tiger, i think everyone is dying to hear -- >> reporter: we're now live at congressional where tiger is about to accept the trophy. derek? >> tiger woods winning the second tournament in the last couple months and we're told he vaults to the stop of the fedex golf standing for the first time in 100 months, tiger woods accepting his win at the at&t national. >> that was a great battle today. there were a bunch of guys with the chance to win the title today going out, saw that a few guys played a really good front 9. adam played a really good round early and it was a very bunched leaderboard. there were some big putts made

at 15. i made a nice little bomb and bo just buried it right there on top of me, was a good putt and the next hole was darrening point because neither one of us -- a turning point because neither one of us probably should have birdied that hole and both made mistakes there and last couple holes were tough. for me that was a neat experience to be able to hit two really good shots coming the last two holes. i had to cut off the t in a little draw and in the second shot to have it turn out was fantastic, but i want to say thank you to at&t for everything and i really want to say thank you to all the maintenance staff and our foundation and everyone who is involved in yesterday's clean- up. [ applause ] >> i mean everyone, all the volunteers, everyone worked their tails off to get it so that we were able to play yesterday and we were so

thankful because yesterday was a dangerous situation if spectators were allowed to come in and we couldn't guarantee your safety and that's of utmost importance to us and i know that it was -- it felt like a lot of pent up energy out there today because everyone was so fired up from the very first hole on and it got louder and louder as we played and it was a fantastic atmosphere to play in front of and thank you for coming out and supporting us in this heat. it was hot as hell out there, but again thank you so much and look forward to seeing of one of you guys next year. thank you -- every one of you guys next year. thank you. >> a grateful tiger woods saying thank you to everybody who helped clean things up, as he noted fans not allowed at the at&t congressional yesterday because safety was paramount after storms knocked down so many trees and left a

lot of fragile branches up there. one programming note, if you're looking for 60 minutes, we'll join it in progress. 9 news now continues our coverage of the big storm from friday night and we are now starting to hear of some school closings. d.c. public schools closed tomorrow. they do have summer cool there. that won't happen. administrative sites will be open. essential employees should expect to go to work. both prince george's county and montgomery county schools are closed tomorrow. alexandria city schools are closed. we'll update that list on our website as we hear from more school jurisdictions. for the millions of customers still without power and everybody who has got power knows somebody who doesn't have it, no combination of air conditioning, rising temperatures is tough to deal with. dave owens visited an area today where patience is really running thin. >> reporter: northern virginia i-395 seminary road area, this is one of those pockets where most people are still in the dark. in fact, this high rise apartment behind me is going on about 40 hours of no power, no

ac. so as you can imagine, the people inside, frustrated. seminary towers is a beautiful place to live, but the last couple days have been what are have. >> it's rough. no -- have been harsh. >> it's rough. >> delerious. >> reporter: remnants of friday night's storms are everywhere. inside no power, no elevator and if you don't have a light, you're taking the stairs at your own risk. the hallways on each floor, pitch black and for those folks who live up on the top floors where the hot air is rising, whoa. >> it's been brutal. >> we're on the hotter side. we're close to hotter inside now with no breeze. >> i'm looking for updates here. i'm baking in my apartment. >> reporter: this resident shouted down at me from his fourth floor apartment and came down to let his voice be heard. >> here we are going on day two and a half. we're sitting there. emergency power is out in the

part. elevators are down. there's no lighting in the -- in the apartment. elevators are down. there's no lighting in the hallways. i've got to keep any flashlights with me. >> reporter: the common people in is simple. can someone get us some answers, please. >> dominion power has to do something with this! >> reporter: dave owens, 9 news now. >> tell us we're going to get a break, some good cool weather, please. >> no. well, yeah in the fall, but it's not going to be as hot foam. >> not as -- hat tomorrow. >> not as, you -- as hot tomorrow. >> not as, you mean 3 degrees, four? >> i laughed outside when i saw this. i don't know who sent it to me. i don't know that i would recommend doing this, but some dude decided to shave and plugged directly into the generator. i think he's okay, but that kind of says it all across the metro area when most folks still don't have any power. metro area somewhere, courtesy unknown, a great people, maybe

photograph out loud. keep them coming -- great picture, maybe laugh out loud. keep them coming. downtown 102, hit 99 at national, 1003 the old record in baltimore -- 103 the old record in baltimore. they hit 97. right now live look outside, quiet, pretty nice brought to you by live weather cam brought to you by michael and son. 95 now, dew point 61. that's cool. remember yesterday the dew points were in the low 70s. this we can kind of deal with, humidity 32%. we don't really have a heat index. in other words, we factor in the temperature with the humidity, it won't change this number. winds north, northwest at 15. that's why it's kind of dry. we've got another clump of thunderstorms, not as well organized as friday, but we'll watch these. they are moving southeastward and could roll through the metro later tonight especially south and east of town. we'll keep you posted. there are some watches for those storms in parts of kentucky and ohio and indiana.

right now 94 rockville, 92 great falls, 89 in fairfax. that sounds kind of nice, 92 springfield and 94 toward alexandria. here's the deal. we're kind of in this rinse and repeat thing. it's kind of the same old thing here. 90s stay with us all week, wham tonight, maybe a thunderstorm. again -- warm tonight, maybe a thunderstorm. again some of those could be hefty. monday we do it all over again, some of those heavy or severe. tonight partly cloudy, warm, heavy thunderstorm possible especially south, lows 66 to 76. some of us will make it into the 60s and nose of you without power, that will -- those of you without power, that will feel nice. tomorrow partly cloudy, warm, temperatures 70 to 90 by lunchtime winds northerly at 10 and by afternoon, partly cloudy, not as hot, a thunderstorm possible, 92 to 90 since and winds out of the northwest at 10, so a little bit better tomorrow. your day planner, 68 to 78 too

start, 88 to 90 -- to start, 88 to 92 by lunchtime and 92 to 90 since, maybe a thunderstorm by evening. the next three days, all yellow, pair of 94s monday and tuesday and 95 on wednesday, the 4th, maybe a thunderstorm, pretty typical july 4th forecast quite frankly. next seven days we go to 96 on thursday, maybe a thunderstorm possible and then 95 friday, upper 90s on saturday and back to the low 90s sunday and yes, we have a bolt every day. >> whoa, man. >> temperatures with 9 are higher every day. >> not good for those without power. we'll see you back here at 11:00. thanks for joining us. bye. >> bye, guys. >> your wusa9 iphone weather app driven by toyota, toyota, moving forward.

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motors that might be used to regulate spinning centrifuges, a fragile piece of equipment essential to the enrichment of uranium. and langner speculated publicly that stuxnet was out to sabotage iran's nuclear program. >> langner: we knew at this time that the highest number of infections had been reported in iran. and second, it was pretty clear, just by looking at the sophistication, that there would be at least one nation-state behind this.

you know, you just add one and one together. >> kroft: by the fall of 2010, the consensus was that iran's top-secret uranium enrichment plant at natanz was the target, and that stuxnet was a carefully constructed weapon designed to be carried into the plant on a corrupted laptop or thumb drive, then infect the system, disguise its presence, move through the network, changing computer code and subtly alter the speed of the centrifuges without the iranians ever noticing-- sabotage by software. >> ó murchú: stuxnet's entire purpose is to control centrifuges-- to make centrifuges speed up past what they're meant to spin at and to damage them. certainly, it would damage the uranium enrichment facility, and they would need to be replaced. >> kroft: if the centrifuges were spinning too fast, wouldn't the operators at the plant know that? >> ó murchú: stuxnet was able to prevent the operators from seeing that on their screen. the operators would look at the screen to see what's happening with centrifuges, and they wouldn't see that anything bad was happening.

>> kroft: it now seems likely that by the time ó murchú and langner finally unraveled the mystery in november of 2010, stuxnet had already accomplished at least part of its mission. months before the virus was first detected, inspectors from the international atomic energy agency had begun to notice that iran was having serious problems with its centrifuges at natanz. >> ó murchú: what we know is that an i.a.e.a. report said that 1,000 to 2,000 centrifuges were removed from natanz for unknown reasons. and we know that stuxnet targets 1,000 centrifuges. so from that, people are drawn to the conclusion, well, stuxnet got in and succeeded. that's the only evidence that we have. >> kroft: the only information that's not classified? >> ó murchú: yes. >> kroft: and there are lots of things about stuxnet that are still top secret. who was behind it? >> ó murchú: what we do know is that this was a very large operation. you're really looking at a government agency from some

country who is politically motivated, and who has the insider information from a uranium-enrichment facility that would facilitate building a threat like this. >> kroft: an intelligence agency, probably? >> ó murchú: probably. >> langner: we know from reverse engineering the attack codes that the attackers have full-- and i mean this literally-- full tactical knowledge of every damn detail of this plant. so you could say, in a way, they know the plant better than the iranian operator. >> kroft: we wanted to know what retired general michael hayden had to say about all this, since he was the c.i.a. director at the time stuxnet would have been developed. you left the cia in 2009? >> hayden: in 2009, right. >> kroft: does this surprise you that this happened? >> hayden: you need to separate my experience at cia with your question, all right? >> kroft: all right. you can't talk about the c.i.a. >> hayden: no, and i don't want to even suggest what may have been on the horizon, or not on the horizon, or anything like that. >> kroft: right. if you look at the countries that have the capability of

designing something like stuxnet, and you take a look at the countries that have... would have a motive for trying to destroy natanz... >> hayden: where do those two sets intersect? ( laughs ) >> kroft: you're pretty much left with the united states and israel. >> hayden: well, yes. but... but it... there is no good with someone of my background even speculating on that question, so i won't. >> kroft: iran's president, mahmoud ahmadinejad, shown here at natanz in 2008, blamed the cyber attack on "enemies of the state" and downplayed the damage. both the u.s. and israel maintain that it set back the iranian program by several years. what's impossible to know is how much damage the attackers might have inflicted if the virus had gone undetected and not been exposed by computer security companies trying to protect their customers. >> langner: they planned to stay in that plant for many years, and to do the whole attack in a completely covert manner. that anytime a centrifuge would

break, the operators would think, "this is, again, a technical problem that we have experienced, for example, because of poor quality of these centrifuges that we are using." >> ó murchú: we had a good idea that this was a blown operation, something that was never meant to be seen. it was never meant to come to the public's attention. >> kroft: you say blown, meaning? >> ó murchú: if you're running an operation like this to sabotage a uranium-enrichment facility, you don't want the code uncovered, you want it kept secret. and you want it just to keep working, stay undercover, do its damage and disappear, and hopefully nobody would ever see it. >> kroft: do you think this was a blown operation? >> hayden: no, not at all. i think it's an incredibly sophisticated operation. >> kroft: but general hayden did acknowledge that there are all sorts of potential problems and possible consequences that come with this new form of warfare. >> hayden: when you use a physical weapon, it destroys itself, in addition to the target, if it's used properly.

a cyber weapon doesn't. so there are those out there who can take a look at this, study it, and maybe even attempt to turn it to their own purposes. >> kroft: such as launching a cyber attack against critical infrastructure here in the united states. until last fall, sean mcgurk was in charge of protecting it as head of cyber defense at the department of homeland security. he believes that stuxnet has given countries like russia and china, not to mention terrorist groups and gangs of cyber criminals for hire, a textbook on how to attack key u.s. installations. >> sean mcgurk: you can download the actual source code of stuxnet now, and you can re- purpose it and repackage it and then, you know, point it back towards wherever it came from. >> kroft: sounds a little bit like pandora's box. >> mcgurk: yes. >> kroft: whoever launched this attack... >> mcgurk: they opened up the box. they demonstrated the capability. they showed the ability and the desire to do so. and it's not something that can be put back. >> kroft: if somebody in the government had come to you and said, "look, we're thinking about doing this.

what do you think?" what would you have told them? >> mcgurk: i would have strongly cautioned them against it because of the unintended consequences of releasing such a code. >> kroft: meaning that other people could use it against you? >> mcgurk: yes. >> kroft: or use their own version of the code. >> mcgurk: something similar-- "son of stuxnet," if you will. >> kroft: as a result, what was once abstract theory has now become a distinct possibility. if you can do this to an uranium-enrichment plant, why couldn't you do it to a nuclear power reactor in the united states or an electric company? >> ó murchú: you could do that to those facilities. it's not easy. it's a difficult task, and that's why stuxnet was so sophisticated, but it could be done. >> langner: you don't need many billions, you just need a couple of millions. and this would buy you a decent cyber attack, for example, against the u.s. power grid. >> kroft: if you were a terrorist group or a failed nation-state, and you had a couple of million dollars, where would you go to find the people that knew how to do this?

>> langner: on the internet. >> kroft: they're out there? >> langner: sure. >> kroft: most of the nation's critical infrastructure is privately owned and extremely vulnerable to a highly sophisticated cyber weapon like stuxnet. >> i can't think of another area in homeland security where the threat is greater and we've done less. >> kroft: after several failures, congress is once again trying to pass the nation's first cyber security law. and once again, there is fierce debate over whether the federal government should be allowed to require the owners of critical infrastructure to improve the security of their computer networks. whatever the outcome, no one can say the nation hasn't been warned. >> go to 60minutesovertime.com to hear about copycat stuxnet hackers. dark roast forest fresh full tank brain freeze cake donettes rolling hot dogs bag of ice anti-freeze

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>> simon: the arab revolution has taken many twists and turns since it started a year and a half ago, and has left chaos and murder and some hope in its wake. but one country has been untouched by all that, the tiny speck of a nation called qatar, wedged between saudi arabia and iran. as we first reported last january, there have been no protests or demonstrations there. that might be because the 250,000 qatari citizens are the richest people in the world, and there are no taxes. there isn't much democracy, either, but qataris don't seem to mind. the same family has ruled them for 150 years, and life couldn't be much better. today, qatar is not only wealthy-- it's powerful, admired, or feared by everyone in the middle east. that's because of its television network, al jazeera, which has been the engine of the arab

spring. the man behind it, the man behind everything there, is his highness sheikh hamad bin khalifa al thani, the emir of qatar. the emir is the master of everything he surveys. all around him, revolutions are swirling, regimes are teetering, dictators falling. yet his desert country is an oasis of tranquility. you are surrounded, emir, by revolution. we call it the "arab spring." how have you managed to avoid it? >> emir sheikh hamad bin khalifa: we have started our "qatari spring" a long time ago. >> simon: to be precise, 17 years ago, when the emir overthrew his father in a palace coup and started creating a country which could startle anyone living anywhere else. i think americans are going to be shocked about a few things here: that there are no taxes. electricity is free, health care

is free, education is free. sounds like a paradise. >> khalifa: well, i welcome you in this paradise. >> simon: the emir's paradise is rising from the sands along the western edge of the arabian gulf. in doha, qatar's capital, entire new neighborhoods have been built on land reclaimed from the sea. and the buildings have one thing in common-- bling. doha's skyline looks like it was designed by architects who didn't talk to each other, didn't like each other, and engaged in experiments they could never get away with at home. and a qatari can live anywhere without ever leaving home. a virtual venice is around the corner. rodeo drive is down the block. and there are world class restaurants in the ancient arab souk, which was built five years ago. fahad al attiyah, one of the royal family's army of advisers, took us for a drive. you were born here?

>> fahad al attiyeh: yes, born in qatar. >> simon: there wasn't any of this? >> fahad al attiyeh: there wasn't, yes. >> simon: nothing? >> fahad al attiyeh: nothing. >> simon: how far back do you have to go-- your grandfather, or your great-grandfather lived in tents? >> al attiyeh: my father. >> simon: your father lived in a tent? >> al attiyeh: yes. the amazing thing, it is my father's generation that transitioned from living in a tent to living in an urban environment, from commuting on a camel to commuting in a 747. and that transition within such a short period of time is astonishing. >> simon: the work is being done by a million-man army of immigrants. 94% of qatar's labor force is foreign-- filipinos, indians, nepalese, mainly-- creating a home for a mere 250,000 qataris. paying for it? no problem. qatar sits on top of the third largest natural gas reserves on the planet. a new plant called "the pearl" turns those reserves into liquid fuels.

it cost $18 billion and took five years to build. it is the largest, most sophisticated plant of its kind, and the centerpiece of the emir's strategy to keep qatar rich. when we ran into him at its inauguration, he seemed genuinely proud. well, congratulations. now, you've got the biggest plant in the world. >> khalifa: oh, that's great, and i'm happy that they finish it. >> simon: indeed. on time, too. time is a precious commodity here-- everything's happening at once. they're finishing a new hospital the qataris say will be one of the most advanced in the world. there's a new concert hall with a new symphony orchestra. the emir imported the musicians. six american universities have built campuses here, offering american degrees in the heart of the middle east. the museum of islamic art, with a billion-dollar collection, opened recently. admission, of course, is free.

>> sheik hamid bin jasim: everything is free. that become, like, a part of our culture. >> simon: sheik hamid bin jasim is qatar's prime minister. >> jasim: even when the... people died, they were... we take care of them. >> simon: free funerals? ( laughs ) >> jasim: yes. >> simon: from cradle to grave... >> jasim: yes, yes. >> simon: ...everything's taken care of. >> jasim: that's... that's... we can make a logo. >> simon: this is a pretty good place to live. >> jasim: yes. we are living in good environments. let us pray that problems around us cool down. >> simon: those problems-- the chaos, violence and killings throughout the middle east-- are not cooling down at all. and many arab leaders say, to a large extent, it is the emir's fault. that's because of the television network he created 15 years ago. it's called al jazeera, and it does something unprecedented in the arab world. it covers the news. it's on the air 24 hours a day, broadcasts in arabic and

english, and is widely considered to be the engine of the arab spring. >> khalifa: i believe we made a good reform. >> simon: this was the first and the only network in the arab world that was independent. everyone else was just doing what their government told them to do. >> khalifa: of course, it caused us a lot of problem with the top people in the arab countries. >> simon: you say that al jazeera created problems for some leaders in the middle east. it created big problems. it got them overthrown. >> khalifa: well, i... i'm not sure if it's al jazeera was behind this. >> simon: he may not be sure, but others are. egyptians watched the tunisian revolution live on al jazeera, discussed it on facebook, and took to the streets. libyans watched the egyptians, yemenis watched the libyans, and the syrians watched them all.

al jazeera has become the region's only real reality show. >> faisal al qasim: we arabs have been fond, over the years, of hiding our dirt under the carpet. >> simon: faisal al qasim is the host of one of al jazeera's most popular talk shows. >> qasim: we are here to reveal everything, to cover everything. that's why they don't like us. we are talking here about arab governments, arab regimes. i'm not talking about the arab people. the arab people love al jazeera. >> simon: egyptians sure loved it last year. thousands of protesters in tahrir square watched themselves and their own revolution live on al jazeera. >> qasim: and nobody can negate the fact that al jazeera played a big role in what happened in egypt at the time. >> simon: here at al jazeera, are you covering the news or do you have an agenda? >> qasim: what is wrong with transforming the arab world from tyranny and despotism into a democracy? what's wrong with that?

if there is an agenda, it's a very good agenda. >> simon: critics charge that al jazeera is not completely independent, that it's part of the emir's plan to increase his clout in the region, something he's hesitant to admit. >> khalifa: actually, we don't have the influence. we are supporting the people of those countries who is asking for justice and dignity. >> simon: that's influence. >> khalifa: okay, if this is influence, i think this is a healthy influence. i think all the world should support this. >> simon: it was the emir's support that made it possible for the french, the british, and the americans to form a nato coalition to overthrow the libyan tyrant, moammar qaddafi. the allies said they wouldn't do it without an arab partner. the emir deployed six war planes to help enforce the no-fly zone, gave the rebels millions of dollars of weapons and military hardware, and didn't conceal where they came from.

when qaddafi's compound finally fell, qatar's flag could be seen flying over the ruins. >> this is the first fruitful coalition between the arabs and the nato to help an arab country. >> simon: how did you feel when you saw the qatari flag go up over qaddafi's old compound? >> khalifa: well, i believe that leaders should limit their stays. that's where the problem's happening. >> simon: that didn't really answer our question, so we tried again. how did you feel when you saw the qatari flag go up in tripoli? >> i was trying to get out of this question. >> simon: no kidding. ( chuckles ) >> yes. seriously, i was trying to get... well, i'm proud that we... we help the libyan people. let us put it this way. >> simon: must've been a great moment for you. >> it is... it is a new experience for us. >> simon: so is the emir's emergence as the most influential leader in the arab world. in england, he was hosted by the queen.

and last april, president obama thanked him for helping promote democracy in the middle east. but the emir also has good relations with hamas, the militant palestinian group that runs gaza, which the u.s. labels a terrorist organization. do the americans ever come to you and say, "hey, will you cut it out with hamas? it's really bothering us?" >> khalifa: they didn't like our relation with iran, with hamas, with hezbollah. but maybe if you go to the other side, the iranian, they don't like to see our relation with israel. hamas, they don't want to see our relation with israel. so it's... it's completely mixed. >> simon: the emir appears to have no ideology and, critics say, no loyalties. when his close personal friend, syrian president assad, refused to stop killing his people, the emir abandoned him. today, he talks tougher than any other world leader on what should be done in syria. would you be in favor of arab nations intervening in syria?

>> khalifa: i think for... for such a situation, to stop the killing, we have some... some troops should go to stop the killing. >> simon: the killing is worlds away from qatar. what you see here is contentment. there have been no protests, no calls for democracy. after all, what could an opposition offer that qataris don't already have? but the emir just bought himself some additional insurance. he raised the salaries of all qatari government workers by 60%; soldiers and policemen got 120%. the prime minister insists this has nothing to do with politics. >> jasim: we have one obsession, is how to continue to let the people live in the same standard. that's very difficult target. we are trying to do that target. >> simon: excellency, can you think of any other country in the world that has a better standard of living?

>> jasim: well, there is good living standard in many places in the world. but the main thing is what sort of quality of people you produce. we would like our people not to be spoiled by this. we need our children not to be spoiled by this. that's, i think, the big challenge for us. >> simon: and there's a bigger challenge-- here is qatar's military on parade at last december's national day celebrations. picturesque, but not very intimidating, not when your next door neighbors are iran and saudi arabia. so how does the emir keep his island of happiness afloat, when the seas are getting rougher every day? it often seems as if the basis of your foreign policy is to be friends with everyone. >> khalifa: don't you think this is a good policy for a small country? >> simon: yes, it is, if you can pull it off. ( laughter ) >> khalifa: well, we are trying.

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>> stahl: just a couple of shavings of black truffles from france, known as black diamonds, can cost hundreds of dollars in a restaurant in paris. white truffles from italy can cost more than three times as much. truffles are a fancy, delicious delicacy, some say an aphrodisiac; and as we first reported in january, they're, ounce-for-ounce, the most expensive food in the world. if you go to france and italy, as we did, you learn quickly that truffles are under siege. because they're becoming scarce, they're being trafficked like

drugs, stolen by thugs, and threatened by inferior imports from china. he found one already? where, where, where? he found one? oh, my god. oh, smell that. in the beautiful italian province of perugia, truffle hunters roam the frosty hills, with their trained dogs, who sniff out these lumpy mushrooms when they're ripe, one at a time, as they have for centuries. wow. truffles grow wild, underground, usually at the base of an oak tree. they used to use pigs, but they ate the truffles. >> olga urbani: very rich american people, they only see truffles on the table of a very elegant restaurant. they don't see this. now, you know why they are expensive, right? >> stahl: olga urbani may be the only person in the world who goes truffle hunting in a full- length fur coat and a caribbean tan.

but in the truffle business, she can pretty much do what she wants. her company, urbani, controls 70% of the world's truffle trade. >> urbani: when you find the truffles, it's like to have a miracle. >> stahl: another one. other countries, including the u.s., have tried cultivating truffles, with only limited success. it's the combination of european red soil and rainy summers that produce an especially rich, earthy flavor. the price these truffles command makes hunters act like they're mining for gold. >> stahl: so this is $1,000? just right there is $1,000? and it's why the hunters value their dogs more than just about anything. >> urbani: he said, "i really love my wife, but i... the dog,

i like much better." >> stahl: these truffles will go right to the urbani factory, where they're washed, sorted, and either frozen or canned, or flown fresh to fancy restaurants like new york's db bistro moderne, home of the $150 hamburger, smothered with truffles. a few shavings on pasta can run you even more. at an auction in macao in 2010, this two-pound white truffle sold for $330,000, a record amount. it's not like agriculture. people don't put a seed in the ground. and they're a fungus. >> urbani: yes, they're underground fungus, yes. >> stahl: so the farmer really can't make it happen. >> urbani: no, they can't do anything. we can't do anything. you're always on the phone, many telephones, saying, "sorry, sorry, i don't have, i don't have." i wish i had 100 tons a day to make everybody happy. ♪ ♪ >> stahl: in france, the truffle is so revered that, in the

village of uzeès, a special mass is held in its honor. churchgoers not only put money in the collection plate, they also add truffles. there's a reason for the special prayers-- because of climate change, the harvests are down from an annual haul of 2,000 tons of truffles 100 years ago to just 30 tons today. the scarcity and high prices have attracted elements of organized crime, who've turned the truffle trade into something resembling the drug trade. >> bruno ( translated ): the reality is, behind the popularity of the truffle lies a dangerous world. my house is your house. >> stahl: one of europe's most famous truffle connoisseurs is the larger-than-life french chef and restaurateur known simply as bruno. is it like the mafia? >> bruno: yes. >> stahl: really? >> bruno: yes, it's a good name? yes, the mafia, yes. you understand?

it's very dangerous for me. >> stahl: at bruno's restaurant in the heart of provence, wealthy europeans helicopter in from paris and monaco just to eat lunch. bruno goes through about five tons of truffles a year, which his chefs shave on everything from potatoes to this amazing lobster dish. but bruno says the growing black market has led to people coming to his place not just to eat truffles, but to steal them. the robbers came and got your truffles? >> bruno: yes, they stole 200 kilos of truffles. >> stahl: 200 kilos from you? >> bruno: they didn't steal my money, they stole my truffles. >> stahl: some of the stolen truffles, we were told, are brought to markets like this one in richerenches, where middle men sell out of the backs of cars or trucks. but large quantities change hands in back alleys. we witnessed this transaction where the buyers and sellers

wanted their identities hidden. in less than a minute, 50 pounds of truffles were exchanged for 30,000 euros-- about $40,000-- with no questions asked about where the truffles came from. >> michel tournaye ( translated ): there's a problem of confidentiality and secrecy. and that encourages a mafia-like attitude. >> stahl: michel tournaye, a third-generation truffle farmer, says that local trufflers have been car-jacked, beaten with baseball bats, and even killed. thieves came and stole his truffles, his trees, and worse, his dogs. when they took your dogs, what did you do? >> tournaye: i looked for them all over europe. i found a world i didn't know about. it's a world that's rotten to the core. >> stahl: did you find your dogs? >> tournaye: never. >> stahl: but it's not criminals

or climate change that worry the trufflers the most, it's china. for years, chinese farmers used truffles as feed for their pigs. that was until a businessman supposedly said, "the hell with the pigs. let's feed the french." even if the taste of a chinese truffle leaves something to be desired. let's talk about the chinese truffles. >> bruno: catastrophe. >> stahl: catastrophic? why? >> bruno: the chinese truffle is worthless-- no taste and no smell. >> stahl: no perfume, you couldn't smell it. nothing. >> stahl: no taste? if i went to china and took it out of the ground, it still wouldn't taste as good? >> olga: it's the truffle itself. it's like eating a piece of wood. >> stahl: she says that's because of the way truffles in china are farmed. unlike in france, where dogs smell when a truffle is ripe, the chinese rake at the earth with no dogs-- as a cbs news producer in china discovered-- and harvest the truffles the minute they find them. which explains why, while the

two truffles look the same, the price is drastically different. >> urbani: prices of winter truffles is about $1,000 a pound; a pound of chinese, maybe $20, $30. there are many people, bad people, who mix them. so maybe they put 30% of chinese, 70% of... >> stahl: and they think you won't see it? on the day we were at the urbani factory, sorters found a number of chinese truffles mixed in with that day's purchases. they were separated out into specially marked red baskets. more and more, chinese truffles are slipped in with the good french or italian strains. experts say it's like cutting flour into cocaine. but look, your own farmers or middle men are putting the chinese in with your truffles. >> urbani: yes. >> stahl: you're telling us you have to be on guard, not from the chinese, but from your own

people. >> urbani: yeah, i know. >> stahl: and then, you're selling them. >> urbani: i know. >> stahl: food importers and middle men are bringing 28 tons of chinese truffles into france a year. and many are being passed off as the real thing in some french restaurants. michel tournaye says he's brought home some slices from his dinners out, and studied them under a microscope in his lab at home to check their origins. tournaye has tried to blow the whistle on the restaurants that sell chinese truffles at french prices, but the police have more important matters on their plate and rarely do anything about it. 28 tons of chinese truffles come into france every year. where do they go? >> bruno: i think i know where they go, but i'm not going to tell you. >> stahl: if you tell me, you're in trouble-- is what you're saying? they'll hurt you? >> bruno: everybody is in danger in this business.

>> stahl: so we began to look for chinese truffles ourselves. we found this product that is exported to the u.s. on the front of the can, it says "black winter truffles; product of france," while on the back, in small print, it says "tuber indicum," the latin name for chinese truffles. ♪ ♪ when we showed one of the cans to the urbanis at a kitchen at their headquarters, it seemed to ruin their lunch. >> urbani: this makes us crazy. this destroys all the tradition of the truffle. it's an entire life that goes in the garbage. it's unbelievable. >> stahl: american law doesn't require a distinction between varieties of truffles, and this product does sell for considerably less than the best of france. but american consumers are being

deceived into thinking they're getting the finest quality at a bargain price. the owner of this brand is pierre jean pebyre. >> stahl: this is your company, right? >> pierre jean pebyre: yes. >> stahl: okay, so we found this in the united states. >> pebyre: yes. >> stahl: okay, so this says, "black winter truffles." >> pebyre: yes. >> stahl: but it's chinese. >> pebyre: it's chinese, yes. this is... tin, a french product. the truffles... if i make the tin in china, it's a chinese truffle. >> stahl: i'm stunned. he was saying that, since the truffles are packaged here, he can legally write "product of france" on the label. it feels like i'm being tricked into thinking i'm buying french truffles, you know? >> pebyre: yes, i understand. >> stahl: and there's another problem-- spores from the chinese truffles are infecting the european soil and taking it over the way the kudzu weed has

taken over parts of our own southeast. it began to happen in italy, so the italians made importing chinese truffles illegal, and there's a move in france to do the same. >> tournaye: they are putting into danger the crown jewel of french gastronomy. if one day, by accident, our plantation starts producing chinese truffles, we are dead. >> stahl: the great fear for michel tournaye and the other trufflers in france is that the chinese will do to their precious delicacy what they have done to louis vuitton bags, produce a knock-off that looks the same, but is of lower quality. but in this case, it could just put them out of business. how do you know it's summer time? well, i'm flipping burgers and talking about the ford summer sales event. "oh, wow." "now this would definitely be the car i would want to get." like the fusion? "we love the fusion." mileage matters? "absolutely." up to 33 miles per gallon.

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>> kroft: i'm steve kroft. we'll be back next week with another edition of "60 minutes." ♪

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