that will push the trees over a little bit. this had a special history. we had a lot of damage here. i guess the water from leaking laguna runs underground out to golden gate park. it covers about two or three blocks along side to seventh avenue. there was a lot of water damage we might have even had some liquefaction soil failure. we had a major failure. >> that's right. this tribute goes all the way to golden gate. this is in a mountain lake and beyond ththat, it was a

surface flow. this is a reservoir. on my right is this defensive the positive dune sand. the wind blows, it comes from the ocean beach. because the sand is moving, you can see evidence along this side of the hill in 1989. the vibrations in accelerated. you have a significant amount of movement to the point that the homes that uc had very severe damage for two blocks. we recognized what the problem was at the time, it was a matter of loose sand on a very steep slope. thank you for the effort. we were able to get federal funding and design which you see in the upper walls. the lower walls was actually billed as part of the wpa.

the upper wall was built in 1991-'92. this is a concrete wall and it has rocked going through the wall that extends the distance of 80 feet beyond the wall. the next earthquake occurs, the wall is designed to resist and the movement of the sand and allowed it to move down hill. this is a classic example of the creek and degree flow and exists all the way the area. we might see the other evidence. we have done nothing to improve the quality and the strength of the dam. >> one of the things that has come up in the policy issue over and over is that people are concerned that construction of a new building or the upper story might exacerbate these kinds of soil problems.

we have extra review where we might have extra problems. it does that construction have an impact? it is a good idea to come to a peer review or a geotechnical review process as part of determining. >> in january of this year, the california building code requires almost all of san francisco that we get geologist and a geotechnical engineer. it was a state building code rather than just the local requirements. >> as you recall, this was called the edge hill ordinance.

>> is this the same kind of condition? >> this is more of the rock, all on one side and on the other side -- >> this is a combination. >> a lot of sand hills were scrapes down and deposited to other places without being engineered or consolidated and people build on top of that. we have a whole change as the city surfaced. what is the deal with sand, is this a good place to build on? >> if you want to understand the properties and if you designed to mitigate any adverse effects

of the settlement, this is the strongest. i live in the sunset, i have been doing this right on the other side of this hill. i see the same conditions exist here where we have the earthquakes and the sand shakes and it gets more dense. we see differential settlement of are on. >> they might have filled in a low land or a wet land and build on top of it. this is a fully grated sand. seeing difficult to distinguish what was natural. you could be growing like we do and as difficult to distinguish the context between this and the natural sand. we have to go by its consistency. >> in san francisco, we have a

tremendous resource. we have a collection of soyoil supported that goes back many decades and they cover the whole realm of the city. we have them at the apartment building inspections. someone understands what they are. you can look at them and read them and find one in your neighborhood. is that right? >> that is true. many geologists have spent many years mapping the geologic conditions. there are excellent maps of the city. in fact, there are a hazard maps. in 1974, there was a landslide map. >> that's right. that is available at that apartment building inspection. these are excellent maps.

>> there is a real legacy of geologists working and now cannot always published. san francisco has a great repository of some of these archives. there is a child just -- a geologist to publish letters that is a great source of information. we are on the coast, they have the definitive work for all of the [inaudible] >> and did they pick up the old [inaudible] and wetlands? >> there was a map of those that weren' off the field.

you can see where these are with respect to those that have been filled in with a debris from the 06 earthquake. >> that is one of the things i've learned, the very local zones, exactly where you are building at. side-by-side, san francisco is so varied in its tomography and geology, you cannot tell by looking at the site specifically. >> this will be at the end of the drive. you can show which time we will be looking at out there. >> these are called rotational.

>> there can be a lot of movement all at once. they can slowly creep for long amounts of time. >> here we are at the top of an escarpment that pretty much the end of the world. it is windy and cold. just south of here is some also rock where the san andreas fault goes into the pacific ocean. this is closest to the san andreas fault. many people believe that the closer you are to default, the greater the ground motion might be. that is a portion that is a south westerly portion of san

francisco that has some special earthquake hazards. we are here to talk about the geology of this area. why don't you tell us about what is going on? >> there is a giant step here at the edge of the escarpment, the edge of the landslide. all the land to the west of us is part of a landslide that is upwards of 200 feet deep. it goes underneath the ocean. it causes damage and it was mapped by the earliest geologists'. there are many kinds of rocks here. there is a big sequence of merced formation. this is a base in deposit that was formed by the interaction at the end of the continental margin.

>> this is just on top. this is the same material that we were looking at at the last site. you can see it is on our way to the last side. it is deposited here by wind. it is 40-50 feet thick. this acts as a big sponge. the water flows through and it gets in a lower formation and then the water level starts to rise and it becomes a reservoir for water. this is dissipated during the more dry months of the year. >> this forms a big long skinny

basin and runs into san francisco. it is the coastal bluffs areas that are subject to erosion from the waves and the ground water that comes out and you start to lose this. this is the largest example of failure for a long part of the coast. it has been moving continuously for a long time. >> the ocean was at the same level as we are standing. in 1982, and massive slide occurred further to the north of and one day it moves 5 feet and by the second day it moves 30 feet out. all of that land down below was sitting out here. it was a great deal logic feature of the landslide further to the south.

there were houses on top and there was a very steep slope. you can see some debris slides where the sand is slowing. then you drop into a gully or a drainage swell. the top of the landslides' is just a drop in the middle where another clock has pulled away from the edge. the higher hill on the outside edge of the rich and the depression is the drop. surface erosion is an acute issue. >> you can see the evidence of the houses directly adjacent. we have similar conditions to that. if you go around the corner around the seacliff, where in fact there has been significant movement and in fact many of the homeowners along that portion of the seacliff have had to come

back in and do extensive foundation repair and massive walls to protect the home while the slope [inaudible] >> here we have the shallow slides, a debris slides. during earthquakes, they are both activated and the movement on the deep sea slides accelerates as well as the official material that erodes. >> if there's one point that is brought home from this discussion of landslides is san francisco is a part of the community that experiences many types of landslides, rockfalls,

deportations. we need to be aware of the geologic and topographic setting we are in. when we are planning to build our home or buy a home or at additions to the home. if i have one suggestion, that is to seek information from the apartment building inspection. if you're not satisfied, there is ample information there. a geologist needs an opinion of the stability of the environment you're in. >> the building department will typically require that kind of information. people will do a major edition. what we are wondering is why we require that information. >> great, thank you very much. it is terrific. it is fun to see a lot of the city.

thank you. [train whistle blowing] global warming. [whistle blows] some say irreversible consequences are 30 years away. 30 years? that won't affect me.

[brakes screech] [horns honking] [siren wails]

announcer: big dreams and goodrades aren't enough to get into college. there are actual steps you need to take. finding someone who can help is the first and most important. for the next steps, go to knowhow2go.org.

while i get myself settled, maybe a show of hands. how many already been to see the exhibition? a number of you. first of all let me say good afternoon and first and foremost i would like to thank my colleagues in the education department in the fine arts museum of san francisco for an allowing me to speak today. valuable artwork -- rene, director of public programs and last on this list but certainly not least gregory stock who is a programming wizard. i'm so grateful for their individual and collective support. i would also like to thank the

production manager who is behind-the-scenes somewhere. he's waving. our production manager consistently provide patient and reliable technical support which is beyond value when lecturing to large audiences like those of you gathered today. without further a do, i'm honored to share with you today paintings that comprise the exhibition here at the museum. girl with a pearl earring, from january 26-june 2nd the museum will be the first venue in the american tour of paintings from the royal picture gallery which is located in haik. how many have individual painting in the normal home? a good number of

you. this unique museum is often called the jouleewelry box. it has the world's most prestigious paintings from the morris house which toured in 1982, it visited chicago, new york and los angeles. this has been several years in the making . there were approximately 48 paintings in

tokyo and both of those about dutch an paintings. 30 paintings in this exhibition were in japan and 5 paintings that came to us specifically in san francisco. two of them fresh out of the conservation lab so they are being revealed in their full glory to our visitors in san francisco. an expansion in the mars house which is currently under way makes this opportunity possible. the girl with the pearl earring here in san francisco feet atures 35 paintings characteristic during the dutch golden age. after the exhibition closes in san francisco it will travel to the

museum in atlanta and it will go to a collection in new york. perhaps the most famous of the works that has traveled to the united states is a celebrated masterpiece girl with the pearl earring. it is this painting. we set our scene in holland during the dutch golden age this span of the 17th century where trade, industry and science were among the world. the one small port of amsterdam were one of the commercial centers in the entire world. this concentration of capital enriched bankers and merchants

but also created the society in europe. the arch of the dutch golden age. 17th century travelers visiting holland remarked on the number of artist. typically western european artist on the monarch and the nobility as well as the very wealthie catholic church. an open market to a wide clientele that arranged from variety of merchants. it displays a modern domestic rather than extravagant or royal setting which it was

carried. emily who is the director of the morris house. the expansion which i will talk about in an a little bit will give it more space. for the collection there is a limited pictures they can acquire but too large for the building. so where do the paintings come from? how can they be there. this is an exceptional and remarkable museum. this splendid 17th century city palace was constructed between

1633-1634 next to the dutch government. i was told the prime ministers office was still there. it was named for the building's first occupant. the countel elevated to prince and appoint commander and chief in the states army in 1668. the dutch they purchased an outstanding example of this architecture in 1820 to have the royal cabinet of painting and curiosity. this collection rich history is the stockholders in 1822. it's official name,

royal picture gallery morris house. today the morris house collection focuses on the best 17th century paintings from the northern and southern netherlands, the works of world renounced artist, all of which are in this exhibition. it also exhibits work of superb examples of this age. the collection makes the morris house a rare and precious place. truly the gem of dutch mucous. it's similar to our allegiance of honor in san francisco, they too like we have 850 paintings in their permanent collection and

display about 250 at any time which is a recollect legs of any of our buildings which i like to think of the jew el in the city of san francisco. the historic 17th century palace has limited his ability to expand. so works from his permanent collection have moved to a common and incompetent competent missionary program. the vacant build across the street from the morris home is