welcome to nbc 10. today we discuss a new diet trend in the u.s. it's popular with the former president and celebrities like beyonce who say it's helping them lose weight and get healthy. plus we discuss the traits of a great leader with robert gates. before that, a brand new program some find shocking because it's necessary these days. it's called fighting chance. temple university hospital doctors and nurses will train local residents to give gunshot victims first aid. joining me now to explain the fighting chance are scott charles, the trauma outreach coordinator and dr. tim brian.

dr. brian is a u.s. special operations veteran who served as a combat medic. thank you so much for joining us. >> thank you for having us. >> thank you so much. >> first and foremost, i think people hear this and go are there that many gunshot victims where this is a necessity? >> unfortunately, i'd say the answer is yes. i think scott can probably talk more about specific numbers but it's shocking the numbers. >> what are the numbers? >> city wide, this is a city that sees last year, i think 1200 shootings. that's up by about 18% over the year before. when you ask the question is this necessary? i think it is. even when you have a situation as we had in boston with the boston marathon bombing, what you saw in that situation were lay people who were coming out and rendering care. and that's one time one incident. this is a city where we consistently depend on folks

getting shot night after night and certainly on the weekends. >> can you draw a parallel to cpr training? should it be as common as that? >> i think in the long term, that would be the goal. the white house recently released an initiative called stop the bleed which basically states that it should be as ubiquitous as cpr training. if you look back through time with cpr, we haven't even reached the goals we'd like you with the community having access to aeds and cpr training. that's the goal if we continue to see the rates of violent injuries in the community. >> do we expect bystanders in a community like philadelphia to run toward a gunshot they hear? is that a reality we hope for, and is it dangerous? >> one of the first and foremost aspects of the training is safety first, always. whether you're dealing with military personnel or civilians, it's always safety first.

we're not asking anyone to initiate bystander aid. when you go to mass incidences, people do it. if you're going to do it and initiate that and make that choice yourself, you should know exactly how best to do it as safely as possible. that's our goal. >> that's one of the things to keep in mind. it's not as though folks aren't doing this already on some level. working in the trauma department at temple, you see that there are cousins and brothers and family members who get involved. and they're throwing their loved ones in the backs of police cars, and they're covered. we're not as tim pointed out, encouraging anybody to do that. oftentimes you hear folks in the community say i just wish i had known what to do. >> how do you target who gets the training then? >> well, i think the easiest way to target is it remember, this is a community initiative. they came to scott and temple university hospital and said we'd like this training. they're taking the initiative. this is not a top down. this is a grass roots bottom up movement. when you say hey, we'll come out

and do this and the people arrive, these are people making a decision themselves. and then to take the question one step further, you have to look at how traumatic is it to be standing there when a loved one is shot and not know what to do? i think when you ask the people that were at boston or in a school shooting or the equivalent thereof every day here in north philadelphia what's most traumatic is i was standing there and didn't know what to do. i think that's where this comes from, the fact that so many people have been touched in our community with this type of violence. the stories are unbelievable. and they just didn't know what to do. that's what they want is to be empowered with the knowledge that if next time their loved one gets shot, they feel like at least i knew what to do. >> and this could be the difference between life and death. what are we talking about here? >> very simple and basic steps save lives. we've looked at the literature and evidence based steps and

looked at what are the top things we need to do. first is safety. and then stopping bleeding that can be stopped in the field is critical. probably the most important thing is give a basic understanding of how the system works and that the most important thing you can do other than your own safety is to understand that and get the patient appropriately as fast as possible to a trauma team. that doesn't take a lot of knowledge or a lot of training to just understand that, because once you understand that basic principle if i'm safe and in i want to help i'm going to stop bleeding and do everything i can to make sure this is seamless to the trauma bay, you're going to save lives. there's a subset we've shown that are going to do better and survive. >> what about the risk to the person rendering aid, talking about aids, hepatitis, and even injury to themselves. >> that's a critical aspect to our training. safety is first and foremost. that's always a risk, but i think as scott said, often times we see this is occurring in a

neighborhood without training. if we can provide a little bit of instruction, it may make the responder a little bit safer and perhaps supplies that may make them safer like body substance isolation so people who make the decision i'm going to do something for my loved one, they know how to do it as safe as possible and perhaps have body substance isolation for them out there. i don't know. >> ultimately the goal is to get the support and funding. this is something that's coming on the federal level. if we have those kinds of materials to put them in strategic places throughout the community, the places where we know folks are being shot so when something like this occurs, there's kits readily available with gloves and those types of precautions that protect them in these kinds of instances. the thing to keep in mind is we're not talking about individuals having to render care for long periods of time. and one of the things this city does really well is transport folks to trauma centers quickly. and this is a city unlike most

major cities that allows its law enforcement officers to be scoop and run. between the paramedics who do an amazing job of transporting folks to the hospital or the officers that transport them immediately, we're only talking about a matter of minutes before those folks arrive on scene. >> how helpful it to to team up with the 25th district? >> one of the first things we wanted to do is make sure we're not stepping on anyone's toes and make sure everybody is on board with this. but i think that one of the things that is kind of an intangible, an unforeseen benefit, you have the police department supporting this certainly, captain michael cram who is a really dynamic individual, but he's got a great relationship with that community already. but to see them coming together, to -- he's there when we're doing the training. the last training we did, we did it at a fire house there in north philadelphia, and to see

law enforcement and the fire department there and see the community stake holders coming out, it's been amazing. having their support has been a tremendous benefit. >> and can enough people get train trained, do you think? you're empowering people with information. there are people coming out to meetings to get training. can it happen fast enough where enough people can make a difference? >> that's the goal. we're right now training emergency room nurses, and what's been amazing act that is the fact that we're trying to have as many training sessions as -- that will meet the demand of the nurses. it wasn't really pulling teeth to get the nurses out. now they're arguing over who gets to go to the next one. it's been amazing. between the training of our nurses and the demand in the community, i think we'll be able to saturate the community with trained up folks so when something like this happens the likelihood that we're going to

have somebody in that situation or on that scene that's been trained is going to be good. >> and it only takes one person to save one life, and then it will be all worth it. scott charles, thank you for your time. dr. tim brian, thank you for your expertise. next, we'll discuss what makes a great leader with a man who ought to know. former secretary of defense robert gates tells us what he finds are the top traits of a great leader in politics and in the workplace. find out if you have what it takes. that's next. sic) (group) surprise! oh my goodness! happy birthday! oh, you. (laughing) this was a wonderful surprise. you know, at our age, not all surprises can be this good. you're not kidding.

(female #1) remember peggy's surprise last month when frank died? so sudden; all the funeral expenses. they were not prepared. well, i'm not going to burden my family with my final expenses. -huh? -i called about the colonial penn program this morning. i'm alex trebek. if you're age 50 to 85, call about the colonial penn program now. your acceptance is guaranteed. coverage options for this plan start at $9.95 a month for women and men age 50 to 85. that's about 35 cents a day. and your acceptance is guaranteed. you can't be turned down for any medical reason. no health questions, no medical exam. once you're covered, your rate will never increase. it's locked in for life, guaranteed. (female #1) so, what are you waiting for? you're right, i'm not getting any younger. i'm calling about the colonial penn program today. after this last piece of cake. (laughing) call now for your free information

and free gift. (soft music) ♪ (colonial penn jingle) >> robert gates served as secretary of defense under two u.s. presidents. in fact, during his decades of public service, gates worked under eight different presidents of both parties. he also directed the cia. with those credentials who better to write a book on leadership? that's what he's done. it's called a passion for leadership, lessons for change.

nbc 10 sat down with secretary gates to discuss the book. >> reporter: former sefs secretary, robert gates, thank you for being here. we're talking about a new book released on the topic of leadership. so important it feels at this time in our country. i want to get your opinion from your vantage point and history about the type of leadership that the country needs at this moment, 2016. >> one of the reasons that i wrote the book, the passion for leadership, lessons on change and reform from 50 years of public service, is i think some of the presidential candidates have tapped into a deep well of frustration, and anger on the part of the american people toward a lot of elected politicians and not getting anything done, paralysis, polarization and so on. i think people in this country

are also local, state and federal level, frustrated by organizations that don't meet their needs, that are difficult to deal with, and both in the public and private sector, but especially in the public sector. and having led change and reform at three major institutions, cia, texas a and m university and the defense department, awanti wanted to put down what worked for me in terms of getting the professionals and career people on board where you form a team and make enduring change and reform in big bureaucracies and frankly, even at the local level. >> and secretary, you mentioned the frustration that you're sensing among the populous, among the electorate. is that frustration the result of a lack of leadership? >> i think the reason that these organizations don't do what they're supposed to do and aren't user friendly is a lack

of leadership. they can be fixed. and leaders who have the right techniques and have the right approach to it, i think, can make that happen, and it doesn't matter whether you are a leader of three people or 3 million. i think you can -- somebody who has the right talents and right attitude can make change. >> i know you talk about this in your book, secretary. for our viewers, what are the key criteria that you've seen across the decades as being the signifiers of a successful leader? >> i think it starts with the personality of the leader. a leader has to have his or her ego under control. they have to be willing to give credit to other people, has to be willing to hire strong subordinates, empower them, and then hold them accountable. and either reward them or get rid of them if they don't do the job. they need to be transparent. they need to have integrity,

because to get people to do what you want them to do, even if they don't want to, they have to trust you. >> secretary, you're someone who spent time at the highest levels of american government. looking back, obviously the presidential race is the buzz right now, meaning we're closing the term of frapresident obama. looking back, how does president obama fair as a leader? >> i think the president is strong in the respect that he is decisive, and frankly, it came to me as a surprise as somebody that never ran anything. he liked and embraced making decisionings. i think the problem is there has been a difficulty in terms of creating a strategy and then implementing the strategy. the cairo speech in 2009 was well received in the middle east, but people who were suonc enthusiastic became bitter

because there were no strategies, no policies to back it up. so people felt very disappointed. >> with a new administration will be, obviously, a new defense secretary. i wonder from your perspective what you see as the most important characteristics that you would want the person who is sitting in that seat to have. >> well, i think, first of all, they have to care about the troops and making sure that they have what they need to be able to carry out their mission. i think that he has to be independent and honest and give the president his best advice even if the president may not want it. he ought to listen to the military but remember that he's in charge. we have civilian control of the military. so i think having a colleague relationship with the senior military leaders so they'll be candid with him or her, and then making independent decisions, and then you have to have a good

working relationship with the congress. >> looking back, people wonder about what it was like to be in there, and i wonder as you reflect from where you are now, what was the most difficult decision you made during your time in that post? >> i think the -- well, broadly speaking the toughest decisions i actually had to make every friday, and that was which units i was going to select to be deployed to iraq and afghanistan. i think the single most difficult decision was when i had to make in january of 2007. i'd only been on the job a month. our troops would have to serve 15 months in iraq and afghanistan instead of a year. we just didn't have enough troops to do the surge and keep the deployments at a year, and it was either cut short their time at home or give them more time in the theater, and that was really hard on the troops and their families. >> and that was what i was going to ask. what was the family reaction to

you as the one making the call at that time? >> well, i think there was a realization that it was necessary, but there was -- i actually never had a spouse or a soldier complain directly to me about it. but i knew, nonetheless, that it was very hard on them. >> what are you predicting for the rest of this presidential election cycle? you are someone who as we've been saying, was there at the top of american politics, working with presidents. what are you expecting to see as this unfolds up to election day? >> well, president obama was the eighth president i've worked for. i worked for both democrats and republicans, and i guess i'd answer your question by expressing a hope, and that is that the discussion on the foreign policy and national security challenges that we face be a little bit more sophisticated and a little more realistic. a passion for leadership is available at most major

bookstores and amazon.com. it turns out being a vegetarian is yesterday. found out about the new trend in meatless eating that president bill clinton swears by and paul mccartney, ellen degeneres and beyonce.

look around pennsylvania and it's not hard to spot winners. and with over 2 million winners of match 6, cash 5, and treasure hunt every single month, that's hardly a surprise. winners, winners everywhere! play today!

millions of people around the world switched to a plant based diet. a former firefight is a leader in the trend having written "engine to diet". it encourages a life without meat, dairy, and processed food. >> it seems like being a vegetarian was something that was so common a decade ago. now it seems this idea of a plant-pac plan plant-based diet has become more popular. what's the difference for those of us who don't know?

>> we like a whole food plant based diet. you're focussed on -- a vegan diet. that's a lot of processed refined foods. it's soda and french fries and vegan ding dongs and oreos. >> people shouldn't think vegan is a biword for healthy. >> right. same thing for gluten free. and then vegetarians, they're typically consuming insane amounts of milk, cheese, ice cream, saur cream, all these things that basically have the same nutritional profile as meat. >> does it connect with what we hear in restaurants about locally sourced? >> i would say away from locally sourced. i mean, what we're focusing in on is we're trying to do a deep dive into nutrition. in order to do that, you want to do sweet potatoes and brown rice and kale and broccoli and mustard greens.

this is where true nutrition lives. in the bodies of these amazing plant strong foods. >> and your perspective is get these foods that are as close to how they came out of the earth as you possibly can get them? >> minimally processed, whole foods, exactly right. >> one of our own at fire station 2 in austin, texas was staring at a hareart attack. 28 days later his total cholesterol dropped. >> this stuff can make a big impact based on what you've seen? >> life saving in a short period of time. >> is this something people can stick to? people are so used to eating at least many of us, some form of meat or poultry products. is it snomething that modern americans can do over a long period of time? >> absolutely, 100 %. i've been doing it for almost 29

years. it's drop dead easy to do. what makes it hard are all the traditions and this culture. >> if we're thinking about real people in the real world, then, what are the most important foods that people should be avoiding? we know what you want them to eat. what do they stay away from? >> stay away from animal products, red meat, chicken, fish, eggs. stay away from dairy, milk, ice cream, butter, sour cream, all that stuff. >> what do you say to people who say it sounds stringent? >> you eat the other 99% of the foods on the planet that comes from plants. most americans have no variety in their diet. they rotate through six dinners, two lurcnches, one breakfast. >> it all goes back to the idea, keep it as close to what came out of the earth as you can. >> yes, that, and this is going to be a mega trend.

this is the direction we have to go f we want to reverse the course of this country is going on with our health care crisis and the environmental crisis. >> we'll be following it. thank you. >> plant strong offers 150 plant based recipes. it's available in bookstores and online. we'll be right back.

homecoming? it's awesome. but with the citizens bank education refinance loan, it gets even better. you know those people who pay a little extra and get all the legroom in coach? that could be you, if you refinance your student loans. i can refinance, even with 4 loans from undergrad? yes, you could replace your student loans with one new loan at a lower rate and save money on interest. sounds easy! it is easy! just ask us how much you can save at 1-866-999-0218 or visit lightenyourloan.com our customers have saved an average of $147 a month- more than $1,700 a year! so treat yourself to something from that in-flight magazine! but why stop there? you can save up for a new car, a wedding, or a down payment on the home of your dreams.

we got windchimes! what? you should tell them about the windchimes! find out how much you can save by refinancing your student loans. we call it utopia out here. it's so peaceful! so peaceful! have a question about how much you can save? ask a citizen at 1-866-999-0218 or visit lightenyourloan.com if you're trying to stave off weight gain, a recent study shows to add apples, pears, red berries and red peppers to your diets. they say they contain a certain thing linked to better weight maintenance. blueberries, blackberries, tea and pecans can also help keep the pounds from piling on. that's it for us. i'm keith jones. catch me week days when i anchor nbc news at 5:00 p.m.

enjoy your sunday. thank you for joining us. (male #1) it's a little something i've done every night since i was a kid, empty my pocket change into this old jar. it's never much, just what's left after i break a dollar. and i never thought i could get quality life insurance with my spare change. neither did i. until i saw a commercial for the colonial penn program. imagine people our age getting life insurance at such an affordable rate. it's true.

if you're 50 to 85, you can get guaranteed acceptance life insurance through the colonial penn program for less than 35 cents a day, just $9.95 a month. there's no medical exam and no health questions. you know, the average cost of a funeral is over $8,300. now that's a big burden to leave your loved ones. as long as you're 50 to 85, you cannot be turned down because of your health. your premium never goes up and your benefit never goes down due to age. plus, your coverage builds cash value over time. call now for free information and a free gift. all i did was make a phone call and all of my questions about the colonial penn program were answered. it couldn't have been any easier and we both got the coverage we should have had for years now. mm-hm, with change to spare. (laughing) (colonial penn jingle)

- hi, sean! - hi. - my name miranda, and these are my friends, ben and nyan, and we want to play outside, but it too windy out-- what should we do? - hmm... aha! i have an idea-- everyone, buckled up? - ready, sean. [dog barks] - all aboard the noodle and doodle bus. - we're traveling around in your neighborhood we're doing lots of things as we go making lots of arts and crafts and food that's good we're hoping we can say hello all aboard the noodle and doodle bus - hop on! - there's lots for us to do we can bake a cake there are games to make it wouldn't be the same without you [children cheering] yeah!