chinese counterpart. kerry expressed his concerns about the nuclear development program. he pointed to reports that north korean authorities have restarted an experimental nuclear reactor. analysts say the facility is capable of generating weapons-grade plutonium. those attending the u.n. general assembly gathered for a meeting unlike any they attended in the past. they met to try to make life easier for the more than 1 billion people around the world with disabilities. nhk world has more from new york. >> many of those gathered here believe they need to address the rights of people with disabilities. so they met for what is called the high-level meeting on disability and development. heads of government and ministers have never met before in this kind of forum. they've been revisiting the millennium development goals. world leaders set those targets in the year 2000. they promise, for example, to

reduce extreme poverty by half and establish universal primary education by 2015. now the leaders are trying to figure out what to do after 2015. and as they set new goals, they want to help people with disabilities. the secretary-general said they want to break barriers and open doors. musician stevie wonder put it another way. >> i'm looking forward to when i can write a song about how great, not only one nation, but all of the nations of the world opens up and handles what they need to handle. making the world accessible for those with any disabilities at all. >> the key words here are inclusivity and accessibility. they say people with disabilities must be included in the development process and have access to education, health care and poverty reduction.

let me show you one of those approaches. this usb memory device carries within it what's called the outcome document from the meeting. and developers built this multimedia package using something called daisy technology. users can insert it into a computer and it will provide not only text, but also an audio version. they can also enlarge letters on the screen so people with weak eyesight or reading problems can access a document. in fact, organizers produced this with japanese funding. our colleague has more on how technology can open up doors. >> reporter: haruna is a 12-year-old student in tokyo. from early age, she had trouble reading print text. at the age of 6, she was

diagnosed with dyslexia. >> translator: before i knew she was dyslexic, i used to make her practice reading and writing. i made her cry. i feel painful thinking about it. but i used to say, why can you not do things other kids can? >> reporter: after the diagnosis, she got to know that there are multimedia books that might help her reading. that changed her life. it was called digital accessible information system or daisy. it contains digital audio files that narrate the text in human voice. it also highlights which part is being read. >> translator: i saw her reading a book by herself, using daisy. i felt overwhelmed.

>> translator: i was surprised and happy that i could read. >> reporter: now haruna comes to this library in tokyo to borrow these daisy book cds. >> translator: if there are children who find it painful to go to school because they cannot read, i'd like to tell them you could give it a try with daisy ones. >> reporter: haruna hopes that one day all books in all languages can be converted into daisy books. and become available throughout the world. nhk world. >> japan was among the first countries to introduce and develop the technology starting in the late 1980s.

it's just one example of how to make education more accessacces. the leaders here promised to work together to promote other policies that are more inclusive to those with disabilities. researchers at a u.n. agency say the number of child laborers around the world is declining. more than 10% of all children are still forced to work. officials at the international labor organization say many of them find themselves in hazardous situations. the report says 168 million children between the ages of 5 and 17 are working. most of them on farms or as street workers. it says 85 million children work in dangerous conditions such as soldiers or prostitutes, for example. researchers released their last report four years ago. they say since then, the number of child laborers has declined by more than 20%.

they say the global economic slowdown has cut the demand. >> 40-some million are under 14 years old, and this is still a drastic human rights violation and scourge. >> leaders a the labor organization set a goal of eliminating the worst forms of child labor by 2016. they say the plan is behind schedule and is not likely to be achieved. the european central bank president says he's willing to provide more long-term loans to prop up the region. mario draghi says the loans may be necessary to keep short-term borrowing rates low and protect the fragile recovery. he told the european parliament he's ready to offer fresh liquidity to help stabilize the region. the central bank pumped more than $1.3 trillion into the

banking system through long term refinancing operations. the cheap loans help to avert a credit crunch. there's concern that banks in spain and italy may run low on funds when they've repaid the loans in 2015. prime minister shinzo abe is set to announce on october 1st that he'll go ahead with a consumption tax hike. he's planning to raise the tax from 5% to 8% beginning next april. abe will try to cushion economy from the impact with a new stimulus of more than $50 billion. senior administration officials are trying to work out the details. they're planning to scrap a special corporate tax that's earmarked for reconstruction spending one year early. and they're talking about cutting corporate tax rays which are among the highest in the developed world. nhk world has more. >> prime minister seems to be more comfortable about the tax hike after seeing stronger economic data.

the figures for corporate investment are up. personal spending seems to be stable and the construction sector is booming. cabinet members recently heard from company managers, labor union officials and economists. all together, 60 people shared their views on the issue. more than 2/3 of them spoke in favor of the tax rise, and that gave the prime minister a push. abe also has a commitment to fulfill. he's promised to half the deficit by 2016. he has to increase the tax to raise enough revenue to keep that promise. with the national debt at more than $10 trillion, japan has to show the world it's serious about fiscal consolidation. prime minister is going to introduce 5 billion stimulus package to protect the economy from faltering. economists say if you increase the consumption tax by 1%, it will raise 2.7 yen in revenue. so by giving back 5 trillion

yen, abe is theoretically off setting an increase of nearly 2%. but government officials are still discussing how to implement the stimulus. some argue that reducing corporate tax is a priority. others say increasing public spending will deliver faster results. the economy is in the early sames of recovery, but a tax hike could change that. it would certainly place a burden on households and people's wages haven't been going up. prime minister abe and his officials will need to monitor the economy closely to avoid dampening consumer and corporate se sentle. executives at apple have achieved a new sales record with the latest models of their iphone. they say they sold more than million handsets in the first three sets after their launch. the iphone 5s and the cheaper iphone 5c when on sale in nine countries last week.

officials at apple say the three-day sales figure was 4 million units higher than for the previous model released last year. sales increased partly because japan's largest mobile phone carrier, mtt handling the iphon. another reason is the new models were launched in china at the same time as in japan and the u.s. previously, people in china had to wait several months after new iphone models were launched in other markets. apple is aiming to regain market share from its rivals. handsets using the android operating system developed by google account for nearly 80% of the global market. meanwhile, the pioneer of smartphones has agreed to sell itself. canada's blackberry will be bought by a group led by an investment firm. the deal will take the company private. blackberry announced on monday that it will be bought by canada-based fairfax financial holdings group for $4.7 billion.

the group currently holds about 10% of blackberry shares. the final purchase price will be decided after november. blackberry had a nearly 20% share in the global smartphone market back in 2009. but its market share has dropped to less than 3% in recent years. last week the company announced it will cut 4,500 employees or about 40% of its workforce. thousands of retired au autoworkers in the u.s. are trying to cash in on their stake in the chrysler group. they've forced the company to file for a public stock offering, but the u.s. security and exchange commission. a trust set up to provide medical coverage for the retirees will try to raise up to $100 million through the offering. the trust owns 41.5% of kpris her shares. some observers see the move as an attempt by the trust to increase the estimated value of its holding. italian automaker, fiat, is

trying to acquire the stake. it owns the majority share of chrysler. the two sides have been unable to agree on a price. chrysler collapsed during the global financial crisis. it's been trying to rebuild its business under the umbrella of the italian company. profits are flowing again thanks to strong sales of its pickup trucks. japanese diaper makers are producing production in china for high quality baby care products. japan's leading diaper maker will build its fifth factory in china by next march. it aims to increase sales there by 20%. sales in china made up 14% of the group's total in the business year through march. other makers of types and its materials are also expanding their production lines in china, despite concerns over souring relations with japan.

streets of china's capital, beijing, were once overwhelmed with millions of bicycles. today the problem is too many cars. the government has taken measures to try to reduce severe traffic congestion. they directly clash with the dreams of many city residents. >> reporter: every morning, liu leaves for work before 7:00 a.m. he doesn't start until 9:00. but the journey to the office takes time. liu leaves for beijing and relies on public transport to get into the city. he takes one bus. and then another. total travel time? >> translator: i'm so tired.

it took about two hours. >> reporter: that's why liu hopes one day to buy a car, but even then, his journey is not likely to be smooth. traffic crawls at a snail's pace during rush hour. there are now more than 5 million cars on the road. twice the amount from a decade ago. the dramatic rise in vehicles is a side effect of china's rapid economic growth. it's contributed to dangerously high levels of pollution and chaos on the streets. liu says even with the traffic congestion, having a car would cut his commuting time by more than half. >> translator: if i had my own car, i could take the expressway near my house to go to work. it shouldn't take me more than 40 minutes to get there.

>> reporter: the problem is he's currently not allowed to buy one. two years ago, beijing authorities introduced a lottery system to reduce the number of new vehicles on the road. only 20,000 people a month will be allowed to buy cars. but the desire to do so hasn't waned. liu is one of 1.5 million beijingers who entered the lottery last month. and this month, city official announced they'll cut the number of lottery winners in half to 10,000 beginning next january. it will be their latest effort to further reduce traffic congestion. but liu isn't giving up. he continues to enter every lottery. >> translator: if the government is trying to reduce the number of cars, then they should just

grade the public transportation system, too. >> reporter: liu says having a car will make life more convenient. he'll be able to drive to and from the mall instead of having to take a taxi home if he has too many bags. and even though he knows the commute to work will change from sitting on a bus to sitting in a jam, liu says that extra hour he expects to save in travel time will be worth it. >> and we're joined now from beijing. besides people wanting to buy cars, who else is being affected by beijing's efforts to limb it the number of cars on the road? >> well, car sellers have been hit especially hard by beijing's lottery scheme. it reduced the number of buyers. dealers have been laying off employees or transferring them to other regions away from

beijing since the lottery system was introduced. and the decision to further cut the number of eligible buyers will likely be a further blow to the business. >> what about the congestion on the streets? aside from the lottery system, what other measures have officials taken? >> they've installed new traffic signals on some of the roads which redirect traffic according to the time of day. that's meant to ease the flow of cars on the roads. the first reversible lane went into trial operation earlier this month, and fwrgreatly redu the congestion on a major road here. they also introduced private express bus routes that can transport people directly from the suburbs into the city, which cuts their commuting time. and authorities have promised to fully implement a public bicycle rental system by 2017 which will

be a more environmentally friendly way for people to get around. >> thank you. populous. prosperous. pushing ahead. china's rise brought it wealth. power. and problems. an income gap divides its people. pollution threatens their health. and disputes at sea strain relations with its neighbors. find out about the challenges china faces. on "newsline." time now to check on the weather. a tropical storm is affecting the southern islands of japan. our meteorologist sayaka mori tells us more in world weather. >> hello there. autumn has just started across the northern hemisphere, bullet still looking like summer across the waters. we are seeing lots of tropical storms. last week, we talked about typhoon that was usagi which affected southern taiwan. the northern philippines and southern china with floods and this time we have a severe

tropical storm first south of japan. this is causing lots of rain and strong winds too the ogasawa islands as we go into tomorrow. as a severe tropical storm, it's going to maintain its intensity, but the good news is that it's not going to make landfall in mainland swjapan. it's not going to produce lots of rain to mainland swra pjapan coastal areas will see high waves and rough seas as well and winds could be a little bit stronger. now, talking about the remnants of usagi, it's now located over southern china. it has weakened. however, it's still packing a lot of moisture to cause heavy rainfall. we're expecting more than 100 millimeters of rain to fall into the next 244 hours. in the line of thundershowers, from this area through the korean peninsula, up into the hokkaido area. now, across the americas, we're looking at lots of cool air coming in from the pacific.

see dotted clouds right here. this indicates that cooler air is traveling over the warm waters, gusty winds and strong rain as well as chilly conditions across the pacific northwest as well as british columbia. the cold air is expected to reach the northern rockies on wednesday. as it does so, significant snowfall is likely, probably over 35 centimeters anywhere above 1,500 meters. meanwhile, lots of high pressure system across this area and also across great lakes region. thus it's causing frost advisories and warnings across the great lakes region. and heavy rain continues across the gulf coast. miami will remain on the wet side into the next several days. probably into your friday. miami at 32 degrees. pleasant weather for the east coast. 22 in chicago. across the northwest, very chilly for this time of year. only 15 degrees for you in vancouver and seattle at 16 degrees on tuesday.

all right. finally, in europe, then, clear skies for the western parts of the continent, and many people enjoyed the famous festival in munich. take a look at the situation. germany's october fest is a two-week party that attracts 6 million visitors each year. it entered its second day with a traditional parade. hundreds of people marched through the center of munich. not much has changed over the years except for the price for one liter mug of beer. this year's 180th october fest ends on october 6th. warmer conditions as well as sunny conditions will prevail across this area into the next several days, but it's going to be too cold to drink beer if you're living in the east. we have a lingering low pressure system producing lower than average temperatures and also ongoing rainfall. in moscow, 8 degrees for the high. 11 degrees for kiev. summer is still existing over the iberian peninsula.

here's the extended forecast.

that wraps up this edition of "newsline." i'm keiko kitagawa in tokyo. thank you for joining us.

from los angeles, i am tavis he argues that by

replacing citizen soldiers with professional soldiers we have created a disconnect between the military and the rest of us and then we will have a conversation said.nadjia those conversations coming up right now. >> and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like

you. tavis: more than a decade of four has resulted in a separation from the american public and their professional military that fights in our name basovich.es andrew at a professor of history boston university he joins us tonight from that campus. good to have you on the program. thanks for your time. >> thank you for having me on. >> how have we as americans failed our soldiers? surface americans hold

their soldiers in very high regard. on publict manifested occasions whether it is the super bowl or the world series. my argument is that that is pretty thin. and substantively we have not provided support. i think the proper expression of support should be that we would want to ensure that our soldiers are never sent and harm's way unless absolutely necessary. when they go to fight the fight in wars that are properly managed. as a practical matter neither of those has retained create we have allowed a government to dispatch our soldiers to unnecessary wars with iraq being the principal example. afghanistan,and our soldiers have been subjected to mismanaged, poorly managed wars and the american people for

the most part have stood aside and simply allow that to happen. >> i take your logic, let me present little further. when you look at polls and studies and surveys, even the president with this mess that we have gotten into with syria has said repeatedly he knows the american public is were wary. i you saying that the american public at large, those of us who make up the electric have let the soldiers down? person to occupy the oval office, who said on capitol hill and make these decisions in our name, they have let the soldiers down. those are two different things, i think. >> i do not know. i think they are connected. we have allowed this people who we elected to get away with perpetrating ill-advised policies. we have not insied upon accountability. i am not even persuaded by the argument that in the recent