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of moscow we were going to assemble spacecraft, prepare for launch, for me it sounded like a person who worked in the aerospace industry, like something unusual, and to be honest, at first i didn't believe it, it's not scary, in general it seems to me a little it's scary, scary, but it's such a fear, you know, which gives a feeling of some... it's such an adrenaline drive, it's cool, it 's especially great when you feel not alone in this, when there are so many people around with the same desire, then it's not scary anymore, you just do it, the bureau has its own flight control center, the company's employees created it themselves as a necessary working area for monitoring communications with satellites, this is where it is most often located.

we argue, we argue, we find a solution, when we get a result, everything actually happens here. in june of 23, the team launched its first group of three rassvet-1 satellites into orbit from the vostochny cosmodrome. a few months later , they conducted an experimental video communication session with their help. the connection was established between the bureau 1440 mission control center and mount fisht, which is located in the republic of adegeya on the territory of the caucasian biosphere reserve. this area is outside the service of traditional communication services, but through low-orbit satellites, communication became possible. the signal went through, actually through. the apparatus connected the

satellite communications terminal, which was on mount fish with one of the apparatuses, then the signal was transmitted to another, from the second to the third, from the third it was already descending, landing on the ground in moscow, and thus this communication chain was closed, along which the video call was made. the conference was held by deputy prime minister dmitry chernyshenko, who was in moscow, and his...

new engineering culture, which is being formed in the country, believes the general director of bureau 1440 alexey sholobkov. he graduated from baumanka, robotics engineer with honors, graduate of the 2000s. at the time of graduation i worked in my specialty for zero days, why? well there were no tasks, yes, that is, where could a graduate of a good technical university with an engineering specialty go? well there were no companies that could offer such complex tasks, on such a scale with such ambitions. in recent years the situation has changed, alexey is sure, he himself, as the head of bureau 1440, directly... participates in the formation of this process, in the development domestic companies that unite talented engineers, the golden intellectual fund of russia and set global and non-trivial tasks for them. my personal ambition is to create such companies that will not survive for some

months or years, but will live for decades, maybe even centuries, which will eventually become the very flywheel that will launch, well, in a good way, such a technological evolution. after all, we live in a world where technologies are decisive. for almost 4 years of work the team of the 14:40 bureau has grown from a few people at the start to one and a half thousand specialists at the moment. these guys, for us, really, first of all want to create, solve problems, perhaps there are some more there, i don’t know, profitable in some financial sense work tasks, probably, perhaps, yes, but there are definitely no more interesting ones, yes, therefore this combination of burning eyes, a combination of absolute focus on the task, the ability to apply knowledge, competencies, to gather together the best brains, it seems to me, this is a modern engineering culture, most of the employees

are highly qualified engineers, the average age of which is 30-40 years, that is, for this area these are young specialists, and the company continues to grow actively, in our country there are a lot of... talented, inventive, intelligent engineers, they are already working on interesting tasks somewhere, so our - the task, the complexity of our task is to explain why space - this has some magical property that you can follow, which you can work on, to which you can devote your life, that's why we are looking all over the country. sergey skorokhod supervises the development of the spacecraft control system in the bureau, under his leadership the local central control center was created, the team is also engaged in writing software for satellites and technologies for their testing, and since we understood that we should not be minimally dependent on the outside world, and therefore we had to independently develop all the devices and all the software in these

devices in our space parade, this is what the stands on which the bureau engineers look like testing software updates or equipment developed by them. and for this they do not necessarily have to be directly in the office, and as you can see, there are racks here, but there are no engineers, and no one is sitting near the devices, not trying to do something with them, this is not without reason, yes, engineers are most likely sitting, but in smolensk, khabarovsk, krasnoyarsk, somewhere else, wherever we found good, smart engineers, we took them to our team. my name is anton gromov, i am a leading systems engineer. i am responsible for the control system of our satellites. he studied at at the st. petersburg polytechnic university, he was already working as a programmer in his specialty when he suddenly realized that he absolutely needed to go into cosmonautics. the desire was so strong that even without experience or professional

contacts in this field, anton took the risk. i started with, probably, the only right step, i started working for free. i started gaining experience, just solving. the problem, it all started with a crowdfunding project, together with a group of enthusiasts like him, he designed a lunar satellite, it was supposed to fly straight around the moon and photograph it, and i became a ballistician for this project, that is, i calculated the trajectory of this satellite so that it would not fall. the nuance was that anton had never studied ballistics, which is the science of the motion of solid bodies thrown into space, before. and mastered it on his own, poring over books, scientific articles and textbooks. as a result, he and his team were noticed, among the first employees, invited to work at the 14:40 bureau, now he is responsible for the control system of small spacecraft in the company. my team and i

we make sure that our satellites know exactly where they are flying, so that they know what to do, and turn in the right direction in time. the device that tells us how to turn the satellite is a star sensor, its principle is generally simple, it simply photographs the stars and compares it with a star map. it has a map of the entire sky, and in this way it understands what part of the sky it is currently looking at, and this allows us to understand how the entire satellite is turned, and the main device that allows us to rotate the satellite around its axis is like this so-called flywheel engine, in our company we place a lot of emphasis on all kinds of testing, if we talk about the laser communication terminal, we spent more... 1600 hours to conduct a full cycle of tests, this is

directly our laser communication terminal itself, and roughly it consists of three main parts, this is the upper part, this is the receiving and transmitting optical system, which is responsible for receiving and transmitting useful information and for testing the optical guidance system, the middle part is slewing ring. it is part of the rough guidance circuit, and the lower part is this whole part, this is the power supply control unit, it contains the rest of our optical system, all the main optoelectronics, all the control boards, this is one of the production shops of bureau 1440, here, but not only, the company manufactures parts for future satellites, the head of the dep...

is produced in russia, ksenia notes. at the same time, the company manufactures particularly precise parts exclusively with its own forces, and it's not just that biroy considers this technology key for its satellites, but that it basically did not exist as such in the country, which means there are no manufacturers. development has been underway since the seventies of the last century, by may of the twenty -second year such a device did not exist in the world. devices in may of the twenty-fourth year, just 2 years after the start

of development, we became the first in russia and one of the first in the world to confirm this complex technology in real operating conditions. ksenia lazarenko - graduate one of the oldest technical universities in the country, the ustinov military mechanical institute in st. petersburg. yes, this is actually a very interesting story, because all my school life i thought i was a humanities student, tells how to win. olympiad, she entered the university without exams and graduated with honors from the faculty of aviation and rocket engineering. my diploma is the launch of missiles from silos, and my diploma work is a powder pressure accumulator for launching missiles. and this is far from ksenia's only education. she also studied at the moscow institute of physics and technology, rankix higher school of economics, received an mba from mgemo, but despite the opportunities that the knowledge gained provides, she always chose engineering. at bureau 14:40, she was invited to a management position in the summer of 2021, from the moment

they called me until the moment i decided that i was moving, about 3 days passed, so this is really my easiest and fastest decision, because i thought it was so great that there is an opportunity to influence and change the world, and at the same time it is also space. ksenia is responsible for the direction in the company inter-satellite communications, he says, this type of communication is necessary because from... spacecraft points within the group, information is transmitted many times faster and more reliably than from each satellite to the ground, then back into space. due to the ability to transmit information between spacecraft, you do not always need to have a gateway station in the line of sight of the spacecraft, because you can transmit a request from a subscriber to other devices that already have this gateway station in their line of sight, and thus, you provide global coverage. when the question arose: how exactly to communicate with the apparatus, we decided to use laser communication. this

required a technology that did not exist in russia, - says ksenia. dozens of possible solutions, more than 20 thousand drawings and about the same number of hours spent on testing. as a result, we received an optical-electronic device, a terminal that allows you to communicate with a traveler in orbit. the guidance system is probably one of the main challenges of our system, because we like the metaphor, it's like you need to hit a fly with a laser pointer that 's flying a kilometer away from you, and you don't quite understand where exactly it is. flying, and you're also very bad at working with your hands, so it's unclear how your pointer behaves, so it's really a very difficult task. a russian company became the third in the world to solve this engineering problem: to implement laser communication between satellites in practice. now the question is about scaling the group. by according to bureau 1440 calculations, in order to cover

the entire planet with seamless coverage, about 300 satellites are needed, this is the necessary minimum. says deputy general director dmitry agafonov. as a result, a certain golden ratio in the industry is considered to be a parameter of about a thousand satellites in orbit, which allows - well, practically any tasks with a reserve of 5-7 10 years - that this group faces to solve. therefore, we have these two - probably cornerstones, cornerstones of the size and marks in the group - this is 290 and up to there. 930 satellites to solve the problems that will be set before it. today, the approximate indicators of the target product that the bureau is working on are already clear. we are talking about data transmission at a speed of up to 1 gigabit per second to a subscriber terminal with a signal delay of up to 70 milliseconds. this is already comparable to terrestrial communication networks, that is, everything that we are used to

receiving where there is fiber optics, cable, yes, this is a terrestrial connection to us, can be received via satellite. where it was previously impossible. dmitry shares plans for the areas of application of the new satellite communications, notes that this primarily concerns remote , hard-to-reach areas of the country. logging, geological exploration, one can list a huge number of objects that require connection where it is currently physically or economically impossible to do. there is a need for telemedicine, first aid stations, yes, remote servicing of small villages, where it is simply impossible to maintain a full-fledged mid-point, so there are a huge number of scenarios. organization of communication on all types of transport is also considered: airplanes, trains, ships, but there are other potential possibilities. if laser communication between spacecraft, then radio communication is planned to be used for communication with the earth. this will expand

the geographical coverage area and eliminate the influence of the atmosphere signal - explains anton kuroptev. he is in charge. of the integrated design of the payload, and the canvas that we see in front of us is the radio equipment itself, which receives signals from space, converts signals for distributing the internet, the key feature of our terminal is that it scans the sky with a beam, thus searching for the best satellite for itself. this is what the subscriber terminal will look like: a device distributing the internet directly to users, and this is also the company's own development. what is the special feature of our subscriber terminals? they are developed on the basis of smart antennas, the so-called afar antennas, their task is to scan with a beam and search for the most suitable satellite for a communication session. thus, the consumer receives better internet quality with less delay. anton also specified that the 1440 bureau is based on

the protocols of advanced innovative technology (5gn), the letter. means that non-terrestrial communication networks are used, that is, the key feature of our system is a satellite communication system, so we use the protocol that ensures the functioning of our communication system, it can also be compatible with 5g nazim networks, that is, the consumer can conditionally first talk in city ​​via 5g terrestrial networks, then go out of town to stay in the same network, but via a satellite system. one of the challenges that the bureau team is currently facing is to create the entire ground infrastructure for communication with spacecraft and signal transmission to subscribers. until now, russia had no experience in creating a serial multi-satellite constellation, yes, that is , there were no ready-made solutions, there were no

processes, there were no suppliers that could be... taken and applied accordingly in they need to scale their project, so in fact we had to build everything from scratch, also production, put it on stream, in order to produce the number of satellites necessary for their tasks in a short time, the processes for the transition to the bureau series have already been launched, this is a very complex process, taking into account the fact that in our devices, in fact, in order to... to create, it is necessary to produce tens of thousands of components that need to be produced with a certain cycle, and this cycle must be synchronized so that production came constantly... the necessary number of components to produce devices, to produce apparatus. at present, the issue of personnel, which

bureau 1440 is interested in, is important. in addition to the fact that the company attracts already established professionals. they have an educational project with the baumman moscow state technical university within the framework of the federal program for the creation of advanced engineering schools. here is the engineering base, in the form in which it was taught in the soviet union. these are generally very erudite people, who today, for example, manage my team and the cost of the product and its, in general , technical appearance, and this is new, something that

was perhaps lacking in the soviet development system, when responsibility for the cost is also on the developer, because the cost is a technical solution, oddly enough, and modern engineers are people with a broad outlook and a variety of hobbies, they write poetry, are engaged in professional. a lot of colleagues gathered for this marathon, well, i just couldn't help but participate,

bureau 1440 also has its own musical group, assembled from employees, called the first space, an engineer is a very creative person, and naturally the creative spirit breaks through in the desire... to fly rhymes with the company's key mission , inspiring further discovery on a global scale.

north africa linked britain with its entire asian empire. the soviet canal is an extremely important artery. musarini believed that the italians should expand their sphere of presence, moreover, there was a project for italy to dominate the northern part of the african continent. the italian troops were not in a very good moral condition strip. from the point of view of the german command's plan, well, how to replace the italians here on the battlefield, to make. a junior partner, 150 tanks to rome, they drink phantasmogoria, the english nation is in shock, if the english had not managed to hold

the defense here, then the germans occupied bakair, it turned out that the allies could also beat germany.

"we live in a great country, and this is true, each time after the cruel shocks of the death of thousands of people, the state was again assembled into a single system, with a rigid centralized system of governance, the idea of ​​​​binding state, such as it was in the ussr, we are building a new world and a new man." this is memory, some like it, some don't, but it is there, this is memory, for me, for you, you alone, to win, we need a victory of any goal.

day of mourning in dagestan, the number of victims of the explosion at the gas station has grown to 13, the investigation continues at the scene. what condition are the victims in and what assistance will be provided to the families of the victims, this is in the report of our correspondent in dagestan. new attack on shebekino. one person died, two were injured as a result of the strike of the armed forces of ukraine on the belgorod region. we are waiting live broadcast from a correspondent in the region. precise strikes by iskander m crews on the territory of the yuzhmazh plant in dnepropetrovsk destroyed three warehouses with ammunition for the missile systems of the armed forces of ukraine. what is known about

the fate of hezbollah leader hassan nasrallah in the israeli army officially announced the liquidation of the head of the shi'id organization. representatives of hezbollah itself are still silent. deadly helen in the usa, more than 40 people died as a result of a powerful hurricane. in the state of tennessee , there is a threat of a dam breakthrough, people are being evacuated from the disaster area. issue with situation in belgorod oblast: one person was killed and two were wounded as a result of a new strike in the ssu on shibekina. governor vyacheslav glodkov reported on the consequences of the attack. our special correspondent, yegor grigoryev, is currently working in belgorod oblast. he is in direct contact with the studio. yegor, hello, what is known at this minute about the consequences of the strike and the condition of the wounded.