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at least one of them, even for a moment, stopped to think about what he was doing. we didn't make a bomb for hitler, but you didn't

you dumped it on hitler, you dumped it on whoever physics could. yes, this is a copenhagen physics play based on the play. michael frayn, production of the edinburgh lyceum theatre. she found it here at the moscow art theater. oleg tabakov about 20 years ago with the artistic director of the leading role, a fictional story of the meeting of two great physicists who worked on the creation of the atomic bomb, the german, vernor, heisenberg and the dachan nilsar, a passionate dispute about the immoral responsibility of the scientist for the fruits of his labors. one of the first to assess the danger of nuclear potential was the danish physicist niels bohr, the creator of the first quantum theory of the atom, paved the way for the use of energy from nuclear processes and felt responsible for the fate of his discovery after the war; scientists tried in every possible way to prevent competition in the field of atomic

energy and direct it into a peaceful channel. wrote memoranda and open letters. at the un , he sought meetings with the leaders of countries and called for a complete ban on the use of nuclear weapons, to ensure strict international control of the rear and at the same time to destroy the monopoly on the peaceful use of atomic energy after the successful test of the atomic bomb, the leaders of the manhattan project to robert openheimer. nahum received lines from the sacred hindu scripture bhagavad gita. now i have become death the destroyer of worlds - whether this is true or not is not entirely clear, but the scene is present in the latest biopic about the siege bomb. and although he never felt guilty about participating in the nuclear project, after the bombing of japan , oppenheimer became an advocate of the non-use of nuclear weapons and, together with albert einstein, founded the bulletin of scientists

nuclear scientists. it is a magazine and organization to warn humanity about the dangers of nuclear weapons. later, he openly opposed the nuclear race and the creation of a hydrogen bomb in the ussr after the first tests. the first nuclear weapon, its creator andrei sakharov , became a consistent fighter for peace and advocated the abandonment of nuclear tests. according to his calculations, the explosion of a one-megaton thermonuclear charge. capable of killing more than six and a half thousand people over 8,000 years. all this is supposedly due to mutations that radiation causes in the middle fifties against the backdrop of increasing. nuclear tests in london, an anti-war appeal by russell einstein was published in which scientists warned the public about the catastrophic consequences of using the hydrogen bomb and the need to consolidate the scientific community to prevent a global nuclear war, the manifesto was signed by 11

world-famous scientists, who later united in the pagush movement of scientists for peace headed by british physicist and radio biologist joseph roth back in the forties he worked on the manhattan project, but soon realized the possible consequences of using a bomb, he left it and became an active peacemaker. the conference marked the beginning of regular meetings, largely thanks to them , the moscow treaty of 1963 appeared, and the ban on testing nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, space and under water, as well as the treaty on the proliferation of nuclear weapons. and about the limitation of sampling systems in the mid-seventies, the ussr and the usa managed to achieve nuclear parity , the spouses julius and the rosenberg hotel contributed to this gave moscow the secret of the nuclear bomb. they believed that the presence of these weapons was destructive. only one state. the usa

will lead to a global catastrophe. did rosenberg become the only civilians executed in the united states for spying during the cold war? and we remember the torment of niels bohr and other founders of the atomic era not only because the world is again actively talking about the prospects of nuclear weapons. interesting story. happened to elon musk in a new book that was published the other day his biographer walter isaacson claims last year the entrepreneur refused to activate his starling over crimea because he learned that the ukrainians were going to use it to attack the russian black sea fleet. musk was afraid of nuclear war and sin. i didn’t want to take my soul. i created starlink so people could relax , watch netflix movies and play video games.

i didn't want to create something that could cause a nuclear war, musk allegedly said , then true musk according to the same biographer. i just decided to hand over control to the pentagon. i they say i didn’t sign up for this. why do i need war? and these torments? let the people in uniform answer themselves. no, not their collection, but in the case of an interesting area of ​​modern innovation. and musk is a shining example, always somewhere at the intersection with pr and show business. fashionably stylish, youthful. and now you have the questions of war and peace dima moral time. how does all this fit together now? let's talk to our welcome guest ivan danilin from mmo ivan hello, good afternoon , innovator. nowadays, we are generally concerned about the ethical side of activity, because it is after all, schools and creative flights should irritate me a little. well, let's classify it a little. what is

modern ethics? and ethics in science and technology in general. well, especially the guilty ones. this means that there is such a good traditional block , this is what is called personal or public , these, when scientists say this is wrong. yes, it does not correspond to religious, social or other international political humanistic considerations. well, let's call it oppenheimer's dilemma after the wonderful film, which caused such controversy. well, well, or it’s cold. yes, somehow, so to speak, more than such a well-known person in this field. that means the second piece. and this is when society, uh, including its not the most rational part, says something, probably, science will soon kill or horns will grow. yes , somehow well, the internet is killing your children absolutely yes, and immediately first it kills, then it corrupts, that’s why the regulated one appears. well, for example, the one that arose in the usa through stem cell research in the early 2000s, when severely limited these studies because religious groups, a, believed that this was wrong, but and so on, and there is

a fairly large block, uh, which uh. now it is not justifiably considered to be called, more precisely, ethics in its purest form. although in my opinion. eh, it’s not like that, it’s a whole set of completely different things. uh, first of all, this is precisely the innovation sphere, starting from popularization and propaganda. well, our law prohibits all these lgbt people, yeah, plus, that means gender and other issues and ending with geopolitics, that means, from a formal point of view, these too, that is, people say, this is ethical there. this is unethical in fact ethics. here, of course, there is also, but rather at the individual level, but to a greater extent. what is called a new dimension of competition, that is, when you have some kind of product on the market, so to speak. first you compete on price, then on quality and some unusual customization. yes, and then, well, everything is already closed. and you begin to compete

in some new directions, including ethics, yes, that is, you say, this is ethical, this is not ethical, but here i have wait , this is about the same thing to accuse, there, i don’t know the chinese, that they use child labor. yes, yes, only at the commercial market level. that is, this is the same country when we could blame the chinese, well, not us, but our not friendly competitors partners. yes, that means they say that something is wrong with the chinese, this is such an inter-competition, but there is also such a completely internal competition between startups and so on, where there is, then, there is competition, by how much faster it is than the start. and this concerns. how. as a matter of fact, some specific developments and organization of activities. damn, my colleague works at a canadian startup. and then we contact him there. this is our former one. so to speak, compatriot. he will tell me that one of their main problems is that they have very few transgender people and other people in their startup. this is unethical. now, they may be accused of stopping buying their product. here they are now. well, some

time ago they were urgently looking for a new one employees in order to increase the so -called diving network. yes i am not in any way. understand correctly, i am not making fun of the problem itself before the version. as such, it really exists and it needs to be addressed. and, by the way, it makes sense that the soviet union also solved this problem. that is, it really exists, well, it’s just that any problem taken to the point of absurdity turns into a farce in a certain sense of the word, so, well , of course, there is purely international competition. here, like some. well, for example, here is the ethics of artificial intelligence. yes c one side. this is a really significant problem. well, that is, it is objective when we well, for example, as you remember there was a joke about google, uh, one of these, so to speak , experiments with an artificial foreign country, which turned out to be very russian, because it had the wrong choice. they gave it to the police where they needed it. and even then there was a joke that the most cultishly honest american was google’s artificial intelligence. that means this problem has a technical regulatory nature, but when we reach

some higher market level, probably international competition, then there are all these ethical codes that are being developed by europe and the usa, for example, and within the framework of the big seven there were documents and so on, china on the other hand. well, it also turns into, in fact, what is called a non-tariff restriction, when well , essentially speaking, by this you mean, just a way to prevent a competitor from entering the market. although formal. i will repeat under each individual piece from this ethics. there are very real ethical issues there. okay, but the incident that gave us the reason, yes discussions about this is the story that supposedly took place in starling, which actually goes back to more. well, if it can be, so to speak, primitive. more basic forms, that is, the emergence of technologies that obviously increase the lethality of combat operations. and so, if such torment as was previously experienced by physicists who understood what atomic energy meant, for example. with

the advent of nuclear weapons, both american and soviet strategies wanted to understand the extent of the impact of nuclear weapons on the human body. i was interested in the ability of troops to overcome the zone of a tactical nuclear explosion and then enter into battle, when they decided to conduct a test with the participation of people , the americans were the first from fifty-one to fifty-seven. nine high-level exercises under the desert rock program took place at the test site in nevada, during which more than 15 nuclear bombs of varying power up to 200 km were detonated, and the ability of troops to operate in the territory immediately after a nuclear strike was tested. the soldiers and officers were at different distances. alone in twenty of it immediately after the explosion of the atomic bomb. the second exercise using nuclear weapons took place in the ussr

on september 10, 1956 at the semipalatinsk training ground. it was a helicopter landing of a parachute battalion following an atomic attack. then an air-nuclear explosion with a power of 38 kt was carried out at this program of combined arms exercises using nuclear weapons in the ussr was completed. and there is definitely such torment. uh, but they, as always, are mainly implemented in peacetime. the point is that here are a few years ago. and google amazon has several other companies there, which means that there was a rather serious internal discussion about, uh , the ethical acceptability of working for the pentagon on one and not just a completely military project. and google engineers. we just took a very principled position. and there, in general, this contract fell through for them, as far as i remember, uh, the problem is that uh, in my humble opinion, all this works while they

start. here's some kind of, let's say, more serious story, when all this ethics they begin to break things down, roughly speaking, well , somewhere on the objective side, somewhere on the subjective side, people interpret international events differently. they may decide that, well, yes, there are some kind of robot killers, so to speak, it may be unethical. well, now you see how evil it is. you get tired, otherwise it will already win and will be completely unethical. in general, quite strange, it seems to me, well, i don’t know, maybe not strange, on the contrary, naturally, but some kind of trend that we didn’t seem to prepare for, that there was a feeling that technologies that they are improving they are improving they are already beyond the bounds of fantasy. and it is they who determine it, and the fact that we are now seeing military operations taking place not only in ukraine but in general is generally a classic. it's like this people are blood. it's soil and all that. this one

does not contradict the other, at all. it seems to me that each other is a wonderful complement. i would say, so i’ll pick up a little academicism with your permission. yes, lord yes, and when we look at some reactions, the media there are stories the tampa expanse, there are consulting works development institutions, we always have the feeling that the future has already passed somewhere. and we are already there in full swing learning towards the singularity. here, and this is the so-called red queen's dilemma from lewis carol. remember there what it means in our world, in order to stay in one place you have to run as fast as you can, and in order to get somewhere you have to run twice as fast. yes, alice was mirrored there, which means, uh, the problem is that uh , the reality of innovation is much more pragmatic. yes, that is, uh, well, if look at some objective economic show, there is simply labor productivity, the rate of increase in labor productivity. there is a set of factors of production and other boring things. no one is interested at all, except for people of my profession, then

we haven’t seen any kind of revolution there over the past 20-30 years. now, there is even a reverse process and there are a lot of sharp-edged hypotheses. why is this happening, and uh, this whole story with those technologies, again, it’s more about competition. well, that's how it is the novgorod thing is won by the one who screams louder, so we somehow for a long time accepted this whole shout only about the fact that now everything is determined by technologists. we are already practically in the bright future. if not there, then on the way to it, technology will sort everything out; everything will be there now. at face value. and now that life has somehow returned a little to its simpler forms. mmm, it seems to me that to more famous people, for example in africa in latin america, they are somehow more accustomed to the majority, like do they say yes now? yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes it turned out that in general many questions that turned out to be fundamentally important to us are not so important and we returned. here, well, to such things, maybe a little bit shady, maybe

a little bit not palette-correct somewhere. well, in general, it’s clear that this does not cancel the category. the fact that technology is developing is that we are all together, as humanity goes. i hope what color the future was. well, you're absolutely right. here. uh, at least in some areas that's the blood there soil and everything else. eh, just like banal economics, they simply retain their meaning. now this has become more visible again, well, because external conditions have changed, which no longer give us the opportunity to engage in any kind of food, then the last question is pointed. can we say what's next in the future of technological success? eh, more than anyone. well, so to speak, the one who will achieve the most success is the one who can resolutely reject all moral conventions. i hope that these will eventually be in the light the human future will, of course, win. it seems to me that it is better to have a morally justified

decision than a non-morally justified one, but it seems to me that this issue has never bothered much, and neither the culprits, nor businessmen, nor anyone else knows this very well, history. colleagues from the oil and gas sector told me that this means that europe has an oil refinery there. it's all clean there and so on. you come there to some nigeria. well, everything there, of course, is somewhat simpler, although it would be the same company. what do these have to do with it? yes, that's uh hmm i think that, uh, no matter how cynical it may sound , the winner here will be the one who still does not abandon the issues of development efficiency, because ethics and efficiency cannot be ignored. if there is not one, then the second. in general, it is pointless to maintain some kind of reasonable balance, er, and balance. this one is still needed for two simple reasons, which means i ’ll now put military innovations aside. i am and i hope i never will be, not only for personal reasons, but for some reason i think that

this is somehow not quite my thing. so, what is human development? this, well, global development development. first of all, these are the people here, and people want to live there in relatively comfortable conditions, to realize themselves, and so on. in my opinion, it is impossible to come up with anything more ethical. and so, if we talk about some kind of global development, then the main ethical task is still to return to man, but here he did all this more effectively and will create more successful conditions for his development. that is, people will come there , talent will come there, and so on. as for such technical ethics, i don’t the feeling that something will change radically in the next 20 years and that it is possible to solve this problem in a more pragmatic manner. well, yes, as in my childhood they said everything is for the good of man, everything is in the name of man, the cpsu bees did the right thing, taught the right thing, and did a little worse. yes, but the message is true. thank you

very much. ivan danilin was our guest. this week our publication registered headlines like russians will be stripped down to their panties in the european union, the reason was the explanation of the european commission, according to which sanctions are subject to and accordingly can almost any belongings of citizens of the russian federation could be confiscated because all of them could theoretically be sold in the european union, and this violates the sanctions regime, a fuss arose, then they explained that the force and personal belongings would most likely not be touched. but cars for sure, and other things. well, some countries immediately saw the discretion of specific countries, for example, in full the baltics, but this is an understandable phenomenon, generally an illustrative example of what happens when three things are combined - a value

imperative that has become a political lever to the circus. the way of thinking of the bureaucracy, well , biased attitudes towards a certain contingent, the normal set of tools of european integration has always been used, we just haven’t come across anything personal before, just modern europe. come on, take everything off you. renting yut bought with stolen money what did they wear? what heated up with his clothes. take everything off. paradigch, like me i'm like wow, this was an international review, goodbye. the donbass

region is very sporty, now, of course , no games are held here due to constant shelling from four people, training rooney had to be protected athletes were also called up. i was happy to come to training. i’m coming back, even the world saves, also

alexandra 93 lives in the sewer . the exhalation of my unit there were a lot of drug addicts. they said that confidence in one’s actions appears. those pills that we saw are a serious tranquilizer, a person forgets what pain is, fatigue, everything that is used in ukraine is made in a factory manner, a research institute and nato most spray based on alphavin. and then

similar activities go on all over the world , dozens of those same biological laboratories in ukraine immediately come to mind . we will take on this matter. it will be an honest detective. we watch educational programs and documentaries to explore the world .

manned spacecraft soyuz ms-24 successfully docked to the module dawn of the russian segment of the iss how everything went will be told by evgeniy nipyt 2 km from the 31st launch complex of baikonur launch vehicle soyuz 21a launches into orbit the manned spacecraft ms-24