dali our broadcast will continue, the author's program of kirill vyshinsky, typical, novorossiya, you will learn about the city of solidarity. why is it called that and what makes it unique? hello, kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this is a typical novorossiya program; our name says it all, we are talking about the territory that has returned to its historical roots, and novorossiya with the help of a careful look at history. we will try to reveal the uniqueness of her present day and find typical features and recognizable signs of the past. and that's what we'll talk about today. and grain to coal and metal, which

was traded around the world, novorussia. what are the prospects for foreign trade in the region today and in the future? conversation with an expert of the salt in the earth program, unique deposits of solidar? one of the main historical goals of russia in the struggle for the territory, which was then called novorossiya, was access to the southern seas, the sea of ​​azov and the black sea, the opening of its own trade routes in the mediterranean region peter of the 17th century. started moving south. from the azov campaign he conquered the azov fortress and founded the city taganrog already under catherine the great in the 18th century. it will become the largest trading port of russia in the south through taganrog, the main flow of russian grain, one of the main sources of export income, by

the end of the century it accounted for 2/3 of the turnover of all southern russian ports; grain was delivered from the southern regions of russia along the don river or through the eyes of chuman by land. in the nineteenth century , new trading ports appeared on azua and the black sea coast. harbors odessa kherson mariupol berdyansk grain was transported to these ports not only from volyn or podolia, but also from ekaterinoslav and kherson provinces, the large-scale development of industry and the construction of railways made them not only the main place for sending grain, but also new items of russian exports of coal , ore, metals. odessa, which in the first half of the 19th century developed rapidly thanks to the free trade regime of the port of franco, by the end of the century had one of the most equipped ports of the russian empire annually.

more than 40 million poods of grain were exported through it, and at the peak of trade there were over millions by the end of the nineteenth century. under all ports belarus accounted for more than half. and almost a quarter of the import operations of all russian seaports on the eve of the first world war ; about 70 of the country's export cargoes were transported by ships of the black sea-azov basin during the years of the first soviet five-year plans to these ports. they were not only restored, but also modernized in odessa and kherson , new berths were built to expand grain exports in mariupol, nikolaev and kherson, powerful elevators with deep-water berths were equipped after the great patriotic war, the soviet union built on there are new ports on the black sea, ilyichevsk under ukraine was renamed chernomorsk and the southern

main shipping hub to mariupol became the sea gate of donbass, a threat to turnover; it was the second port of the ussr after odessa in the seventies. the azov directorate of the black sea shipping company became independent; it included the ports of mariupol berdyansk kerch in the mid-eighties, the three southern shipping companies azov danube and black sea handled about 40% of all cargo transportation of the ussr maritime fleet. how trade was formed and developed through novorossiya. what could be her prospects in the story of anna efimova? come on, come on. the mariupol port is the main sea harbor of donbass. in the old days, cargo turnover

here reached 15 million tons. most of the cargo was coal, metal, steel, cast iron, today they are mainly shipped. while the mariupol port is focused primarily on receiving construction materials, which are delivered here for the restoration of the city in 2023, the port has processed over 78,000. t of cargo monthly. it accepts up to 15 ships, of course, according to compared to previous figures. this is not so much, but a start has been made, given that after the hostilities the port infrastructure has not yet been completely restored. this is a good foundation for the future plans today. uh messages. we are now planning to expand the range of goods that will be sent and improve the cargo flow. we are growing at a small pace and are working to ensure that both cargo turnover and

shipping increase by at least four. at ports other than mariupol - this is berdyansk, where the authorities plan to deepen the waterway for the passage of ships with a larger carrying capacity, genichesk, which was little used for its intended purpose and became so shallow under ukraine that it was unable to accept serious cargo, as well as the port of skadovsk in the south of the kherson region. in 2020, the unprofitable facility was put up for auction; restoration of the port began only after the start of a special military operation. however, if we take it separately, the azov region. now the main question is what its comprehensive development strategy in new territories will look like; it is being developed by the dpr government together with agency for strategic initiatives. after all, if the azov coast is turned into a recreational cluster, then there will be large ports with tankers and dry cargo ships. there, apparently , will be of no use at the same time if we are talking about a complete large-scale revival of the industrial potential of the region. it is extremely important to navigate the market demand and

the existing transport infrastructure. today, the biggest question is probably in connection with sanctions, in connection with restrictions on the export of various products from the russian federation today. the question is not whether to create an enterprise or produce a product is the key question today. where to sell it at the same time , given the reorientation from the european market to trade with developing countries, that is, global trade with the south, the importance of maritime transport and logistics centers in the azov-black sea basin will only increase in 2023. russia plans to send up to 20 million tons of petroleum products to africa; compared to last year, the volumes were much more modest? only eight million tons, and we are not talking about crude oil, but oil refining products and diesel engines, the turnover of the basin port was higher than other directions and amounted to, for example, 31%, and of the total

cargo turnover of the russian port in 22. years and already 33% of the total cargo turnover for the first half of 23 years, while routes from southern ports are near europe east of the indian ocean country. another promising direction for the development of logistics in the region is the so -called international transport corridor north, south, which through the house will connect the caspian sea with the azov sea with year-round navigation. azov caspian sea will allow full use the capabilities of internal hydras. junctions, for example, the bagaevsky one, which is currently being built in the rostov region, as a result, ships will be able to pass where they previously landed; the volume of transportation on inland waterways should increase from russia’s trade with iran, which is actively buying our grain and oil is being redirected from the black sea basin towards the azov and caspian seas has changed a lot in terms of logistics. and if previously

russia received goods from china, for example, through europe b in particular through amsterdam from vent verbena, now these goods need to be brought in directly from china, uh, without entering the ports of the european union where the russians do not allow here, accordingly, the load on the ports on the one hand has increased, because we are forced to compensate for the loss of the european market for due to the active use of the fleet, and on the other hand, this load has been redistributed. per euro pu to the far east ozlovoy black sea basin also pulled part of the flows cargo turnover of southern seaports this year increased more than by 18%. this is six times more; compared to the baltic indicators, the total volume of cargo transshipment according to rosmur data also increases. speaking of the fleet, the cargo turnover of russian seaports in the first 8 months of this year increased by 8.7%

and amounted to more than 600 million tons. however, the main problem now is to export serious goods from nowhere, but rather, rather than lacking about 400 ships of various types only for grain carriers deficit from 60 to 80. e ships. well , coal miners also need more than 100 uh of cargo for export. fuck well, that's why it's the most important question. what we now have is not the capacity of the ports, but rather the presence of our own fleet, which would allow us not to overpay for freight. well, and actually, in principle, stop depending on anyone to transport anything. so far, only one tenth of russia's cargo is transported. by the way, the development of maritime logistics, taking into account the construction of domestic ships or their acquisition , according to expert estimates voiced during the recently held eastern economic forum, can bring the country

gdp growth by as much as 20%. and in this process ports on mars certainly play their role anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova typical novorossiya. we will talk about the prospects for foreign trade of novorussia with our regular expert, political scientist and historian rostislav ishchenko. rostislav, good afternoon. good afternoon, rostislav, in the 19th century , novorossiya became a resident of europe in the 20th century, and in 21, uh, cheap metal was already being exported from it. but now, uh, and in the future, that it can become the main content. uh, in personal trading in novorossiya with the understanding that in the industry, in general, recovery this region, you will have to invest a lot of money and time. well, firstly, the war must end in order for at least some

trade to begin. secondly, this is metal from novorossiya. for a long time they will be exporting videos of burnt tanks in the form of mines, which will be cleared there, there, and so on. and this is also a very big problem of bringing the landscape into a state in which it can, uh, in principle, be the basis for some kind of economy or, only then, for trade. this means that further foreign trade always precedes within me, that is, at the beginning it is in any in a state at any time and historically , internal trade relations are established at the beginning and only then arise when the internal market, so to speak, is saturated, when surpluses arise. after this, foreign trade begins. well, then we can fantasize in the 18th and 19th centuries , at the beginning of the 19th century, novorussia had a predominantly agricultural climate. red soils, therefore, plus the fish wealth of the black sea of ​​azov. actually, agricultural

products were supplied both to the domestic market and to the external market, which means that if on the external there was grain and meat, then there was fish on the inside, and the wealth of gardens and vegetable gardens was also shot all the way to moscow and st. petersburg in the 20th century. uh, due to the fact that ore wealth was found now due to the fact that coal mines were developed due to the fact that all this was close to each other and uh, the metal smelted there was relatively cheap. novorossiya became the center of metallurgy and, accordingly, in its exports, a decisive role for it, too, after active coverage of the domestic market. this tables began to play a decisive role in production. it is impossible to imagine that after the war for the foreseeable period i repeat, given that in terms of prices it could not compete even as an integral part

of ukraine where there was very cheap labor and very cheap energy. this means that it will be able to compete now in the immediate post-war period with world environmental centers, which means that metallurgy is a product that will be exported. you can, in principle, forget, but about agriculture, and, in principle, about food industry. you can remember, because this is something that does not require huge investments, because the earth is here, but you just need to clear it, please, the sea. it’s here, that means put it in order, and please, that means the gardens. here they are under your feet, just work with them and, please, the products will go, and it is also not by chance that they can be ported. uh, uh, they came to ukraine at one time. you are in novorossiya mainly, because the food industry was concentrated in

transcarpathia and novorossiya. mostly ukrainian means european manufacturers also came. by the way, the russian manufacturers who built enterprises there processed local products and supplied them to the ukrainian market. so they supplied goods outside of ukraine, all the way to kazakhstan, which also does not complain, in principle, about the lack of these economic capacities and, accordingly , it is not only possible, but also necessary to bet on whether it will work out, so those sanctions that now exist and which will certainly be introduced. eh, in the future they will kill it's perspective. uh, foreign trade in russia , or at least, is hampered. i have already said that the war must end at the beginning, and the west is fighting us with advantages through sanctions, which means, of course, that from forty-one to forty-five. we didn’t trade with germany; they imposed sanctions, apparently there was military action, which means it’s the same now. eh, it won't kill the economy. that is,

because the economy will still be focused on the domestic market and people, as soon as they end, where theirs ends as soon as the fighting ends. it will work normally and efficiently. but it’s really needed for foreign trade. it’s not just that the world needs cooperation. well , again, we can supply grain to china and will supply grain to china, including grain grown in novorossiya. although it is simply closer to news from other regions of the chinese new russias, it will lead to europe, egypt and whatever. and for this and to turkey and for this you need, in addition to desire, and before turkey you will buy, right? but it is still necessary to create safe conditions in the black sea so that they didn’t sail, the ukrainian mines that were ripped off near odessa in all koreas, so that ukrainian uncrewed boats, which can ram and ram, explode not only , uh, warships, don’t sail there. well, trading states cannot completely block foreign trade, but the smell can

limit it, create difficulties and make the process more expensive. this will make the products of novorossiya less competitive, but there will still be competition, especially in certain markets. what are the optimistic assessments of the external trade potential of novorussia, he says, uh, restoration of the population coming out of the smoke hole, economic recovery will grow and production will grow, production will grow, accordingly, export potential will grow and you understand what seemed, say, a miracle there in the eighteenth or nineteenth century, this means that they have never produced so much, never sold so much now. in general, these are relatively modest numbers. this means that even for some people they are funny, because production potential increases, accordingly, export opportunities increase and there would be a buyer, and again there will always be a buyer, because uh, when the confrontation ends. sooner or later it will end, europe will have very big problems, including problems with the delivery of medical

household products, because now, as a result of rising prices, it is becoming less specifically capable and while it is making money, yes, the european farmer survives due to the fact that sanctions allowed europe to practically close its domestic market. so competing products under sanctions will run out, the market will open, the novorossiysk manufacturer will come there again. i would really like to see how dutch farmers will compete with novorussia. and actually according to the famous proverb. just put a stick in the ground and it will grow, but there you need gigantic subsidies from the european union. that’s another question: will it exist in 5 years or not, and will it have money to subsidize something? thank you very much for the interesting and detailed story. solidar city in donetsk the people's republic became widely known in january of this year. there were heavy battles there,

during which it came under the control of russian fighters. and although the solidary is still close to the line of military contact, plans for the future of the city with a self-explanatory name are already being discussed; the extraction of salt for sale in these places began in the 16th century, when around the cossack settlement on the bakhnutki river arose. in the settlement of salivars, local residents evaporated salt from small salt lakes and wells; fishing turned out to be profitable ; over time, a whole industry was formed. from extraction and processing to transportation and sale of the famous chumaks. the scale is impressive and today, in the middle of the 19th century , up to millions of pounds of salt were exported from here annually. in the second half of the 19th century, in the area of ​​the current solidary, geologists explored large

underground deposits of rock salt. they began to extract it using the mine method and in 1881 it was launched. the first mine has been mining for more than 140 years, with interruptions due to the civil war, german occupation during the great patriotic war and the current fighting in the mines during soviet times. artyom salt produced approximately 40% of all table salt. the ussr set a record in the ninety-first, more than 7 million. in 2012. here, the maximum over the last 20 years was mined 3.5 million tons , about half a million tons of this production were exported to russia about whether the salt of novorussia can appear on our table in the story of olga mokhova the most a large salt shaker,

if not in the world, then in europe, this is exactly what the gift with its underground treasure is often called, colossal treasures were formed in the place of a shallow bay that existed 250 million years ago it is difficult to find rock salt deposits similar in volume or quality; the geography of donbass itself is extremely interesting. so why is she interesting? what’s interesting is that the side is the deepest. the depressions are not a seller, of course, there is very little like this on the planet in china, for example, so the average global layer of sedimentary rocks is about a kilometer, but here in the layer it reaches almost 20 km. we explored only the upper ones, about two kilometers away there is an important spice and an excellent preservative without salt anywhere. this any housewife will say, but in terms of its chemical composition, rock salt from two donbass deposits, artyomovsky and slavyansky, is without exaggeration a mineral of life. it contains

almost all natural trace elements. the salt is of very good quality and has a distinctive feature: it contains 98% sodium chloride. still in our salt. it is labeled approximately 94 95% kazakh salt 90 t95%. moreover , it is clean, because it was formed long before the environmental problems of the earth and lies in convenient layers that are easy to develop if coal is black gold of donbass the rock is loose and it is necessary to constantly strengthen the underground vaults, then the white gold of solidar, the salt, is thicker and holds itself together, unlike coal, which usually lies there in thin layers, if the layer is a meter thick. this is already good. so, and here it rarely happens, there is a lot of thickness. but the salt lies in very thick layers, sometimes tens of meters away , and you can literally drag it there to scoop it up. well, almost shoulder straps, there or by kamaz trucks, almost until 2022 , 15 countries imported table salt from donbass

central and eastern europe and the cis with millions of tons per year, recently only 1,200,000 were mined here, half of which was bought by russia when in january 2015 rospotrebnadzor introduced a ban on the purchase of salt. and it was transported from the territory of ukraine to the artyom enterprise salt. it was hard. it's okay . this means a three-day working week reduced production volumes. many were able to increase supplies to hungary and poland. so it continued until 2,000 in 2016, when russia allowed them to bring table salt to us. he resumed so the volumes were comparatively small, somewhere around 200-300,000 tons per year, for more than 100 years, the local salt mines formed a system of tunnels almost 300 km at the bottom of the dried up ancient ocean, as in the kingdom of the snow queen, it was not without reason that local residents loved to joke that salt was more interesting underground than on earth b

these mines will someday rest from the working conditions, people will perhaps be treated here, because the air with a temperature in winter and summer equal to 16 °, with salt they breathe easily and will set fantastic underground feasts in crystal halls with wonderful resonance the author of the periodic table of chemical elements, who visited the donbass three times, was right here underground at a depth of up to 300 m, another city with a museum, a temple, a concert hall, a football field and spa hotels managed to have a salt symphony sanatorium, people from all over came to treat pulmonary skin and neurological diseases. there was the first experiment in the world where an air step flew there. imagine underground so that not a ball, but exactly about four hours, it stops completely. 2022 due to hostilities

the ten-thousandth solidary was empty, some of the mines were mined by soldiers in full force, and the city itself was practically destroyed to say reliably that now underground it is not yet possible and it is only clear that artyomovskaya salt is needed and like salt people need work, because more than 2.5 people worked at the four artyom salt mines thousands of people are very important, but to retain the potential that was previously there. and now our task is to find an anchor investor who will then begin to work with those people who were previously at the enterprise about the enterprise hmm there was a high production culture, and, accordingly, very valuable people. we already have, uh, certain requests from investors. well, even i would say it’s very much aligned on this asset, and companies are already coming with specific plans, despite the impressive volumes of production for all time. 250 million tons

of salt - this is only 3% of the total reserves of the deposit underground. according to various estimates, up to 15 billion tons of this vital mineral lie throughout the world . it would be enough for 45 years, and for some individual countries for hundreds of years, or even millennium olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev typical novorossiya. that's all we wanted to talk about. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. see you soon.

in the moscow region, a second collapse occurred in a nine-story residential building in balashikha where a gas exploded. three rescuers found themselves under the rubble; the number of deaths in the gas explosion rose to three people under the rubble, at least two more. this is a woman with a child who evacuated 170 people. they were transported to a temporary accommodation facility. all the latest information. margarita semenyuk she is now on direct communication from the scene of the emergency by margarita again. hello, we are waiting for all the latest information from you.