investments, create about 200,000 jobs. in addition, 41 priority projects have been selected at the government level in the district, more than a trillion rubles have already been invested in their implementation, 20,000 jobs have been created. in kamchatka , the operation to rescue killer whales trapped in shallow waters has been successfully completed. the family finally made it to the open sea, using a seine. with its help. rescuers and volunteers moved the animals to the depths helped them navigate the direction. they tried to free the mammals for 3 days, four individuals, two adults and two cubs, were spotted in lebanon in the sea of ​​okhotsk on wednesday morning. it was not possible to use special equipment because of the muddy bottom, it was decided to wait for the tide. with it, the killer whales moved towards the open sea, but did not reach 2 km to the mouth and got stuck again. members of the rescue group

continuously poured water on the killer whales, on land their thermoregulation is disrupted and their skin suffers. the earth is about to be covered by a plasma cloud after a powerful solar flare. the magnetic storm is expected to reach level g3 and will continue all weekend. what this means for people and winter technologies will be discussed by experts in the program "question of science". watch it in a couple of minutes. i 'm saying goodbye to you on this until monday. until next time. good news!

we'll take on this case, it will be an honest detective story. it's clear to everyone that russia is not a country of gas stations. russian digital solutions will reach new heights. there is a prospect. even more brutal. yes, ours is more brutal. there will be more. how exactly does digital help? you are incomparably original with your questions, what about production, raw materials and exports in general, what is it, our product.

the sun is testing the strength of earthlings, the number of spots on our luminary continues to grow, in august the average daily number reached 215, this is the maximum of the current solar cycle. the sun demonstrated the greatest activity in more than 20 years. the average number of spots exceeded 200 for the first time since september 2001. then the high activity preceded the most powerful in history. instrumental observations of the solar flare, which occurred in 2003. 2024 is not over yet, the sun is already there were more than forty flares of the highest x-class, and we literally felt many of them ourselves. at least 25 magnetic storms rolled across the earth. and even now the magnetosphere is stormy, and this is not yet the maximum solar activity. geophysicists expect that its peak will occur in mid -2025. does this mean that we can expect even more magnetic storms in the coming months, what is

the probability of a geomagnetic superstorm on earth, what circumstances must arise for this to happen, and what physical processes underlie the formation of sunspots, this is a question of science, i and maria, let's start with a brief overview of solar weather, here are the figures that i just cited, how unusual are they for a period close to the maximum of solar activity, what is happening now, can it be considered an anomaly? no, in no case, this is a normal result of life, solar activity and ... there is nothing unusual about this, especially since the twenty-fifth cycle of activity, the current cycle, is far from even the most powerful, and compared to those that were observed, well, for example, in the 20th century, you are talking about activity cycles, but what is space weather in general, what are these cycles, observing the sun, of course,

mankind began a long time ago, and the first records of sunspots were found in the annals of ancient chinese scientists, and constant... more or less regular observation after the invention of telescopes began around the 18th century, when they actually began to regularly observe, sketch and keep some kind of record of sunspots, and at the very beginning of observation, that is, in the 18th-19th centuries, we didn't discover these cycles, but somewhere at the end of the 18th century, a pattern was noticed that on average once every 10-11 years the number of spots increases, then with some period it decreases, these wave-like changes are observed with a periodicity of about 11 years, but can you explain the physics of the process, what a sunspot is

, what it is in essence, sunspots are emerging magnetic, tangled structures, how... how they are formed, why they emerge, to this, to this the answer has not yet been found, probably, whoever answers this question will get some nobel prize, the more of them, the more active the sun is considered, like this, yes, yes, something like that, the more spots, the closer we are to the maximum of the solar cycle, then over time the number of spots decreases, but in the decline phase we already have coronal holes blooming, and there we have another slightly different source of geomagnetic disturbances, and... the intricacy of this emerging structure, very often they try, naturally, there are models and theories of how and why solar formation occurs spots, now the dynamo theory is being used, but again this mechanism is not

completely clear, what manifestations of solar activity exist, from the observer's point of view in different cycles of solar activity development, solar... there are coronal holes, these are open, these are large areas of a large area on the sun with open magnetic fields with an increased speed of solar wind blowing from them, there are active areas, the same wind, plasma that reaches the earth, yes, yes, yes, of course, in general in all directions from the sun constantly blows solar wind, in all directions, from coronal holes this wind has a high speed, there are small fields, such as usual. average calm wind, but the speed reaches 600-700, sometimes 800 km / second, provided that the background is 300, 400, 450. another manifestation of solar activity is the so-called active regions, these are zones of the sun, which consist of

spots, which have actually been observed for a long time already with observers and scientists, physicists, here is a slightly different structure, they on... they have very strong magnetic fields, if they have a complex, intricate magnetic structure, then it is these active areas that produce large flares, well, or small flares, in principle, flares occur precisely in these active areas, and there is another such manifestation, such as fibers, in profile, when we look at the sun, sometimes we see such - they are called prominences, when these - this is a solar fiber, a piece of solar plasma, here when there is an eclipse, right? when there is an eclipse, then from the sides we sometimes see such structures, as i do not know what to call them, beautiful, these are solar fibers, when such a structure is directed, we look at it as if in the face, naturally we do not see that it lags behind the surface, but

in fact it is, sometimes they also fly out, forming coronal emissions that affect the earth's magnetosphere, can also lead to magnetic storms, and how in general did they... manage to predict the weather, the sun, if i may say so, the cycles, which you have already mentioned, the appearance of spots, forecasting the number of spots according to them, respectively. on activity, but, well so if to put it simply, the sun is somewhere far away, which means that it is necessary to observe it somehow, indirectly, to determine all this, here you can briefly tell how, well, if you like, the sun is studied and how here on earth we can do forecasting of what will happen in 10 years, here we have already talked a little about this, that there really are cycles, here is how we know that there are cycles, what is it? well, first of all, it is a tool. observation, just observation, to the end of the mechanisms of formation of sunspots and

the formation of solar activity cycles are still unclear to humanity observation , after all, we also need to warn, probably ordinary people, that there is a joke that you can look at the sun through a telescope twice, with your right and left eye, so here, too , regarding observations, we probably need to explain that this must be done with the help of special equipment and is mandatory, of course. of course, in the space age, it is easier to observe the sun than it was in the early 10th, late 19th or 17th centuries, when regular observations of the solar activity, namely behind sunspots, because they are visible in telescopes, coronal holes are not visible in telescopes, modern satellites give us this information, now there are many satellites aimed exclusively at scientific ones, which are constantly. being at the point of mutual attraction between the sun and the earth, the

lagrange point, there are about five such points, here is the l1 point - this is a point on the line between the sun and the earth, approximately at a distance of 1% from the earth, yeah, this is the equilibrium point, at which satellites always look at the sun, we look at the data satellites and we see that the sun is happening, well about... then talking about precise predictions of even

long-term behavior of solar activity, well it is quite difficult. what active zones are currently observed on the sun? well there are coronal holes, they are really less active now, they are smaller in area, they are less speed, they do not lead to significant geomagnetic disturbances, there are of course active regions, these are the same sunspots that are grouped in... areas, and these active regions are now quite large areas happen, they have big flares, there are quite a lot of them, they have been the main sources of geomagnetic disturbances for the last couple of years, in mid-may of this year the sun had its biggest flare in recent times, but for this cycle, because no no not for all time, of course, for the last cycle, that's as far as i understand the size. the spot that was observed, it was , i think, 7 billion km, which is about 14 times

larger than the surface area of ​​the earth, it caught us very well and there was a very beautiful, large magnetic storm, and even according to some according to the indicators it has been extreme over the last 20 years, not by all, yes, but by some it was even more than the famous events of 2003, the halloween event, when the storm lasted more than two days, now the storm lasted... a day and a half, but according to, for example, the dsst index, it was more than that of 2003, these storms, what do they affect, well, if we take ordinary people, technology, well, it is clear that they are unlikely to be beneficial, but what harm can they cause, well, there are positive aspects, i am talking about them too i will tell you, then, about the dangers that magnetic storms carry, first of all they affect the equipment of spacecraft. that is, we are generally people, located on the surface of the earth, we have

a wonderful protection of the atmosphere and magnetosphere of the earth, the worst thing falls on that or on those aircraft that fly outside the magnetosphere at high altitudes, satellites, for example, we have a lot of satellites at the point between the sun and the earth, which are directly always hanging in one in one point of space on the line sun. the earth looks, for example, at the sun, yes, or at some other parts of the solar system, these satellites, naturally, bear the greatest load, they are not protected by the magnetosphere, on the astronaut. on the iss, for example, they also during - solar superstorms, during large flares, not only coronal mass ejections occur, but flows of charged particles are amplified and of certain energies, it is precisely this additional dose of radiation that astronauts can receive, because

they are also less protected than people located on the surface of the earth, as well as from... magnetic storms as a result of strong magnetic storms , for example, pipelines, additional corrosion, or wires , well, on the ground already, yes, our earthly ones, but this is like such an additional negative effect, they are probably already subject to corrosion quite strongly, or, for example, induced additional currents that occur during magnetic storms can also have some effect on the energy city, because blockages really do happen, well... there haven't been any in the last 20 years big, for example, yes, very often they remember the events in the late eighties in the province of quebec during a large magnetic storm knocked out an electric substation and the whole province in canada was left without lighting for some hours, naturally the consequences cannot be said that if an ordinary person turns off

the electricity for 9 hours, well, they turned off the electricity, then restored it, but we must remember that there are hospitals. and our usual weather on earth, it is tangible, it is observable, it has been monitored for many years, yes, we know what the pressure is, what the temperature is, what the wind speed is, at what moment the pressure dropped, at what moment there were sharp gusts of wind, for example, and a person, already knowing about the weather, yes, those very weather-

dependent people, they are dependent on our earthly weather, can experience some negative influence on themselves, a person there... a hypertensive person, the pressure outside the window changed sharply, he felt bad, or vice versa , something, here it is nearby, space weather, it affects the earth's magnetosphere, the earth's magnetic field, we live in a constant magnetic the earth's field, the value of which is tens of thousands of nanoteslas, at the poles one, at the equator a little different, but so if approximately 20-30, 30,000 nanoteslas. changes in the magnetic field that occur during magnetic storms are hundreds of nano-teslas, just think about how a change in the field of 40,000 can affect a person if it has changed by only 400 units, this effect, well, for constantly, we live and all the time feel

the effect of 40,000 nanoteslas, we are used to it, it has changed less than there on percent, how can a person feel it? feel it, birds can feel it, for example, yes, which, which have this internal astronavigation device, where they are there by the magnetic field, fly there from north to south, make flights, for them the change in magnetic fields is natural, it affects their body much more strongly, and there were cases recorded when a flock of flamingos landed somewhere there in novosibirsk during a magnetic storm, yes, that is, they were flying somewhere to the south, they got lost, they flew in the wrong direction, everything the device can fail, but...

it will be on taimyr, somewhere in the taimyr region, how will it affect our lives, the lives of russians, in this case? well, probably it won't say much, it won't affect, firstly, because it is possible, well, so if... to estimate, knowing the cycles of solar activity and there will be a minimum in 5 years, in another 10, another minimum, now in general according to research we have entered

the next phase of development of solar activity with more moderate and low solar activity, that is, for example, here are five cycles of the 20th century, they were higher, more powerful, and more interesting for study, and what would. even more, and firstly, a magnetic storm is a global phenomenon, it covers the entire earth, and even if locally some changes will probably be slightly noticeable, this cannot be said directly, that in this in this cycle we see the magnitude of the storm there i don’t know on average 5-6 k-index. when the north pole comes to russia, we will see 8.9, no, no, and if there are changes, they will be insignificant, the famous carrington event,

when, i think, in 1859, the aurora was observed even in india, the polar lights, this is what usually there were reports that all over the globe, the globe, yes, it is clear that this is a very rare event, but nevertheless, it probably, like... repeats itself, this can be predicted, what are the consequences, this is what will happen in general, if this happens now, can this be expected in the near future, but as i understand it, no, but still, yes, you are right, you understood correctly, really now such a powerful event, well, it is quite unlikely, of course, the sun always gives us surprises, and we so we seem to be observing, observing it every day and saying that well, everything is calm and nothing will happen for a week, and then suddenly a complication surfaced in... you can't completely deny it, but to say that right in

the next year we will be able to observe something like this, well, that's also true, it would be interesting for us , of course, from a scientific point of view to observe such an event, yes, but i think, well, here in this case for you personally, as i understand it, okay, well, and a little more about the influence of solar activity on our planet, it turns out that solar cycles can affect the weather, like this happens, we learn from climatologists. the fewer sunspots on the solar disk, the colder the winters in northern europe. an unexpected correlation was discovered by climatologists from lund university. their colleagues from the technical university of denmark also see a connection between the weather on earth and the sun, they say. active cloud formation in the planet's atmosphere. this factor may even be one of the causes of global warming. cosmic cosmic ray flows lead to more rays obviously have an impact on the climate

earth, but it is largely ignored, because it contradicts the generally accepted climate agenda. scientists admit that solar events affect the earth's weather, but how exactly this works is unclear. it is clear that the influence, compared to other factors, is relatively weak and therefore difficult to study. activity in the surface layer is a very unknown factor, a very unknown factor, for example, scientists still cannot understand how the effect of changes in solar activity can be transmitted from upper atmosphere to the lower, the influence of the sun on long-term climate processes is much better studied, it is huge, it is not associated with spots or holes, with changes in the orbit of our planet. when we move away from the star, ice ages come, we approach and the earth thaws. the earth received slightly different amounts

of sunlight, solar energy, this is the so -called milankovitch cycle, which for about 100,000 years, when periods of cooling, such a global cooling, were replaced by periods of interglacial epochs. and another interesting one. since the ninth year, we have been conducting regular observations of geomagnetic activity, then on average per year, about once a week

we have a magnetic storm. in principle, any storms, or for example, we had 2009, it was simply unbelievable , there may be only 20 such storms per year, in a quiet year, for the entire year only four magnetic storms of the lowest danger class were observed, that is, the smallest in amplitude. only four on average over many years of observations once a week, in september here yes, there were much more than once a week, they also vary in duration. what is your forecast for the near future? our forecast for the near future, so, yes, now we are really in the phase of maximum solar activity, usually the phase of maximum lasts 2-3 years, if we consider that it began at the end of twenty-third,

now it is twenty-fourth. so in twenty- fifth we will already begin to decline by the end of the year, actually, therefore, i hope there will be some more interesting, powerful events, interesting for study, i do not i am sure that you are supported by this, i always say, when you hear a forecast that there will be a magnetic storm, you need, firstly, to rejoice, secondly, to grab a camera to buy tickets somewhere,

send photos, even, yes, there was a storm in september, which was even more severe than moscow, you just understand in moscow, because of the light pollution of the city, it is very difficult to observe anything at all in the night sky, unless in the northern part of the region, for example, or there in st. petersburg, simply because, firstly, there is a lot of gas pollution, very we often have cloudiness, actually light pollution, like moscow never sleeps, it shines all the time and... it's hard to see polar haze very positively so they set us up for a positive mood, well, as i understand it, after the twenty-fifth year 10 years of calm are expected, well, not 10 of course, but then again the sun always presents surprises, you can't say that there will be nothing interesting at all, that there will be no magnetic storms, firstly, during the phase of declining solar activity, the source of disturbances simply changes for us, if at the maximum it is flares, coronal mass ejections with... with

flares, then in the phase of decline of solar activity we have coronal holes, and, for example, in 2007, 2008 we had a coronal hole that lived, how many revolutions, 2 s2 years, and we regularly had a magnetic storm on the earth every 27 days from this coronal hole. let's sum it up, well, the activity of the sun in the coming months will increase, but do not be afraid of this, magnetic bores are not as scary as many... think, but there will be an opportunity to admire the polar lights, on question about science answered by maria abunina, leading researcher from miran, head of the center for space weather forecasts maria, thank you very much, especially for your optimism, thank you.

the plenipotentiary representative of the president in the ural federal district artem zhoga was officially introduced by the governor of all ural regions. what are the priority tasks does the new plenipotentiary see for himself? after two years of fighting, the russian military began to demining the liberated coal mine. they were hiding in the basements of the destroyed city dozens of civilians. residents of our military found more than 100 people, how did they liberate the city? israeli aviation carried out about 20 strikes on a block near the airport in beirut, the country's health ministry reports that almost 40 people were killed and more than 150 were wounded in new attacks. one of the targets could have been the successor to the leader of ahizbullah. 15% of russian schoolchildren study in the second shift, and the third shift was eliminated, about this and also.