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global expertise to work for a wide range of companies. what can we do for you? >> and now "bbc world news." >> the end in sight for chile's trapped miners, final preparations under way. gallants to be endured arguing about who will lead in the underground -- >> i think they are also united. they want all their friends to come out before them. i think because of the camaraderie. welcome to "gmt." i'm george alagiah with a world of news and opinion. also in the program, a desperate race to tackle a new breach in hungary's reservoir of toxic sludge. how many others around the

world pose a similar threat? russia pumps ups its military power with everything from inflatable tanks to rocket launchers. it is midday in london, 7:00 p.m. in hong kong and 8:00 in the morning in july where the epic story of the 33 trapped miners is entering its final phase. the delicate and untried process of bringing the men to the surface after an underground or deal is expected to start on wednesday. the men have been deciding which order they want to be brought out in and it seems disagreements are not over who should be first but who should be last. report from the san jose mind. -- mine. >> words of comfort 700 meters above where the miners are trapped. now the makeshift camp where families it weighed, they know rescue approaches and their prayer's grow more confident.

>> after two months we are now in the most delicate phase, the final phase, he told me. we are managing our hope. here they are fast and precise. teams welded steel tubing down which the rescue capsule will travel and load it into the incredibly narrow shaft. it followed a weekend success when engineers drilled through to the minors's chamber, a real boost after more than two months underground. there is no let up in the pace of the work but they still have to put up the wench and the police and test the rescue capsules with weight in them before they can try putting the minres up. among those waiting is gomez, her father, mario, sent this letter from down in the mind and she says he and others are arguing because they all want to be the last one rescued.

>> i think they are also united. they want all of their friends to come out before them. i think it's because of the camaraderie. >> some understand little of their family's ordeal but they all hope it will be over soon. bbc news at the san jose mine. >> let us go live to the mine and speak to tim wilcox. these are final preparations but they are incredibly delicate things that need to be done now. >> the question -- they have been underground for 67 days now. will they be under ground on day 70? that is the question everybody is answering here because as was pointed out in the report, the casing is almost there. i was speaking to someone at the site is says they have one last 6 feet of tube to insert into the mine before the casing is

finished. we were told by the mining minister it would be completed by 9:00 and it looks like it will be on track. there is some morning fog but i think we can see what is going on of plan b. they put up this around it. a little earlier you would be able to see the world is getting going with those steel tubes, but now we can't see any of that at all. what we think is going to happen from now on, really, is they will start constructing that wench with special cables being brought in from germany. the kind that you buy the cable cars, designed not to twist. what they will do is put the went into the concrete footing and then they will start practicing what that rescue capsule up and down. it it gives them plenty of time, if we are looking at the restaurant itself starting on wednesday.

-- rescue itself starting on wednesday. some saying perhaps too much time. wonder if we are in for a surprise, that something will happen tuesday evening. the president -- i spoke to his wife and she said she thought he was coming on tuesday. so we might have flexibility. but the other thing it was pointed out, the arguing. it is difficult to actually understand what is going on. yes, they are tight as a group but some people are saying that perhaps the last one wants to hold the record as the longest surviving miner underground, and others are saying it is just team spirit and the all want to share in the experience. >> thanks allot. let's take a look at some of the other stories making headlines around the world. we start with some breaking news. british prime minister david cameron says an aide worker killed in afghanistan may not have been killed by her captors.

instead he said the commander of nato forces in the country, general david petreaus, called him to say linda norgrove may have died as a result of a grenade thrown by american special forces. >> early this morning, general petraeus in charge of isaf forces in afghanistan contacted the office and informed us that in a review of the rescue information, new information had come to light about the circumstances surrounding linda's death. general petraeus has since told me that that review revealed evidence to indicate that linda may not have died at hands of her captors as originally believed. that evidence and subsequent interviews with the personnel involved suggest that linda could have died as a result of a grenade detonated by the task force during the assaults.

however, this is not certain and a full u.s.-u.k. investigation will be launched. >> british prime minister david cameron talking about linda norgrove, the aid worker who died in afghanistan. engineers in hungary are racing to finish an emergency dam to stop another flow of toxics glut -- sludge. seven people have died since the wall around the reservoir containing this was a burst open, sending the slow rate down to nearby areas. there are new fears the wall will give way again. journalists have been a lot closer to the scene of the devastation and our correspondent duncan kennedy was among them. >> was a week ago that the wall of this reservoir collapsed and the contaminated sludge poured out. what one official called a tsunami -- bowing down to nearby villages. at least seven people died, 150 more were injured.

many burnt by the chemical compounds in the slow rate. now fresh cracks have. in the same wall, meaning more sludge could be released. most of the liquid waste gone, remains a heavier and victor are no less deadly. and fact, it may have higher concentrations of the toxins. it will probably close lower, and that may buy time, time to finish in the emergency dam they are constructing a few hundred meters away. bigger is and tractors are racing to build an earth and rock barrier up to 6 meters high. that may be too late for the town worst hit by last week's torrent but it could save other towns and settlements further on. they think they can finish the dam and about three days and they are hoping that the reservoir wall will stay intact and tell them. it has become a race between engineers and the forces of gravity. duncan kennedy, bbc news,

western hungary. >> for more on the consequences of this spill i am joined in new castle studios by the director of the newcastle institute for research on sustainability. thank you for being with us. i am not sure how much of the report you caught. clearly we are dealing with an emergency right now. to what extent do you think this is an accident waiting to happen? >> i think it was very much an accident waiting to happen we have been an argument for many years that secondary dams should be constructed as a standard -- this is something we argued strenuously with the eu should be put in place but the industry lobby held that down. >> i don't quite understand. if people like you can say the threat, arguing for a second of all, are there eu rules governing this?

we are always told the are hot on health and safety. >> it is frustrating. there were two similar events in spain and romania that also affected the danube in the year 2000. the new directive was eventually produced in 2006. i was involved in various stages of the negotiations. during the passage through the various committees and european parliament, there was heavy lobbying from the industry that put out most of the provisions that would prevent the sort of thing. four years after the directive came into force in proves to be a lame duck. >> you are saying the industry itself got into the u.n. of putting in to do -- got into the way putting in measures? >> very vociferous elements representing the small sectors that were very or vociferous and

over the top. you cannot put all of this burden on this. the reality that these dams, they are constructed over many decades of minerals. always changes of personnel, there is loss of information so they're very much a field -- have a failure of an average of once a year somewhere in the world. because it is built over many decades, it is not like a water dam built in one single project. they are patched over years. that is the problem. this is well known but the industry was great resistance to take more preventive measures. >> thank you very much. the president of the philippines ordered former -- formal charges be filed against four police officials over the handling that of the bus hijacking in august. it left eight hong kong tourist the bed. charges include gross

incompetence and serious neglect of duty. a greek policeman has been sentenced to life imprisonment after being found guilty of murdering a 15-year-old school boy two years ago. the incident sparked some of the worst rioting in the country in recent years. the court rejected a claim by the policeman that he had fired a warning shot at rioting youths. of the first parliamentary election in kyrgyzstan the sense deadly fighting it is inconclusive end it is headed toward a coalition government. the nationalist party is the front runner. 40 people were killed in the violence in june. an inquest into the deaths of the 53 people killed in the 2005 london bombings has just begun. four british islamist targeted three underground trains and a bus and what was the worst terrorist attack in the uk. it relatives of the victims want to know if police could have prevented the attack as they had

come across two of the bombers before. live at the royal court in london where the inquest is taking place. what are these the animal is hoping to gain? there have been other inquiries, haven't they? >> there have. several reports by officials in london looking into what happened. reports by parliamentarians trying to analyze what the security services may have known in the run-up to the bombing. of course, thousands of words and books written about what happened. the point about these inquests -- this is been made clear -- this is the first opportunity really that the families have been able to take part in proceedings independence and overseen by a senior judge. she is going to spend the next five months hearing evidence from about 500 witnesses, we are

told today, 16 legal teams. this is going to be a very significant inquiry into what happened. and they are going to go through each of the individuals 52 victims of the bombings to find out how they died. this morning, the proceedings began with everybody in the court standing up to hear the names of those 52 victims read out and then there was a moment of silence. and now proceedings are continuing. >> thank you very much for the update. >> still to come, the u.s. dollar under heavy cream -- pressure again ask -- as traders that the american economy will need a boost. the latest and the famous fleet of oceangoing liners will be officially named but when elizabeth today, following in the wake of two illustrious predecessors -- the queen elizabeth, launched in 1958, and

in qe2, which also ferried troops to the falklands war. the first built in an italian dockyard is more in southampton. >> on a still all morning, southampton welcomes a new queen. a 400 million pounds and investment, preparing to join her sisters than follow a historical tradition. >> as the war mother and children are under need that the skyscraper, soon to come to life with a touch of a hand -- >> she stood behind a mother at the launch of the first ship -- the queen elizabeth was the largest passenger ship ever built. a retired from service, the first queen elizabeth was reduced to a halt by a disastrous fire in hong kong harbor. but her successor became, if anything, more famous. sailing 6 million miles and transporting 3000 troops to the

falklands conflict. this nation -- the latest ocean giant was both an italian dockyard, where she acquired a godmother. she has been sailing on the queens for most of her life. >> the coinless is the ship and a godmother smashes the bottle on about -- the queen blesses the ship and the godmother smashes the bottle on about. >> tickets for this maiden voyage was not up and under a half an hour. the cruise industry has weathered a chilly financial climate of the have no more ships on order for the u.k. operation. the queen elizabeth may be the last of her kind. >> of this is "gmt" from bbc world news. i'm george alagiah.

in the headlines -- work is nearly complete on the rescue it shaft at the mine in and chile where 33 men have been trapped for more than two months. engineers and hungary are racing to build an emergency dam to stop the spread of toxic sludge. but business news. there is a new war, currency war. >> becoming a bit of a problem and also have seen a city -- shaky start to the week for the youth of the dollar, which fell to a fresh 80-year-low against the yen and also lost ground against the bureau. traders are betting the american authorities will have to take measures to give the the economy a boost, which could involve flooding the market with dollars. over the weekend in washington by men -- imf did little to relieve the pressure and now there is concern worldwide the country's army laminating -- countries are manipulating their

currencies for an unfair advantage. >> the fact that the markets are anticipating a fed flooding the market with dollars is obviously pushing the currency down. i think the question we really need to have answered is just how much liquidity is the fed going to pump into the market. i think until we have some idea of that particular figure, the dollar will continue to slide. admittedly, the pace of appreciation seems to have tailed off, which is a positive. but it does not appear to be an immediate turnaround inside. >> if you like technology gadgets, listen to this on because later on in new york microsoft is expected to unveil a range of handsets that uses the windows 7 operating system. it marks their first full care -- full-scale response to the touch screen revolution sparked by the iphone more than three years ago. >> the smartphone industry is big business. the rapid pace of change -- if

you are not quick to innovate, you can be left behind. now microsoft is trying to make up lost ground with windows phone 7, and operating system designed to take on its main rivals. >> microsoft has responded to do with a completely different product. it looks totally different and it is a managing experience. just like apple. >> apple has revolutionized the industry with its iphone first launched in 2007. three years on, consumers still can't seem to get enough. yet, the sale of smartphones accounts for just a fraction of the overall market, which is made up of more than 5 billion mobile phone users. analysts believe that could all change within five years when they say nearly all phones will be smart, internet capable, and able to run apps, but there is much more at stake since it is

not just about smartphones. >> the ipod -- ipad runs the same software, tablets ron google's enjoys software. these products threaten to reduce the importance of microsoft's core business, windows and office. >> the hardware makers believed to be planning to build devices around windows 7 include samsung, lg, and toshiba, but it will be months whether we know whether seven will prove to the microsoft's like -- lucky number. >> global stocks higher this monday. all the middies' ongoing expectation that the u.s. fed will decide to palm more money into the u.s. economy. that possibly coming at the next fed meeting in november. that's it for the market. >> thanks very much. a the nobel prize for economics

has just been announced, awarded to three people, two americans. peter diamond unveiled mortensen and the third one is a british and separate citizen. the swedish academy said they had won the prize for work which can explain how unemployment, job vacancies, wages are affected by regulation and policy. to make some sense of that, our economics editor. these citations are obscure at the best of times. it actually says for their analysis of markets with the search frictions. >> >> i think this is one of these times of people say economists get awards for fear is that state the obvious, when you try to get a job usually do not get one immediately, you have to look around. but what they have done is a little more complicated. if there is are basically trying to explain why unemployment could stay high for a long time and how that affected of -- how

difficult it is to find a job or also how high unemployment benefits are because it made me they don't take the first step in office but a job that pays much more than the unemployment benefit. why of the assumptions of some economists that everything will immediately be right, be wrong. >> it is relevant given where we are with countries trying to come out of review session. >> you can read a book ways. economists say unemployment benefits should not be too high. a bit of a right wing view, that it discourages people from taking work. and the idea, some extreme free- market economist, saying just let the market go its own way and people will instantly find jobs and they say that doesn't happen, either. interesting from both sides. >> the russian military has come up with an inventive way to deceive the enemy and save money. inflatable weapons. they looked just like real ones,

they are easy to transport and quick to deploy. you name it, the russian army -- pretend tanks and entire raider stations. steve rosenberg has been taking a look of this unusual attempt to inflate a rush of's armed forces. >> the russian army has always been proud of its hardware. but modern warfare is not just about firepower. it is about fooling the enemy. which is why the russians have developed this a strategic weapon. not only is it easy to assemble and quick to deploy, and you don't need any ammunition. just air. presenting the inflatable russian tank. proved that the russians have decided to blow up their own armed forces. it is not only tanks. they are inflating rocket launchers, too, like this one, a cross between a ballistic missile and a fancy -- but the

decoys are coated in a special material that tricks radar and thermal imaging systems into believing they are real. in fact, they are so lifelike that they even got their own side fooled. >> on one military exercise and russian air force general put our inflatable -- thought our inflatable rocket launchers was real and he ordered us to lower the rockets and he refused to believe it was a dummy because intelligence reports indicated it was loaded and ready to fire. >> what this inflatable lax and firepower, more than makes for -- up for inflexibility. it is light, easy to move around, and probably the best is . e price type -- price tag rushes inflatable armed forces, stitched together outside moscow by an army of see instances. these women used to make hot air balloons the producing dummies for the military feels much more patriotic.

she is selling and s-300 rocket missile launcher. then i am proud to be making entire tanks and rocket launchers for our army. it is wonderful. there is just one problem. if you run out of puff, all of those heavy weapons turn very quickly into light artillery. >> that is almost it for this edition of "gmt." a reminder of the story that broke just as we came on air, david cameron, the british prime minister, said the british aid worker killed in a failed rescue attempt in afghanistan may have been killed by american special forces and not her captors, as originally thought. linda norgrove died friday. the prime is a said he received a call from the commander of nato forces, general petraeus, this morning. that is all for this edition of

"gmt." stay with us here on bbc world news. >> hello and welcome. >> see the news unfold, get the top stories from around the globe and click to play video reports. go to bbc.com/news to experience the in-depth, expert reporting of "bbc world news" online. >> funding was made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu. newman's own foundation. the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. and union bank.

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