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vtb right now. the formula of power is again in africa, not only because the second russia-africa forum took place this year, and not only because africa is an amazing, not yet fully understood continent. because we still, it seems to us, know very little about africa, when this word, africa, is pronounced, then before your eyes you see beautiful jungles, unexplored paths , fauna, stunning waterfalls, rivers, some very large well-known african countries, but in africa

there are also such corners and such countries that very little is known about , about which very few have even heard, one of such countries is the republic of djibouti. the form of power was in this country, we want to tell you about it today. the state of djibouti is located on the coast of the gulf of aden of the indian ocean. this is north east africa. african horn. its neighbors are ethiopia and eritrea. the country is quite small. its total area is about 23 km. population. there are two official languages ​​here, french and arabic, the common spoken languages ​​are samali and ofar,

religion, sunni islam, we are a muslim people from the very beginning, because we are located directly opposite the holy places of islam. we are at the cut-off points when flying by plane. and we were the first, one of the first, to accept islam. and therefore our islam is a moderate, tolerant islam. you you know, we also have churches here. orthodox. all three religions are represented here and have their own places of worship. the president of the republic of djabouti, ismail geleh,

has been leading his country for 23 years. and we talked with him about how, in conditions of almost complete absence of mineral resources. in dry land conditions , after all. thank you, thank you very much, first of all, i want to say welcome to you, because for the first time we are accepting a person of such quality, such strength as you and we think it is very good to introduce... the people of russia are with our country. ismail amar gillakh. born on november 27, 1947 in

dereda, ethiopia, he belongs to the isaa clan. he emigrated to djibouti in the late sixties . there he graduated from a traditional islamic school. he began his career by serving in the police. in 1975 he joined the african people's league for independence. 1977-1999, head of the office of president hassan gouled optidon, head of the external internal national security service. in 1979 he joined the ruling party, the people's union for progress. since april 9, 1999, president republic of djibouti. the climate of djibouti is extremely hot, tropical, suffice it to say that in winter the temperature there is under 30°, and in summer it is under 40, and sometimes under 50, there is very little

precipitation, and then it only falls rarely in late autumn at the beginning of winter. djibouti actually has no mineral resources, except perhaps gypsum and limestone; the topography of the country, if you take it out on a map, is entirely mountain ranges, lava and plateaus and cones of extinct volcanoes. in the central part there are rocky sandy plains, the danakil desert, and the saltiest lake in the world - assal. its shore, by the way, is the most low point in africa. djibouti is not rich in wildlife either. sometimes you can see antelope here, mainly hyenas and jackals. there are many snakes, only coastal waters are rich. fish, and how can djibouti survive in such conditions? we live in a country that is located on strategically important routes. here we

have the second most important global route for commercial, as well as military, shipping. we have a very small country, but it is a wonderful country. djibouti is the sea gate of africa, a transit point on international trade routes from europe and the mediterranean, to east africa, and the countries of az. pacific region. the port of djibouti is one of the largest and most important in the western indian ocean. it was built back in 1888. since 2000, large-scale reconstruction and expansion of the port began. today it is a modern enterprise where innovative technologies are used, and work is in full swing 24 hours a day. merchant ships flying flags. different countries call at the port and refuel,

deliver valuable cargo for the needs of the countries of east and north-east africa, in addition a free economic zone has been created in the area of ​​the port of djibouti, the operation of the port replenishes the state treasury, and as a result, the main life of the country is concentrated around the port, more than half of the population lives in the capital of djibouti, it is the largest... transport hub of the country. roads leading out of the city connect djibouti with somalia and ethiopia. the main public transport is buses. the first railway line from djibouti to drru in ethiopia stretched back in 1902. cargo began to be delivered deep into the african continent. today the railway has been modernized, laid on a new, more direct track, parallel to the old one. new stations are built outside urban

centers, allowing for significant speed increases. currently, the total length of railways in djibouti exceeds 120 km. we believe that we are investing a lot in railways, in roads, in the port. now we are building a new international one. the airport is much larger than what we have, we want to be useful to the region and become important that we scheduled for djibouti. the country's economy as a whole is poorly developed. in agriculture , nomadic and semi-nomadic livestock farming predominates. camels are bred and sold. djibouti is the main supplier of camels to eastern countries. agriculture is not developed at all,

the area of ​​cultivated land is about 1%. they grow vegetables, mainly tomatoes, watermelons and melons, some coffee, and collect dates. in coastal areas, people engage in fishing, crab fishing, mother-of-pearl and pearl mining, and collecting sponges and corals. the future of djibouti is, of course, linked to hope for investment. for humanitarian aid, for the operation of a seaport, in general, there are no other opportunities, abroad, because in djibouti, young people can only receive primary or secondary education, secondary technical higher education, djiboutian youth receive mainly in france, more than half of graduates after after completing their studies they do not return to their homeland. a third of djibouti's population is illiterate. the soviet union helped the djiboutians cook. national personnel, diplomatic relations

between the ussr and djibouti were established on april 3 of this year. you know, we have relations with russia without any difficulties, since russia has never been a colonial power. our relationship began when we had the chance to take our first steps, this was back in the time of the soviet union, together with friends, we studied during the struggle for independence, and this is much more russian. for

the training of djibouti personnel, both civilian and military, we also , of course, had family ties, i will not hide, mr. president, djibouti, to unfortunately, they are not yet so well known in russia, the first thing that comes to mind when. do you hear this so romantic-sounding name of the wall of djibouti, these are flamingos on the shore of the lake, volcanic smoke, some beautiful underwater... reefs, if you are, and i think that there is no better guide to the country than the president of the country, if you are if you wanted to say this, to attract russians to djibouti, what would they tell you first of all? we have here one of the best places on earth, where

you can find more than 68 species of fish in the underwater world, this place we call them seven brothers, seven brothers. these are seven small islands. here people who love scuba diving find many opportunities. we have two whole seas, or rather a sea and an ocean. the red sea and the indian ocean, they meet in djibouti. i don't know if you can find a whale shark in any other country whose back you can climb on yourself? or put your child on horseback for a photo. we have a salt lake located 153 m below

sea level. i can name many others attractions. they are located near the city. the best and completely deserted beaches of djibouti, you can rent a boat and sail to the protected islands of moskali and moucha, in the gulf of tadjoura. the incredibly beautiful coral reefs in the gulf of oden are the dream of any diver. spearfishing is prohibited here, but everyone can admire the splendor and diversity of the underwater world. and at the bottom of the babeldeb strait, which is notorious among sailors, according to various estimates, lie from one and a half to 6,000 sunken ships of all times of peoples. there are excellent spots for windsurfing on wheels. ideally flat desert plains, 5th vora and grand bar,

are on the way from djibouti to alis sayah. we, in general, compete with our egyptian brothers, who host... many russian tourists in sharm el-sheikh, but those places in the north of our country that i told you about are so wonderful that as soon as the hotels are built, they will be able to attract many more tourists, including tourists whom we will lure from those familiar places where they are usually accustomed ride. 60% of the country's population are somali peoples, who are called issa, this is part of the population living in the south and southeast, and in the north and north west live the peoples of the saravia peninsula, they are called afars. these nomadic tribes inhabited

the territory of present-day djibouti back in the first centuries of our era. in the 5th-6th centuries it was part of the state. axum came under the rule of arab sultans in the 8th century. it was then that islam and the arabic language spread among the local population. in the 16th century, there were wars on the somali peninsula between portuguese and ethiopians on the one hand, and turks and samalis on the other. the territory of present-day djibouti was conquered by the portuguese. in the 14th century , arab dominance was re-established. the indigenous population maintained a nomadic lifestyle, while the arabs ruled and traded. in 1862, the french formalized their possession of present-day djibouti by a treaty with the sultan of adala. in 1881, construction began on the modern

city of djibouti. in 1896, the colony received the official name "french somali coast", since 1967 a french territory afarov and isa. in late 1960, with the support of the republic of somalia, the issa began a guerrilla war against the government. the french gave in. on may 8, 1977 , a referendum was held in which the majority voted for independence. independence was declared on june 27. and the state received it. african people's league for independence. before 1991, i would like to touch on the very beginning

of djibouti’s independence, when the first president, hassan gullet abtidon, was at the head of the country , you were close to him, as i understand it, there were many similarities in your political views, there is a certain continuity of your political course, which of the legacy of the first president do you consider relevant today , my predecessor, president hassan gullet, was recognized as the father of the nation, because he devoted his whole life to liberating the country from colonial dependence , and the creation of what we call the djiboutian identity. and the law that he

left us is, of course, a single country, proud of its belonging to an african nation, the political life of djibouti, as in the times of the colonial protectorate, and after independence in 1977, were determined to a large extent. the confrontation between the two ethnic groups that actually inhabit this small country, afar and issa, the period of the colonial mandate dominated the administration, and then after gaining independence, issa in 1979 there was a surge of discontent among the afars, a guerrilla war began and for more than 10 years there was a civil war in djibouti, ending with a power-sharing agreement. our interlocutor "gellekh, who occupied at that time post of head of the presidential office, he made a lot of efforts to

achieve peace in the country, he was a supporter of restoring the unity of the people. in 1999, omar gelekh was elected president of the country. and probably the main reason why to this day djiboutians give him their votes is that he is convinced. supporter of country unity. you know that in african countries there are very, very many different peoples and languages. we're lucky here, we only have two. what unites us is country, nation, traditions, as we all come from. from pastoralists and nomads, and religion, all this unites us, yes, and the languages ​​​​have a common

origin, since these are the languages ​​of the peoples of the cushitic group, and now we are called the people of djibouti, and not afar and nesa. now, islam, as a religion, has its own traditional holidays, which... from ancient times, you know, if we talk about holidays , then first of all, this is a national holiday, june 27, and also the main holidays, this is the birthday

of the prophet. we celebrate them with our family, with children at home, we prepare a lot of different very delicious food. all kinds of sweets, you said, mr. president, that you celebrate holidays with your family, i know that you are the father of four children, well, this is generally such a responsible mission, in this regard, how often do you find time for your family in your presidential schedule , and you know, i’m not young, my children are all grown up, and i give everyone... and each of them to live the life they want. thank you very much, mr.

president, for this conversation. i would like to wish. happiness, prosperity to the djiboutian people, and so that relations between our countries, between the peoples of djibouti and russia are strengthened. thank you, mr. president. i know this word in russian, before we leave, let me leave you with our souvenir, this is a russian samovar. here it is, brewing. there is electricity inside, i would like this sovovar to take its rightful place in your home, when your family gathers, even if it is an adult, there adults will come with their children and there will be tea in the samovars, as is customary in russia, thank you,

thank you. and the waste that is both on the surface and here it has already gone deep into the ground over many years, on baikal bags are especially dangerous, this will change the entire ecosystem, there will soon be more plastic than fish, each person can do so that it delivers less problems on the planet, centrally we... collect everything, literally, what can be separated is collected, that bottle that is lying on the landfill is waste for ordinary people, but for us it is a valuable raw material, what you see now here on table, will come back back into economic circulation, back into the production cycle, imagine an industrial park that works

with raw materials that are obtained from waste, this is exactly the meaning of a circular economy. everything is possible, just give us raw materials, everything can

be processed. we look before everyone else, four children, ex- husband, at work, endless stress, vasnetsova, why are you always nothing but

problems, let’s subscribe and watch. about half a thousand festive events, exhibitions, processions, flash mobs took place throughout the country on national unity day. historical reconstructions. on this day, muscovites traditionally carried flowers. to the monument to minin and pozharsky on red square. the president did not break this tradition either. about how the ceremony went and who else took part in it evgeniy petrukhina. this ceremony has already become a tradition, but every year it is special.