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our name says it all, we are talking about a territory that has returned to its historical roots, about novorossiya, with the help of a careful look at history, we will try to reveal the originality of its present day, find typical features, recognizable signs of the past, that’s what we’ll talk about today . those who are always with children are the army of teachers of new russia. what kind of teacher is needed in new territories? conversation with a program expert. hierodotus of novorossiya, he created historical memory. on october 5 , russia celebrates teacher's day. in the year of the teacher -mentor, this is a special holiday, with honoring the best, a sea of ​​flowers and a lot of warm words.

however, the teacher has always been loved and especially revered in our country, he not only gives knowledge, he also educates and instills respect for the most important values, as in today’s novorossiya, the teacher is a figure no less significant than a military man or a doctor, there are a whole lot of them army, more than 35,000 teachers came to classes in many schools in donbass and other new russian territories, due to the danger of shelling, lessons are held remotely; in the dpr , only 2/3 have returned to face-to-face classes. in the lugansk people's republic, almost 90% of them have returned. in the zaporozhye region, all schools accept children, but due to the threat of terrorist attacks they are under armed guard.

one can only admire the perseverance and endurance of teachers who teach in such conditions. many of them, simply staying in their jobs, have already made things difficult. and the ukrainian authorities continue to threaten teachers in the zaporozhye and kherson regions with criminal charges. persecution for treason, money is offered for refusal to teach according to russian programs, some cannot withstand the pressure, but for the majority, the betrayal of their students is worse than the threats of ukrainian nationalists. russian educational programs are being actively introduced in new territories. standards, because in ukraine, teaching the russian language, literature and real ukrainian and world history was practically not carried out here, we have to start almost by convocation, while there are not enough teachers of the humanities,

russian, english, history, but the desire there is no way to get even in the ukrainian language; in the kherson zaporozhye region it is taught as a second language for classes ; a special manual has been developed: more and more textbooks are needed here from year to year. this year, 5.5 more students enrolled in the first grades of novorossiya than last year. about those who, following the great czech teacher janusz korczak , make the only choice in the most difficult situations. i'm with the children in anna efimova's story. good morning, children, hello, this is how natalya’s work day begins, teacher, english teacher with twenty-five years of experience, having experienced both independent ukraine and the unrecognized lpr, now

works in a full-fledged russian school. her former students graduated from prestigious universities and became successful people, each in their own field. today’s schoolchildren are no less ambitious in their ambitions; they also have their own big plans for the future. i have already been studying for more than 10 years, i prefer to say not my favorite, but the more necessary subjects that i will need in the future, these are russian, history, social studies, mathematics and english, because i want to connect my future life with jurisprudence, gymnasium number 3 is named after nadezhda fisenko, the heroic secretary of the underground regional committee of komsomo, who was shot by the germans on the night of december 2, 1942, and the building is located on the street named after the hero of modern russia, denis ivanov, who defended lugansk in 2014 and died in

the nwo zone. we invest in our children not only knowledge, but also teach them to be people, people with a capital “p,” so that the life that awaits them ahead of them. was not so difficult for them. transition to the russian system education in donbass took place in different ways. most of the schools in the lnpr and dpr did this gradually under fire for eight long years. however, for example, in mariupol, which became part of russia only after the start of a full-scale military operation, this process took place in a shorter period of time. we open it in the textbook, look for the formula, the demand coefficient. mariupol school number five, today the classes here are filled to capacity, children study in two shifts, according to the project the building is designed for 900 students, in reality there are more than 1,300 sitting at their desks schoolchildren. we now have 47 classes, and every year the need for teaching staff is growing, we are overcrowded, we do not have enough

teachers of physical education, english, mathematics, social studies, that is, uh, yes, these positions, they are filled, teachers read for one and a half hours per hour . but this is due to the fact that the occupancy of teaching staff is somewhere around 80%. despite the fact that a large reserve of personnel has been prepared in russia, now it is more than 98%. those who teach children in new regions are local teachers. courses a total of about 30,000 teachers have undergone retraining and advanced training; teachers’ salaries in new regions have changed a lot; they are higher than the russian average; in addition, there are also presidential bonuses, and the classrooms have been equipped with new textbooks and manuals on the shelves. in addition, schoolchildren now have the legal right to choose which language to study in, while in ukraine teaching in russian has been prohibited at the state level since 2020, but

the directors of some schools decided to use this right to take advantage of individually, for example, in the zaporozhye region, an ambiguous situation has developed, despite the opinion of parents, children from russian-speaking families are forced to study in ukrainian. there are few such cases, but they exist and are dealt with separately. and this was done in the isuit way. if you don’t want to choose ukrainian as your native language, then your child doesn’t care. speaks ukrainian as his native language, if he chooses russian as his native language, he receives it in the seventh or eighth lesson, well, accordingly, his parents approached to this, purely utilitarian, why does a child need to sit for another whole hour longer, especially since he won’t be able to escape from ukrainian anyway , if these cases are systemic, naturally, i, as the head of the commission for education and culture, and the zaporozhye public chamber, can ask these questions are relevant to the unborn officials who participated in this; this year the authorities of the neighboring kherson... region decided to open at least one school in the settlements of the front-line zone. children have not studied here

since covid and many have not left despite to the danger of shelling. however, falling shells are only the visible part of the war; there is another. len, they submit their photograph, signature, all materials are forwarded to the sbu. when you walk through the city, your neighbors turn around, they say to you, the light of the colrand. deputy yana lantratova has been to the donbass in khersonskaya more than once. in the zaporozhye region, from former ukrainian school libraries, she took out history manuals that were more reminiscent of the oun upa chronicle. when, with the advent of russia, textbooks changed and things began to be called by their proper names not everyone understood the radyan-german war of the great patriotic war and stepan bandera not as a hero, but as an accomplice of the nazis, teachers ready to teach in a new way. there were times when they put up banners in the courtyards, they threatened, and why was there pressure , because, well, wars... these are not generals, but parish priests, teachers, because teachers are the ones who bring

truthful information and ideology to children , when teachers came to russia, we met with them, they were so surprised at first, they said, naji, we are on the territory ukraine was told that you don’t have normal schools, learning english is prohibited in russia , that you sign a contract with teachers for a maximum of a year, renovated school corridors, high-speed which should be provided to all schools in new regions this year, computer classes, all this is just part of the big work to restore the secondary education system, the main thing in which is still always the teacher, ready to continue his work, even if only a few are enrolled in the first grade people, as in a front-line wave, these are just the realities of our life, we have five of them, yes, but we have fire, they will show themselves, donetsk and lugansk, melitopol and genicheskol, yasenovataya kokhovka hundreds of other settlements on the map of new regions of russia

they all live within the same borders, but given the specifics of the war, each in different circumstances, when local teachers are asked a predictable question: is there burnout, they are surprised. burnout does not happen at all, because every new day brings new emotions, we are alive people, we get tired, we have our own problems, but the work and rest schedule is why we eat within the walls of the school, in this sense , not only children have something to learn from each of these teachers. anna efimova, valery savelev, anastasia popova, typical novorossiya. we will talk with our regular expert, political scientist, historian, alexander vasiliev, about how they work and what problems teachers in novorossiya have today. sasha, good afternoon, good afternoon, sasha, we see a lot of messages

about how schools are being restored and built in novorussia, how new textbooks are delivered there, but who comes into the classrooms, who are these people who teach in novorussia today and with what mood do they come to their workplaces? it seems to me that the teacher should be at the center of the process and, of course, comparing what we are now observing that what has happened this year is, of course , a cardinal, cardinal step forward, because initially... you need to understand that, well, in different regions in kherson, zaporozhye , there seem to be their own specifics, but so in these regions, up to 50% of teachers were simply immediately so to speak, lost for school - people either left these territories , or refused to go to work , including continuing to actively function in the ukrainian education system online, remotely, and this, of course, was a very serious factor, in addition, the people who went there , returned, so to speak, to their teaching posts, i would say so, they were subjected to constant threats and there are chat rooms with blacklists where

their personal data is posted, to the point that these people were unfortunately treated continue to make direct threats of physical violence, including in ukraine, these people are considered collaborators, that is, they are simply those who remained in their jobs, those who continue to teach children, this is a very serious problem, yes, it must be said that the regions are working on attracting, among other things, specialists from russia, and this is very important, because we know, we have experience and also quite a difficult experience, from the soviet era, when western ukraine was annexed, and there bandera’s followers simply launched terror against the teachers who were sent there they were sent precisely in order to adapt the education system as a whole and develop it, nevertheless, people go and do things, including trying, which in general is absolutely true, and to attract financially, but still there are pedagogical universities there that continue to prepare personnel, well, not only teaching personnel for schools, we are going

to open new pedagogical universities, and besides, there are facts that people who left the education system are coming and returning to the education system, for various reasons, some... for financial, some for ideological reasons, some for other reasons, these personnel also turn out to be in demand. in the donbass, since the fourteenth year, they have been teaching in russian in the republics, in the donetsk, lugansk, zaporozhye and kherson regions, the russian language has been systematically squeezed out of the education system, and what about languages ​​now, there are some conflicts, and there is the concept of a state language, russian, yes, there are educational standards, there are also, since the russian federation exists, including the national republic there is the concept of native languages. u let’s say some officials, yes, there are stereotypes that since this territory was ukrainian, then apparently the native language there is ukrainian, it is urgently necessary to show statistics that we have so many ukrainian classes recruited, and so on and so on, yes, that is, this

well, this is the logic of the bureaucratic machine, but in fact, again, this is a problem, yes, that the native language is not the one that is written down somewhere, yes, but the one that... mastered first, in which he thinks, and of course , for the vast majority of children in this region, this is the russian language, but nevertheless, as far as i know, indeed, completely free parents choose a second language in which to teach their children, and there are ukrainian classes, textbooks, i will say, there is still a problem in this area that i, for example, i encountered it in the fourteenth year in the crimea, in the fifteenth year in donetsk, well, this is not even a problem, but the fact that there are teaching staff, but we should not assume that all teachers ... of the ukrainian language and literature, this is automatic, that means there are some disloyal people there, banderaites and so on, no, among them there are also those who are not indoctrinated there, and in this sense, remained in these territories, and their question, for example, is there, since they are philologists, yes, they can reorient themselves to the close russian philology, but this is not the case problems, but this also takes some time

, and we shouldn’t automatically throw these people out and throw out all of you teachers of the ukrainian language, we don’t need you, this shouldn’t happen, in the schools of navorosiya... russian education standards, what does this mean , how difficult or easy is this process? now this area, it is constantly in the process of reform, especially in ukraine, so many of these new standards were introduced there every time, but these endless reforms, so to speak, have already accustomed the system to the fact that people and the teaching staff adapt to it, but naturally, yes, there are, so to speak, fundamental subjects of the exact sciences; it’s easiest with them, of course. but the main question that worries me most is, yes, this is the humanitarian block, of course, today, especially in the conditions current ones, yes, which we are talking about, of course, attention to the teacher, attention to the teacher who teaches humanities subjects history and literature, it should not just be increased, but enormous, this is

incredible, one of the most important state tasks, and here it is very would help us, here... there is such a thing as a regional component, yes, but here it is in each, today from what i can judge, in each of our new regions, yes, it is its own, yes, here i am i know that in lugansk there is something like this a textbook on the history of the lugansk region, which is given to schoolchildren, and this is correct, it is necessary, naturally good, but we , unfortunately, do not have such a common narrative of novorossi, adapted for school, and it is very important, this is our task, our program , yes, when we talk about a typical novorossiya, this is precisely to show that this is the point of view from which it explains... well, in general, the events taking place today and , in general, puts everything in its place, so of course, i would like yes, so that including us in this humanitarian bloc, the emphasis is precisely on novorossia and for new regions, which would allow this , well, transition period from one model, so to speak , from one picture of the world that

existed at school, and to a new picture of the world, and just very seriously, there would be it would be of great help if this were formulated and fully implemented in education , both in history and in the field of russian literature, it needs to be emphasized that it wasn’t just some teacher who came there, some teacher came from somewhere... and for the children , somewhere there, i don’t know, there near mariupol in yes, he tells the school that there is such a russian writer, chekhov, no, you need to understand, yes, that this is the person who gave birth to this region, was reflected in his work and gave it to russian literature, enriching it as a whole, that’s when such a connection will be developed precisely at the level of the school curriculum, this, by the way, is useful for all of russia as a whole, but if teachers, among other things, emphasized such things, and then, well, i repeat, it would be much easier to understand the events taking place. sasha, thank you very much for the interesting and detailed story. we have talked more than once in this studio

about how the history of novorusia, the development of this region, becomes a field of controversy for all kinds of speculation. who was the first to settle here, who founded the largest cities, who turned the wild steppe into a habitable space. today it is no longer just a subject of research for historians. the answers to these questions have become central to the historical memory and self-identification of people living in novorossiya. therefore, archival research, collection and analysis of documents on the history of novorossiya, acquire special weight and significance today. only with the help reliable facts can cope with the flow of historical speculation beginning with phrases. as everyone knows, it is completely obvious, and so on. myths and fiction, even the most beautiful ones, are powerless against the contents of the archives. the list

of names who have devoted themselves to a serious study of the history of novorossiya is opened by apollo skolkovsky. a lawyer by training, in 1828 he joined the staff of the office of novorossiysk and besarabia. governor general. in the bureaucratic routine , skalkovsky saw the most important historical mission: collecting and organizing archival materials departments and regions of novorossiya. the originals of many were later lost and remained known only thanks to the works of apollo alexandrovich. through his efforts , a historical archive was established in odessa in the mid-thirties of the 21st century. for his books , a chronological review of the history of the novorossiysk region, and an experience in the statistical description of novorossiysk, apollo skalkowsky

received in scientific circles the nickname herodotus of novorossiysk, the father of the history of the region. about this man and his research in the story by olga mokhova. for his contribution to the study of history new russia. received not only the bright nickname herodotus, but also a number of awards, among which were the order of st. anne, first class, and the demidov prize, no less prestigious in russian scientific circles. i consider it my duty to express my humble gratitude to you for the essay you sent me. being from the novorossiysk region, and having spent my youth there, i read with a familiar feeling and remember everything related to southern russia and ukraine. apollo skolkovsky, of ukrainian-polish ancestry from the chernihiv region, was born in zhitomyr, in a city that became russian in the end of the 18th century after the second partition of poland.

his father, clergyman alexander skolkovsky, at one time found himself in these parts with the blessing of the metropolitan of kiev with the task of counteracting catholic propaganda. here we really had a very serious struggle going on between the orthodox elite, representing people like skolkivsky. and appallon by polish magnates who also wanted to control this territory, well, as they were used to doing this during the polish-lithuanian commonwealth. at first apollo studied at the university in vilna, but after his training, he continued his studies in moscow. as an expert in the polish language, he helped alexander pushkin in translating a poem by adam mickiewicz, with whom skolkovsky was personally acquainted. in relation to pushkin's plan, konradalen's arrangement. skolkovsky provided him with all possible literary assistance as a translator, although at the interlinear level. mickiewicz dedicated

a poem to skolkovsky, which skolkovsky. cherished like a shrine, it was an album poem, a poem of dedication. in odessa in the office of novorossiysk governor general mikhail vorontsov, he has access to study the archives of the novorossiysk region. skalkovsky served as head of the odessa statistical committee for more than 50 years. during this time, he became one of the founders of the odessa society of history and antiquity, the first to create an organized historical archive of the city and wrote a book on the history of odessa. the pearl by the sea owes him a lot. initially, in the russian empire there was an idea to create a university in the south in the city of nikolaev. it was skolkovsky’s note, with his thoughts about the fact that odessa is a much more important city in the south, and that it was there that the novorossiysk university should be organized, as such an educational center of the novorossiysk region, played a role. two

population censuses in the thirties and fifties of the century. in a very short time, he was able to obtain extensive information about the social status of the townspeople, their way of life, nationality, and degree of literacy. for this purpose , special questionnaires were drawn up and special representatives were elected as enumerators, who worked, it must be said, for free. behind several days before the census day, and the census was considered to be carried out in one day. counters were passed through households and distributed to household heads. questionnaires and those who filled out these questionnaires over several days, on the day of the census, enumerators again went around the household and collected the completed questionnaires. for his first historical work, skolkovsky traveled to several novorossiysk cities over 4 months, where he studied local archives. he saw the origins of the development of the region in the emergence of serbian colonies in the north of new russia in the early fifties xvi century, and its borders were determined in the same way as modern historians by the northern

black sea region and crimea. take a look at the map: three large navigable rivers, from the west the buk, from the north the dnieper, from the east the don and northern donets. since ancient times, trading boats had been lowered into the black sea and the sea of ​​azov, but traders thought with horror of living so close to the zaporozhye sich, tatar villages and turkish fortresses. in the fight against the crimean khanate and the ottoman state , the novorossiysk region was formed, the territory of which. developed as we progressed russian borders, according to skalkovsky, the path of novorossiya is not just a history of military conquests, but also a history of the development of previously empty lands. skolkovsky drew attention to the fact that this is a special region, which in a special way was part of russia, accordingly, slowly, gradually, step by step, but strictly, from the middle of the 16th century. not being a professional historian,

skolkovsky did not rely on the classics, but independently went through all stages of the research; it was he who discovered the archive of the last zaporozhye sich, and he was the first described the history of the goydomas uprisings of the 16th century, the latter became the cause of disagreement between him and the poet taras shevchenko. shevchenko was extremely indignant that skolkovsky, using polish sources, gave a negative assessment of people with whom he, shevchenko, personally sympathized. lived a long life for almost the entire 19th century, 90 years, he was in the literary circles of russia and he himself wrote in the spirit of walter scott, the manuscript of his autobiographical story is still waiting for its publisher, who knows what other valuable information his genius will give us. olga mokhova, anastasia popova, valery savelev, typical novorossiya is all we wanted

to talk about today. kirill vyshinsky was with you, see you soon. hello. international review is on air, fyodor lukyanov is with you, today on the program is international review, events of the week, chronicle, facts, comments, multipolarity technique, instructions for use, who benefits from it, in the end? ukrainian wind of change, congress.