the country is destroyed, when there is a civil war, when we are choked by epidemics of typhus, syphilis, yes, when there are a lot of homeless children, yes, these are all the most difficult, so to speak, social issues, the country is thinking about where we can get such a metal alloy to insert at least two, three or four teeth for everyone, kino pravda, a documentary film by dziga vertov from 1922, people's commissar simashka reports: about the health of vladimir ilyech lenin. when the bolsheviks took power, lenin made his party comrade the head of medicine it is difficult to imagine a better organizer of the soviet union. simashka had to do the impossible. on the one hand, the country was in ruins, diseases and epidemics, on the other hand, in imperial russia there was no centralized provision of assistance to the sick. this was done by various ministries and departments, private and charitable organizations. mashka, acting as

a crisis manager, as we would say today, took the model of military medicine, that is , first, he strung together the beginning, then free of charge, preventive care, approach centers of assistance to the victims, the sick, did it all at the state level, state medicine, because it was no longer possible to create another medicine as such, centralization required that there be a leader everywhere who bore responsibility. to whom financial resources could be entrusted, as in the army, so the model turned out, for the bolsheviks centralization in medicine was still a political issue, because in a large medical society, such as pirogovskaya, which was founded before the revolution, they could counter-revolutionary ideas, on the other hand, without centralization, strict verticality, subordination, it is impossible to give all soviet people access to medicine, what are the two main principles in this? model is the

therapeutic principle, that is, the population attached to the therapeutic area and the hierarchical principle, well, you can explain it in this way that the patient's path is a felaser-obstetric station, accessibility in any populated areas in rural areas too, then a district hospital, a regional hospital and a highly specialized medical institution, all this is preserved. here we are more immersed in the unity of prevention and treatment, it must be said that in the russian federation there is a unique system of preventive visits, we call it a medical examination, a medical check-up. the disease must be prevented, caught at an early stage. semashka introduced mandatory medical examination, it was individualized depending on gender and age. in schools, universities, factories and plants, once a year everyone went for fluorography, had an appointment with a specialist doctor.

for half an hour to exercise, it was not even just a model, but a philosophy. the soviet country was raising a new man, buildings in the constructivist style were built exactly so that people could work and rest comfortably, do gymnastics on sunlit terraces, by and large, and built the city of the sun. nikolai semashko wrote: "soviet medicine is inextricably linked with physical culture, and soviet physical culture is not a record holder."

mom, who is his daughter, they went, nationalized sanatoriums, and as she writes, that a lot of local people met them, showed them former palaces, dachas, cottages, including, he writes, that they were immediately renamed, that is, the palace of alexander ii was renamed into the clinic of the third international, in the footage of the chronicle is precisely the levodi palace, now it is a peasant resort. water procedures, mud, sharku shower, gymnastics, air baths, here is also therapeutic gymnastics according to the method of dr. sander, generally unheard of, now it is difficult to imagine, those first resort-goers, proletarian peasants, it was necessary to teach how to rest, they did not know how to do this,

how to do nothing, just lie in the sun or kick their legs in the air, after all , their whole life is in work, and a rare break was only on a holiday, it was necessary to teach not only how to rest from ... in the poster, this is the prevention of diseases of adults, above this poster is a portrait of simashka, we see, well, besides , cinema has already become widespread, and this, of course, is the greatest opportunity for agitation and propaganda. this film can safely be called a masterpiece of health education,

people are shown how to wash their faces properly, you can take examples from a cat, how to wash your hands thoroughly and for a long time. by the way, during the covid times, we had to explain to people again. there are posters and completely unique documents, scripts, propaganda plays. we have in the exhibition a soldier who did not wash his party clothes and became a source of infection with typhus, the play tells about how...

institutions of this type and actually help in remote settlements and even remote small towns it there was no maternity care, if you remember, a large number of street children at that time, so this system that was built, which we have today, starting from a pregnant woman, then giving birth, then a newborn and... a baby, school medicine, that's all that was put forward by nikolayevich semashko. a separate chapter is mandatory vaccination, vaccinations for children, starting from a certain age. thanks to them, it was possible to defeat such terrible diseases as smallpox, and children's scarlet, for example, became non-fatal, almost

defeated tuberculosis already in the late brezhnev era. nikolai semashko was not only an excellent organizer, he was greatly helped by the experience of a sanitary zemstvo doctor. received in his youth in the oryol and samara provinces, during this time he encountered both ordinary problems, as well as truly sanitary and hygienic, epidemiological. problems, and simashka, in fact, remained a zemstvo doctor in some way all his life, that is, he looked at problems from the point of view of a practicing doctor, so of course this experience remained with him all his life and convinced simashka of the need to carry out some active measures specifically from the point of view of preventive medicine, in terms of vaccination, in terms of...

the health care system, which is also called beveridge. 100 years have passed since the fanatically devoted people's commissar simashka created his health care system. it was seriously broken in the 1990s, but its principles remain fundamental in the 21st century, for example, mandatory vaccination was reintroduced during the covid epidemic. his hands were terribly

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the vostok launch vehicle a duplicate of the rocket that yuri gagarin could have flown into space, the world's first museum of the history of cosmonautics, we arrived in the kaluga region, the region is at the top of the national investment climate rating, and attention is paid to the environment here environment, it is one of the leaders in the field of waste management. strategies for socio-economic development by 2040 - to reduce the amount of emissions in the region by almost half: increase the share of energy-efficient houses to 70% continue the environmental modernization of production. kaluga region ranks sixth in the national environmental rating. in terms

of quality of life, it is twelfth and a fairly high third position in the ranking of regions in achieving sustainable development goals. so, let's go study how the region is progressing in all these directions. silent and fast. we will find out how electric car chargers are produced in kaluga. plastic rebirth. we will visit one of the largest plants in russia for processing secondary raw materials into polymer granules. visiting natalia goncharova. we will see how cultural heritage sites are being restored in the region. experimental garden. we will see how plants that are not typical for the temperate climate zone have been preserved. around the world in a couple of hours, and finally we will go to the largest ethnographic park in our country. the key role in the region's economy is played by industry, which is based on the cluster principle of development. kaluga oblast took this path about 20 years ago and is now among the leaders of the national

investment climate rating. over these years , it has been created.

but there is manual labor, for example, soldering a module that ensures charging safety, this is a development of local engineers, which is not inferior in quality to foreign analogues, while the price is 70 times lower. a more mass segment is the segment of home stations, this is the most, well, as if ergonomic method of using an electric car, it just quietly, calmly charges itself absolutely silently at night, either in the garage or next to your home and in the morning it is always ready for a full run.

now in the region 82% of waste is sorted and the main types of fractions are processed. one of the largest enterprises in the country for processing plastic secondary raw materials into polymer granules is located in the peremyshelsky district of the kaluga region. about 13.00 tons of finished material are obtained per year, which then goes to production, for example, packaging of host products or plastic pipes. about 20 thousand tons of plastic are brought here not only from the kaluga region, but also from all over the country. various films, packaging, containers, which were used, for example, in murmansk or sochi, are sorted and distributed among the workshops. there the plastic is crushed, washed and dried. these processes have been made as environmentally friendly as possible. our enterprise has implemented a closed

water purification cycle, which is used when washing polymer waste. this process requires very large volumes, about 120 cubic meters of water go through a cycle and are constantly cleaned. the cleaning system will only be improved, it will appear in the new building, the company received a loan of 100 million rubles from sberbank for construction, which increased green financing and isg loans in the kaluga region. for 2024, our loan portfolio increased, currently exceeds 71 ​​billion rubles. and the share of responsible, so-called green financing of izh loans exceeds 15% of the total. we financed a very large. esg project to modernize power grids, this allows and carries in itself a noticeable economic effect, more than 15% of electricity is saved. sber also took

part in the development of a strategy for tourism development in the kaluga region. last year, it financed a public-private partnership project for the construction and reconstruction of a famous estate in the region. 30 km from kaluga there is a cultural heritage site. this is a whole complex that includes estates, museums, parks and a functioning paper mill, all of which are directly related to the history of the pushkin and goncharova families. in this estate raised natalya nikolaevna, here alexander sergeevich wooed her. in 1834 they came here to visit, you could say, the hostess now greets guests, tour guides in 19th century costumes show the intricacies.

famous faces are intertwined with the history of production, now it is a point of attraction for tourists, this place is not only a museum, it is also a place for rest, because as a romantic place of the 19th century, as such an unusual estate, which combines industrial production operating to this day, estate traditions, attracts people, and the location itself on the peninsula created by the river... sukhadrev allows you to spend time here in communication with nature, in communication with historical objects. more than 100,000

guests a year, for whom he builds infrastructure, while preserving the historical appearance of the place. for example, a small hotel with 11 rooms was made from a former carriage house, there are plans to reconstruct another architectural monument and make a hotel in it 3.5 times larger and a restaurant. these were weaving chambers, here they wove canvas for purses for the petrovsky fleet at one time, in addition to the fact that this is a hotel, that is, a three-star category, we have a restaurant, for which we are not ashamed, plus we do various activities, since we have a river, of course, this is a boat station, floating gazebos, a floating bathhouse, together with the museum we hold a lot of event events of various children's, military history... 100 km from the pushkin places, the unique garden of the soviet scientist dandrarium is being revived agronomist. tara of the sokaluga region is a place

known to tourists in the museum of polustovsky polenov tsvetaeva 3 years ago. a new cultural and educational space, a garden and a house of rakitsky opened here. in his experimental garden, agronomist nikolai petrovich rakitsky planted rare plants from other climate zones, they took root, so 139 exhibits from all over the soviet union were collected, some of them still live in the garden. this is a far eastern actenidium, and it was planted by nikolai petrovich and it already almost 100 years. and look how beautifully we decorated the space around, but also unloaded the facade of the historic house. to reduce the load on the historic logs. the heritage was preserved by the new owner of the estate , evgeniya zhdanov. the collection of plants and the layout of the garden were restored according to the records.

the scientist managed to save the historic interiors of the house, ceramic stoves lined with traditional kaluga izrastsi of the late 16th century, stained glass windows and turned the garden and museum into a cultural and educational space, which has been visited by more than 5,000 people since the beginning of the year . tourists. now we act not only as a museum space, but also as a creative and cultural venue, and concerts, lectures, and master classes were held here throughout the season. outstanding performers, young, talented guys and old people performed, that is why we plan to continue our cultural activities, now tourism for the kaluga region is more of a challenge, its share in the regional gross product is only 2%, while governor vladislav shapsha sees good potential for development, this is what today is developing dynamically, in the kalubskaya region the number of tourists who come

has increased many times. and moscow is the largest ethnographic park-museum in russia ethnomir on 140 hectares, architecture, national cuisine, traditions, crafts and life of all countries of the world, each is allocated a unique cultural reserve, this courtyard. mira street stretches for 1.5 km, where you can find yourself in europe and north america at the same time, feed fish in asia and go out to the square with a huge russian stove surrounded by traditional russian huts, or

look. into the yurt, on this side, from me to the left, from you to the right, this is the men's side, on the right side, from me - this is the women's side, well, and you are sitting in the most important place, while 140 hectares of the park are not built up even half, gradually each russian region will have its own yard, there will be more hotels. last year , more than 350,000 tourists visited the kaluga world in miniature, more than half of them stay here for the weekend. we try to minimize the so -called carbon footprint, so most of the buildings, hotels, etc., they erected using special frame technologies that minimize heat loss and make buildings as energy efficient as possible, which greatly reduces the costs of heating them in winter and cooling them in summer. and now we are implementing

a geothermal cooling and heating system in practice in both residential and commercial buildings. by 2040, the kaluga region plans to develop in four directions: social well-being, leadership in high technology and investment openness, and territorial reassembly, which implies integration with the moscow agglomeration and development of high-speed transport links with modern city centers. this is how the kaluga region creates comfortable conditions for life, leisure and work. with care for the environment, it develops high-tech and clean production. and such projects with principles of environmental, social and corporate management are being implemented throughout the country. next time we will go to primorsky krai.

the russian ministry of energy sees the need to create a unified energy strategy brix, the situation on the oil products market in russia is stable, novak notes. a resonant statement within the framework of the russian energy week, which started in the capital. today the president will speak at the forum, what will be discussed? our military attacked the enterprise. sko region we are talking about the part that is under the control of ukraine. drones were assembled and stored in the workshops. 250 drones were destroyed. a whole series of negotiations in new york with sergey lavrov. who has the minister already met, what documents have been signed and to whom has he brought gifts tula gingerbread? we'll show you how zelensky runs away from our sovcor, valentin bogdanov. why don't you want to negotiate with...