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>> more than 40% of cancers could be prevented if people chose healthier lifestyles. countdown to the e.u.'s most critical summit in decades as the u.s. treasury secretary makes his calls to key capitals. shutting its doors to the supermarkets, india suspends plans to open its retail market to outside competition. welcome to "bbc world news." i'm david eades. also coming up in the program -- israel's former president, moshe katsav, goes to jail for a seven-year rape sentence. also -- >> a date which will live in infamy. >> america prepares to mark the 70th anniversary of the japanese attack on pearl harbor.

>> hello. the full extent of just how far we can help ourselves to avoid cancer is being revealed by british scientists. a new study says more than 40% of cancers could be prevented if we gave up smoking and drank less. we should also keep our weight down and eat more healthfully. in most developed countries, cancer has become the second biggest killer after heart disease. 11.5 million deaths a year are predicted by 2030. here's jane hughes. >> it's some of the most up-to-date treatment for a condition that's expected to affect about one in four of us at some stage in our lives. cancer can be devastating, and yet many cases are preventable. jackie does all she can to reduce her cancer risk, getting daily exercise and keeping to a healthy diet. she only realized her lifestyle could be putting her at risk when she was diagnosed with cancer of the thyroid a decade ago. >> i'm trying to avoid really

getting cancer again, and the best way i know to do that is to concentrate on eating the correct food. there's plenty of publicity on what you should eat, and taking a lot of exercise to give myself the best fighting chance. i don't want to go through it again. >> today's research suggests that 42% of all cases last year could have been prevented. smoking is responsible for over 19% of cancer cases. an unhealthy diet causes 9%, and being overeight or obese is linked to 5% of all cancers. one of the most striking things about this study is just how much difference having enough fruit and vegetables can make. after smoking, not having your five a day is the single biggest preventable cancer risk for men. for women, it's being overweight. >> most people have a view that cancer is down to fate or chance. and what this study shows is actually there's quite a lot that we can do to stack the odds in our favor. >> no one can eliminate their

risk of getting cancer. age and family history are big factors. but it's now clear changing your lifestyle could make a real difference. jane hughes, bbc news. >> police in moscow arrested more than 500 protesters on tuesday night as they demonstrated against what they say were rigged elections. more than 1,000 people staged an unsanctioned rally in the capital. they were met, though, by a larger number of police soldiers, pro-kremlin supporters as well. i asked steve rosenberg what kind of turnout was expected for that rally. more than 7,000 people say they intent to go to the opposition rally on saturday. also, at one nationalist group, they say it plans to hold the protest on the streets of moscow later today. you mentioned, david, the

numbers weren't great yesterday, but there was a large number of arrests. the news agency today reported that 569 people were arrested at yesterday's protest. now, that adds to the 300 people that were arrested after monday's anti-government protests. so, large numbers of arrests. let me show you some of the russian newspapers and how they're covering the anti-government protests. >> well, we're going to leave steve there for the moment. the former president, moshe katsav, has started a prison sentence for rape. he served as president from 2000 to 2007, was also convicted of two counts of sexual harassment. on his way to jail, he denied the charges once again and told reporters the state of israel was executing an innocent man. our correspondent in jerusalem, wiree davis, is giving us the background to the case.

>> katsav was actually convicted over a year ago, but he has gone through the appeal court and it's only now he's starting this seven-year prison sentence. on one hand, this is a very embarrassing day for israel. a former head of state, a man who was once the country's youngest minister, being sent to jail after being found guilty of rape and sexual harassment. but equally, many israelis say it's a day their country should be proud of, that a man, even though the great and powerful can be taken to court for serious sexual crimes and convicted, of course, there are many countries in the middle east where the crime of rape is even acknowledged, least alone that somebody can be convicted of it. so it's, on one hand, an embarrassing day, but also a good day for the israeli legal system. katsav, as i say, had been offered a plea-bargain actually in which he would not have had to go to jail, but he chose to fight his case in the courts. he lost. there were three cases against him, one of rape, two of sexual harassment, and the former president is now beginning this

seven-year prison sentence. we understand that he's also being placed on suicide watch because of the state of his mind. >> there's wyre davis. i know we took at the markets, but building up to this summit, we need to where things are. >> yes, because we've had a conservative week. on monday, there was word from the american rating agency that it was looking at downgrading. you might even look at germany and even the fund, which has been set up, otherwise known as the bailout fund, which has limited resources. we've had sarkozy, geithner of the u.s., and also merkel meeting and talking about what sort of eurozone modifications need to be made. there's a big debate about the treaty there. but what the markets are really hopeful about is the european central bank will now be able to step in and start buying a lot of sovereign debt. that will really help matters. and also, there is talk about a

big bazooka. >> you like that, yeah. >> one isn't enough, we now have two big because ook as. the prospect of being leaked by the "financial times," this is what will emerge on friday. this is really what the markets are looking for, just simply a lot of funds really to resolve this problem, and that's why they're investigating. the dow is also, but also european markets opening in stronger form. >> well, bazookas to one side for a moment, but the fact is the retail sector is still struggling, and companies are still going under, aren't they? >> yes. the third largest electrical retailer in europe has swung to a loss. this is the retailer, kaza. it reported a first half loss and said that market conditions had becoming rather more challenging. it's also concerned its troubled u.k. chain will go forward, but millions of dollars to take the company off its hands, leaving them with

france actually as its main business. so signs already that the eurozone crisis is impacting the economy. >> ok, thank you very much indeed for that. now let's see what the politicians are saying, because the u.s. treasury secretary, timothy geithner, is saying he's confident the e.u. leaders will find a way out of their debt crisis. one wonders what else he might say a stage. but speaking after talks in paris with the french finance minister, he did stress the importance of european success for the united states and indeed for the world. he's now holding talks with president car sewsee himself. his presence in europe really undermining the intense global scrutiny that the e.u. is under as it heads towards that summit near the end of the week. he's in paris, and he wondered what mr. geithner was bringing to the table at this stage. >> well, i just think he's bringing a sort of enthusiasm, gal vanization, steeling europe to the sticking point, making

sure that everyone knows, not that sarkozy needs reminding, that this is not just a european problem, but a world-class problem that europe really is at a turning point, and if they miss this opportunity, then the world and the markets are simply going to give up. i mean, i think it really is now at the crunch. of course, america has its own interest very much at heart here as well. timothy geithner isn't coming up for the sake. world, he's coming up for the sake of the american economy. the american economy will be very badly affected if the euro goes down the tube. and so, it's just a way, i think, of passing the message, this whirlwind tour to show that really the world is watching, and this has to be pulled off this time. >> hugh schofield. hamid karzai has arrived back in pakistan, the day after the deadliest bomb attack in three years. at least 55 people were killed in the blast. mr. karzai has been in germany for the bonn conference on

afghanistan, but this blast was aimed at members of the country's shia minority, taking part in the commemoration of the holy day ashura. a taliban spokesman condemned the attack. suspicion is now falling on militant groups based in neighboring pakistan for this incident. our correspondent in kabul, quentin somerville, says the nature of the attack does set it attack from earlier violence in the country. >> there were two things that distinguished these attacks. this is a country that is used to violence, appalling violence on a daily basis, much of it directed at civilians. if this attack was two different ways, one, the scale of it, we haven't seen an attack that big for many years. but also because the very nature of it, the fact that it was the shia community who generally rub along quite well with the sunni brother. it was then that they were attacked. they were attacked here in cab and you will a few minutes later, they were attacked in the north of the country.

>> sue's here now. let's start with quite an achievement, to be fair, to chelsea. there were doubters rather they'd get through into the champions league knockout stage at all. >> i know, it was a fantastic performance last night. didier was really outstanding, really back to form we were so used to seeing. they won 3-0. they bought their place in the champions league. afterward, they were clearly really irked by the way they've been treated by the press. he prefaced it by saying i'm not picking a fight with you guys, and then pked a fight. have a look at this. >> i think today is a win of human values, solidarity, responsibility, strength of character, ability to take criticism, resilience, and this is a great win for chelsea players. it is respect they don't get.

we've been continually chased by different kinds of people and different kinds of pressure . maybe today we gave everybody a slap in the face. >> it will be interesting to see what happens. but also, did make a really good point, he says chelsea had been a bit persecuted, but whether agree with that or not is an individual choice, but he does make the comparison with manchester city, who were flying high in the premier league, but in real danger of going out of the champions league tonight. they got to hope that real can get something at home for them to progress, and he said they haven't had quite the stick that we have, and that's why he was irked. >> you just expect them to win premier league matches. that's the problem. champions league, takes longer to find your feet. let's have a look at the golf. rory mcilroy is a phenomenon, and seems to be doing it again. >> he had that terrific win in hong kong at the weekend, and now, of course, it's come down to the last event of the season, the dubai event this weekend, where, if he wins that

and luke donald finishes outside the top nine, then mcilroy will win the european tour order of merit. it would be an amazing achievement. luke donald is definitely the favorite. luke donald's father died very suddenly, very sadly, and his wife has just given birth to their second child, so he's got other things on hi mind. but martin kaymer has been talking about luke donald and thinks eames the man to do the job this weekend. >> the way he played golf this year and the last three years, you know, he's definitely to be the number one in the world. i hope he will win here this week. he played great golf, and it will be nice for him. >> one thing luke donald does is finish in the top 10 consistently, almost always. >> yep. he just won the pga tour as well in terms of money this season. >> sue, thanks very much indeed for all of that. thank you for watching "bbc world news." we've got a lot more still to bring you, including what is the first hollywood film to be

set in dubai. mission: impossible 4, we've got pictures for you. what is happening to all the butterflies? here in the u.k., the numbers for nearly 3/4 of all butterfly species are in considerable decline. the researchers from the center for ecology and hydrology say the most likely explanation is they are losing their traditional habitat. >> this latest stock date is based on data covering a decade, as well as signalsing the size of overall populations of different species. researchers have been looking at how wide spread they are. the study's key finding is 72% of the u.k.'s butterflies have seen their numbers falling. among the biggest declines, rare species like the high brown, the population is down by almost 70%. it's also found in fewer areas.

its distribution has halved. researchers believe the key factor behind the falls in so many species is the deterioration of habitat, and they found that it's want just the rarer butterflies that have declined. total numbers of common or widespread species are also down. >> the declines are much broader, and a lot of the species we're worried about have still continued to decline. however, at local sites, we've actually reversed these declines quite well. >> among the success stories, the large blue, once extinct, now reintroduced. numbers are still rising. conservationists say that examples like this show what can be achieved with proper understanding, management, and protection of the habitats that different butterfly species depend on. daniel bircher, bbc news. >> the obama administration says it's going to use the supply of aid, as well as diplomacy to improve gay and lesbian rights all around the world.

speaking in geneva, the secretary of state, hillary clinton, said many gay people were being denied their basic human rights. >> in many ways, they are an invisible minority. they are arrested, beaten, terrorized, even executed. many are treated with contempt and violence by their fellow citizens. while authorities empowered to protect them look the other way. >> authorities suggest people near britain have become less tolerant of the poor. more than a quarter of those surveyed thought poverty was down to lazyness or a lack of willpower. in the mid 1990's, only 15% held that view. the national center for social research says the report indicates there's a growing belief in the responsibility of the individual. this is very much for real.

the good news is no one was seriously hurt in the making of that movie. that happens for watching "bbc world news." i'm david eades. these are the headlines. more than 40% of cancers could be prevented if people chose healthier lifestyles. that's according to word by british scientists. the countdown to the e.u.'s most critical summit in decades when the single currency could be saved, it could be condemned. to india now, as the government has confirmed a u-turn, at least temporarily, on plans to open up its huge retail sector to global supermarkets like wal-mart and tesco. the initial decision to deregulate the market provoked an outcry among opposition groups. they were warning it could force millions of small traders out of business. india's finance minister said he still hopes to get agreement

and to revive the change. >> this is to double up through consultation. >> what happens next for foreign supermarkets hoping to set up shop in india, they seem rather unclear. >> that's exactly right. what exactly does a suspension mean, particularly when it comes to landmark reforms in india, keeping in mind, this isn't the kind of issue that just cropped up when the cabinet approved it late last month. it's been one that's gone for months, for years. other political parties, those in opposition, have also had to deal with it. when it comes to the word suspension, it's still very unclear as to what we're talking about here and where the process moves on, how exactly the government plans on continuing this conversation and this consensus building between itself and the

opposition. >> so, is it your sense that the decision to block business in parliament, the outcry for millions of traders ultimately is going to win the day? >> ultimately it's being designed here, what we've seen today in terms of this suspension, the government buckling to unrelentless opposition as a result of its approval by cabinet, keeping in mind that, from the outset, this was never going to be easy, either which way the government went, whether it was suspended or it pushed ahead with one of the kinds of moves that's been described as really critical to move india into a period of reform and certainly help it to emerge as a serious player in global markets. >> december 7, 1941, it's a date seared in history. ceremonies will be held later in hawaii to mark the 70th anniversary of the attack on

pearl harbor. the japanese assault killed more than 2,000 americans and drew the country into the second world war. as paul adams reports, seven decades later, veterans who were there that morning are pausing to remember the event. >> december 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy. >> they did a terrific lot of damage. they caught us sound asleep that morning, sound asleep. that shows what pearl harbor looked like five minutes before the war started. my ship is this one right there. very peaceful. >> robert van druf was a 22-year-old sailor aboard a ship, reading a popeye comic when the attack began. >> at first we thought that one of the ships had a fire on it.

we were going to put the fire out, and soon discovered a plane flying around was a japanese flag painted on the side, and then immediately changed from we knew we were at war. >> unconfirmed reports are most every ship in the harbor has been hit. >> the attack sank or damaged 18 ships, killed more than 2,400 americans. >> pearl harbor. >> the country was catapulted into war. pearl harbor, the subject of frequent propaganda films. hitler thought japan's spectacular success meant he would win. churchill knew the opposite was true. >> they're marching now. the rhythm of our marching boys thrills the world. >> america, reluctant for so long to get involved, was now grimly determined. for more than 100,000 japanese-americans, it meant internment in bleak detention camps. it didn't matter how patriotic you were, you were now officially the enemy.

>> at the end of december of 1941, a decision was made by the american government to change our designation. my designation became foreseen, and 4-c was the designation of an enemy alien. >> the policy was eventually reversed. the government apologized. japanese-americans enlisted in droves and fought with distinction. the soldier who went on into politics harbors no regrets. >> in war, we drew things that we looked back upon and say we must have been nuts. that's what it is. war is a nutty thing. it's insanity. >> this may be the last major pearl harbor commemoration w. dwindling numbers, the survivors association is to be disbanded at the end of the year. paul adams, bbc news, washington.

>> dubai is bracing itself for the arrival of hollywood stars at the premiere of "mission: impossible 4." that's the opening film for the dubai international film festival. it's also the first major hollywood film to be set in dubai. >> for dubai, this is a first. convincing some of hollywood's biggest stars to perform a stunt of the world's tallest building has been seen as a big clue of the tiny desert city. >> they're looking at this part of the world as the glothe coming from this part of the world in the future, so to open such a big film like this in a small city like dubai is really something i'm very proud of. >> the fourth installment of the mission: impossible" series sees tom cruise return as ethan hunt, along with a british actor and a bollywood actor.

the hype around the film is getting people excited here. tu bey -- dubai does not have a big film industry, but it does have big ambitions. they're hoping it will put dubai on the map as an aspiring hollywood of the middle east. it's not the first movie to be filmed in dubai, but it's the biggest one set in the city. it's just the start for the emirates film industry. >> they need to capitalize on this run with this, prevent itself to the world as a place where films can come to be shot and be made with a minimum of fuss, and i think that's the situation which really could happen in the future. >> the "mission: impossible" series has earned nearly $1.5 billion at the box office. that's probably not important to dubai, just getting the film to come to the desert has given the city its biggest starring role to date. >> going to bring you breaking news regarding the pakistan president, asif ali zardari. a spokesman for the president

says mr. zardari is going to stay in hospital in dubai for checks. he's currently being treated for a heart condition there. his departure from the country has fueled some reports of a possible resignation to follow, but the spokesman did say mr. zardari was there for routine medical tests and checkups. it was all linked to previously diagnosed problems, he said, and he rejected those rumors that mr. zardari was going stand down. also, want to bring you some scenes from moscow again. another demonstration. however, i should point out, this is in support of vladimir putin. it comes just after two nights of protests, of course, against the parliamentary polls. one by mr. putin's party. there's been a claim of ballot rigging by the opposition, something like 500 or more people were arrested in the course of tuesday night as they demonstrated. but they said there will be more demonstrations on saturday.

>> make sense of international news at bbc.com/news. >> funding was made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu. newman's own foundation. and union bank. >> union bank has put its global financial strength to work for a wide range of companies. what can we do for you? >> bbc world news was presented

by kcet los angeles.