[000:00:00;00] they are battered mollusks lying on the slides, where until recently there was a flat bottom on the pilot lines, such slides were formed by a wave, and it hit and went down to a depth of 8-10 m. we are simulating this using a special hydraulic shock stand at the department of hydraulics of the moscow energy institute. now imagine that the water is not transparent and generally uncontrollable and kills all living things in primorye , such gigantic destruction was brought by the super typhoon mike that swept through this track in the twentieth year, this is happening in the far east more and more often, and in addition to all the more frequent typhoons in

sea, if more and more frequent floods on the rivers this summer there were floods in primorye as you understand in this film we will touch on a variety of aspects, but now we’ll say the obvious oh , if there were more hydroelectric power stations on the rivers of the far east, there wouldn’t be such a thing, well, especially memory for 2013 on the amur on the banks of the amur river in blagoveshchensk we meet with the governor of this river region, where it turns out that even the thirteenth year was not yet the peak to play vasily aleksandrovich hello , let’s put something on the mark for the possession of the thirteenth it turns out to be a year, yes, and there is still twenty-first year, yes, let go even more, there is. yes please 38 cm, that is,

there was another 38 cm more. oh hello, hello, we found it just a little bit, and this is one that loves where it’s cleaner, just like that. it's good. this means life at the bottom is being restored. well, what else is important? is it possible to consider the root causes of climate change as industrial waste, but in our russian far east there are no such things. well, also taifu maysak. he came from japan, we will have how to prevent such things. and how

get rid of the face. this is the first time in history that we have filmed on the new central control panel of the unified power system of the whole of russia. the object is, of course, very, very sensitive. hello, darych. good afternoon sergey, thank you for your hospitality. as i understand it, we are the first journalist to film here, yes, the security regime means , among other things, that all screens cannot be shown,

so we ask. i can quote the little screen behind me. so there is a share of thermal power plants, nuclear power plants , hydroelectric power stations and renewable energy, which is modest, but on the scale of russia . can they even talk so seriously? what kind of supplier is he? i'm just shocked that we're talking about renewable solar, wind or low carbon. good good. while we are talking about the sun and wind throughout the country, so far it is within just one percent, which is understandable, the sun. our average wind speed in russia is slightly lower than, say, in europe or the south. if anyone doesn’t know, the leaders in terms of the percentage of wind in the energy balance are denmark and uruguay there few people live where there are stable winds in russia. but we have many rivers, and on them there are beautiful hydroelectric power stations. this is the general view in this case of the nizhnyaya bureyskaya hydroelectric power station in the amur

region. and what's inside is clear turbines , and they provide access to a quote, reliable, sustainable and modern source of energy for everyone, the quote was for the un's sustainable development goal, while this energy is also clean and clean without carbon-free fuel. by the way, this is a little later. today we will visit upstream of the storm at the bureya hydroelectric station. in general, a giant and both of these far eastern stations sing together in the paintings of the st. petersburg len hydroproject. nikolaevich hello at these stations we just knew that each station is individual , but do you still have a favorite station? yes, there are several such stations. i love it because i was directly involved, oh, in the design of construction, which can be considered one of them. here are the lower bureiskaya and bureiskaya stations, but there are stations that are beloved due to their appearance and beauty,

if you want, among them are cherkessk and the sayans shushenskoye hpp you've probably been there and seen that these are not just energy facilities. this can be said to be a work of art, then about 20%, while the output, for example, in siberia last year, the output at hydroelectric power plants was almost 50%, 49.5. but so far only a glimpse of nikolai rogalev not only of the electro-moscow energy institute, but also a member of the international committee of the global energy prize. whose expertise do we need today more than once or twice in europe? we talked about this once in the last film. in principle, hydropower potential has been selected 90 percent. and here and here, i think in

the european part it has been well chosen, but in siberia and the far east this potential exists. now let’s identify another extremely important topic, which is the background. for everything that we are talking about here today, russia will build it all, despite all the throw-ins and dice. that's great. so on the ice of the largest reservoir in the east of the country , the sayano-shushenskaya hydroelectric power station, our first series of this cycle of the world watershed began at the same time. abroad, we then visited south america at the waterfalls, iguazu and of course we must recently, the world's largest hydroelectric power station and taipu on the border of brazil and paraguay, right on the dam, moving from brazil to paraguay. that was the edge of such the first global study. we started it after the european union put forward the theory that water and water are evil, they say hydroelectric power reservoirs emit terrible mysms

of video greenhouse gases carbon dioxide methane, that is, accordingly, truly renewable energy should be exclusively based on the sun and wind. our first series and scientists and government , if russia and south america have convincingly proven such theories the european union about hydropower, which is not based on unfair competition this year at the beginning of this year at the first ever global energy conference from the regional global south , a foreign member of the international award committee has already put a point in the discussion with the european commission, is hydropower traditionally a renewable source for you? ? yes , although it arose here. uh, such a new twist, when some people said that because of methane emissions this is not the case, but if you widely, look at the different types hydroelectric power plants should be recognized as renewable energy sources. so

what, the head of the european commission took back her words. well, firstly, according to current times. she disguises any thought as a mantra of russian energy, blackmailing us europeans. the union opened its eyes on the other side when it comes to money, but let’s look again in africa , the increasingly active chinese here, who built in ethiopia an academy for advanced management training for the whole of africa, one of the priorities of the energy sector. why is understandable, but natural future leaders here in africa neither seconds do not forget what is outside their window, and work on the economic development of this conference is what is ahead and ahead. and so, when it comes to budget allocation, hydropower , which is super promising for african energy workers, turns out to be hydropower for europeans as well. it's still good. we are already massively mobilizing funds for energy projects from solar to hydra. as a sort of footnote. it’s interesting that ursulov’s underline didn’t mention the wind at all. maybe i read the british article that thundered in february of this year researcher david turner, translating

numerous calculations and graphs. he writes, the true cost of wind energy is staggering. it is astronomical, more than six times the cost of gas-generated energy, which is available around the clock and in any weather. well, who will pay for the trading, but in fact, as we just showed even more in africa , however, let’s go back to what’s there in africa and about the commission after all, put it on the hydraulic potential, but how else for reference in twenty the second year hydroelectric power stations were commissioned in the world so much is equal to five sayans of shushensky, while in africa the hydropotential is not its own by 93% by the way? another conference of this year, global energy, also in that same africa. it was just in ethiopia that we have 90% of electricity generated by hydroelectric power stations, the remaining 8%, wind and 2% by thermal springs, because if you think about something additional. so this is nuclear energy.

yes, it’s probably unpleasant to hear this from the germans. well, specifically about the german woman von der. lanin. we remembered in an african context for the reason that the prologue to the current eastern economic was the russian woman herself , soviet and russian specialists over many years, designed and built large energy centers in angola. egypt, ethiopia and other countries of the continent with a total capacity of four and six tenths of gigabytes have created a quarter of all hydroelectric power and capacity in africa, who has already spoken in the speech of the russian president and about new projects to provide africans with inexpensive, reliable, sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources for more than 30. sixteen to the state, a wide range of services is offered to african partners by our company rushydro , from the design and supply of equipment to modernization and construction of new

turnkey generation facilities gazprom rosneft lukoil zarubezh neft. this is our company , which is engaged in the development of oil and gas fields in ligeria, egypt , cameroon, nigeria, republic of the congo, our leading company in the field of nuclear energy is building the daba nuclear power plant in egypt, so the west was very worried about this, although the magazine policy in usa he himself admitted it. what is the citation, that is, the hypocrisy in the question of how europeans are literally selling alternative energy to africans. just take a look at the germans’ flagship project for the production of hydrogen for furniture. the deal is worth 10 billion dollars, slightly less than the gdp for bibi. it will include a desalination plant, but only for the production of hydrogen and this in a country experiencing an unprecedented crisis. and here we need another lubricant about that same green hydrogen. look here at

we have an interesting solar-powered device on board, close the solar panel. everything stopped, we opened the fan again. this means that the idea is to take energy from the air, the sun , the wind, and direct this energy to what we all remember from our school course - electrolysis. remember, the one is simpler, you understand the water. everything is very clean for oxygen and hydrogen. everything is very beautiful. and in principle, this technology has a right to exist. actually, here in the far east we had a conversation about this once. can they correctly said to get hydrogen from gas from coal, but today it is expensive, you said it is there. yes, here's green hydrogen. this is all 8 times more expensive, 3.5 at 6:00 it can be even higher. here. um, well, technology changes. today it is

six times more expensive, and tomorrow it will be six times cheaper. lotto tomorrow in the europeans want to insist that it be today and absolutely, not taking into account the price, which, well, is not affordable for those who do not have subsidies like the euro . meanwhile, we still have global energy materials and from that very africa we have population growth is such that our economic growth does not keep up with it. if everything continues as it is , in 10 years we will hear about the same shortage of electricity to understand in africa electricity there is no half of the population of russia with its wonderful collection, including hydroelectric power stations opposite electricity . it might even be exported, but we won’t relax and in order to make everything we’re going to talk about completely clear, we’ll further indicate

one more turn. today we have already been to the far east many times and now the gateway to the east. the caucasus is not here. welcome to karachay-cherkessia. so at the end of april in karachay-cherkessia, the commissioning ceremony of the krasnogorsk small hydroelectric power stations began. hpps were launched in the united states. the hydraulic units of the krasnogorsk small hydroelectric power stations reached their nominal capacity in russia for sanctions, problems, at least almost everything, and so it was his word to the minister of energy of russia that america’s potential was always there. we have uh, large plants that could happen.

here was the order and that was it. construction turned out to be quick in 19, and already in twenty the first to block the kuban river was a hydroelectric power station designed by the roshydroinstitute, which was part of the system. moscow region hydroproject is one contractor for the construction of un 148 and 31 m high, beauty in the european part of the country, where everything is close, uh, in the far east the problem is not only in distances. how is the far eastern energy market fundamentally different from the rest of the country? at one time, when the unified energy system was reformed , management decisions were made that changed from the soviet one, and the form of management, when the first price zone european part siberian part came market came competition. between types of generation, a decision was made regarding the far east. well, let’s leave everything

like that for now and then we’ll think about what to do with it. unfortunately. uh, well, this then lasted for many years, uh, and ultimately led to the fact that even today, given the growth in energy consumption in the far east, we have a situation where we cannot turn off our station even for repairs . we have a detailed story ahead about that in the far east they are going to erect a rushydra company. well, why install all these solar panels and newfangled european -style windmills here, because we already know the price of all this in every sense. this is what our further

research and follow-up is about. if you want more, i want it, but this is kelp that you can eat, add carrots , egg with mayonnaise. we are doing in our far east an increase in water temperature, there is degradation and destruction

of the japanese border, infection from russia approximately victoria abranchenko russia - this has reduced greenhouse gas emissions by almost 46% since the nineties. we continue to work within the framework of the montreal protocol, aimed at protecting the ozone layer, according to the national cadastre for 2021, russia managed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by almost 46% compared to the 1990 base , secondly, there is a terrible drought, this is what life has been like in the last three years and africa and south america the case is more phenomenal than lanina. this is a decrease in sea surface temperature in the equatorial pacific ocean, changing the direction winds that usually carry moisture. and here it is, but how do south american scientists explain this, in whose correctness we have already been convinced due to the fallow effect, there is less and less sediment and they are parasitic, accordingly

the soils dry out quickly, because the temperature rises more than usual, but of course, there is another factor namely climate change, that is, lanine and climate change due to industrial emissions. these are still different things. well, of course, we read different ones that are fresh. report from highly respected researchers in south america changes climate is not the reason, well, thirdly, from latin america again to africa, africa is called the dark continent, but sometimes it happens such an eye-catcher, like these folk dresses africa they need to be soldered to africa, which makes it ironic and impossible not to penetrate it at all. you also need to understand the problems. here i am now flying from the abyss below me , an artificial eucalyptus forest, which is now almost tall. and it would be okay if only here. just look at what's happened in california in

the last few years. so what is it like without a hydroelectric power station? like waterworks, their interests are no agitation against gas, well, in africa i’m flying further now it will be clearly visible, artificial reservoirs in artificial reservoirs. this is a classic of the water genre, the discharge there of the newly opened krasnogorsk hydroelectric power station 1, mg-2, what is happening in the caucasus mountains, there is a massive mystery of snow going on very nearby. and we're filming at the end of april. is this flood overflowing like the kuban? it’s just that if there were no hydroelectric power station, in this case also a hydroelectric complex, then there would be much more water. more precisely, this is how people here in the caucasus

millennium, did not know how to protect myself from flooding. here in the far east the residents of migrants are in the third. well, in the fourth or fifth generation there was no experience, however. the trouble is that now even those who already seem to be several generations away. i understood everything and faced new realities. i'll let it down for you now. once again, this means that here it is 38 cm, the difference is the highest 1872, in general, where the amur continues . on what other rivers do floods occur regularly throughout the region last year? for example, we had a flood in tyndinsky the area where the city of tynda even ported, that is, what it is. this is a city that was designed by the best soviet designers in the seventies and eighties of the last century. that is, when there was already a fairly large set of statistical data about which zones are flooded and which are not, but last year even those that should not have drowned, in principle, recently drowned. they have become more frequent since the thirteenth year, almost repeating every year. yes, if a number of observations date back to 1903, and

we see that in recent years they have reached higher plane after the thirteenth year. it is even higher yes, the japanese or whose else industry and industry crap there and we will assume that it doesn’t matter as a result of the calculated savings here and here. the damage from the flood of the thirteenth year at different levels of budgets from the budget of a particular household where the chicken coop was flooded and ending with the federal budget of the regional budget, and in the thirteenth year alone was about 80 billion rubles. that is, how is this comparable to the amount of three large hydroelectric power stations? humanity is still they haven’t come up with a single way to deal with pavlovsk other than accumulating these

floods in reservoir beds. a word to our colleagues from the far east. we are in the north, in the amur region, next to me is the same zeya river, which regularly becomes a source of trouble for thousands of residents of the amur region. however, such a video here cannot be said about it, where is the power that destroys roads, demolishes houses and bridges. in general, it washes away everything in its path that is holding it back, to find out the answer you need to climb several kilometers higher at the foot of the rocky gorge asian gate. here, almost 60 years ago , amur builders forever blocked the path of the insidious elements, practically chaining it to a reinforced concrete castle, which stood up, the dam here is kgs. turn it on, it is still kept in the safe hands of the power engineers, now on your screens there is a photograph of a unique expedition , just to the ground even before the revolution, when they first started talking about shortening local floods, but realistically talking about the construction of a hydroelectric power station in the far east and specifically about construction. at least the first hydroelectric power station

began to grow on dogwood only in the mid-fifties. the first-born of the far eastern energy industry, the zeya hydroelectric power station, the gornaya wayward stormy river, one fact, 72% of the total annual flow occurs in just 2 months of july and august, and this huge volume of water passes through this section between the ridges and the katakhan as a result of many years of construction. not 3.5 m. this is the same as having more five-story buildings stacked on top of each other, let us recall precisely at the confluence of the amur river. easy is a regional center, blagoveshchensk opposite on the other bank of the amur is a chinese heikh with the governor of the russian under amur region, vasily orlov continues the conversation on board the ship, which goes straight along the border format. but it’s true, they say that this part of the chinese city of hai-ha would not exist if it weren’t for the zeya hydroelectric power station. the truth in these words went. the fact is that what is now opposite us is an island that was regularly flooded until then while on the river zeya, soviet builders had not yet built a hydroelectric power station,

if not for the soviet hydroelectric power station, well, the quarter, at least the chinese mountain xx probably, and there probably wasn't. and the situation of the chinese. and what is there in the upper reaches behind it, the third largest in our country after the bratsk and krasnoyarsk reservoirs, which are regularly held back by the destructive power of the river, an event in 2013. a clear confirmation of this , the largest in the last 100 years did not become a test of strength for the structure , the water level of the reservoir rose to historical marks 319 m, three more and water. it wouldn’t be the dam that was heated here, when this mark was reached according to the rules and according to the design, but all should have been open gates and flow in nizhny f and in this case it would be about seven and a half thousand cubic meters per second, we were talking only about china and if the whole reason passed along the river there is no storage capacity there. that is

, not only would these villages, by the way, not be washed away, not just flooded with tar, but blagoveshchensk would have played this function at the zeya hydroelectric power station, all this again. that our predecessors made the right decision to build the first large hydroelectric power station in the far east on this site, by the way, it’s an interesting coincidence construction on zey coincided with the filming of a famous film. well, you are welcome to visit us in kolyma. no, it’s better if you come to us. but now it’s interesting that just on the kolyma river, which is also the far eastern federal district and construction and engineering 10 personal permafrost is up to 300 m deep, but everything was built and, for understanding, according to the project they have a useful reservoir capacity of 8.8 cubic kilometers. this is almost

20%. one-fifth of the useful reservoir volume of existing hydroelectric power stations in the amur region. that is, what kind of additional flood control effect. it should be if we add here the effect of, uh, development, uh, well, industry, which makes it possible to build a hydroelectric power station, uh, produce equipment, that is, the multiplicative effects of a hydroelectric power station , they, well, are recognized everywhere in europe north america asia africa latin america like you think who will be the leading builder of new hydroelectric power plants in the us they say if you have a hammer, the solution is a hammer? i work a lot in southeast asia and see great potential in indonesia philippines malaysia well, and on a separate topic, china is the biggest guest in the world. now in china they are on the border of brazil and it is characteristic that the chinese began to invest in hydroelectric power plants after the first caucasus was founded . industrial development was concerned with environmental problems, by the way, it was at hydroelectric power stations

that it became possible somewhere. come from a significant part of chinese investments in renewable energy africa itself, where the disastrous let the natural serve its own interests. it pushes consumption through industrial development, however. let's do it anyway back to russia we are looking at the reservoir of the verkhnebureyskaya hydroelectric power station in the amur region, and you noticed one picturesque, of course, but, of course, feature will make it easier. what a strange story the expanse of water beyond the taiga is like this between them. this is rocky slope, or what? this is what the bureyskaya hydroelectric power reservoir is, it is regulated annually , thereby creating a reserve counter -capacity to meet the new spring flood, that is, what kind of leash will not be there. it will simply fill the reservoir and yes, it is very fortunate that your painting hangs the way it hangs. it’s easy to explain about the bureya hydroelectric power station if the flood stopped it, but if suddenly

something else happens, nizhny bureya will insure it. yes , it’s absolutely true, as far as i even understand, that here, from a technical point of view, this is not even considered a river, but the beginning of the reservoir is the next movement, that is, floods on the river. bureev, in principle, are the same as there on the amur or zeya, but experts know about them, but the population does not see any flooding. yes, in the lower reaches, after the lower bureya hydroelectric station, lower below the bureya after the construction of the bureya hydroelectric power station, no flooding was observed at the hydroelectric power station. but in asia there is only one hydroelectric power station. despite all the anti-flood measures against the riot of the river, zee still cannot be underestimated. and although in the north and regions. it has been held back by a dam for many years now. here, almost 600 km from the ghz, the river again feels complete freedom, it enters from the shore, as if it dries up, then quickly drowns everything around so constantly, in order to contain the ze one dam is not enough downstream, the river is strengthened by large tributaries of the mudflow of life the virgo is large, except for the option of building a hydroelectric power station, it is difficult

to offer another way out, and therefore this idea is being seriously considered , the new lower zeya should help in taming the wayward elements. the hydroelectric power station