offering specialized solutions and capital to meet your growth objectives, we offer expertise and tailored solutions for small businesses and major corporations. what can we do for you? >> and now, bbc world news. >> it is romney first, rick santorum in close to second -- a close second. inflation persists in europe but could interest rates take a dip? welcome to bbc world news. also coming up, a long rest begins after an eight match ban

for racial abuse. we look at whether meditation can reduce pain and stress. the long race and the republican party to find a candidate to challenge president obama has begun in dramatic fashion. in the first test, the favorite, mitt romney, did come out on top. but he snatched victory by just eight votes ahead of the previous outsider rick santorum. >> game on. >> for months he was written off as a no hoper.

a social conservative and late to choice of evangelical christians. >> you, by standing up, and not compromising, by standing up and being told, and deleting, leading with that responsibility you have to be first, you have taken the first step of taking back this country. [applause] >> this was the other protagonist -- mitt romney would finish, winning by just eight votes. he went on stage with the accounting still going on. >> this is campaign nightwear america wins. we are going to change the white house and get america back on track. >> republicans braved the chill to make their choice. in a packed school hall, we

found a support evenly divided. >> mitt romney is the best, delectable person. >> i am supporting rick santorum because of his conservative stance on gay marriage. he is pro-life. >> for some, this may have been the last dance. michele was brought here but finished last. rick perry could only managed fifth and is heading home to texas to think. the choice is narrowing. it is clear that the more social conservatives are not happy with mitt romney. they want an alternative to remains the best organized and best funded, and the favorite. >> a long way to go. we will discuss the twists and turns in a few minutes. stay with us here on bbc world news. in a few hours, at the old

bailey court, two men will be sentenced for the murder and a black teenager more than 18 years ago. gary dobson and david norris were under the age of 18 when stephen lawrence was stabbed. it has been a big case which has triggered changes in the law. >> the jury in the stephen lawrence murder trial were never shown these pictures of gary dobson and david norris. back then, in the face of anchor, they were defiant, even after their convictions. both now face long jail terms. this police video may have played an important part in their conviction. it demonstrated their racist attitudes.

it also showed that knives or an important part of their lives at that time their friend was seen on and video -- a video. the core of the case was a forensic evidence. both of them to answer questions about it. >> i am asking you to account for the presence of stephen lawrence's blood. >> the justice will hand down the sentences today, considering a number of factors, including previous convictions. gary dobson is already serving a five-year sentence. david norris was threatened -- charged with threatening behavior. his lawyer says he has been a sit-in in prison. this was a racially motivated attack but the murder took place before the law was made.

these pictures show the dobson was 17. as a juvenile, they will receive lower sentences now. it is expected the murderers could sell -- serve up to 15 years before being considered for parole. >> the author of a book called, "the case for stephen lawrence" gave me his thoughts. >> they were under age. they were in their teens when this happened. you have to make allow for that. we do not give long sentences to teenagers, to kids. >> stephen lawrence's mother said it cannot be a case of moving on. what is your view of fell level of racism -- of the level of

racism? >> i think the lesson for the stephen lawrence case, which we were taught by the lawrence inquiry, you cannot close the book on that and say we can move on. let's forget it. one of the big changes was that we understood, we had it shown that racism is not something done by extremists or the bad apples or the people the shaven heads. it is not just that -- that kind of people. it can be done by paul institutions which have failed to take account of the need of minority people. that was a great lesson. we are still burning it. we are still digesting it. -- learning it. we are still digesting it.

>> the number of changes, the attitude with in much of the public sector, at what point could you say this has proved to be a seminal moment in modern british history ? >> very much so. this was the first time that the british public embraced a black grief andaw their accepted their grievance. they saw through the color of skin to the issue. i think of that is a landmark for britain. the idea that when black people have grievances, people are old enough to remember there was a tendency to shut the door, to say, black people are scary. let's move on. we have grown up. we have grown out of that and take these things more

seriously. >> you are about to blow me away with results. it is all pouring into a. >> the eurozone. let's start with pmi purchasing. cable companies from tanks to restaurants. -- they look at companies from banks to restaurants. anything below is a contraction. we got 48.3. the services sector is contracting. better than november. but it does not do anything to dispel the fears that the eurozone will slide into a recession this year. many believe the lights a portugal and spain and italy, are already in a recession. that does not bode well. we are also expecting inflation numbers. three%.

the target is 2%. it is above that target. we are expecting it to drop slightly. still higher than the target. typically when you have higher inflation the role of the bank is to start raising interest rates to bring that inflation number down. everything we are starting to hear, the suggestions from the central bank, they will to the reverse and start cutting interest rates. on top of that, germany and portugal, and my blowing you away? they're going to the bond auction. a big test for germany because they want to raise 5 billion euros. for the 10-year bonds, remember in november, they did not receive enough when they held a similar auction. enough bids to raise the money they wanted. that highlighted the worry that the eurozone crisis was

hitting the strongest economy in europe. all eyes are on that. i will bring that to you. >> did you take a breath? [laughter] thank you very much. france and paris are famous for their concierges, looking after the residence. that job is in something of a crisis as we report from paris. >> france's housing minister cutting a ribbon at the first- ever school for concierge. the job is in decline. there is a crisis in recruitment and this first intake is supposed to start filling the gap. they learn about internet communication, conflict resolution, a new skills for managing a modern community. the concierge is emblematic of

paris. the job goes back 200 years. these days there are fewer and fewer. the pay is not great and the work is changing. the popular term -- image of the concierge of a fat, lazy woman watching television and spying on the neighbors. the reality is rather different. famousance's most concierges cents awarded the order of merit by the government for her years in a housing complex. she loves the work and the people. but -- things are getting tougher, she says. it is hard to find a new concierge. people are rooter. it was not like that 15 years ago. a classic -- she retires after

35 years of service, helping neighbors and keeping order. will the next generation also have what it takes? >> putting his feet up. >> i think it is going to be about a month. he was banned for eight games, it was announced last week. the or maybe the week before. liverpool accepted the ban. they are not going to appeal. before that game, they gave a statement as to what they felt about the band. we can have a look at them now. they constructed a case against him based on accusations. he said his piece as well.

he is upset by the evidence. -- events. his take on the events. >> there is a lot of things we would like to say. but we're going to get ourselves in trouble. we know what is going on. we know what is not in the report. that is important for us. >> i have to say, in terms of public opinion, he was walking alone on this one. >> thank you very much. thank you for watching bbc world news. plenty more to come including, does meditation transform your health? or is it a mind game?

the british heart foundation says that untrained people should forget about mouth to mouth the greeted -- resuscitation and concentrate on a chest compressions. here is our health correspondent during >> there are times where being tough comes in handy. >> a lot of us do not know what to do of somebody has a cardiac arrest. in this ad, he keeps his advice simple. >> first to call in 999. no kissing. you only kiss your misses on .... -- the lips. >> the thinking is that chest compressions can save lives. 30,000 people a year have a cardiac arrest in public.

only 1/3 get resuscitation from a bystander. >> it is a difference between life and death. it needs a prompt treatment. with the community in terms of people, pressing hard and fast in the center of the chest when they realize someone is not breathing, that will give that person a better chance of survival. >> traditional training advises alternating compressions with mouth to mouth resuscitation. that remains the gold standard but people who have not been trained pannikin do not know what to do when someone collapses. -- panic and do not know what to do when someone collapses. it can make the difference between life and death. >> an extraordinary to six statistic. more on the way at the bbc.com.

you are watching bbc world news. the headlines this hour, in the first of the race for the presidential nomination, mitt romney beach rick santorum by eight votes. -- beats rick santorum by eight votes. two men will be sentenced for the racially motivated attack. let's stay on that story because at the old bailey courthouse in central london is where the trial of the killers has been taking place. a huge day yesterday. some people have called it a seminal day. >> it was a huge state. for the lawrence family, they saw it as justice for the last man involved in the fatal attack on their son. also a big day because it

enabled all of us to look at what policing was like then. the saving of the police said that point and how much they have changed since then, being chain -- shamed and changed their ways so black britons have access to justice that perhaps they did not 18 years ago. the sentencing is today. in about an hour, the justice who provided -- presided over the trial will hand down the sentences. >> there are three others who have been in the frame as well. what sense did you get from the police that they would actively continue to pursue the case against any other individuals? >> i think the will is there from the police and here outside the old bailey yesterday, we heard the acting deputy say that

if there was any opportunity to bring others to justice, the police would do so. to be realistic, there are no leaves. the evidence, the forensic evidence that have put these to in jail was gone over with a fine tooth comb. millions of pounds and man hours were dedicated to this case. they had gone over the closing of all of the -- clothing of all the suspects. they have to look for hairs, fibers, if they had any other suspects, they would have done so. >> thank you very much. let's go on to the other big story, the victory of mitt romney in the iowa caucus over rick santorum. you would be forgiven for not knowing much about him. a historian on american politics

says that despite the small margin of win, it is still significant. >> on the one hand, he had a 75% of people voting against him and turnout was low. that suggests that enthusiasm is pretty poor. on the other hand, his only main challenger, is rick santorum. the problem is santorum has no money or strengthen states that a coming up in the future. -- strengths thare are coming up in the future. >> is he the only recognized figure already in the running? any others are probably going to drop out now. >> with the exception of newt gingrich who is worth watching because he is pulling well in south carolina. he has a lot of support among

white southern conservatives. we should see him hang in the race for quite a while. i do not think the race will be over until february or march. >> timothy stanley there. another sign that all is not well in libya. a gunfight between rival militias left four people dead. >> a gun battle across one of tripoli's busiest streets. this time, not between rebels and gaddafi forces, but between melissa is -- militias. rebels controlling make compound -- a compound had come to free a group of prisoners according to witnesses. >> this incident occurred because of a dispute between fighters from misrata.

unfortunately, this dispute has led to the killing of four people. >> this militia has been taking control of the streets. the death of this young man shows how tough the challenge is. >> this happened after the revolution, not before. they said there would be a government. 23 fighters came to claim territory. they killed young boys. >> this is what the government wants to see more of -- a police presence is a rarity in the streets of a country dominated by weapons. more than two months after colonel gaddafi was captured and killed, power resides with the militias that ousted them. a police force is yet to be formed and the national army is still in its infancy. the city council has set a deadline for malicious to return to their homes but it was

ignored -- militias to return to their homes but it was ignored. >> can meditation reduce stress and chronic pain? on tuesday, we sort -- sought our correspondent learning to meditate. what would a brain scan showed? >> it, breed, watch your thoughts. -- sit, breathe, watch your thoughts. the object was to see if it reduced stress or chronic pain. so, had it? >> if i do a meditation practice, it is not that the pain goes away, it becomes more manageable and it is put in its

place. >> she wanted to look deeper. so we went to a narrow scientists -- neuroscientist. she was put into an emmri scanner. she was asked to meditate. the images are open to argument. on the left, you can see the area, the response areas created by pain. on the right-hand side, they had calmed down. >> this shows -- it is not that the pain goes. that is showing that. >> it is consistent. >> that is amazing.

>> what about me? when i meditated, an area at the front of my brain became less active, the area associated with self-centered this, that ego. >> it is definitely relax. i would not say this disappeared because remember we are looking at the comparison. >> did she see this pattern in anyone else? >> it has shifted from the frontal lobe and that is generally what i have seen in franciscan monks, for example, during meditation. >> i was not expecting that. the findings were worth a further investigation. we sent them to a researcher at another university who said something had called to the pain at work. pain network. the

>> that is clear from her images. >> i knew what it was doing. i use it all the time. it helps with my pain. there is something powerful about knowing there is a physical proof that it is working. >> it seems to work for them, doesn't it? if you are watching the bbc. >> make sense of international news. bbc.com/news. >> funding for this presentation is made possible by -- the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu newman's own foundation and union bank. >> you are no longer in the service. only an outsider can find the double agent. >> i'll do my utmost.

>> from john le carre -- >> all i want from you is one code name. >> it will take a master spy -- >> you are alone. >> you can't mention me. >> to catch a spy. >> you have to assume they're watching you. >> what the hell are you doing up here? >> things aren't always what they seem. >> "tinker tailor soldier spy." >> rated r. >> "bbc world news" was presented by kcet, los angeles.