officer thomas minkel and everson will be awarded the gold medal of valor, the highest department medal of honor. [applause]

>> again, it is my honor to present you the heroic acts of officer patrick prevent and michael jersey -- patrick giffin and tursi. there were called to an apartment the man who is threatening to kill those who stood in his way. he was a former tenant. he was gone before officers arrived that day. later, friday, june 24, officers were called to the same apartment building after it was reported someone had fired an assault rifle. no suspect was present, but it

was determined an assault rifle had been fired into the sidewalk. the officer was signed -- they were assigned as members of the street crime unit. they developed information that led to the identification of the weapons owner who had an extensive criminal history. they continued their relentless investigation into this event and identified the criminal, determining an additional possible home address and weapons. on the early morning hours of wednesday, june 29, officer griffin received a phone call that provided of potential location for the now-wanted subject. officer griffin contacted a supervisor and partner. after working a leak investigation the night before, these dedicated officers return to work after just a few hours' rest in an effort to locate and arrests a dangerous criminal. and they met at the station in order to set up surveillance on the suspect in question.

they responded to the location at 7:00. officer griffin, the driver, droves through the rear garage area of the identified property. as the approach the garage as the rear, and get a slowly opened. the men saw a car pulling up to the exit, and immediately recognize the driver as the subject they were seeking. knowing his propensity for violence and the fact that he had numerous weapons, griffin and tursi made a quick decision to park the police carxgñ?ñ? to prevent the exit. they knew they put them selves at risk. officer tursi exited the car and drove his handgun. he then moved to an area of limited coverage north of the gate. simultaneously, officer griffin exited the car and tactfully

moved to the tree line south of the gate. while moving to cover, officer tursi saw the suspect moving to his we stand. he then quickly pointed a handgun toward officer griffin. officer tursi yelled gun. the return fire to stop the deadly threat. the suspect appeared to a bid struck as he stopped firing and continue to drive away from officers. the suspect drove across all lanes and struck parked cars. it took a position of cover, not knowing the suspect had been injured by returned fire. when additional units arrived, it was discovered the suspect had been seriously injured and was found unconscious. officers rendered aide, called for an ambulance, and retrieve the hand and the suspect had used. tonight officers patrick grant and michael tursi are being

recognized for their efforts. they are being awarded the gold medal of valor. [applause] >> captain paul chignell, along

with officers tastings ahastingd lopez. >> good evening to you all. my pleasure to introduce richard hastings and that lopez. -- matt lopez. saturday, july 16, 2011, officer richard hastings and asked matt lopez were on duty and in uniform. their primary assignment was to be on a fixed post detail on the imminence of a railway platform

on third street between oakdale avenue and plu avenue. this platform and the surrounding areas are notorious for high incidence of robberies, aggravated assaults, indiscriminate shootings, gang activity, illegal firearm possession, as well as a multitude of quality of life cripes. the bayview station has dedicated a high-level police resources to this area, particularly to a recent rash of robberies on and adjacent to the platform. well on the platform, officers tastings and lopez contacted the subject later identified as kenneth harding jr.. he was on the railway vehicle. the officers determined the suspect was riding without benefit obtained. the officers escorted the subject off of the vehicle without incident and requested he sit down on one of the benches nearby.

mr. harding complied with that request well officer lopez conducted a standard warrant record check. as he heard officers radio transmission, he suddenly leapt to his feet and started to run east across third street into the crowded plaza with officers and foot pursuit. suddenly, and from a distance of 10 feet from the pursuing officers, harding a ride of the northern part of the plaza and reached his right hand under his left arm and then fired several rounds from his handgun at both of the officers. the officers immediately engaged in a firefight with the suspect. he then it fell to the ground, suffering a gunshot wounds. officers approached the suspect to taken into custody and render medical aid. numerous responding officers arrived on the scene and observed the officers surrounded

by a mob, many of whom were screaming and provoking hostility towards officers. as they attempted to secure the time seen -- crime scene, the mom became increasingly provocative with the threats directed towards officers. ultimately officers from four police stations and the tactical unit arrived to clear the plaza of the mall. in the aftermath of the shooting, it was determine the suspect was of recidivist criminal who was wanted in seattle, washington, for the murder of young, pregnant woman just one week before. this inference is the police department delayed -- delineates the criteria that must be met for an officer of the san francisco police department to be awarded the medal of valor. that includes outstanding bravery beyond that expected in a line of duty, or failure to take such action would not justify censure.

with the rest of life actually existed and officer had time to evaluate the risk, and where the objective is of the sufficient importance to the risk, and lastly and most importantly, where the officer accomplish the objective. on july 16, 2011, officer richard hastings and matthew lopez the kill each and every requested criteria for the medal of valor. they exemplified bravery of the highest level. in doing their duty and deterred by the fact that their lives were in imminent peril. they engaged in a gunbattle with a career criminal who was engaged with the ones in respect for public life and wanted to escape to not be held accountable for a vicious murder. san francisco police officers know at any time and anywhere they need to put their lives on the line to do their duty to stop a criminal. july 16, 2011, officer richard

hastings and mathew lopez put their lives on the line and did their duty. for that, they're being awarded the most prestigious award, the gold medal of valor. [applause]

>> those were the last of the nominees and recipients. the chief amount to the closing. -- will now do the closing. many of the people on the stage and an audience were present. as amazing as the stories were, you had to see it to believe it. some of the actions these officers took. we recognize the tennis solomon a moment ago, but i want to recognize something. many of officers recognize are not first generation san francisco police officers. four of the six are not first generation san francisco police officers. can i get the other generation

of police officers that gave us these police officers to stand up and be recognized. [applause] >> talk about raising your kids right. another recognition i want to make is we are going to experience in the next 30 days of record exit of police officers, especially commissioned officers due to the sun setting of the retirement program. many of the people that are going out red nominations tonight. if i could, all officers that will be retiring and leaving us, they we think you for your service by getting you to stand. [applause]

that is going to close our program. know that all of these officers when they get back to work, they will go out again looking for trouble and probably find it. i trust they will demonstrate again what these officers do every day, and that is keep this city safe. the command staff and commission will be available for pictures. family and kids for sure. if you can get your metal back from this little guy. thank you very much. hopefully we will see you all again soon. keep the officers in your thoughts and prayers. keep them safe. [applause]

[music] hello. i'm ivette torres, and welcome to another edition of the road to recovery . today, we'll be talking about research to practice, how science is helping people with mental and substance use disorders. joining us in our panel today are dr. h. wesley clark, director, center for

substance abuse treatment, substance abuse and mental health services administration, u.s. department of health and human services, rockville, maryland; dr. thomas mclellan, director, center for substance abuse solutions, philadelphia, pennsylvania; dr. alexandre laudet, director, center for the study of addictions and recovery, national development and research institutes, incorporated, new york, new york; dr. candace peterson, associate scientist, evaluation shared service, university of wisconsin population health institute, madison, wisconsin. dr. clark, what does research to practice mean and what does it mean for a methodology or a practice to be evidence-based? research to practice is a concept that captures the evolvement in the research community with regard to

various aspects of, in this case, substance abuse or mental health care in an effort to increase the ability to positively affect the individual who's affected by it. so, evidence-based, then, is mobilizing administrative, clinical, and research information to enhance the quality of care and the effectiveness of care in order to produce the best outcomes associated with providing care, so when people present for care they're getting the best care possible. and, tom, in the field, how much of this is going on? what is the percentage of people that actually do evidence-based practice? well, it's a good question. as dr. clark said, nobody can argue that you need more evidence for the things that you do. every parent demands it for treatments for their children. every treatment provider can see that things are working and

they really wonder why do we need researchers telling me. and the reason for that is they don't see people who don't show up again. they don't see people who have left treatment and relapsed. that's the kind of stuff that research can inform practice about. but it's equally important for practice to inform research. dr. laudet, why is the dissemination of research findings to practitioners in the field of behavioral health an issue of concern? it's an issue of concern because, generally speaking, as researchers, we've had a tendency to do this in a one-way street, so that we come into a treatment-we either design an intervention or we come into a treatment organization as experts. we tell them what we're going to do or what they should be doing without really consulting with them in terms of what they need, just like what tom said. it really has to be a two-way street.

and so, i think what has happened so far, many times, is there's-it's really two different specialties, if you will, and what the researcher is doing is really not that relevant to what's going on in the field for a variety of reasons. a lot of the clinical trials, for example, have very exclusive criteria, so that the majority of people that a treatment agency would see are not included. that's the first thing. and also, a lot of these studies that produce the evidence-based are done in a sort of a cocoon environment that doesn't mirror, and then the research findings are reported in scientific studies that nobody reads or very few people read: a) because people don't have the time, b) because we almost purposely use language that nobody understands. so, unfortunately, i think these are key limitations to the real translation of research to practice in the field, and

not just in behavioral health. dr. peterson, is that true for prevention as well? yes, i would say it is true for prevention as well. there are people who work in real-world settings who are interested in helping prevent problems from occurring-in this case, substance abuse or mental health issues-and they have a lot of constraints on their time. they have a lot of constraints on other resources-could be money, could be technology. and, in terms of bringing research to practice, things that are done in a laboratory or academic setting, if you will, sometimes are not readily translatable into real-world settings with those constraints happening and with a variety of audiences that are in a community setting. so, yeah, i think the same is true in the prevention field

as well as in the treatment arena. and, tom, in terms of what we are studying, give us a brief overlook of what we are currently studying. i know nida has done a lot of research on the brain and so on and so forth, but what other areas of interest should a patient, for example, be cognizant about? i think the best way to think about it is the different stages of let us call it the course of addiction from prevention, as candice was talking about, through early intervention, through treatment, through continuing care and, ultimately, recovery. there's an active program of research from the basic through the clinical through the translational in each of those stages. in prevention, community-oriented studies have been undergoing large-scale national trials.

family-based studies have also been done. lots of work has gone on in the brief intervention area in medical settings, but, now, increasingly also in schools and private office settings. treatment has had the luxury of having the most research funding for the longest time, so medications, interventions of all types have been going on and there's been a real burgeoning literature in that field. we're starting to catch up in the continuing care and the recovery areas, but there needs to be more in that area. and, dr. clark, samhsa originally was founded or authorized to really take the science and develop methodologies or evaluate methodologies. how has that been undertaken in recent years? well, what samhsa attempts to do is work in partnership with our colleagues at the national

institutes-national institute of mental health, the national institute of drug abuse, the national institute of alcoholism and alcohol abuse, and other nih institutes-and that science that they developed, as was pointed out by dr. laudet, was very rigorous, but translating, as dr. peterson pointed out, into practice is complex. so, using our addiction technology transfer centers, we need to educate people about the science. we have to influence the behavior when we use our funding to, shall we say, prime the pump, allow community-based organizations, state authorities, county authorities, tribal authorities to explore the implications of the science that's been developed by researchers for community practice because that's what's pointed out. they work brilliantly in the laboratory or an exquisitely controlled study, but doesn't work when generalized to the general community. so, what we want to use our portfolio for is to help

facilitate that information sharing, so that we can determine the utility of the science, and so we can provide feedback to the scientific community about whether the refined techniques that they have explored actually can translate when general practitioners, as it were- counselors, psychologists, social workers, psychiatrists and others-are actually doing things with the protocols that have been developed. and, dr. peterson, what does the family of a person who needs treatment or someone who is looking to get into treatment willingly need to know? well, there's a lot of different ways to approach treatment, and it's important for an individual or a family who's looking for treatment to know that there are different ways to approach it and that there are evidence-based ways

to approach treatment. so, they want to look for things that not only are accessible and affordable to them but also something that's going to fit with their needs. if the person is, for example, very motivated, then there are places that they could go where-would fit that stage of readiness. if the person is not really that aware or doesn't agree that they have a problem, then you might want to-you're going to start at a different stage with that person, so you want to look for something that fits with that person's set of circumstances. were you able to have that flexibility in your own recovery, dr. peterson? well, my own recovery was quite a long time ago, i think about 26 or 27 years ago now. and, i had the good fortune of being able to go and get

help from people who really knew what they were doing in terms of working with where i was at to move me along in my own intrinsic motivation to want to get better. so, i was fortunate that that was true at the time. also, when i got treatment, there weren't the limits, in terms of the number of visits that were paid for or the length of time that i could stay, and that was of great benefit to me. which are a whole other issue in terms of the provision of services. well, when we come back, i want to touch upon the various types of treatment that are available and the research behind it. we'll be right back. [music]

samhsa's approach to moving research to practice in the last 20 years has really evolved. i think we understand now that there are, in fact, specific evidence-based practices that work better than other kinds of practices. and so, we are trying to push those. on the other hand, we also understand that there are things that we don't know. so we're also trying to look at the ways that services can teach us something about research and about the need for evidence. frankly, the best thing we can do is encourage evidence-based thinking so that clinicians use some combination of the research documents-the information that's available out there, as well as their own clinical experience-and frankly, taking into account what the consumer, what the person in recovery and their family is needing at that particular moment. one of the most important things about trying to get information to the field is also getting information back from the field, so collecting data from practitioners, from consumers,

anand peers and digesting that data and returning it to the field allows us to make sure the practitioners have a good understanding of their impact and also allows the funders to understand that we are making a positive difference. [music] important for me to talk about my recovery from substance abuse. if people see me talking about how i recovered, they see other people talking about their recovery, i think it really helps to remove the stigma that's associated with addiction and with mental illness. people can see that it doesn't have to be only this type of

person or that type of person or of this age or gender or race or class or what have you. it can be anybody, and anybody can also recover, given the right support. dr. laudet, let's talk a little bit about integrated treatment for persons with co-occurring and substance use disorders. well, the majority-by which i mean half or more of individuals who have a substance use problem, have a diagnosable mental health disorder and vice versa. and, historically, in the field, up until some 20 or so years ago, individuals who were duly diagnosed who were seeking help for one disorder but had the co-occurring disorder were essentially falling through the cracks because both of the different professions, if you will, which have very different trainings and therapeutic