we all employees do the same job, just as it’s hard for a woman, it’s just as hard for a man, but everyone must cope with their assigned tasks and all the difficulties. hello, international review is on air, in the studio fyodor lukyanov. today the program includes international reviews, events of the week, chronicles, facts, comments. tension around the gas sector. the west is mobilizing. materials of our program. the choice is right. countries of history, the concept

of the free world, instructions for assembling on your own, how far technology has come, littering even started in space, a project of an international consortium. the military-political fire in the middle east is flaring up more and more brightly, capturing, fortunately, not new countries, but new areas. an unprecedented scandal. around the un secretary general. antonio gutierres, condemning the atrocities of the militants, noted that the hamas attack did not happen out of nowhere, the reason is that palestinian lands have been occupied for decades. israel called it an unheard of justification for terrorism and demanded his resignation. un representatives are threatened no longer issue israeli visas. this threat is not symbolic; blocking the work of ngos

in the region will affect hundreds of thousands of people. unrva or bapor is the un agency in the middle east to help palestinian refugees. the agency was created in december of forty-nine after the first arab-israeli war of forty- eight. its structures operate on the west bank of the jordan river, in the gas sector, as well as in jordan, lebanon and syria. it is the largest international humanitarian project in history, currently employing more than 26,000 staff, most of them palestinians. after the so-called six-day war of sixty-seven, with the consent of israel, all humanitarian aid was received through beauport. in addition, the agency is engaged in organizing education, healthcare, and providing other free social assistance to palestinian refugees, both in palestine and in neighboring arab countries. the main donors

are the usa, the european union, great britain, norway, sweden, from arab countries, kuwait and saudi arabia. according to un documents, bapor's mandate extends to a person in the ordinary whose residence was palestine for at least two years immediately before the outbreak of the conflict in '48, and who lost, as a result of the conflict, their livelihood. not only people are entitled to receive assistance. persons falling under this definition, as well as their children and grandchildren. of the 2.5 million residents of the gaza strip, a third consider themselves refugees from the first two arab-israeli wars. they all live in eight camps, the main ones being jabaleya, rafah, ashshaty and khan yunis. many don't have work and exist on subsidies from bapor. on the western bank of the artan there are 19 camps housing more than 800,000 refugees. in total

, there are about 60 palestinian refugee camps in the arab world. israel has repeatedly demanded the abolition of beauport, accusing it of ineffective and misused funds, as well as of supporting hamas militants, but in december 2017, the un general assembly adopted a resolution in support of the agency's activities. then 162 states voted for this document. at the same time, the un was attacked from the other side, turkish president erdogan accused the organization of worthlessness, how can one take seriously a structure that ignores the brutal murders of children, once again demanded its radical reform, this is a collective

term for people whose sexuality or gender identity differs from the majority . in the us they often speak out in defense of palestine. hamas militant on top. another american, michael ramirez, imagines the palestinians as hamas militants in a t-shirt, death to israel, and himself the palestinian asks: why can't we live in peace? metamorphoses - drawing by the spaniard pedripol. this is not a mistake, just a play on words. in spanish, matar is the verb to kill. halette chiradi from morocco, drawing called biased social networks. instagram and facebook users accuse meta of censorship. emad hajaj about the tragedy of the al-jazeera reporter in the gaza strip, the family of wael addahduh, who headed the bureau of the television company, died as a result of an airstrike by the israeli air force. rodrigo

dematos from portugal: palestinian-israeli a conflict in the form of a rubik's cube that can no longer be solved. “i give up,” says the man. in israel, the nightmare of october 7 continues to be compared with the american september 11, 2001. the parallel, unfortunately not groundless, not only in terms of the number of victims and shock, but in terms of the consequences , when the reaction to an attack is more devastating than the attack itself, as then, the us response, which tore up the entire middle east, subjected to violence, driving itself into a closed circle. the definition we now hear from israel is a new holocaust, these are new nazis, worse than isis. let's think about it, a rather poorly armed paramilitary group is trapped in gas. israel is

the region's nuclear-armed military superpower. what, really, is such a terrible existential threat. maybe it's something else. there is a blanket of uncritical love that the usa. the majority of europeans envelop the israelis, and this encourages their type of thinking, an echo chamber arises in which israeli theses are reproduced, in themselves, they are natural at a time when there is an urgent need to demonstrate strength instill confidence after a fantastic systemic failure, but if others repeat this, you yourself begin to believe in all this, and this is the worst thing that can happen, because such ideas are self-destructive. the humanitarian consequences of the gas operation are beginning to unnerve many, but the western government firmly supports israel, but society, especially in european countries, is, to put it mildly, much less unequivocal. there is a growing

gap between leaders who are entirely on israel's side and public opinion. this we see it almost everywhere in europe, and this is already an internal problem in many western societies. they are not homogeneous. there are different groups that support different sides of this conflict, and if the authorities try to play on this field, they only deepen the split. after russia's withdrawal from the first world war, the arab possessions of the former ottoman empire, london and paris were divided into two. at a conference in san rray in april '20, they were given mandates to govern the territories. great britain received a mandate. to palestine and iraq, and france to syria, including modern lebanon. moreover, the geographical concept of palestine then included the modern territories of israel, jordan, the west bank of the jordan river from the gaza strip and northwestern saudi arabia.

at the same time, the balfour declaration , a letter from british foreign secretary arthur balfour to the representative of the british jewish community, oltor rothschild, was also recognized in san remo, in which the british government agreed to the creation of a jewish national home in palestine. in in july twenty-two, the league of nations approved the mandates of england and france for the former arab possessions of the ottoman empire. great britain was given responsibility for implementing the balfour declaration. at this time there was a massive immigration of jews to palestine. only from 24 to 28 years from poland and hungary , fleeing pogroms, fled to palestine. 82,000 jews, but the peak of immigration occurred in the thirties after the nazis came to power in germany; the arab population opposed the massive influx of migrants. in '37 between jews and arabs armed clashes began.

organized self-defense units operated on both sides. then the british authorities decided to restore order by force. 20,000 british soldiers were thrown against the rebels. login. the fighting killed 500 arabs, 400 jews and 200 british. in '39 , the uprising gradually faded away. british authorities have set an admission quota. 7500 people in 5 years. during the second world war immediately after it, british authorities intercepted ships carrying jewish migrants on their way to palestine and sent them back to where they came from or to third countries. but at the beginning of the british mandate, the population of palestine more than doubled; if previously the share of jews was 11% of the region’s population, then by the end of the war it was 33%. the standard of living in palestine was also rising, but this did not help resolve the underlying contradictions. in

1947, great britain announced its desire to abandon the mandate for palestine. on may 14, 1948, its effect was terminated. united nations declared the need to divide palestine into two states - jewish and arab. on the same day in tel aviv, david bengurion proclaimed the creation of the jewish. state of israel. a paradoxical contradiction arises. the tangle of problems that the state and people face is becoming tighter, more confusing and complex, and the proposed recipes for solving them are becoming simpler, if not more primitive. ethnic nationalism is raising its head, raising its head in many countries. in israel he never lowered his head, that's why. seems to be a leader in this

sense, in general, israel is also a leader in one more thing, that political legitimation is based on, well, let’s say, on the bible, which is not a rational argument today, demodernization, of course, is observed in many countries, the desire to change history, the desire, as it were, to ethnically cleanse not only the country itself, but also to cleanse the memory, this is happening in many countries, in order to unite the people, and so that the people do not pay attention to what they pay attention to in a democratic society, but specifically on economic inequality, discrimination, everything else. relying on a slogan scheme can sometimes be effective, an example of this can easily be found in the history of the cold war, although it

was an ideological confrontation, but now everything is different. president biden's last speech that we are fighting evil, this whole idea that good and evil arose, in my opinion, reagan began with this, because even stalin's soviet union no one... called the empire of evil, that is, the evil empire, this one here is emotionality, it is also a sign of demodernization in my opinion, and as for the rollback, well, of course , it is completely clear to your audience that many remember the nineties of the last century, where doctors of science sold beer on the corner, well, this is also a sign of demodernization, well, ... what is sometimes called essentialism, probably in russian there is also such a term

, that is, that there are peoples who have such a being, but this does not fit into the framework of modernization at all, because someone has some kind of -creature, this creature forces them to behave this way, and it is impossible to change it, this is a kind of racism, generally speaking, because in the 20th century, well, in the 19th century. this was a very popular teaching, which was not only viewed positively by nazi germany. biden, immediately after returning from israel, proposed a new confrontation scheme for americans: we will not allow terrorists like hamas and tyrants like putin to win. the next day, the same indestructible bloc of tyrants and terrorists was sealed by the head of the european commission, ursula fondern. well, the basis for the consolidation of the free world has been found. on march 12

, 1947, in a message to congress, harry truman outlined a new foreign policy program. the president said that the united states has an obligation to help free peoples in their struggle against totalitarian regimes and called on congress to provide economic and military assistance to greece and turkey to prevent the spread of soviet influence in southeastern europe. in a situation where almost all countries are forced to choose between two mutually exclusive ways of life, us policy will be to help free peoples to defend the free. institute of national integrity against aggressors who are trying to impose a totalitarian regime on them, this is how the term free world arose, aka the first world, this is the usa, western europe, as well as canada and australia. the countries of the socialist camp opposing them, led by the ussr , were called the second world, and all the remaining countries

of asia, africa and latin america were called the third world. they became a logical continuation of the truman doctrine. marshal's plan and created in forty-nine year nato bloc. in the fifties , the truman administration already strictly adhered to the doctrine of two worlds. it was set out in the top-secret strategic document of the us national security council (nsc)-68, which essentially declared the struggle between the free world and the soviet world, according to the principle of who will win. between 1950 and 1953, the united states tripled defense spending from five to 14% of gdp. damage to free institutions anywhere was equivalent to a general defeat, and the united states was required to ensure rapid and a decisive increase in the political , economic and military power of the free world. with its decision to enter the korean war that year, the administration put

theory into practice by demonstrating the united states' intent to defend its borders freely. peace everywhere. in january '61, john kennedy, in his inaugural address, emphasized the rivalry between the free world and the communist world. he promised that the american people would pay any price, bear any burden, face any hardship, support any friend, stand up for against any enemy to ensure the survival success of freedom. however, fidel castro's regime in cuba survived. the historical stage was the collapse of the berlin wall , the collapse of the socialist camp and the collapse of the ussr in 1991. the new world order, a unipolar world under the leadership of the united states, was supposed to be the universal triumph of the free world, but it was short-lived. in the countries of asia and africa, which 40 years ago were called the third world, new very

influential centers of power have formed, which are, in principle , alien to the concept of reproducing approaches. cold war. the concept of the west as a free world played an important role in the confrontation at one time. pyotr slyoskin has been researching this phenomenon for several years. when did the idea of ​​a free world even arise? the free world became a key concept of american foreign policy in 1950 . after the so-called loss of china. and before the start of the korean war. the main feature of the concept of the free world is its negative definition. american politicians identified the free world as not the communist world at all, that is, they proceeded from the fact that the whole world should be harmoniously interconnected, but this was prevented by the communists, who had a different goal, namely global

integration, so they had to build to defend the entire territory. which remained free from communist oppression, so from this flowed, firstly, the policy of global military containment, well , containment was invented by george kenon back in 1946, wasn’t it? george kenon did not mean this, for him there was a hierarchy of american interests, japan in this scheme was important, but korea and vietnam, not so much. many other politicians and commentators of the fifties complained that global containment was an impossible strategic task that gave the initiative to the communists, but for the leader of the free world to act otherwise was impossible, any advance of the unfree world reduced the space of the free world, with the free world

being indivisible, the loss of freedom in one place meant loss of freedom everywhere. well, in the end , the united states fought for a long time in korea in vietnam and created military alliances along the entire perimeter communist bloc, but this is not even an ideology, it looks more like a religious faith , the second consequence of the politics of the free world was the need and impossibility of creating a single ideology common to all, american politicians believed that the communists had their own idea, wrong, destructive, but understandable , which means that the free world also had to offer something of its own, and there were constant attempts to come up with something like that, but it was impossible to come up with it, because the free world was defined negatively. america did not consider itself a leader western, christian, capitalist, democratic or some other countries.

she considered herself the leader of the entire non-communist world. because of this , american politicians were heavily dependent on the sense of an existential communist threat and reacted very painfully to soviet peace policy. in the absence of a communist threat. the free world had little connection. and when did the topic begin to be exhausted? by the end of the sixties , american politicians had largely stopped appealing to the free world. with on the one hand, no one disputed the global scale of american interests. leadership was taken for granted, and leadership of what is no longer so important. on the other hand, the internal contradiction to the concept began to appear more and more clearly. after the end of the acute crises in cuba in berlin, the cold war gradually became routinized, it became more difficult to perceive the communist

threat as existential, and in the meantime both worlds split, the confrontation between the ussr and china destroyed the picture of the communist monolith, as a result of decolonization, the so -called third world finally separated from the free world. well, after the sixties, some elements of the politics of the free world remained, and firstly, these were military alliances, which in many ways became an end in themselves, and secondly, the need for a single existential enemy, and after the collapse of the soviet union, it seemed that the entire globe had finally will reunite, but less than ten years have passed since bush jr. again declared american leadership of the free world in the fight against global terrorism, the axis of evil. and how as soon as the war against terror is more or less over, the time has come to confront democracy and autocracies, to protect the liberal

order from the good old enemies, russia and china. nowadays we often hear about order based on rules; this also turns out to be an ideologeme like the free world. what i'm hearing from various politicians in washington is that they generally recognize that this is a loss. concept and want to find another better one, and appeals more often now to the un charter, but to make it clear what exactly the rules are, so in my opinion it’s them themselves they realized that it didn’t work out very well, but with the divisions of autocracy and democracy, they are also raising, that is, on the one hand, there is a tendency to return to the original logic, and american leadership. it is the leadership of the free world against the unfree world, and autocracy and democracy - this

is the same essence, on the other hand, they understand perfectly well that the world has changed, in the fifties it was already difficult to divide the globe into two parts, to include india in the free world, regardless of what niru himself wanted, and now even more so, and the so-called third the world, the former third world, but has received much more geopolitical autonomy and does not want to choose between blocs, and washington understands this very well, and the tyrant-terrorist spike that biden spoke about has a chance of being picked up? also, i think, not very much, because just yesterday a lengthy article for affairs by jake sully came out. and there everything is about the international order, and the main enemies of this order, russia and china, and there is a stake there after the publication

of the printed version about hamas, and the war on terror and radical islam is not very is well invested in the defense of the free world or the international order, but because on the one hand, terror is not an external geopolitical threat, it is an internal problem, in paris, in brussels, even in the same in israel, and the palestinian issue is considered internal, and so that this is a bad marriage for the international order, for the free world, but opposition to the international order of order. china and russia, and you can add north korea and iran, but in my opinion, it works much better, to this. in washington

they have been going on for a long time, that is, the main term there is great power competition, and the war against global terror is considered a failure, these are just these and not endless wars, so they want to get away from this and return to great rivalry, and geopolitical to the protection of the entire international order from existential threats, here china, russia, more -less perform such a role, and hamas not very much, here i think that another concept is important, this is civilization, and this can be seen when barel speaks about the jungle isad, or the american non-conservative robert kagen also wrote about the jungle, and barbarians

you can’t name the chinese, hamas the afghans, somehow you can imagine this, on the other hand, this is considered a terrible maverick , you can’t talk about civilization, this is the rhetoric of the 19th century, and even if this picture is in the minds of politicians, they, if they say it out loud, they must then take their words back, the axis of evil - they added it there and well, in general , this was the former communist world, now i think after all, this is not an axis of evil, but what happened during the cold war, that is, everything they know that there is no need to return to the cold war, americans, chinese, everyone says that we don’t want a cold war, but the confrontation between america and china with russia still reminds us a lot, and north korea is

, of course, part of the same picture. and iran and hamas are right here, they are in the way, and if it is possible to improve relations with iran and generally calm down the middle east, it would be personal, and biden and the administration, in my opinion, really want this, but israel is a special issue in american politics, rather an exception than part of some general logic of american speech, and even here it changes, this is ah, and the importance of israel, because the new generation... is more likely to sympathize with palestine on campus, that is, biden will stand with israel, but on university campuses, everything will not be as clear as they say. thank you, we talked with pyotr slyoskin , freedom, democracy, law, it all sounds beautiful, you just want to stand under the banner, however, our iranian interlocutor drew attention to the less inspiring side.

the problem is that the us is trying to unite the entire western camp for war. israel's operation against ghaza, which supports the west can become an impetus for a real civilizational confrontation between the west and the islamic world. this is a war of narratives, a war of information, a war of people. it all started with the ukrainian conflict. consolidation in support of the war, now the same thing is happening with this war. this is a new and completely vicious type of association. dark for everyone, symptoms that are generally very alarming, a clash of civilization, the prospect could not be darker, hope for the old maxim, the world will be saved by beauty, in iran, by the way, they know a lot about it, a report from tehran, about real connoisseurs, at first glance, it's an ordinary,

unremarkable... old sedan, but you open the hood and oh my god, it has a golden engine, literally covered in pure gold. this car belongs to an iranian car enthusiast who is engaged in tuning cars. it took him a lot of time and a huge amount of money to create this work of art. it feels like opening an old treasure chest; everything in this peugeot's engine, from the cylinder head to the manifold, is covered in high-grade gold. where don't you look? everywhere sparkling jewelry and precious stones. according to muhammad tahrani, it took him almost 10 years to create this masterpiece. since my youth, i dreamed of becoming a famous car designer, so i decided to transform this engine. i started working on this car 9 years ago, using gold, sculptures with decorations and 800 swarovski stones in the design. i also added precious stones, basanite opal with fasteners. from gold and

silver.