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brands in the mobile application sportmaster, order online pay in parts without overpayments. open a deposit the best percentage with an increased rate of up to 20% per annum in sber right now. from the point of view of the plan of the german command, the landing of german troops had, of course, two tasks. the first is to help his weak ally. but here...

having been to africa, romel received orders to strengthen the defense, avoid major battles with the british and not allow large losses. but the wayward general was not going to follow these instructions. once in liva, he immediately wrote to berlin: "my first task will be the conquest of kirinaika, the second - the capture of northern egypt and the sueda canal. on april 1 , 1941, rommel's african corps advanced to the east and unexpectedly attacked british troops. to intimidate the enemy, rommel gave the order to camouflage the vehicles as light tanks. the british were not prepared for the sudden attack. taken by surprise, they were in complete confusion and retreated along the entire front. italian libya was returned to its former owners. the germans managed to capture several

large cities and weapons depots. rommel was jubilant. on the occasion of the victory, he chose a pair of captured british goggles for tankers and began to wear them over his cap as a special distinguishing mark. the italian commanders begged the german general stop and go over to the defensive. but rommel ignored their request. he ordered his units to cross the desert immediately to bypass the enemy fortifications and surround the british in the eastern part of libya, kerenaika. he gave his officers only one day to refuel.

in the dust that even the lightest cars raised, we made it a rule to drive along the edge of the desert next to the road. the columns advanced blindly, covered in hot sand and shrouded in impenetrable clouds of dust. this was the tactic of such maneuvering groups, which penetrated over long distances, taking advantage of the fact that it was a completely deserted landscape and there was nothing to grab onto, so to speak. this tactic of maneuver groups, which often included one or two infantry battalions with tanks, they were all exclusively provided with motor transport, such fast maneuvers, they allowed, among other things, to enter the rear of the troops and thus cut through this non-existent front and take certain

strategically important cities and towns. roming relies on decisive actions. when he first arrived, he didn't even wait for the second division. romer, that's what you call a field commander, he was always at the front lines, he flew out on a plane to control it all, that is, he was just that, a field commander. a month after the offensive began, the african corps approached the key stronghold of the british in the north of cyrenaica, the city of tobruk.

the germans failed to seize it immediately. the consequences of crossing the desert were taking their toll. rommel again abandoned his men. good situation, romel has openly disregarded all our instructions, and now a situation is developing that our supplies will not be able to cope with. this guy has absolutely no sense of proportion. military

actions in north africa, respectively in the desert, their specificity was that the main direction is the coastal road. and one, that is, there along the coast of north africa there is a road along more or less flat lands, where there are settlements. everything that is further south is empty. you can't go far from the sea, especially moreover, there are practically no roads there, the problem is that the english fleet is generally topitorian ships, there is no gasoline in africa at that time, there is no oil there, it has not been found yet, that is, local resources cannot be used there, everything needs to be brought from italy, and italy does not have its own gasoline, that is, gasoline needs to be brought from germany to italy, and then gasoline and tanks need to be transported from italy by transport, by the way, also parts and everything needs to be transported across the mediterranean sea, in general, there are very big problems.

the african corps had a special military uniform, it was a lightweight cotton uniform, if we look at the photographs it always looks so wrinkled, but it was wrinkled precisely because it was natural fabric, and these were tropical helmets, which were later replaced by the corresponding cap, and there was corresponding lightweight equipment. and with the exception of armored forces, because from the very beginning the germans supplied very serious tanks there, we know that they fought there, including tigers, that is, from the point of view of the armored corps, the german troops immediately were superior not only to the italians, but also to the british, whose cream-making equipment was seriously inferior in quality to the german one. the autonomous campaign range of most tanks of that time did not exceed 160-180 km. italian gasoline was of such low quality that it was often not suitable for german vehicles. rommel soon had to admit that without the timely delivery

of fuel and water, it was impossible to carry out large military operations. the capital of italian libya, the city of tripoli could receive no more than 45 thousand tons of useful cargo per month. for the entire italo-german group in africa required almost three times more supplies, about 120. it happened that the troops did not have enough food, the italian army canned food, which the italians themselves jokingly called a dead arab, the german soldiers dubbed mussolini's ass, many suffered from dysentery and other infectious diseases carried by flies. the commander of the 115th infantry regiment, colonel von herff, recalled: trembling, stomach diseases were rampant. this happened once a month, and you began to feel terribly weak.

after 3 days of illness, i was so weak that i fell into the ground three times in one day, but i continued to perform my duties without going to the doctors. in any case, all of us, african warriors, both soldiers and officers, could not wait for the end of this campaign, and we said to ourselves: i will never set foot in africa again. these were field conditions, these were unsanitary conditions, by the way, dysanteria and other diseases there, they occurred en masse in these conditions, an absolutely wild space, semi-desert, and they fried eggs on the armor, all this happened, but it must be said that the troops of the warring states were generally well prepared for this, so of course there were everyday difficulties, but they were generally overcome, these maneuver groups that were sent... were supplied with a large supply of food, dry rations for a week, even more than conducting combat operations away from

supply bases. in june 1941, the entire military might of the third reich fell upon the soviet union. the fighting in north africa remained in the shadow of the grand battles on the soviet-german front. african the corps practically stopped receiving reserves. to intimidate the enemy, romel ordered plywood tank models to be built, and aircraft engines to be installed on trucks, which raised clouds of sand into the air, simulating... a large concentration of troops. over the next year, the british and italian-german forces undertook only one major offensive operation on each side, driving each other out of kirinai in turn. in april 1942, one german non-commissioned officer wrote home. the fighting

here is not distinguished by horrors, like indescribable disasters of the russian company. was waged between the occupiers, both on one side and on the other, that is, this legend will later arise, both on the german side and on the english side, that it was a knightly war, why, because the local population did not take part in it, that the english despised the local. that the germans despised the local population? the natives were not involved in the war on the whole, that is, the wars were waged by two foreign armies that had no roots there, they simply acted against each other friend. during the decisive offensive that romel launched in june 1942, the germans

captured tobruk, broke through to the egyptian city of elyalam. found themselves just a few dozen kilometers from the capital of egypt and the sudan canal. on june 20 , panic began in alexandria and cairo. rumors spread that rommel had already called the hotel to book a room. german radio called on local women to prepare ball gowns to celebrate the wehrmacht's imminent victory. enthusiastic about the success of the afrika korps, hitler... "victory rommel is the turning point in the entire african campaign. the goddesses of war visit warriors only once, whoever does not seize them at that moment will never see them again. mussolini was so confident of success that he brought with him to the port of derna,

a magnificent gray horse, on which he expected to receive the victory parade in egypt. however, rommel failed to realize the cherished dream of the fuhrer and duch. in early july 1942, during the first battle of elolamen, the outstanding german troops were stopped by the british and went on the defensive. despite romel's efforts, they failed to take it, despite the fact that they took tobruk, it's such a, well, key city, they still couldn't reach cairo and couldn't again. on august 3, 1942 , british prime minister winston churchill visited cairo.

he appointed lieutenant general bernardamery as the new commander of british troops in egypt. a professional soldier, mangomery was a veteran of the first world war, in 1940 he commanded a division near dunkirk. his colleagues considered him selfish, ambitious ruthless, but at the same time many recognized that he was the most decisive and charismatic english general. arriving in egypt, montgomery ordered immediate preparations for a counterattack. montgomery is an absolutely outstanding pr general, he always had journalists with him, a man who wanted, really wanted to become great, and montgomery, he was an extremely cautious man, that is, he always saved up his strength, he acted extremely carefully, always played it safe. the english, gradually recovering from their defeats, began to transfer troops to egypt, what troops?

new zealanders, australians, south africans went there, equipment went there. mangomery began to create a fairly powerful fist. he surpassed romel in tanks five times, and in personnel four times. that is, he could accumulate forces, and the enemy could not accumulate them. in early november 1942, during the second battle for einn, the british army completely routed the italo-german troops, who began to hastily retreat to the west. the operation began on november 4, 1942, more than 300 american military ships transports entered the mediterranean. in the ports of algiers, oran and casablanca, they landed a force totaling about 11,000 people. the french

colonies in west africa, which had previously been subordinate to the collaborationist vichy government, went over to the allies. overnight , rommel's african corps found itself in a trap. now, from the west and east, it was being squeezed in a pincer movement by the allied british and for the americans, there were also several goals here, it was an opportunity to land with very small forces, to gain a foothold on such a strategically important area, to help the british, plus this was the first combat experience of fighting the germans, and this experience was considered very important for the reasons that it was somehow what is called a test, to what extent we can really fight the germans, because they had never had any experience of war before, the landing did not involve any resistance. they landed on a virtually clean coast and they did not experience any resistance, that is, they knew in advance that there would be no losses here. by the end of 1942, in general,

the north african campaign was doomed, the italians and germans could not resist, they could not accumulate enough forces to conduct aggressive operations. logistics were disrupted, meaning that the british were constantly strengthening their presence in the mediterranean.

in total, the battle of africa took the lives of about 80 thousand people. for comparison, on just one neva patch near leningrad, an area of ​​about. the ussr lost almost as many soldiers as all european countries in battles on the territory of north africa.

by and large, the actions of the italo-german troops did not distract themselves from very large enemy forces, that is, to say that they prevented the opening of a second front, no, generally no. they did not achieve success in general. the capture of tabruk, yes, it was a success for romel, but for germany it was not a special success, for germany a success would have been cutting the soviet channel and reaching the middle east. that would have been a success, they did not achieve this success. the capitulation of the italo-german group, yes, it played a certain role in influencing the german people, but more were captured there, than at stalingrad, but the overall damage was less than, that is, well, yes, it was germany's defeat at... already at the hands of the allies, that is, it turned out that the allies could also beat germany. on july 9, 1943, anglo-american

troops landed in sicily. and a month later they completely captured the island. two weeks later, benito musalini was removed from his post as prime minister of italy and arrested. during these same days , the kurdish battle began on the soviet-german front, a battle that finally changed the course of world war ii. war in favor of the ussr and its allies in the anti-hitler coalition.

mom, why do we need these letters for a fairy tale, in the three

ninth kingdom.

join yours, this is russia 24 and we continue to talk about the main thing for today, the situation in the middle east is heating up. iran, against the backdrop of announcements of israeli airstrikes, closed the airspace over the western part of the country. officially, in connection with military exercises , it follows from aviation alerts. some media outlets report that iranian fighters are already in the air to repel a possible attacks. earlier, tehran, according to bloomberg, withdrew its tankers from the port terminal where they were waiting to unload, after reports that israel could be targeted.