the newman's own foundation and the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. >> america takes the lead on climate change, but is barack obama's historic consensus the real deal? >> ultimately, we have a choice -- we can either shape our future or we can let events shake it for us. >> a trees i view from ghana, where the rich are turning cash into forests of the future. if one week after u.s. forces withdraw, at least 40 people are killed in a series of explosions in iraq. welcome to bbc world news, broadcast on pbs in america and also all around the globe.

coming up later, a tribute to a soldier who died in the line of duty. a special report on a trooper's last operation in afghanistan. all aboard the science express -- germany sets out to train a new generation of scientists. >> it is by no means a final deal on climate change, but then nobody really expected that. president obama describes the new agreement from the world's richest nations, the g-8, as a historic consensus. certainly, the world's major economies have taken a major stride. the industrial water -- the industrialized world and the growing economies led by china and india have agreed to restrict emissions. it's a signal of intent, but progress from here will not be

easy. we have this report from the summit in italy. >> even getting them all lined up for the extended family photo prove problematic. the one that were all waiting for, barack obama. debt -- judging by the good nature of the applause, he's everyones favorite leader, but even obama was not able to bridge the gap between the g-8 elite and other emerging economies when it came to climate change. >> i and the first one to acknowledge the progress on this issue will not be easy. i think one of the things we will have to do is fight the temptation toward cynicism. >> what real progress has the summit made on climate change? he was broad approval to eliminate the rise and a global temperatures to no more than 2 degrees celsius. but when it came to cutting the rich countries emissions by 80% by 2050 and get everyone else to

cut to 50%, there was no global consensus. the emerging giants of india, china, and brazil rejected the new targets as too far off and they complained it would unfairly squeeze their growing economies. even some g-8 members like canada and russia sounded uncertain. in a harsh rebuke, the u.s. secretary general to dismiss the deal as a wasted opportunity. the targets, he said were just not ambitious enough. >> the policies they have stated so far is not enough. is not sufficient enough to meet the targets. this is politically and more -- a politically and morally imperative a responsibility for the leaders. >> every year a breakthrough on climate change as promised, but when you look at the detail, it's not clear how inclusive or binding the deals are.

if the with an important climate change conference swimming and president obama in charge in the united states, it feels as though the new political will -- there is new political will to get something concrete agreed. if formal dinner hosted by the italian president and a host of new guests. african leaders, including libya, representing the african union, poised for tomorrow's session is devoted to aid and food security. it's another chance for president obama to show his emergence on the world stage can make a difference. >> a key issue in the debate on climate change is the fate of tropical rain forests. it is estimated deforestation produces one fifth of all greenhouse gas emissions. logging goes on. donna for example has lost most of its forests. -- ghana for example has lost

half of its forests. we have this exclusive report. >> a unique view from a tree that is about to be felled. in the heart of the forest, bloggers are showered with sawdust. this felling operation is legally, but many are beyond the law and ghana has now lost most of its forests. so another massive tree taken away toe used for timber. this process is going on not just in ghana, but tropical rain forests are on the world. deforestation contributes one fifth of all greenhouse gases. in this poor country, the question is how to stop it. >> ghana needs the trees.

ghana needs the money. the environment must be kept intact. >> here is one possible solution -- in what used to be forests, new trees are being planted. 1 million so far. they should make money by absorbing carbon dioxide. >> those seedlings will be growing very rapidly and contain vast amounts of carbon dioxide locked up into the wood of the tree. there is a huge market of individuals and companies who will pay for this project to be implemented by buying carbon credits. >> so how was this: to work? take my journey here. it has made me responsible for about one and half tons of carbon dioxide in it from the airplane. i can offset that by paying this project which is planting these trees. take this one. it will grow over the next 8-10 years and absorb my one and half

tons of carbon dioxide. it's a very small start, but it could be very big business. i the aim, if you can picture it, is for the biggest polluters thousands of miles away in the developed world to help pay for the forest tree is a controversy all idea. as the seedlings are prepared, environmental groups are critical. they say that rich countries should cut pollution themselves. >> it is fundamentally wrong for developed countries and their consumers to shift the responsibility of mitigating the effects of climate change to developing countries. >> by all the time, the logging goes on. it is more tightly controlled here than anywhere else in africa, but is hazardous work. and there is one major worry -- can the planting ever be faster than the felling?

>> one small australian town is taking a step to save the environment by banning bottled water. 350 residents of a small town in new south wales voted for the change. the alternative is specially designed, reusable waters that are refillable from water fountains in the town's main street. chinese state media is reporting more than 300 people injured and 10,000 homes collapsed by an earthquake. this happened in the southwest china. hundreds of police and relief materials are said to be on the way to the area. south korea is undergoing a third wave of suspected cyber attacks, paralyzing several major web sites. the targets seem to include one of the country's biggest banks, a leading national newspaper, and south korean spy agency.

some reports suggest north korean involvement. iranian police have broken up demonstrations in the capital and several major provincial cities. they were the biggest in 11 days, defying a government warnings that street protests would be crushed. eyewitnesses report police firing teargas as they chanted the name of the defeated presidential candidate, mir hossein mousavi. iraq has just seen its worst day of violence since american forces withdrew forces over a week ago. two attacks in the north claimed at least 34 lives and in baghdad, two bombs and a market killed nine. we have this report from the capital. >> a double suicide bombing in northern iraq. the two blasts came within moments of each other, the first attacker targeting an official in the local security services, killing him and members of his family.

then, as people rushed in to help, the second bomber blew himself up, killing many bystanders -- killing many bystanders and wounding more. one hour later and hundreds of kilometers to the south in a poor shiite area of baghdad, two bombs exploded in a crowded market. not suicide attacks, but the results for the same. more dead and more wounded. much of the violence in recent weeks has been in the north of the country, centered on the city of mosul. two recent car bombings claimed at least 14 lives. but the bombings and shootings have not been confined to mosul. there were violent incidents across the country, bringing the death toll to well over 40. at the end of last month, u.s. forces completed a gradual process of withdrawal from the streets of iraq amid much celebration.

the americans are aiming for a full military departure from iraq by the end of 2011. last week's ceremony marked the first steps along that road. but today's bombings will inevitably raise the question of was the pullback premature? what appears to be happening now is that insurgents, those who want to derail the hand over process from u.s. forces to iraqis, seemed to be testing the ground, seen how capable the iraqis are of maintaining security on their own. >> at least 25 people, including 13 primary school children have been killed in an explosion in central afghanistan. a truck overturned on a road and then blew up as authorities try to remove it. afghan police say the explosions may have been destined to be in an insurgent attacks. pieces of the vehicle were found more than a kilometer and a half

away. 24 hours ago, we brought you dramatic images of british fighters in afghanistan. the british death toll in afghanistan is now 176. the latest casualty was a 20- year-old trooper in the light dragoons. he had hoped to represent britain in the olympics. our correspondent was on patrol with his battle group servant -- shortly before he died. >> this is some of the most intense fighting ever experienced by british troops here. they have battled the taliban for years and still they keep coming. many soldiers have been wounded and if you have paid the ultimate price. this trooper on the right, we

met him and his mates on the front line. he was killed two days ago. he was the victim of a roadside bomb. they are the greatest danger facing u.k. troops here. every soldier fears what may lie in the ground beneath. now, there are questions of whether they're being well protected. british troops could undoubtedly benefit from the extra resources. this current campaign has stretched the military and reserves have had to be called again. but the truth is the u.k. on a town can never win the battle here. it will take injections of thousands of extra forces and have already arrived in the shape of u.s. marines. the question is whether the combined effort will make a difference. this has already been a grueling

few weeks. every step, every journey runs the risk of death from roadside bombs. a vehicle damaged in an explosion is removed from the front lines. the british army and its men are being tested to the limits. >> stay with us if you can. coming up, 150 years in jail, no problem says americans -- says america's biggest fraudster. first, the city of urumqi is still tense and divided after days of ethnic unrest. chinese security forces are patrolling the streets in huge numbers to prevent more violence between the muslim uighurs and the han chinese. a spokesperson says china has proved that some of those involved in the unrest had links to al qaeda and other militant

groups. >> we have come to possess a great deal of evidence proving these people received training from foreign terrorist groups, including al qaeda and are inextricably linked with vicious forces from abroad. in this respect, we continue to urge relevant nations to strengthen cooperation and maintain peace together and safeguard china's possibility and peace. >> that was china's the foreign ministry. we have one of the few foreign journalists in the city of urumqi and he sent us this update. >> here on the han chinese side of town, people have welcomed the troops. these men are marching through with a banner thanking security forces for bringing peace. they're bringing supplies of fresh water and the troops have lined up along the streets here. you can see them on all sides, even if we turn around, you can see them at the end of the street.

as they're walking past, the troops are thanking them and giving rounds of applause. just over there is the uighur neighborhood and it's an entirely different matter there. people say they don't feel safe and are worried about the security forces and the threat from vigilante groups of han chinese. >> china's foreign ministry says they have evidence that's four rio tinto employees under rest their did steal state secrets. one is an australian national. this is bbc world news. the latest headlines -- at the g eight meeting, president barack obama has -- at the g-8 meeting, barack obama has set a limit in a tender for a global warming. iraq has suffered its most dangerous day since american forces withdrew last week.

more than 40 have been killed in suicide attacks. bernard madoff will not be appealing against last week's 150-year sentence for the biggest individual fraud in u.s. history. our north american business correspondent has been speaking to the disgraced finance year's lawyer. he asked him to describe his client's current state of mind. >> i think he has accepted his fate. he is deeply sorry and regrets what he did. he said that on two occasions. once when he pleaded guilty and another at sentencing. he is ashamed. he understands the consequences of his acts. >> he is a universally vilified person. how does he handle that? >> i want to get into how he handles it emotionally or mentally. suffice it to say he has said on several occasions that he gives

his deepest apologies and regrets. he got into a situation he could not get out of. >> if he genuinely sorry or just sorry he got caught? >> you have to understand that he confessed. >> but he confessed because he knew it was going to come to light. >> some people to get on an airplane and skip off to a country that does not have extradition treaties with the u.s. he chose not to do that. he confessed to his sons, knowing they would do the right thing and go to the authorities. if you are correct, and i don't think you are incorrect, that this was unwinding, he had every reason and all the ability to get out of the country with money, and he chose not to do that. his apology and shame israel -- his apology and shame is real.

he confessed to his sons and the fbi. >> investigators are scaling down the search for flight recorders from the air france plane that crashed into the atlantic over one month ago, killing everyone on board. even the french navy submarines have not been able to detect signals from the black boxes. the cause of the crash may never be established. the former u.n. secretary general has given the international criminal court a sealed list of kenyan leaders suspected of orchestrating violence in that country in 2007. more than 1000 kenyans were killed in clashes between supporters of the two main presidential candidates. international conservation groups say rhinoceros' poaching in africa is at its highest level in 15 years. the rhino populations are seriously threatened. at least 160 rhinos were illegally killed in south africa and zimbabwe last year. the british press has a

reputation for being one of the toughest in the world, the most irresponsible, some would say. if but how far do you go to get a story? if that's the big question in london since allegations have surfaced that thousands of celebrities and politicians had their phone numbers and sell funds hacked into illegally by private detectives working for a sunday tabloid. we have this report. >> the allegations are striking. according to "the guardian" the "news of the world" tried to hack into the numbers and answering machines of thousands of celebrities and politicians. when news came to light, over 1 million pounds were paid to keep this for a quiet. in 2007, the royal editor was found guilty at the old bailey of hacking into voicemail for using this man. it's now clear that he is found evidence the paper's potential targets ran into hundreds. this evening, scotland yard said

the investigation had run its course and it would not reopen it. >> our inquiry says that in the vast majority of papers that there was insufficient evidence to show tapping had actually been achieved. >> by contrast, the director of public prosecutions said he would look back urgently at the case file to make sure all appropriate action had been taken. tonight, the reporter who wrote the story in the guardian -- in "the guardian" says the scale of the operation was huge. >> i spoke to he senior person at scotland yard early on and asked if it's true the phone hacking goes beyond targets mentioned in the trial. he said thousands. thousands of people having their phones tapped. >> we track down someone who did investigations for "the news of the world" for 20 years before falling out with them. he said the legal techniques

were commonplace. >> that's how you do your job. like a mechanic uses banners. people watch the phones and listen to the messages. >> what they did was caught people's mobile phones when they knew they were off or not be answered. they would then hacked into the voicemail using a pin code. how did they know what the code was? most people don't bother to change the number from the one set by the mobile phone provider. it seems that the culture of the newsroom at "the news of the world" was let's get a private investigator and listen to his phone and voice mail and see what we can get. fishing expeditions of no public interest. we know that "the news of the world" targeted the royals. but whether the deputy prime

minister was also a target is a mystery. the "guardian" insists that he was. scotland yard says there was no evidence his phone was tapped. "the news of the world" says its journalists have operated within the lawson to the editor was convicted. but it statement said nothing about whether before that it had indeed targeted the voicemail of thousands of people. >> fewer and fewer students are interested in studying science at university. it's a problem facing countries across europe. but the germans have come up with an unusual way to hook a new generation. they're using a train and calling it the "science expressed." >> attention please, attention please. the train standing on a platform eight is the science express. backstop, the future. >> so, here i am come on board the "science express." this is no ordinary too few

trained. it is a traveling exhibition, and the latest in german technology. -- this is no ordinary too few trained. it stopped in different towns and cities in germany and tries not to get a public interested in science but to get people thinking about the big questions of life, the universe, and the future. for example, here is something i never knew -- in the future, everyone will have one of these things, a mood recognition machine. i find the whole idea rather unnerving, really. but just by looking at you, this machine can tell what you are happy, there we go, happy, or surprised, or angry. there are 12 carriage is bursting with ideas. like this one, multistory farms. and what about than the solar panels? you could be able to sew them onto your jacket. this is the experiments carriage

where you can do all kinds of inventing. look at what i have done with a live ball, a solar panel, and a few wires. i have made a brash that walks around the table. that's really useful. -- i have made a brush that walks around the table. >> we wanted to bring science to the people. we have a deficit in people to study science at the universities. with this exhibition, we want to show especially young people how interesting science can be and may be interested in a career in science to get more people to study science and going to companies and research there. >> for years, germany has been a world leader in research and innovation com. it is hoping the call the science express" will keep at the cutting edge of science and technology.

>> the giant panda, the youngest of the giant pandas at the national zoo in washington dc turned four on thursday. a special cake was made for him. his birth was shown live on live four years ago. it is a special cake made of water, bamboo and beets. he took an apple unless the rest for later. >> bbc world news was presented by kcet in los angeles. funding was made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe vermont, and honolulu. the newman's own foundation and the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation.