieve international consensus ? the struggle within the country is intense and the government did not take advantage of the acacia next year’s elections four days before the start of the elections. there was a stir when the delegations were sent an official invitation to a reception with the president of the country. only the name there is not india, as is customary in the english word consumption. but in hindi, bharat, there was talk that the ruling bharat janata party was going to hold

a vote in parliament on renaming the state. well, as an informational occasion , nothing, but in essence, bharat is not news. this is the official name. eh, since '50. uh, india is called hard gonaraddi. well, in the official language in hindi and in fact the english version of the constitution also has a note regarding the word bhart. e on the topic that india is an equivalent concept. but in fact, the ancient name is one of the uh names that was used uh, well, starting from the first century of the first century bc, the first recorded written uh hmm mention.

uh, this is the name of the bakhart, uh, hmm, a legend from king bharte, and about his conquests that uh, hard warsh uh, the possession of the harrett - this is all modern india if we talk about so boring from a historical point of view, the name india is an ancient name, and in the first written source in which the name is present, the name of india dates back to the sixth century ad , and the first written source in which the name bhara is present, but this is the first century bc and the name india, in general, is not colonial at all, but it ultimately goes back to the sanskrit word sinhu, which means the river iint. hinduization of the national brand is a long-standing desire of right-wing

nationalists; it fits into global fashion on originality. now pravda is giving a little away to political technology; quite recently the opposition has formed, and a fairly broad alliance against rendering fashion, uh, which is called india for short. and calling political blocs in india that way is not prohibited by law, and uh, c. well, soon enough, fashion will go to the rendering, uh, for elections against the bloc, india yeah, a very powerful one that has quite a big chance of winning, and the opposition says that fashion decided, uh , in order to avoid such a bad situation, to rename india hart. accusation on rende

fashion in the polarization of indian society , hindu nationalism, damage to other religions and cultures are loudly heard from the opposition and the west; supporters of the prime minister look at his nationalism positively nationalism. yes, he is betting on him, because he needs to unite the country and present an image of the future. there is no other way. after all, india is incredibly diverse; such heterogeneous diversity can be brought together. only there is a society with one goal and a common vision of the way forward, not backward. this is what he does shows people what we have everyone has a common bright future to give hope. this is nationalism, like don't treat the indian prime minister. it is difficult to deny that under him the country has reached a qualitatively more noticeable position in the world. well, if now it still works out, the rest of the world can be convinced to call it bharat

in general with him. burma managed to become myanmar for everyone, not to say that they began to live happily ever after, but it was still pleasant. there is another country that recently ordered everyone to call it turkey last june . he agreed to carry out recep's decree erdogan and rename his state in all official documents as turkic. the president of turkmenistan visited sochi this week and they were waiting for him with interest. firstly, between moscow and ankara. it was cold in the summer. it needed to be warmed up. secondly, the assumptions came from somewhere that erdogan would persuade putin to return to the grain deal; the cold dispelled the deal too. the current russian-turkish relations, an interesting phenomenon according to objective parameters, are doomed to conflict. however, since the middle of the last decade we have been balancing

very productively on the verge of it, without breaking down, the chemistry of the leaders is present, but more important than anything else there is no ideology. turkey shows the mastery of pragmatic resourcefulness completely in its tradition. the diplomatic traditions of modern turkey began to take shape during the heyday of the ottoman empire, which was then called a high port in europe and began to be reckoned with after sultan mehmet ii conquered constantinople in 1453, turned it into istanbul and his followers became sultans. selim the first and the university and his son suleiman the magnificent soon they conquered the entire balkans, the coast of the eastern mediterranean sea, egypt and the hijaz in the west of the arabian peninsula. the first european missions appeared there in the middle of the 15th century. among the first were the initiations of the poles and russians, a little later

the french, ottoman diplomatic traditions were first set out in the famous collection of laws of the eve of the three sultans of mehmet, the second, in contrast to the european ottoman ceremony , provided for the payment of daily maintenance for foreign diplomats. so their assistants, by the way, leave any high port foreign diplomat. could only with the permission of the sultan himself, the russian embassy in constantinople received permanent status under peter the great, until that time an embassy was sent to turkey with separate specific instructions to conclude a political union or treaty in 1702 , pyotr andreevich tolstoy became ambassador ; it is noteworthy that in the event of the outbreak of hostilities, the port concluded ambassador of a hostile country by all, tower castle during the 18th century , many representatives of russia visited turkey as captives of this castle tolstoy

shafirov sheremetyev trimmings and bulgakov in the 19th century. this custom remained only in the tradition of european diplomats. in 1793, the port founded its first representative offices in paris, vienna, london and berlin, a big fan of the euro. sultan mahmud ii became the style of diplomatic office work, he specially studied translations of notes presented to the grand porte from european embassies in 1828 during ramadan, he was the first of the sultans to go out into the street in european clothes and instilled this fashion in his officials and officers . the ottoman empire was the first country of the east which took the form of european diplomacy and entered the system of european international relations. turkish ability to maneuver at

one time i studied turkey during the second world war and one thing struck me. yes, we all know, of course, that turkey was on the side of germany until the last moment, then it concluded an agreement with the allies, but what struck me was that given their geographical position, with their resources , the geographic geopolitical opportunities that their territory simply provided , and so hmm, lead yourself in such a monstrously difficult world political situation, how the turkish government fared so as not to lose a single soldier, not to lose a single person, so that modern turks have the date forty-one forty, five thirty-nine forty-fifth, they don’t mean anything to them, they

had enough cunning to do absolutely nothing. the tricks of wisdom and resourcefulness are to avoid this massacre and avoid it, first of all, for your people. this amazes me, it is truly worthy of respect from the point of view of national interests, but to trust such an intricate partner as to understand you, there is the concept of the sultan’s army, everyone else is in the hospital. so, all that was bothering him were slaughtered, and those who were not slaughtered, those who were not slaughtered, they were driven away by slavery , the useful ones were taken away, the rest were also slaughtered. they selected the good masters and the rest, which means they were sent away. eh, there are completely different categories; there is no concept of a partner. there is a concept there, it is beneficial for us, it is not beneficial for us to listen to it for the benefit of my land. this does not

benefit my land. this will help us become stronger. this will not help us become stronger. all other categories. no. if someone stronger comes. then yes, okay we obey him. if someone is stronger than someone who can defeat us and enslave us, relatively speaking, if there is no such figure on the horizon, then no. and of course, the east respects strength, above all. we also like to use it, but at least something can serve as a guarantee of fulfilling the agreement. nothing at all benefit and power they will be observed exactly until. uh, power is on the side of those who need these agreements and and these agreements guarantee benefits exactly until this ends , the agreement will be broken. after the collapse

of the ottoman empire, the founder of the turkish republic, mustafa ataturk, proclaimed the doctrine of peace at home and world peace to save the new state, he turned to the ussr for help in may 1920. turkish nationalists sent a letter to soviet russia asking for help in those days turkey was fighting a war against greek british french armenian and italian forces. a month later, answers followed: russia provided turkey with 5 million gold rubles, weapons, ammunition and food to help moscow were sent by one of the most capable generals. mikhail frunze memory of these events. immortalized. in the prestigious istanbul quarter of bi oglov , the soviet ambassador is depicted together with atturk. semyon oralalov helps turkish nationalists

guided by geo. by calculation, the soviet government came to the rescue of the enemy of its enemies. one of them was ottoman turkey, to which the bolsheviks, following the brest peace treaty, ceded significant territories in the transcaucasus in march 1920 sultan mehmed is the sixth to admit defeat. in world war i, he agreed to the occupation of istanbul by the victorious british , french, and italians. the sultan declared kemal datürk a rebel, but the rulers did not have the power of humility in the uprising in the decision of the british and french, the punitive operation was entrusted to the greek troops. russia's historical sympathies were on the side of the orthodox, but lenin destroyed the system of previous alliances aimed at helping the turks frunze and the plowshares defeated the greeks in letter. lenin gratefully wiped off to wrote that turkey would never enter the alliance directly or later directed

against soviet russia, but already in this year ataturk banned the communist party, and its leadership reverted ankara did not enter the orbit of soviet influence, but returned the port of batumi to georgia until the mid-thirties the ussr continued to adhere to policy of rapprochement with turkey when in thirty-three voroshilov arrived on a visit to the hangar, and the doterk allowed him to take part in a military parade, placing him next to him, although stalin and ataturk respected according to one version, they never met each other due to the status of the educational straits. stalin never signed congratulatory telegrams addressed to turkey and personally erased it in 1938. after the death of the founder, foreign trade turnover between the two countries decreased noticeably , some soviet and turkish consulates were closed during world war ii. turkey hesitated for a long time, but eventually joined the anti-hitler coalition. and

after the war. into the us orbit of influence and eventually became a member of nato retskie connections are waiting again test of strength tensions are growing in the south caucasus between armenia and azerbaijan moreover , relations between russia and armenia in the peak yerevan demonstrates that the ally is deeply disappointed in everything will end in another regional redistribution, especially if we add the nervous reaction of iran, in turn, it has relations with azerbaijan worse than ever russia and turkey are the main powers in the region ; the hope that imperial traditions depends a lot on them. in this case, they will help to force everyone to behave rationally. peoples who lived, dominated or lived as part of a great empire, they are distinguished by some kind of maybe certain, well, not that

breadth of soul, a certain broad view of the world. the empire was wide and great, and the peoples were all in this empire. they retained this imperial mentality. well, which is expressed in many ways, in particular, in such proudness. and a very self-sufficient attitude towards the world. and they live for themselves , first of all, and for everyone; because of this self-sufficiency , they look at any people as equals to the turks they also feel like heirs of a great empire. and this is not just a momentary thought. this is the picture of the world with which they live. this is enormous patriotism. that's a huge amount of self-respect. this is the absence of the need to follow someone, to obey someone

from other peoples, to be equal to someone, to resolve contradictions in the region. it would reveal the rich potential of the north-south transport corridor, although there would also be no competition there. let's not skip the route. it may differ from our authors from tehran about the iranian version. this is seaport chebar, he located in the southeast of iran and has direct access to the indian ocean. in recent years. it came into the spotlight because iran, russia and india decided to use it as a global transit artery. it consists of two ports , shahid kontari and steps, through which almost 9 million tons of cargo pass per year , most of it comes from russia and is delivered to chebar by railway or highways, and then goes to india

and heads the organization of the chehar free zone, for about a year he intends to turn the port into transit hub, despite western sanctions, which have hampered the development of iran's industry in the material next to the difficulty that we overcome every day, sanctions put pressure on us, we don't have enough time , resources, but we learned to work in these conditions. so we have already achieved some success, korchebahar, the last point of the international transport corridor north-south, which connects russia and eastern europe with india and the gulf countries against the backdrop of an escalating conflict. in ukraine, this area has acquired strategic importance for moscow becoming an alternative to the traditional route, the suez canal will connect the landlocked state of central asia with the countries of the caucasus, eurasia and russia; the network already

connects russia with the persian gulf , the indian ocean and china. this is a huge region with a population of more than three billion people, a very profitable market. corridor. north, south will allow russian goods to shorten their journey by bypassing the suez canal; transportation becomes 40% shorter and 30% cheaper than traditional routes. thanks to the transit of goods and sports, chebokhar to russia and back, travel time will be reduced from 6 weeks to 18 days; transport costs will also be reduced by 1/3 compared to the expensive passage along the soviet canal ; the corridors of the north, south, and the asian european countries of russia, iran and india are used; this transit network is of strategic importance. today, these countries are modernizing their ports and transport infrastructure in order to improve their trade flows as quickly as possible. russia is now working to ensure that

the signed memorandums of understanding lead to an agreement to connect iranian ports with russian ports to activate the operation of a new transit route. now an investment of $15 billion is needed to connect the railway network and expand port capacities to invest in this. the head of the chebokhar free zone offers like-minded countries russia and china, residents of other countries will have the opportunity to lead. this is a full-fledged business. what will give investors confidence in the future ? in addition, we provide guarantees that you will be able to withdraw your capital. u we have everything that investors need: good people, good partners, a friendly environment and concrete economic opportunities, even under the most severe western sanctions, have found the opportunity to

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