[000:00:00;00] the question arises: what is the general reason for this whole company, if as a result of it ukraine will be destroyed as a state, public opinion in europe is for pacification, it would like the war to end as soon as possible, people would like the resumption of diplomacy, and some kind of a peace agreement based on compromise, even one that would require ukraine to cede territory to russia and limit its own sovereignty. increasingly , public opinion believes that the outcome is better than continuing the war to the point of complete self-destruction. disputes about who will pay for maintaining ukrainian combat capability continue to grow, the question is not only about money, there is also a question about their own weapons, european countries are reporting one after another that that’s it, their arsenals are exhausted, there is nothing more to give. what is happening in connection with ukraine is completely

unprecedented. how it all started, no one in a nightmare could imagine a proxy war between russia and the west on the territory of ukraine, and even with such ferocity that could lead to nuclear escalation. there simply weren’t any historical parallels of this kind, but if you still try to find these parallels, the closest thing that comes to mind is the first world war. i will name three similarities. the first is the july crisis of 1914, the assassination attempt in sarajevo, it... which ended in a pan-european war , no one seemed to want it, and the way this conflict is unfolding reminds me of that mood, the unintentional escalation, the second parallel, the nature of the bloodshed, human losses, especially on the ukrainian side, they are beginning to take on a scale comparable to the first world war, and the third parallel, during the first

world war there were calls . but everyone resisted these calls, the politicians did not want peace, because they believed that they were risking too much politically in this case, power, prestige . as a result, the massacre continued for an extra 2 years, at least. i see signs of the same now, but i hope that the public mood will force politicians to listen to reason. on european weapons potential and we will talk about the prospects for its development with a participant in the daya meeting and our good friend maxim shapovalenok. maxim, hello, hello, fedor, there are some new laments about the fact that weapons are running out, money for them is running out in europe, what is this, is this a political game or are there really problems?

i think there is both, uh, there is, of course, of course, i would call it not a very effective use of funds by the ukrainian side, because over the winter of last year and the spring of this year, a lot of money was spent, and purchases and transfers of weapons have been made, but we see that this did not bring any results on the ground, so there is certainly dissatisfaction, regarding ukraine’s european partners, with the way the funds were spent, there are really large losses in material terms, and there is, i i think there are, of course, unconditional elements of a political game here , but what we see is certainly associated with large losses, all reserves of soviet equipment were essentially raked out all over the world, not only in europe, and what is being supplied now from arsenals of western countries, this is all equipment

that would be guarded; it is also not endless, its reserves are not endless. in the summer of 2023, the council of the european union approved an act to support the production of ammunition. as a matter of urgency, brussels was ready to allocate half a billion euros for the production of shells, missiles and cartridges. but since the second world war, the european arms market has changed a lot. by the beginning of the 20th century, the british empire. was one of the largest creators and manufacturers of weapons. on the eve of the first world war they launched a good lee enfield rifle. through the efforts of the american hiram maxim, they mastered the maxim machine gun known to us and successfully bought the machine gun of another american, lewis, familiar to us from the white sun of the desert. he didn’t get along well at home with the army authorities. but the invention was appreciated in

britain. after graduation. britain was ill -prepared for the next world war; its own submachine gun, mainly due to its appearance, received a humorous nickname: however, the biggest decline, oddly enough, began during the war cold, nato standardization gave rise to fierce competition between western manufacturers, it was not diversity that was required, but a single standard, and the british were not very good at competing, because even their own elite units did not use english weapons, here is the famous photograph of thatcher with sas fighters who are armed with german submachine guns . it is not surprising that the iron lady decided to privatize the factories in prestigious enfield to make the purchase look attractive, along with production in

the team had a contract to supply the british army with its own l-85 rifle, but this weapon was not a commercial success, but it turned out that the land on which the plant stood was very expensive, production was closed, and the territory was given over for the development of offices and luxury housing. as a result, in britain there are only small arms companies that supply weapons to millionaires, such as double-barreled shotguns at the price of a rolls-royce, or sniper rifles, for example, the well-known company acyuracy international, weapons that are expensive, but rare and niche. france after at the end of the second world war, she was among the winners, she received mauser technology and walter production, so that on james’ favorite pistol. the gonda could have been labeled as made in france, but the french were unable to take advantage of this know-how ; the fate of their arms industry literally repeated british history. the failure of the famas rifle forced the government to privatize the state

arsenal at chetellerault, also known as the mas. in its place appeared elite housing blocks and a large archive. adopted german heckler and koch, and french. sweden received a domestic webre carbine, purchased, by the way, through germany, where it was slightly modified. since the nineties, spain has decided to follow the same path as france, but poland, the czech republic and bulgaria carefully maintain their production, although these are mainly soviet weapons, there is a powerful industry in belgium, italy and germany, although before the start of the ukrainian crisis berlin looked positively based on the experience of london and paris, a lot has changed now. you say that, in general, you had little influence on the course military operations, but still this is not entirely in vain, somehow, of course, if

it were not for this support, everything would be much worse, but here, we are really dealing with simply the destruction of equipment without much, i i’m not talking about operational ones, even without any special tactical results. okay, but regardless of the outcome of this company and the lamentation of the europeans, the defense industry will have a very intense time, because at least replenishing reserves, or creating something new, and how far europe is in this ready? well, i think, of course, europe is ready to a certain extent, but don’t stand to a great extent like the americans, after all, the americans managed to preserve, well, with all the consolidation of the defense industry that took place. in the backbone of their defense personnel in the nineties of the last century, they preserved industry, the europeans had the same processes taking place in europe, but there it seems to me that they minimized this to such a very critical level, and let’s say, if we

take - production , well, let's put it this way, consumables, and ammunition, then here the europeans certainly have a very bottleneck, including in the line of special chemicals, these are explosives, and gunpowder, and shell production, not to mention everything that requires a long execution cycle, there are armored vehicles, aviation equipment, anti-aircraft missile systems, the question here is simply, so to speak, whether ukraine has enough time to wait for the fulfillment of these orders, because the available stock, yes, that’s what i said, transferred, yes, it is already almost exhausted, everything else is already on level, so to speak, well, of security, of the european countries themselves, well, exactly, about not only in ukraine, but let’s say, a number of countries are already talking about the need for drastic militarization, like poland, yes, yes, yes, yes, that’s what it is , well, because firstly, it is necessary to get rid of the old, they did this, but so to speak, not in a row, but to a certain

level, because from a certain level, questions regarding national security and the fulfillment of bloc obligations within nato begin, so yes , they will increase production, but this will require time, of course. in medieval europe, perhaps the first mercenaries were the vikings, who were hired into the personal guard of the byzantine emperors, for example, the future... king of norway, herelt ii was the head of the emperor's guard. in 1474 , the french king louis 11 entered into an agreement with several swiss villages. he undertook to pay each of them 20,000 francs annually, and for this they had to supply armed men if the king waged war. this is how the swiss mercenaries appeared. in 1477 half the army of lorraine

the burgundian army led by charles the bold was completely defeated. then all the rulers of europe, in particular the holy roman emperor maximilian ii, drew attention to the swiss. habsburg. he hired them to train his army of german mercenaries. gradually, as they gained combat experience, the german lansknechts became competitors of the swiss. the 6th of may. in 1527 , during the war of the league of cognac, the out-of- control troops of emperor charles ii of habsburg broke into rome and attacked the eternal city. robbery and ruin. pope, clement ii. he managed to escape and took refuge in the castle of the holy angel. then the lansknechts killed most of the swiss guarding st. peter's basilica. since then, many european monarchies began to hire lanznechts. they often fought on both sides of the conflict, taking part in

campaigns against the moors in africa and clashes with the russian army of ivan the terrible in livonia. during the thirty years' war, they showed high efficiency; it is not surprising that in addition to salaries, the mercenaries received income from robberies in enemy territories. in the 14th century , the famous flights of wild geese began in europe, as the irish were called when they fled britain and entered french service. consisted of about 2,000 irish. in the 19th century, with the advent of the era of conscript armies, mercenary activity in europe almost disappeared. their services came in handy in africa in the second half of the 20th century, when the term wild geese, as michael huar's battalion in the congo was called , took on a new meaning, and stories about soldiers of fortune

received film recognition. but in the vatican , swiss mercenaries are still in demand day, the guard guarding the residence of the pope consists exclusively of them. zelsky recently made a loud statement that ukraine intends, in cooperation with western partners, there are almost 15 countries there, to turn into a powerful hub. such a place where weapons are produced for everyone, for the whole of europe, for the entire entire nato organization, well, it is clear that there is some advertising here, but ukraine, in principle, in the old days had quite a powerful potential, but of course, within the ukrainian ussr all enterprises of all nine were present defense, this nine defense ministries, all nine allied ministries that were involved in the production of military products, but here it is in the current... in the conditions, of course,

the old joke about an elephant in a zoo comes to my mind, which of course will eat he will eat, but who will give it to him, therefore, in the conditions in which the ukrainian economy is now, i very much doubt that they will be able to launch something serious, the production of something very serious, but if only not on their knees, then drones, they do something small, because firstly, and last year showed this, the energy system of ukraine, so to speak, is standing, its functioning is in great question, the first, by the way, retaliation strike after the first sabotage on the crimean bridge showed how easily this can be done, without serious energy capacities, it is very difficult to produce something so serious, so to speak, plus the enterprises themselves turn out to be objects of influence in the near zone, well, i think that we are not even talking about zaporozhye there anymore, but even in the deep rear they are exposed to our high-precision weapons, so i, i admit that they can

deploy something, but there is no need to talk about any serious production program, well, if you fantasize and imagine some kind of cessation of hostilities, one way or another, then , what remains is called the state of ukraine, there is no longer a risk of strikes there, in this hypothetical situation, can one imagine that ukraine will be used by others... will be used as a kind of platform, well , one can imagine, of course, but there’s also one aspect is the personnel composition of the defense industry, it has been largely lost, well, due to natural reasons , yes, because for 30 years soviet personnel left the industry, and i don’t really remember ukraine purposefully training specialists in these areas , in these interwar periods, as they say, so i also theoretically admit, but i think that, so to speak, their

personnel potential will be limited; if they produce something, they will focus on some very specific products. such as drones, yes, something serious will most likely be purchased through military-technical cooperation with nato countries. i see, thank you very much, our guest was maxim shapovalenko from the center for analysis of strategy and technology. the pentagon announced that it is transferring to ukraine a large batch of iranian weapons confiscated on the way to yemen. who would have imagined just recently that... the two major military powers in europe will fight on both sides with iranian weapons. advertising for the iranian military-industrial complex is simply first-rate. but not about that now, but we’d rather talk about

something peaceful, about fashion. when we talk about the fashion industry, the first thing that comes to mind is luxury style, but when we talk about iran, the conversation may seem strange. after all, the country has a strict islamic dress code and women wear hijabs, but ironically in muslim iran this industry is gaining momentum thanks to local fashion designers who are trying to combine islamic culture with modern fashion trends. the owner of this studio is leila al. bustani, she has a wealth of experience with her team of designers who study the latest trends in the fashion industry and sprinkle elements of islam into them. the thirty-nine-year-old fashion designer is counting. that hijab is not a hindrance at all, only then we will get islamic fashion. in iranian culture, women are always modest, but for those who want to combine beauty with modesty in their clothing, it is very difficult to find anything suitable in the market. even as a child, my mother could not find islamic clothing that suited my age. so she decided to sew it herself such clothes. and i wanted to open my own

studio of islamic clothing, which would be both fashionable and beautiful. now ms. albustani has her own showroom in the west of tehran. customers love its design and the number of orders is growing. we have been working for 10 years, at the beginning we had neither a workshop nor a store, now we have an atelier and two stores in tehran and a representative of our company throughout the country. in iran, women are required to wear a hijab in public, some also wear a button-up coat called a monto and a scarf covering their head. otherja prefer the chedra, a piece of cloth covering the head. fashion experts say that with a little imagination, the hijab can look fashionable and beautiful. when i go on the podium, i find myself on the same wavelength with the audience, i see and feel their emotions, they often ask me where i bought these clothes and how i tied the scarf,

even people far from islamic fashion react to me, they are influenced by elegance my clothes, despite the fact that i am wearing a hijab. even religious leaders who condemn glitz and glamour, believe that it is necessary to develop islamic fashion, which is in accordance with muslim commandments, because it introduces more people to the values ​​of islam. it's great that more and more companies are following islamic fashion. some women do not like the hijab simply because there is a lack of diversity in islamic clothing in society. islamic fashion provides this diversity. the imams of the ulema should... support her, while fashion designers are struggling to gain a foothold in the market, they are lagging behind in other things, on the streets of tehran you will not often see outfits from leila albuni, indeed, clothes from western designers are much more common, they are worn mainly by young people, but

surprisingly, this problem does not frighten leila, she views western fashion more as a new opportunity than a challenge. این western fashion forces me to compete and try to win, i must produce clothes that are attractive to young people, which means i must know and feel their tastes, i also cannot stay away from world fashion trends, we need to accept them, create a combined version that meets the standards our culture. until now, many women who observe the islamic code of clothing are not even familiar with the term islamic fashion. that's why simple ones predominate on the street. fashion trends remain on the sidelines because they are not supported by the state. experts say the industry is underfunded . designers are struggling to make ends meet while trying to stay afloat. clothing production is a difficult business, especially in the difficult economic conditions of our

country. the government should support all manufacturers, but fashion is in its hands not coming. true, the government is already taking steps in this direction. every year , the fajar fashion festival brings together the country's best fashion designers to showcase their designs, but experts say this is not enough. if the government provides us with media services, it will greatly help in promoting our products. we are still not on national television; many people don’t know us. another problem is smuggling. out of the annual turnover of the iranian clothing industry of $8 billion, $5 billion comes from smuggling. the reason is that it is more profitable to import clothes than to produce them domestically. smuggling is cheaper. than our products, because we import raw materials and sew here. most buyers prefer what is cheaper, but smuggled clothing has nothing to do with

islamic culture. no matter what, iranian fashion designers work hard to comply with the islamic dress code. it is clear that islamic fashion is still not in favor with the iranian public, but enthusiasts say that with enough support from the authorities, they can create demand for their stylish products. the week ended with news from oslo: the norwegian nobel committee announced the award of the 2023 nobel peace prize to iranian activist nargiz mahamadi, she is a fighter for women's rights, in particular , she actively opposes the death penalty, she herself is now in prison, serving another of her many sentences, decision quite traditional for the nobel

committee, it often gets burned with politicians, especially in recent years, before you have time to award the peace prize to one of them, he is already involved in some next war, so human rights activists are more reliable in this sense. in previous times, such a decision would certainly have had a very significant impact on... the internal political situation in the country concerned. now it is not a fact that universal moral assessments given from the outside, in general, do not necessarily cause any reaction in the respective countries, sometimes they do not cause any at all. these are also signs of multipolarity and a new kind of ethical pluralism. it was international review, this time from sochi. u... see you

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with high-precision weapons on pressure points of the armed forces of the russian federation the russian ministry of defense released a report on the actions of our army over the week; it contains nothing good