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>> "bbc world news" is presented by kcet, los angeles. >> funding for this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu, the newman's own foundation, and the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation, and union bank. ♪ >> union bank has put its

financial strength to work for a wide range of companies. what can we do for you? "bbc world news." hillary clinton increases ties with india. she says that some behind the 9/11 attacks are hiding in pakistan. >> we are looking for additional information that would lead us to them. >> there's a courtroom confession of the mumbai attacks. the sole suspect changes his plea to guilty. enough about the moon, it is time to reach for mars. that is according to the astronauts that took part in the first lunar landing 40 years ago. as we recall that there feat, we also remember the man from russia. welcome to "bbc world news." >> coming up later --

>> you did not want to brag about it. you were not proud of it. his memoirs got him fans around the world and some fury in ireland. we will look at his legacy. the royal prerogative is centuries old. what is fascinating queen elizabeth? ♪ there is no doubt that afghanistan and pakistan are at the top of the foreign policy priorities of president obama. there is also no question that india has felt overlooked by white house strategy towards south asia. that is until now. secretary of state hillary clinton has concluded her five- day visit to india. they have signed deals on trade, defense, and nuclear

cooperation. there were disagreements on climate change. they believe they can work through the differences. our correspondent is traveling with mrs. clinton. she sends us this report from delhi. >> no matter how she tried to make it about ties, pakistan trapped into that picture. in the interviews, the suspect -- the subject was inescapable. the concern in india had been that washington was putting pressure on them to its moved ties with islamabad despite the tensions after the mumbai attacks. the secretary of state made this comment. >> with respect to the location of those who were part of the planning and execution of the attacks of 9/11 against our country, we firmly believe that

a significant number of them are in the border area of pakistan. we have conveyed that to the government of pakistan and others. we are actively looking for additional information that would lead us to them. >> her statements have entered pakistan. she also said that she sensed the will in islam a bad to fight extremism. they could be hiding here in the rugged mountains. the militants are also using pakistan as a support base to fight the american soldiers in afghanistan. there was other business to attend to as well. after meeting her indian counterpart, the secretary of state announced that the countries had reached an agreement that would open up key markets for american firms. >> i am also pleased that the prime minister told me that the

nuclear parks have been approved by the government. these will advance the aims of the u.s.-india civil nuclear agreements to facilitate billions of dollars in u.s. reactor exports and create jobs in both countries. it will also generate much- needed energy for the indian people. >> hillary clinton worked hard to dispel any doubts about the commitment of washington to strong ties with india. she probably managed to reassure the leaders to some extent. the obama administration will have to continue to devote much of its attention to afghanistan and pakistan. india will have to see if the commitments continue over the long term. >> you can find out more about that story on line at bbc.com /news

india is concerned about what pakistan is doing to control the extremism. at her final news conference today, she said that u.s. officials firmly believe a significant number of the al qaeda leaders who planned and executed the 9/11 attacks are hiding in the border region. in india, there was a surprising development to date on the mumbai bombings. the only remaining suspect, a pakistani national, changed his plea to guilty. >> it was the iconic image of mumbai. the sole surviving gunman was caught on camera as he fired, reloaded, and fired again. in the courthouse today, even shocked his own lawyer. he told the judge that he pleaded guilty to his crimes. he had earlier denied his guilt. >> i am surprised that mohammad qasab has decided to confess his guilt. i was shocked.

the police officers were very shocked. >> the carnage unleashed on mumbai for three days claimed over 160 lives. in his confession, mohammad qasab described in detail how he and the other gunmen arrived from pakistan and carried out the raid. they started firing at the public with their rifles. the other man was throwing grenades and he was firing. he faces 86 charges and the death penalty if convicted. >> the key and answer that remains unanswered is who recruited, trained him, and sent him to carry out the attacks. that is the biggest question. that is the key. mohammad qasab is cannon fodder. >> suspicion is falling on this militant group. they are known to have links to pakistan intelligence. experts doubt that pakistan

sanctioned the mumbai raid. >> we closely monitor the activity of these groups. they will have liaison officers. was isi directly involved in the planning of this particular operation? that is a much harder question to answer. >> his confession is being touted by pakistan. others say his testimony provides an intimate account of one of the worst ever atrocities in india. the pentagon is considering sweeping changes to the detainee policy across afghanistan. that is according to a high- level military review obtained by "in new york times." the concern is that the air base has become a recruitment center for the taliban. the air base houses those that the u.s. military considers unlawful combatants. we have this report from washington. >> this airbase is home to the

most infamous prison in afghanistan. even the pictures we can show are restricted by the u.s. military for security reasons. around 600 of the high-value alleged prisoners are locked up here. some have called it afghanistan's guantanamo bay. it is at the center of a major u.s. review of the entire afghan prison system. "the new york times" first quarter -- first reported on the review. more mainstream prisoners may need to be kept separate from those accused of extremism. then there is the issue of abuse. last month, the bbc spoke to 27 former detainees. they claim to have been mistreated. >> we were thrown on the ground and shot at for 16 days and 60 nights. i was forced to stand. they would not let me sleep.

the only stopped this when my feet were so swollen that i could not stand. >> the pentagon denies the specific allegations. but it does not want a repeat of what happened in iraq. the evidence of ill treatment handed out by u.s. soldiers there did huge damage to america's reputation that has been used as a recruiting tool for islamic extremists. there's also the issue of the status of the prisoners. human-rights activists have argued they are in a worse position than those at guantanamo bay. >> they maintain they have the right to take people from any part of the world and rendered them to afghanistan without any type of judicial review in any court of law. we are quite shocked that this administration has adopted the exact same position as the bush and administration. >> this review comes at a time when there is not much good news coming out of afghanistan for

the u.s.-led coalition forces. fierce fighting has meant that july is set to be the deadliest month for international troops since the conflict began eight years ago. for more u.s. soldiers were killed today by a roadside bomb. the pentagon announced it is temporarily increasing the size of the army by 22,000. that is partly because of the strength of the taliban. the review suggests that the afghan prison system is making the taliban stronger. bbc news in washington. the strain caused by military operations in afghanistan and iraq are behind the decision of the united states to announce a temporary surge in the size of its army. defense secretary robert gates said an extra 22,000 troops would be needed for the next three years. in iraq, to policemen have been killed in a car bombing in the west of the country. the attacks happened near a

government building. eight others were wounded. it is the second attack. in weeks. ♪ you are watching "bbc world news." >> i would appreciate it if you could [unintelligible] >> even the first explorers had a problem finding a map. it has been 40 years since they landed. the authorities in romania and detained israelis on suspicion of trafficking in human eggs. they were arrested along with locals at a facility clinic in bucharest. >> according to the authorities, there were about 30 women at this clinic preparing for in vitro fertilization when it was raided late sunday. most of the clients were couples from israel, italy, and britain.

the eggs were sold by the romanian women for a few hundred dollars. it has been 10 years since the clinic opened. more than 1000 procedures have taken place. >> this woman offered her eggs for sale. she says she did not know it was illegal. she needed the money because she is unemployed. in romania, it is only allowed in licensed clinics where the eggs have been freely donated. a criminal investigation is now under way. >> using methods unknown to me, they succeeded in bringing poor women from all over the country. the women offered their eggs after medical treatment that was dangerous. >> 25 people are under investigation, including two israeli doctors. ceremonies have been held in germany to mark the 65th anniversary of the failed

attempt by the group of officers to assassinate adolf hitler and drive the nazis from power. the german defense minister led a ceremony where the plot was hatched. the former prime minister winston churchill complained when he discovered his underground wartime headquarters were not bomb-proof. a letter showing his annoyance is on display at the cabinet were rooms in london. -- war rooms in london. you are watching "bbc world news." here are the headlines. >> hillary clinton increases ties with india. she says that some of those behind the 9/11 attacks are hiding in pakistan. her visit to india has done much to boost the relationship between washington and delhi.

differences remain over climate change. we raised the issue with the junior foreign minister asking what differences he sees between the bush and obama administrations. >> i would not see it quite that way. i do not believe there has been a fundamental change in our positions. i do not believe there has been a fundamental change in the approach to the same questions. we have good relations with united states of america regardless of the administration. to speak in terms of differences, there are clearly different perspectives on the essential problem. i think it is more of an issue of trying to find common approaches to solving the same set of problems. >> is there a concern that the obama administration is focusing on afghanistan and pakistan and some of your concerns are not being addressed?

>> the problem of terrorism emanating from pakistan remains a very serious concern of both india and the united states. essentially, we believe that terrorism needs to be tackled firmly. washington is on the same page with us on that. >> do you think the obama administration should have done more to prep pakistan on terrorism? >> we do believe that washington has been among the more important countries that have conveyed their own views to pakistan. those have been in concert with ours. we have said clearly to pakistan that we need to see the perpetrators of mumbai brought to justice. we would like to see the infrastructure that permitted this terrorism to emanate from pakistan to be dismantled. that is the only way that we can be reassured that our neighboring territory cannot be used for hostile actions against

us. >> there is the suggestion that the u.s. would like a change in your presence in afghanistan. has this come up? >> i think there's a great deal of admiration for what india is doing in afghanistan. we've been doing an enormous amount of development work. we have been assisting in the building of roads, hospitals. the indian corporation budget in afghanistan is growing. we have had public expressions of gratitude from the government of pakistan. >> the european union has suspended aid to honduras following the failure of talks to resolve the political crisis in the country. regional leaders have warned of potential bloodshed after the interim government in honduras rejected a proposal for the return of the ousted president zelaya. of war crimes court has convicted cousins for a 1992 killing spree with least 119

muslims burned to death. the ringleader was sentenced to death for war crimes, including burning women to and children alive. his cousin was sentenced to 30 years. they were members of a paramilitary group called the white eagles or the avengers. president obama honored the apollo 11 crew of the white house exactly 40 years after neil armstrong became the first man to set foot on the mend. president obama stopped short of promising new funding for nasa. that is in spite of the fact that his crew mates lobbied for more money to send a mission to mars. >> this was their moment. in the minds of the global public, it has never really been surpassed. >> that is one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.

>> the stillness of the lunar surface means that no footprints -- that the footprints left there will probably still be there today. nasa released a recording of their conversation in orbit. >> back there behind us, it looks like a gigantic creature. look at the mountains. >> neil armstrong and buzz aldrin called it an extraordinary moment as they descended to the surface. >> i would appreciate it if you can see if you can -- >> what? [unintelligible] >> here they were today. these elderly men are still full of the right stuff. they met with the president and made the case for manned space flights. president obama was decorous but non-commitment.

>> as we speak, another generation of kids are looking up at the sky. they could be the next astronauts. >> the president has only said that he is reviewing plans for a return to the moon by 2020. in a rare speech, neil armstrong lamented the end of america's ambitions. >> the space race faded away. it was the ultimate peaceful competition. >> the international space station today. the familiar images are almost routine. the drama of apollo is a memory. the future of space exploration is uncertain. bbc news in washington. 1 detail from history is often overlooked. neil armstrong may have been the first man to set foot on the

moon, but the first space walk was carried out by the russian cosmonaut. our moscow correspondent went along to meet him. >> while the rest of the world was glued to television watching neil armstrong take his first steps on the mend, in moscow, there was a news blackout. the men in the kremlin decided that the citizens of the soviet union would not get to see the american triumph. there were a few select comrades who did get to see it. one of them was the soviet union's chief cosmonaut and the man who had been training for three years to beat neil armstrong to the moon. >> i swear to god i had my fingers crossed for them. i really wanted them to succeed. it was such a huge event for mankind. it was not about america being the soviet union.

>> their names that people remember around the world. one is yours in the second is neil armstrong. -- maybe it should be your name that people remember. >> i know very well neil armstrong. he is a strong man. [unintelligible] i have respect for these people. >> people forget that until the moon landing, russia had been head of america in the space race. this footage from 1965 shows alexei taking the first ever walked in space. it is a moment he can still describe vividly after 44 years. >> on the left side, i saw bulgaria, greece, italy.

i saw the baltic sea, the ural mountains. it was like a very big blow. it was fantastic. -- it was like a very big globe. it was fantastic. he waited late in life to find his fame and fortune. at the age of 66, he completed his memoirs that detail a child of other deprivation and squalor in ireland. -- a childhood of thatcher deprivation and squalor in ireland. >> in my wildest dreams, i could not imagine this. we were the lowest of the low.

we were cold, hungry. >> traditionally, the irish immigrate to america in search of a better life. his family did not. they went from new york to the slums of limerick. "angeles ashes" were based on those memories of poverty and watching his brothers died. >> we walked on that november morning. he was called in the bed beside is. the doctor came and said that the child died of pneumonia and should have been in the hospital. >> he made his living as a schoolteacher in the united states. literary success came later in life. the book was also turned into a movie. [crying] >> but not everyone was pleased. some felt that he blackened the

name of his hometown. his mother even described his recollections as a pack of lies at one point. >> we did not want to go around talking about what we came from. we did not want to brag about growing up in a miserable slump. >> his legacy did helped to inspire a torrent of memoirs of miserable childhoods. few were as well written as his. it may have been grim, but he told with wit, warrants, and style. queen elizabeth had revised the ancient tradition of swan counting on the river. >> this is an unusual and ancient royal ceremony dating back to the 12 century. the swans are taken out and

checked for injuries. she is known for the ritual. she kept a safe distance. in the past, her ancestors were less interested in the help of the swans and more focused on their weight. the former kings and queens served them at banquets and peace. that is a tradition this elizabeth has not continued during her reign. the job is done. they are free to roam. they want to see if there has been an increase in injuries from fishing tackle and dogs. it is being conducted by these men. it is their task to catch and mark e. sometimes reluctant quarry. old outfit for the order of the day. -- pulled out this were the order of the day. her guide is her swan marker. he advises people and how to look after them. this quaint english ceremony is

still relevant, especially as it is used to educate children. you are watching "bbc world news." >> "bbc world news" was presented by kcet, los angeles. >> funding for this presentation was made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu, the newman's own foundation, and the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation, and union bank.