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the germans considered königsberg impregnable. on april 6, 1945, soviet troops began an assault on the capital of east prussia, which lasted 4 days became the fastest operation to capture a major city during the second world war. how the red army managed to take the second most important center of the reich and what was the fate of the city's residents after the war. about this after the advertisement. documentary by yuri starikov. there are many children's cards, the most profitable is one: a free children's card from alfa bank, with it children receive up to 7,000 rubles. cashback for purchases and money in games. not childishly profitable, alpha is profitable. discover avito. new avito section,

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we give up to 5,000 rubles to everyone. open a free account for investments at alfabank and get a gift. not just profitable, alfa is profitable. winter 1945. the red army liberates eastern europe. the offensive is underway a huge front from the baltic to the carpathian coast. in january, soviet troops took warsaw, crossed the oder and reached the direct road to berlin. in the north, we managed to push the germans back to the baltic sea and surround koenigsberg. this city, transformed over 8 centuries into a powerful fortress, was considered

impregnable by the germans. in february 1945, soviet troops began preparing to storm koenigsberg. hitler gave the order to defend east prussia to the last soldier and to the last bullet. the storming of koenigsberg lasted 4 days and became the fastest operation to capture a major city during world war ii. more than 70,000 german soldiers were taken prisoner. the best german divisions that reached stalingrad, to volka, they all ended their history here, only numbers remained of them. how did the red army manage to take the most fortified fortress in europe? why was hitler shocked by the news of the fall of könechberg, what was the fate of the city's residents after the war.

on april 10, 1945 , a victorious march through the streets and squares of könechberg lay in ruins

the red army soldiers passed through. just a few years ago, at the very beginning of world war ii, no german could have imagined anything like this. the capital of east prussia, the city of königsberg, was the largest and most fortified fortress in europe. for eight centuries, the germans surrounded the city with forts, powerful walls, pillboxes and other fortifications. hitler called königsberg an impregnable bastion of the german spirit. the nazi command attached an important symbolic meaning to the defense of this stronghold. it was here, in east prussia, a school of german officers arose. from here the unification of the german lands once began. for many germans, the loss of this

region was tantamount to the loss of germany itself. one of the soviet officers who took part in the storming of koenigsberg. the country of kozimat, a city, a reinforced concrete fist, covered in fog and mist, soaked in poison, filled with gunpowder and iron, the fortress city of koenigsberg, the center of prussian militarism. east prussia - the territory of the former tefton order, everyone believed rightly that the entire military spirit, or as they said,

in modern kaliningrad, many historical monuments have been preserved that remind us of the april battles of 1945. in the kaliningrad... regional historical and art museum , a three-dimensional panorama of the storming of könexberg has been recreated, all exhibits from weapons, broken bricks , paving stones are authentic. we have created a unique historical reconstruction in our museum. here is a story about these heroic, remarkable days, everything here is authentic, this luxberg from the thirty-seventh year, this land, bricks, look, some metal ammunition boxes, i don’t know, a chair lying down or signs of the streets and squares of this city,

barbed wire along the embankment, so that those who came here, those who did not see this war, they should smell it, feel - here is the tension of the battle, feel this day, an april day in forty-fifth year, naturally, all this was stored, collected by the museum staff, so that those who come... look at this, they felt, felt what this city cost us. the museum collection contains a rare monument of military history, which miraculously has survived to this day. we have a completely unique item in our museum, it is a model. the model was created in march 1945, a special group was created - 100 people, everything they could, cardboard, paper, scarce, absolutely, you understand, materials in the war, so 100

people, 10 days, 10 nights made this wonderful model, here is a frontline model, just imagine, there was a battle for moscow, for stalingrad, yes, let's say, the capture of berlin, some of the largest european cities, but the models did not survive, here is our model, associated with the storm of königsberg, he survived. the assault on königsberg lasted 4 days from april 6 to 9, 1945. it was one of the fastest operations to capture a large and well-defended city during the second world war. according to official data, during this assault, the red army lost over 3,000 soldiers and officers killed. the germans lost 10 times more. in total, over 3,000 people.

the soviet troops managed to achieve such a success thanks to the careful preparation of the operation, every step, every action and maneuver of the red armies were thought out to the smallest detail, around this model stood marshal of the soviet union alexander mikhailovich vasilevsky, bogramyan. east prussia for centuries was the arena of fierce bloody battles.

it was here in the 17th century that russian troops inflicted a heavy defeat on the army of the prussian king frederick the great, who was considered invincible. in 1807, at the battle of preussisch eylau, the russian army stopped napoleon's victorious march to the east. the last major battle in east prussia took place at the very beginning of the first world war. then the russian troops under the command of generals samsonov and rehnkamf during the offensive on könechberg, at the cost of great losses, actually thwarted the plan of the lightning war of kaiser germany against russia and france. during the second world war, hitler set the task of

turning east prussia into an impregnable bastion of the third reich. on the outskirts of the city of rastenburg, just 100 km from könechberg, was hitler's main headquarters, the wolf's lair, where the fuhrer spent a total of more than 800 days. east prussia was transformed into a huge fortress. with a large number of pillboxes and artillery positions, which were surrounded by natural barriers in the form of rivers, lakes and swamps. was mainly fortified in the 19th century, then east prussia as a whole in the interwar period, it was surrounded by a more modern line of defense, consisting of pillboxes, these fortifications could not be discounted, and of course, in order to take them

by storm, break through in the process of an offensive, considerable forces and a lot of preparation were required. the first aerial bombardments köneksberg and its environs were carried out by the soviet aviation on stalin's orders in the autumn of 1941. this was a response to the german bombing of moscow. however, the truly destructive raid on köneksberg was carried out by the british aviation in 1944. on august 30, 189. british lancasters dropped 480 tons of incendiary bombs on the city. the british aviation carried out a massive attack on kenisba. few people remember this now, everyone remembers that dresdor was burned, without any military necessity. that's exactly how the demon the anglo-saxons dealt with fenisberg mercilessly and cruelly. it was a targeted

bombing of the historic center of the city. high-explosive bombs that burned through buildings from the ceiling to the basement and everything perished there, but this must always be remembered, because among other things we are accused of barbarously destroying keisberg, almost the entire historic part was burned out by this english, excuse me, bombing, when soviet troops stormed it in april, of course there was destruction, but the famous künnicksberg castle, it already then was in ruins, after the english bombing, there were three towers and one and a half walls left, as they say, that survived, everything else was burned out, just as the whole island of kneipkhov was burned out. this is the center where the cathedral is located, kant's grave is nearby, that is, the entire historical center, it was burned before us. at the beginning of 1945, under the onslaught of the red army, the wehrmacht retreated to the west. soviet troops liberated most of belarus, ukraine, the baltics, poland, and

approached the eastern borders of germany. on january 12, stalin gave the order to begin offensive. along the entire front from the baltic shores to the carpathian mountains. in the north, the main blow was delivered on the territory of poland and east prussia. the german defense was broken. on january 17, warsaw was liberated. a few days later, the red army took the fortress of poznan, crossed the odor and reached the direct road to berlin. in the north, soviet troops pushed the german divisions back to the baltic sea and effectively surrounded konexberg. by the end of january , three large groups of german troops were concentrated in the city and its suburbs, which continued to put up fierce resistance. at the very end of the war, hitler

had a concept that, if translated literally, could be called the breakwater concept. east prussia was one of these breakwaters. the idea was to tie down as many soviet troops as possible on these breakwaters and thereby relieve the main berlin direction. hitler gave the order to defend east prussia to the last soldier and to the last bullet, giving it, first of all, a very important moral, ideological meaning, yes, therefore, indeed, when the offensive began on january 13, 1945, it ran into this serious defense, and by about the end of january the offensive was stopped, there is very good terrain for defense, it is full of swamps, lakes, rivers, hills, which are very easy to defend, in fact,

storming east prussia meant going not along the route that is convenient for ... the attackers, but going along the so-called beaten paths, being subjected to attacks by forces stationed here in advance. yes, there was the main strategic part of eastern prussia was occupied, but the city of königsberg itself, it was not taken in general, the next operation was only the beginning of april, when the decision was finally made to finally storm künexberg. fortification.

the fortifications were covered with a thick layer of earth on top, surrounded by a moat with water on the outside. the garrison of such a fort could include up to 300 people, armed with machine guns, light guns and mortars. the forts were located at a distance of two to 4 km from each other and connected by anti-tank ditches and trenches. the second line of defense ran along the outskirts of the city, including capital stone buildings, barricades and reinforced concrete firing points. the third line encircled the central part of koenigsberg and consisted of old fortifications. most of the buildings in the city center were connected by underground passages,

had warehouses, arsenals and even underground factories that produced military products. and the city of koenigsberg was fortified for centuries, centuries. this is a fortress city, this is a citadel. here everything is subordinated, every house, every basement, every wall, it is all subordinated to the system defense. the german government gave interest-free loans to build a mansion or a house, but they fulfilled a certain requirement: the wall was so many meters long, the ground was concreted, the loophole was of such and such a size, and so on. and so in the city, everything was built here from a defensive, from a military point of view, this is not just a city. a tourist center or a cultural center, this is a fortress city, this is a city where all the life, all the best generals of the wehrmacht, they are all from prussia. könegsberg, of course, also had

a huge symbolic meaning, since it was really such a cradle of prussian militarism with prussia, was somehow connected with the history of germany, the history of its officer corps, as a result of this... nexberg, as in fact many other points, was declared a fortress, that is , it was necessary to defend it to the very last opportunity. on january 28, 1945, by order of hitler, general otto lasch was appointed commandant of könechberg. the next day lasch arrived at the fortress and gave the order to immediately build a new underground bunker for his command post. the place for it was. was chosen in the very center of the city, 200 m from the royal castle. on march 7, the bunker was ready, it was built at a depth of 7 m. the concrete

walls reached 80 cm in thickness, the ceiling was 3 m. inside the bunker , rooms were equipped for the commandant, staff officers, radio operator, and various technical rooms. lyash was convinced that königsberg was capable of holding back the onslaught of soviet troops for months. he argued that if the russians defended sevastopol for 250 days, then königsberg would hold out for no less. by order of the commandant, together with with regular units of the wehrmacht , almost the entire male population was mobilized. according to the soviet raz...

the task of taking köneksberg was assigned to the third belarusian front. it was led by thirty-eight-year-old general of the army ivan chernyakhovsky. on february 18, 1945 , chernyakhovsky was mortally wounded by an artillery shell that exploded near him. on the same day, moscow appointed marshal alexander vasilevsky as commander. arriving at the front, he stopped the offensive and began to carefully prepare the future operation. he quite reasonably assumed that the question of time no longer plays a significant role, and the main thing is to prepare the troops in a technical, tactical sense and develop this consistent strategy for the destruction of all strongholds. vasilevsky was the

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