[000:00:00;00] the ministry of education and science should contribute, well, whoever contributes, look, please, they contributed, so to speak, but that’s why they threw it out, they said it wasn’t entirely correct, here we are now, okay, just remind me, i’ll talk with colleagues, that’s all, you are right, you can’t delay, you are absolutely right, thank god, our attitude towards genetics today is completely different, not the same as it was in the soviet union, yes, genetics was called a corrupt girl, imperialism, well, yes. that ’s what they said, yes, that’s it, but uh, that means we have a completely different attitude, a different attitude, this is the most a promising, extremely important area of ​​research, it is, indeed, just like artificial intelligence , maybe, well, that is, it cannot be, that’s for sure, it will be the basis of progress in many areas of activity, government,

states and life in general. a person who succeeds in genetics will receive fundamental qualitative competitive advantages of a generational nature, life-changing, so here we must under no circumstances miss anything important, we will definitely work, right? yes, thank you very much, about the micro, here... uh, the microbiological industry, i understand, the examination, we’ll also look, we’ll work , thank you, yes, please, hello, i represent the federal soviet research center for animal husbandry, the name of lev konstantinovich, it would seem like this, agriculture combines fundamental applied aspects, but nevertheless we are, as yulia alekseevna said, one of those organizations on the basis of which a bioresource collection or center for conservation of farm animals and their

related wild species. well, our organization is, as it were, such a depository or noah’s kavcheg, which gathers various types of genetically-generated farm animals that have been created over the last 100-150 years in our country, it would seem that such animals should not remain, but nevertheless they are in our herds , again, what animals? gene pool, well, this is a local population, i ’ll explain, our country is large, let’s say in yakutia these are yakut cattle, which are adapted to extreme climatic conditions, in the urals - the suksun and tagil breeds, which, relatively speaking, are capable of eating , well, the paws of christmas trees, relatively speaking, but let’s say in pavolzh - this is the red gorbatovsky gathering, which has excellent technological properties, product quality, organic production, dietary nutrition for children, and if we take the north, these are the kholmogory breed, the yaroslavl breed, excellent production of butter cheese, that is, these are the breeds that, well, created by generations of breeders, are themselves well

a national treasure, which is basically what you were talking about, our center is... sort of, uh, well , specialized in livestock breeding, and based on not just samples, working with dna, creating cataloging, certification of breeds, we are engaged in preserving them in a living form, and we - compare - these animals - according to phenotypic indicators according to genetic ones, with historical components that we know, which were 50-60 years ago with the help of genomic technologies, then with the help of reproductive technologies, such as embryo transplantation, we create cryobanks - embryos and semen, well, because the seed, let’s say, if you take sires, is only one part, but the embryos still contain an almost ready-made organism, that is, a double set of chromosomes, that is, here we solve a double problem, preserve and the female component and the male component, and already at this stage we have frozen about 200 emblions, these are tagil cattle, yakut breed and yaroslavl cattle, that is, we are trying

to preserve the same qualities, economic use, productive longevity, of course, they are inferior to world breeds in terms of productivity, but they have a high level of resistance to diseases, long-term use, a number of reactions to stress factors, in this regard, for example, the same yakut is an excellent object for development. livestock that would be in demand in new territories that we are now actively developing in this direction, i would like to thank you for the opportunity that a bioresource center can be organized on our basis, ask

you to support, in general, the decree and program development of our resource center for the conservation of gene pool breeds, all related wild species, that is, we are ready , we are at work, we also have some kind of legislative initiative that will allow us to move to a new stage, thank you, as i understand it, that is. is closely related to what yulia is talking about in the decree in the national center, yeah, okay, we just need to remember what needs to be done there specifically, is additional funds needed or something needs to be built, we are waiting for the decree, your signing decree, that's as soon as you get it sign, we are ready for all weapons, at what stage is this the problem there is that among our lawyers there is an opinion that it is wrong to talk about agriculture, we must talk about all living organisms, that in general, our demography is so-so for now yes , it is clear to us that then the reproductive rate is in some way inferior

to someone, but the intellectual component, which means competitiveness in this regard is very good, that is, our lawyers, they, i’m also a lawyer, they are specialists in all fields, without exception . simply, and they are the most, the most the best specialists, the most in-depth, but since i am also a lawyer , i will try to work with them, so that we will try to talk, talk with them in professional language, but it is difficult, because where there are two lawyers, there are already at least three opinions, yes- yes, yes, but for some, well, great specialists, about some lawyers, you know what they say, if you... ask a lawyer what time it is, he will look at your watch and tell you what time it is, but for that he will charge your watch, that's it, but i'm still with my colleagues i’ll definitely talk about it, i think this is very

important, and of course, i won’t go into details, you know what’s happening in agriculture, there’s a colossal increase in production, but there are also problems, there are problems with eggs. so there is a problem regarding the necessary breeds of livestock, because we don’t have enough of these meat breeds, and where is the material, we still have to buy the material, there is something to do, absolutely, and that’s exactly what you’re talking about in my opinion are you working out, right? well, we have something to offer, yes, yes, great, thank you, definitely work, thank you, so, vladimir vladimirov, good evening, alexander semyonov, marine biologist head... of the scientific water group of the white sea biological station msu, moscow state university, and i’ll start a little from afar in the white sea, yes, work the sea, yes, but i’ll start with sakhalin, the fact is that now we are mostly

under water, but it’s cold in belomozh, and we have warm suits, in general, we’ve learned to enjoy it, so i like it, and it’s very interesting there, how i siberia they say that siberians are not those who... morozov is not afraid, but those who are warm, this is the same case, exactly, yes, and, so, sakhalin, uh, now together with moscow state university, we we are creating a small new biological station, a marine one, in the south of sakhalin, and one of its tasks will also be the creation of a bioresource collection and inventory of all biodiversity, the water area and the region of the far east in general, because these, well, the far eastern seas of russia are probably the richest. the water area that we have in our country is absolutely insignificantly studied, that is, practically unstudied, and i, for example, dived on the kuril islands, this is generally my favorite place in the world where i have ever dived, and it is simply absolutely fantastic, there are sharks there, and yes, yes, there

there are sharks, there are a lot of things there, when i dived, i just didn’t know where to look, because there was little time, the sharks didn’t know where to look, they didn’t find you, just like that, and the inventory of all this biodiversity is... ' will give us a lot of fundamental discoveries, because this is a huge number of species of algae, microorganisms, invertebrates, there are fish - this is a more or less known part, but 95% of the diversity are organisms that are especially unknown to us, all these organisms, they are not only of interest for fundamental science, they can also be practically applicable as a source of new bioactive substances, which can be new medicinal substances, dietary supplements, perhaps... will give us access to some new materials, and i think it will be very cool if we partner with universities of the far east with the sakhalin state university, which is currently building a new campus on sakhalin and

which, if we agree to equip it with clean laboratories, then we can have all the field work, which students from universities in the far east can learn to master all the techniques, and clean laboratories in which we will be able to do molecular and genetic research, create this collection, store it, it will be very cool if the work of this station will, in principle, be in its future the scientific program is supported at the state level, or at least there to help us come to an agreement with all interested parties, although i think that we will agree in principle, because this is quite an interesting task, and here i come to the main problem, the fact is, that most of the work of catching these animals, of searching for new species there, of getting them out of the water, falls on the shoulders of divers, in particular mine, and i, together with my diving team, have been

in the white sea for many years, basically this team with... from students of marine biologists who come to us, from volunteers who come, whom we train, and a little from scientific workers who also learn diving and go diving with us, and here it is important not only to dive well and how to do it safely and responsibly, here it is important to know all the methods of collecting material, here it is important to know how the sea generally works, seasonality, that is, you need to have good theoretical training, so it’s very cool when it is scientific specialists or their assistants who study with them and do all the work, but there is a small problem, in russia there is no scientific diving as such, we have a very powerful, serious diving school, we have gost-certified diving for active recreation and recreation, and we there is a confederation of underwater activities of russia, which has adapted and registered a system in russia itself, that is, we

have diving as such, equipment, not equipment, just like a training school, that is, certification, which allows you to dive, that is, it is registered with the ministry of justice, all this already exists, but diving methods of work, they are not very suitable for scientists, that is , they are practically not suitable at all, especially in educational terms, divers are a separate profession, with their own hours work experience, with early retirement, with additional payments, with the organization of a diving service. with quite serious regulations for work, and for scientists, immersion is more of an occasional job, and they spend most of their time in laboratories in some kind of expeditions or at our biological stations they come, some stay there for a week, some for a month, some for 2 months, and here it turns out that we don’t have any scheme according to which scientists could officially dive into their work time without being divers, that is, we really want us to be able, firstly , to work with students, which seems to me

to be the most important thing, because when we can involve students in experimental work under water, in mastering all these techniques, to ensure that they generally study marine biologists, looked at the underwater world with their own eyes and expanded their competencies and , in general, perception of all marine biology, but we have a problem with this, that is, we cannot do this. as if we have commercial diving for recreation, there is no scientific diving as such, that is, we either need to become real divers and comply with all these regulations, but here we can neither attract students, nor, in general, work ourselves, because we let's just waste time on all this bureaucracy, going through tons and tons of papers and simply scientists cannot cope with this, so it seems to me that russia, which is essentially a maritime power, we have a completely huge water area, very few studied seas.

and i, as a person from the underwater world, i am absolutely firmly convinced that the future of their teandras is beyond the ocean, yes, it ’s nice, you hear, so - the development of the ocean and its resources is, well, this is our future, this is ours, how bright it is and the inevitable future, and if we can now - stimulate and give access to scientists to the underwater world to underwater research, we will do just a huge step in the development... of our waters, of our huge country. aleksanovich, i listened with great interest to what you were talking about, and a happy person, it’s obvious right away, not only because of what you were talking about, but because of the way you did it, with such enthusiasm, really so, so, so they chose an interesting field of activity, everything is there, it’s interesting, and... i would really like to pass it on to the next

generation, as it were, because we are already teaching the guys who come, but if this can be done officially and as if in our own working hours, this will be, which one do you lower? well, in principle, almost all work , especially for beginner divers, is up to 20 m, that is, it doesn’t even require any kind of super-serious training, it ’s quite, you start blowing away from 5 m, blowing yes yes it’s 5-7 m already, well, very interesting activity, very very, you are absolutely right, but the ocean is our future, this is understandable, there are so many opportunities there. formulate, just write, what you would like, need, need to adopt some regulations that well, you were talking about the fact that there are certain benefits for diving and well, you can still think about it, we don’t even need it, we don’t need diving preferences, absolutely, that is, preferences

are easy for us to solve, yes, well, let’s say for jumping from a plane, with a parachute they pay for each jump, well, what kind of dive can you count here, when you go under water, it all pays off completely, that is, it’s true, this is a fantastic world, well, it’s still so extreme type of scientific research, extreme, okay, alexander, we’ll definitely think about it, i really like what you said, i completely share your optimism about. prospects regarding the importance of your research, there really is an ocean of opportunities in the ocean, it’s clear , so please explain how you see it, i promise that i will give it to the government administration for elaboration, colleagues will think, we will find a solution, yeah , thank you

, yes, i wish you good luck, be careful, there are sharks there, okay, please, vladimir vladimirovich, good afternoon, good evening already more precisely, alina demkina, i would like to continue the topic of genetics and talk in more detail about such an important area as human genetics, sorry, aleksandrovich, we had these specific questions, sorry, alina, about sakhalin university, the minister and i let's talk too, so i think sakhalin university. and moscow state university will find common ground together, they can create some kind of campus and laboratories there next to sakhalin university are planned in my opinion, a campus and a campus next to the university are planned, yes, we could work on each other with very

interesting promising projects for years to come, but this can be combined with innovation centers, we can come up with something like that, we have 11 centers being created, yes, and 25 campuses should be built, well, that’s all there and one of the campuses there is right on sakhalin, so this can be exactly combined, you said correctly, it won’t be difficult to find a point of contact, yeah, thank you, yes, returning to genetics , as you rightly noted today, one of these leading areas of science in our country, and i represent the center... full-genome research biote campus, where, within the framework of the federal scientific and technical commission, the development of genetic technologies, with the support of the rosneft company, the national genetic initiative 100,000 plus me is being implemented, we have such a self-explanatory name, since our goal is to determine 100,000 complete genomes

of russians, which will form the largest database of genetic information in russia person, the base is filled with samples of volunteers from the purest. companies, samples from our medical partners, as well as ethnic samples from various peoples who live throughout our country. and our center is equipped with a unique laboratory and powerful computing infrastructure , it is one of the largest in the country, and can rightfully be considered a world-class center, and although our initiative is primarily scientific research, which will undoubtedly increase scientific... sovereignty and the prestige of the country, and the results of this project also have obvious practical significance, for example, analysis of the data obtained will allow us to estimate the frequency of harmful mutations on the territory of russia, establish the genetic causes of various diseases, and also, no less important,

determine the reference genomes of our multinational country, all these results will be determined by them vector of development for the russian security system for many years to come, well, it seems to me that these indicators are reference indicators, they are generally understandable, no, we have a unique one, as if in different ways nationalities of the country, everyone, it is clear that we have some characteristics that distinguish them from the rest, well, yes, well, i agree, yes, russian people there also have a rather complex genome, probably because it’s on our territory. on the other hand, of course , it’s a very complex story, yes, everything is involved, which is very good, of course, of course, that the information is so good, our diversity, everything i wanted. i would like to give an example of the fruitful cooperation of our center with one of our main partners - this is the center

named after dmitry rogachev, where from all over the country children with various blood cancers are being treated, we have identified almost 2,000 whole-genome sequences of small patients, which has allowed us to speed up the process of making an accurate diagnosis for them. as a result of joint efforts, dozens of... unique genetic causes of hematological diseases, previously undescribed in world practice, were discovered, and such results were achieved literally in just a year of work, and what generally speaks about the world level, and our work, at the same time, these findings , they unique in their genetic nature, that is, such people have not yet been found in the world, but in parallel with our main one, you can say infuriatingly, there are no such people in the world, i am shy, there are no such people in the world, there is no need

to be ashamed of your achievements, thank you, but in parallel with our main activity on the 100.000+ i project, we have also begun to implement a project to sequence the genomes of arctic species, which, as my colleagues have already mentioned, is especially important for the study and conservation of the biodiversity of such a unique region of our country, work is currently underway on full-genome sequencing of key species, such as the polar bear, the atlantic moth , and even work with the ancient dna of the mammoth, this is how he once lived, and when did he live, mammon, when did he live? oh, during the period, yes, but the dna was studied and preserved, not thawed. i didn’t defrost it once, but it froze, right, yes, yeah, i was waiting for the alinale to come up and start

studying it, our project, but it’s designed until the end of the twenty-fifth year, and despite the fact that the center began to function literally a year ago, and now there is clearly a high demand from medical research organizations for our unique... database, our competencies, our infrastructure of unique biinformatics methods that our specialists have already developed, and in addition, world experience of similar projects shows that a database of genetic information brings the greatest benefit to the population with their constant replenishment, expansion, as well as their availability to doctors and scientists, in connection with with this, vladimir vladimirovich, i propose to set a longer-term, global goal for the project: the formation of russia’s first

database of 1 million genomes by 2030 with the voluntary involvement of russian citizens of all ages and from all regions. and also vladimir vladimirovich, i would like to invite you to visit us at the biotek campus, come, we will show you our state-of-the-art laboratory, state-of-the-art center, and we will tell you in more detail. in all our projects that are currently underway, which began literally in a year and are growing every day, so let’s talk about the work that we have already done, which is no less important, since my examples now are just the tip of a scientific iceberg that is now being implemented, it is in your laboratory in moscow, yes, thank you very much for the invitation, and what do you need , in addition to the money, in order to make something like this by the thirtieth year , to create such a base for a million, well, in principle

, just your word on extending the project, that this is important, well, that is, there is enough money, there is enough money, no, that is, administrative resources no need, everything else is up to you you do it yourself, yes, yes, with us, it’s clear, well, as far as i know, the company plans to grow in research in the field of genetics, to allocate up to... and billions of rubles, so this may well correspond to what is required to achieve those goals , about which you said, i will talk with igor ivanovich, i will see him the day after tomorrow, we are planning to meet with him on friday, so we will definitely talk, i know that the rosneft company supports this direction, so we agreed several years ago with our companies so that they, part, part of their free resources were directed to those types of activities that

are not directly related to their main work, but can and... are of great interest for the country, and ultimately maybe for specific companies, which is what rosneft is involved in support for genomic research, we will definitely talk, thank you, and i want to wish you success, very important, very important, deeply respected vladimir vladimirovich, dear colleagues, my name is andrey monakhov, and elizaveta rozhdestvenskikh and i are representing at this meeting sirius university, where, under the leadership of academician charagaev, we are working on projects in the field of paleognomics. paleognomy is paleogomics. ah, this is a very young and rapidly developing field, which is a very powerful tool for studying the past of humanity. we can say that with our methods we make the bones of long-dead people speak and we learn their history. and it is no secret that many discoveries in the field of paleognome, for example, the description of a new

form of fossil man, denisovan man. alina olegovna studies bones i’m kidding, here it is today, today’s people living, bones, of course, you understand , what i’m doing is studying genetics, and you, those who were before, before us, are very interesting, here are many discoveries in the field, what are they telling you, now i’ll tell you about this too, many discoveries in the field of paleognomy were made on archaeological objects discovered on the territory of our country, and then sent for study in a foreign laboratory, but it is fundamentally and even strategically important that objects representing the cultural and historical heritage of russia, questions of the ethnogenesis of the russian people and the formation of the ancient russian state were studied mainly in domestic scientific centers. and today there is every opportunity for this, an example of which is a large scientific project supported by the ministry

of science, the genetic history of the ancient population of the russian plain, which is being implemented, among other things, on the basis of a laboratory at sirius university. as part of this project, an interdisciplinary project that crosses the natural humanities, my colleagues and i were able to conduct genetic screening of the largest domestic archaeological collections, and for more than 300 samples, from the time period from the stone age to the middle ages, obtain plan genome sequencing data. in particular, for the first time , a genomic analysis of the neanderal man from the mizmayskaya cave, here in the krasnodar region, was carried out entirely on the basis of russian laboratories, obtaining... really important results about the history of the neanderal people. and one of the directions of our project was, they became extinct, right? yes, unfortunately, they are all already became extinct, but the neanderals also left their contribution to the genomes of currently living people, about 2-3%; we have neanderal dna. ah, the noanderthals from us are several , some have two, some have a little more,

some have a little more, some have less, but the neanderthals are kind of far away. from us and one of the directions from homo sapiens, yes or no, i mean, he is from us, like the modern inhabitants of russia, let’s say, and one of the directions was the study of the history of great scythia, this ancient state located on the territory of the northern pro-black sea region, from the 7th to the 3rd centuries bc, and then mysteriously disappeared, and as part of our project we were able to analyze more than 100 samples from the kiev mounds in the southern regions of our country, this is voronezh. crimea, under the black empire , they were able to show that the population of the great scythians had basically similarities with the european population, in particular with the east slavic ones . and uh, a very interesting result - was that the population of great scythia is large, here is the european one, which, it was very weakly genetically related to its asian neighbors, the same representatives of the skivian culture, which

at that time was extremely widespread, and thus we can draw some parallels even with our country today, as already noted, we are very multinational, genetically diverse country, but we are united by one common culture, and so we see that this was the case in these territories even 3,000 years ago, that is, we continue certain traditions set by our distant ancestors, and today for expanding paleognomic research in our country there are all the possibilities, first of all, this is a unique body of anthropological material that we have on... for example , the monument of phanagoria, also on the territory of the krasnodar region, with its centuries-old history, extensive collections from the territory of siberia, the far east , they are still waiting for their researcher, but unfortunately, without government support, and large-scale research in this area is extremely difficult, due to the fact that the analysis of one ancient genome takes much more time-consuming and approximately an order of magnitude more expensive than the study of one modern genome,

which our colleagues are engaged in, and unfortunately, this project of ours, which