england and jets game. what a wild one we've had here. jim nantz, phil simms, tracy wolfson. 2:29 to go. tied at 32-32 and third and a long yard for the raiders. murray picks it up. and if you're just joining us, this was a 1-point lead for the raiders at the intermission, then carr got hurt, dislocated, it appeared, a pinky on missed a series. during all that time the panthers were starting their comeback, including later on an 88-yard touchdown pass from cam newt on the ginn and then the raiders were suddenly down eight, only to come back and tie with it a touchdown and a two. so the drive continues first and goal. a drive that began back at their own 13. ?

? ? ("le freak" plays throughout) freak out ? ? ? for me? oh my... (gasps) what is it? it's samsung gear vr. you put it in there... ohhh... (gasps) (laughs) this is crazy! oh my gosh! (screams) wow. (sighs) (laughter) you've gotta try this. ? introducing the reuben from subway a sandwich as full of intrigue as it is flavor.

and some insist it was hollywood starlet marjorie rambeau in a fit of crazed hunger. seriously. the reuben's past may be debatable, but its great taste is not. stacked with lean corned beef, bavarian-style sauerkraut, swiss cheese, and thousand island dressing on new freshly-baked rye bread. we don't know where it came from, but we know where you can get it. only at subway. jim: here are some of the numbers, as we've played 58 minutes here and the raiders have it first and goal to go.

give it to murray and he runs right into the arms of short. carolina, leaving them with one. phil: if you're a carolina fan, you might be going let them score, give us more time and time-outs. no, they're doing the right thing with two time-outs. that took two five seconds. let's say they run it again. you call a time-out. you call a time-out. it's 1:50 to go. that would take it down to 1:10. that would give cam newton, best-case scenario around one minute or 55 seconds to get into position to get a game-tying field goal depending on what's here. jim: it's been a magnificent second half for cam newton. next week, regional action, the main game houston at lambeau

it all begins at nfl today at noon eastern. phil: do you agree with that scenario? jim: i do. came out of the two-minute warning, the panthers had two. they just used one. you have to play it out. you're right. second and goal. and it is incomplete. that was andre holmes and still to go. they decided to go up top. phil: i think they were trying to throw a screen inside but it was not there. then he had to come off it to his left side. he wanted to throw it the measurey. nice, safe play. even if you complete it they tackle and you the clock keeps

jim: third and goal. it's incomplete! it was klein on the coverage and no flag and janikowski is coming on to the field. phil: he had what he wanted. just threw it too quick and a.j. klein, they have -- they are putting him in tough spots. it's a little stop and move and three times today, we've seen this defense -- that's asking a lot of a.j. klein to cover receivers in the middle of the field one-on-one. jim: how happy do the panthers have to be? they didn't run it on second down. still have 1:45 to go. janikowski nails it. 35-32 oakland.

calling, once they threw it on second down, it was incomplete. they were forced to throw it on third to try to score and go up. but the second down play i couldn't disagree with it. a little screen, it's safe. would have kept the clock moving if they didn't score. so you can second guess those play calls but i'm not. but to go back to a.j. klein, jim. all those situations they're putting h luke kuechly usually. jim: tonight on cbs, "60 minutes" with its story on the groundbreaking study on as heimer's. then all-new episodes of ncis, madam secretary, cbs. so the raiders vinleder a 17-point halftime lead. go down eight after 25 unanswered by carolina and then

unanswered to take a three-point lead. janikowski has just converted his 200th all-time field goal at home. phil: well, jack del rio knows an his offense. still has question marks about his defense. this is where you have an offense in a certain situation and you have to have some closers on the defensive side to get it done. jim: have not gone all that deep, but this one does, however. beautifully done. janikowski earning the touchback. phil: in this second half, cam newton has been throwing the football absolutely magnificently. he's made some big-time throws. been right on the money. jim: one of the key things he

, people don't understand a team changes its identity every year. the last year, one of the trademarks of the team that went 15-1, they pulled out games like this. that has not been the case this year. all of those near misses we referred to in the worlds of ron rivera. could that change here today? first down. complete. and olsen has hold of it to the 45. phil: what a route by greg olsen. he goes down the field, goes outside and then breaks it back in. watch this move outside, stop. cam newton was looking at him the whole way. great drive starter right there. jim: olsen's 600th career catch

huge chunks to try to get into range at the least for a gano-tying field goal but with designs on something much bigger than that with 1:15 to go. phil: we've watched it. cam newton has got it going flowing the football now. so if you're going to play soft coverage and break on the ball, get there before he throws a fastball in there, it's not going to work. thrown away. as mack was applying push. -- push. phil: khalil mack gets some pressure. make -- maybe saves a big completion. what a move that time. newton knows the pressure is coming and just gets rid of it. khalil mack can overpower you,

that was a great spin move. jim: for nose just joining us, mack had a pick six right before halftime. second and 10. the chase is on and he is forced to just throw it away. it was bruce irvin along with mack. busting up the play. phil: bruce irvin this way. mack on the other side. khalil mack, that san awesome job of sng bruce irvin is chasing cam newton. so cam newton has to -- no choice but to throw it out of bounds. jim: they have two downs to pick up 10 yards. and newton takes the final

not where you wanted to use your final time-out but not happy with what he saw. phil: yeah, but it's the right thing to do. the clock was running down. they were having trouble gettling the formation they wanted and really all rivera is looking for here, give us a good field goal try. jim: ron rivera who agree up a little more than of here in the monterey area and he was a raider fan. jim plunkett was his hero. he has family members who are raider die hearts -- die-hards, come to many of the games. phil: the raiders doinlts have to blitz because they have two terrific outdoor pass rushers. khalil mack and irvin so they

middle of the field and off the hands of greg ol' sewn. -- olsen. phil: aggressive throw, 88, greg olsen going right down the middle of the field. a little bumpy. just enough where he couldn't get both hands clearly on the ot that would have been an unbelievable catch. jim: fourth and 10. it would have to be a 62-yard field goal. too far back. they're going to go for it. fourth and 10. game on the line. in trouble! and the raiders end it!

phil: this is what you have when you have outside pass rushers like mack and irvin. obvious desperate passing situations. they can finish the game. capitol hill mack on this side. here he comes. just overpowered trea turner. jim: this is very similar to what we saw not that far in here in super bowl 5 miller who was coming off that same edge wreak havoc on newton. carr with the glove on one hand, wedding ring on the other. and the raiders about to win their fifth in a row. phil: we talk about it, this will give you confidence. gives you faith. your quarterback gets hurt, the game turns around and they found a way to win it and khalil mack

stripped cam newton. jim: well, the raiders to go to 9-2. to stay in that current first position in the a.f.c. same record as the patriots. have a strength of schedule advantage at the moment. and this old some old magic in it. it's the 50th year of the oakland coliseum. and it's come back to life with these young raiders. they've got their first winning season since 2002 with the victory today. phil: khalil mack.

have a finisher on the defensive side. jim: 35-32, oakland victory. cbs tonight, "60 minutes" then all-new ncis: los angeles, madam secretary and elementary. for phil and tracy, jim nantz saying so long from oakland. you've been watching the nfl on cbs. oh, that's lovely... so graceful. flawless... ...his signature move, the flying dutchman. poetry in motion. and there it is, the "baby bird". breathtaking. a sumo wrestler figure skating? surprising. what's not surprising? how much money heather saved by switching to geico.

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captioning funded by cbs and ford. we go further, so you can. >> this is the headline i saw in the new york times this morning when i got up here in your city. what's your reaction? >> it's a surprise. it's a great surprise. yesterday i spoke with the president elect. >> you spoke with trump? >> yes. >> did he call you or you called him? >> i called him. >> he's the prime minister of

big drama in this tumultuous political year. a potential change in his beautiful but inefficient country that will have ramifications across europe. >> "60 minutes" has traveled to a lot of far off places to tell a lot of incredible stories. but on this trip to the colombian country side we ran smack into a medical detective story, that may end up affecting someone you know and love. after years of research on a unique population of patients, a multimillion dollar nih-backed study has begun to see if the dreaded alzheimer's disease may be preventable. >> if it makes a difference for them, i think there's a reasonable chance it could make a difference for all the rest of people who get alzheimer's disease. >> i'm steve croft. >> i'm leslie stahl. >> i'm scott pelley. >> i'm charlie rose,.

back at a rare moment with fidel castro, tonight on "60 minutes." >> cbs money watch, sponsored by american express open. >> quijano: good evening. cyber monday is expected to be the largest online shopping day in history. opec ministers are meeting in vienna on wednesday to discuss plans to cut oil output. and friday the labor department is expected to report 170,000 jobs were add this month.

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>> rose: italy is the stage for the next big drama in this tumultuous political year. next sunday, italians will go to the polls to vote on a referendum driven by matteo renzi, italy's brash and charismatic prime minister. he wants to reduce the size of italy's senate by two-thirds-- literally getting rid of

italy, and himself. renzi argues that italy has changed governments 63 times in 70 years, and trimming the size of government will help bring order to chaos and move the country into the 21st century. the vote will have implications for all of europe, and hinges on the considerable political skills of a modern-day macchiavelli-- a 41-year old former mayor of florence, who is the youngest prime minister in italy's history. ( bells ) we met matteo renzi in his hometown of florence, where the renaissance was born, and where it flourished. >> matteo renzi: this is-- >> rose: he insisted on conducting the interview in the magnificent palazzo vecchio, the old palace, in a room with a view.

after donald trump had stunned the world. this is the headline i saw in "the new york times" this morning, when i got up here in your city. what's your reaction? >> renzi: it's a surprise. ( laughs ) it's a great surprise. yesterday, i spoke with the president elected. >> rose: you spoke with trump? >> renzi: yes. i called-- >> rose: did he call you, or you called him? >> renzi: i called him. and because the president elected deserves a call from the prime minister of italy. good, good luck for, for the next years. >> rose: did you remind him that you had supported his opponent? >> renzi: but we don't discuss about it. but it's normal. it's the, the great, the great play of democracy. >> rose: matteo renzi finds himself at the center of a great play of democracy. italians will vote on december 4 on a referendum he initiated. it would change italy's

>> renzi: italy is incredible. because italy is the country with 950 members of parliament. the double of the united states of america. >> rose: the u.s. has 435 members of the house, and 100 members of the senate. >> renzi: in italy, the number are 630 in the chamber, and in the senate, 315. >> rose: a "yes" vote would reduce the senate to 100 members, who would be appointed and not elected. renzi believes the change is needed because the senate is the graveyard of legislation in italy. >> renzi: this referendum is not a referendum to change democracy in italy. it is a referendum to reduce bureaucracy in italy. italy is the worst country for bureaucracy around the world. and this is very important. if we have a system with a lot

years. >> rose: 63 governments in 70 years! >> renzi: exactly. because we have a system in the hands of bureaucracy. everything is difficult. everything is complicated. and my idea is simply, give simplicity to italy. >> rose: renzi is known as the demolition man in italy, because he wants to scrae he's already passed a bill that makes it easier to hire and fire workers. renzi argues that with a leaner senate, he can streamline the way italy is run. history is italy's richest asset, but its present is hampered by a bloated and inefficient state. italy's economy hasn't grown for two decades. the unemployment rate is nearly 12%. italians still know how to enjoy

many italians are suspicious of renzi's motives for the referendum. >> virginia raggi: this is crazy. this is madness. this is ridiculous. democracy is the right that people have to choose their, their representative. >> rose: virginia raggi is the new mayor of rome, who came to office with little political experience. her party opposes renzi's constitutional reform. >> raggi: he doesn't want to change the country.he >> rose: that's an incredible accusation to make. more power to do what? >> raggi: what he wants. maybe, all the laws that he want to do without havin' a great opposition from the parliament. >> rose: beppe severgnini is one of italy's leading columnists. he says renzi personalized the referendum early on, by threatening to quit if the "no" vote prevailed. >> beppe severgnini: and of

his opponents, everywhere-- the left, the right, the center, whatever-- we, even within his party. so, in practice, it's a referendum on matteo renzi and it's him against everyone else. >> rose: it's become a vote about you. and that's not good. >> renzi: yes. this is, was my mistake in the first days of the electoral campaign. i understand the mistake. i don't-- i don't accept that people who say, "oh, politicians have to, refuse to admit the no. i am an, i am a man. i can make some mistakes. >> rose: if you can trust them, the polls show the "no" vote slightly ahead. there have been weekly rallies against renzi and his referendum, some of which have turned violent-- >> rose: --while others have been simply passionate. >> si o no? >> no! >> rose: even in his native florence, where banners at a recent rally read, "renzi go

in office for a little over two and a half years, matteo renzi is now seen as the establishment, the vessel for people to vent their anger, in a year when discontented voters are saying no to those in power. >> renzi: after the victory of trump, a lot of italian populists, "ah, we won!" >> rose: they said trump was a vote for "no." >> renzi: yes. but if trump won in michigan or in pennsylvania, it's not the same thing in lombardia or >> rose: europe is nervous. already rattled this year by the shock of the brexit vote, the european union needs stability in italy, a country notorious for its instability. ? ? ? and president obama, with an eye perhaps on boosting renzi before the referendum, last month invited renzi and his wife agnese to the white house for the final state dinner of the obama years.

if renzi pulls out a victory next week, it will likely be because he is a relentless campaigner and a master of operatic stagecraft. >> rose: with his tuscan swagger and a florentine ease with the italian language, he is racing around italy like a man who has consumed one double espresso too many. renzi is a natural politician. he is trying to convinis people that a "yes" vote is the best chance for italy to move forward. here's what i hear from you, sitting here in this remarkable place of history. "i love italy so much, i want to change it in order to make sure it can be all that it can." >> renzi: the message is exactly that. after two years and a half, in my chair in rome as prime

about the potential role of my country. >> rose: from a young age, renzi was the smartest person in the room. >> rose: at age 19, he won over $30,000 on the italian version of "wheel of fortune." by age 34, he became the mayor of florence. in 2014, despite not being a member of parliament, he managed to assume the prime minister's seat without winning an election. it was a move worthy of his fellow florentine, macchiavelli, whose name for five centuries has defined the gaining of political advantage. we are in this city of florence. the home of macchiavelli. >> renzi: yes. not only macchiavelli. not only. macchiavelli worked exactly in the other room. >> rose: he worked in there? >> renzi: yes. and there is the portrait of macchiavelli now. >> rose: but macchiavelli was about power. and the exercise of power.

>> renzi: macchiavelli... ( sigh ) --is hated in italy. because macchiavelli is the representation as a man who used every way to achieve the power. but i think, macchiavelli is one of the symbol of italian intelligence. >> both: this is the portrait of hi >> rose: renzi is self-aware, and self-deprecating. but the joke in italy is that renzi's ego is so huge, the entrances to the palazzo vecchio had to be enlarged to accommodate it. here is what some of my journalistic friends have said to me. "he's a man in a hurry." >> renzi: uh-huh. >> rose: "talks too much. has tried to do a lot in two and a half years." but they remind me that your

( laughs ) >> renzi: it's true. he told me! ( laughs ) it's very funny. but yes, i, i am a man in arena as president roosevelt. >> rose: teddy roosevelt said the man in the arena deserves the credit. >> renzi: i'm not interested to change about the government. i'm interested to change the conditions for the people. so, yes, i talk a lot. but i think this is the only way for italy in this moment. >> rose: suppose you lose? >> renzi: for me, it's not important. i'm a free man. i'm not as the old politicians in italy. the old politicians maintain the chair for a lot of decades. so if we will lose the referendum, this is not a problem for me. it's a problem for the new generation of italians. because it's a lost opportunity. >> rose: if it's a "yes" vote,

very careful. we have to find a way to, to anchor matteo renzi somewhere down to earth, because he's going to float in rome. you see, you look at the sky. this matteo renzi's floating away. because he's going to be over the moon. ( laughs ) ? ? ? >> rose: prime minister renzi is proud of how once upon a time his native florence brought the west its greatest cultural sf the geniuses who produced glorious art and brilliant ideas are still celebrated here: michelangelo; da vinci; galileo. >> renzi: florence for me is not simply a city. florence is a sentiment. and i think it's impossible to be a politician without sentiment. >> rose: matteo renzi's sense of romance about the wonders of florence makes him optimistic

>> renzi: with the "yes," the italy will start the future. because in the last 20, 20 years, italy discussed only about the past. "oh, the past is wonderful in italy." look, look at palazzo vecchio. the most beautiful place in the world, in my opinion, i think this is incredible place. but the past is not sufficient. is not enough. we need the future. because we are italians. and italy is not only a museum. >> rose: italy is not only a museum. >> renzi: italy is not only the past. this is the point. for adults with advanced non-small cell lung cancer previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy, including those with an abnormal alk or egfr gene who've tried an fda-approved targeted therapy, this is big. a chance to live longer with opdivo (nivolumab).

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absolutely...clear. ? time to think of your future ? it's your retirement. know where you stand. >> stahl: nobel-prize-winng colombian novelist gabriel garcia marquez once wrote of a mythical town in the middle of the jungle whose residents suffer from a mysterious affliction that erases their memories. today, in a region of colombia called antioquia, reality appears to be imitating fiction, in a way that may answer questions for all of us. antioquia is home to the largest concentration in the world of people who carry a rare genetic mutation that makes them 100% certain to develop alzheimer's disease.

alzheimer's is anywhere, this is a particularly cruel version-- it strikes when people are in their mid-40s, and leads to death about a decade later. it is a tragic situation, but a perfect scientific laboratory. and it's now the center of a multi-million dollar, n.i.h.- backed study trying to find out for the first time, whether alzheimer's disease may be preventable. these are the andes mountains and lush countryside of antioquia, colombia, whose capital city, medellin was once famous for murder and the drug cartel of pablo escobar. today, medellin-- or medejin, as it's pronounced here-- is peaceful. but for some families here, there's still a battle going on, a battle against an insidious

her seven children, and grandchildren- lost its patriarch, alonso. >> freddie: for me, my father was-- number one. >> stahl: freddie, the oldest, remembers his dad always eager to join in and play with him and his friends. >> cecilia ( translated ): he was a very joyful person. he loved to dance. he was a really nice person, a very good father. before the disease. >> stahl: when it first started, what were you noticing that made you think he's-- he's different? >> cecilia ( translated ): he started asking, "what is the date today? do i have to go to work?" and we got concerned. >> stahl: alonso at the time was in his mid-40s, so the memory loss and confusion made no sense. his doctor suggested exercise and vitamins, but alonso just got worse, forgetting the names

and disoriented. his son victor had to help him get dressed. >> victor ( translated ): i gave him his shirt, i told him "dad, come, i'll help you put your shirt on," and the first thing he did was to grab it-- and put it on through his feet. >> stahl: did he understand what was happening to him? >> victor ( translated ): there he would ask me and say, "son, what's happening to me? why don't i remember? i don't remember my children, or my wife. i don't know who i am." >> stahl: his son julio took him back to see the doctor: >> julio ( translated ): when i asked the doctor, i told him, "doctor, i am not leaving here"--

--"until you tell me what is wrong with my father." >> stahl: the doctor sent them to francisco lopera, a neurologist at the university of antioquia who knew exactly what was wrong with alonso, because he'd become the local authority on a rash of early-onset alzheimers cases in and around medellin. >> francisco lopera: they were getting disease very early in the life. >> stahl: it all began many years earlier, back in the 1980s, when lopera was a young medical resident. he had read about small numbers of people scattered around the world who had developed alzheimers in their 40s. so when a 47-year-old man came into his medellin clinic with alzheimer's-like symptoms, he was intrigued, and decided to investigate. you met this one man, and you decided to go to where he was from? >> lopera: i decided to go to

>> stahl: lopera learned that the man's father and grandfather had also lost their memories in their 40s. then, a few years later, another similar patient came into the clinic, this time a 42-year-old woman from a town 40 miles away. dr. lopera's then-nurse, lucia madrigal, asked if any of her relatives also started losing their memories when they were young. >> lucia madrigal( translated ): father, the uncles, the grandfather, the great grandfather, so i started making a little family tree, on one page, and i showed it to dr. lopera. and i told him, "look what we have here. what is this? so many with the same disease." >> stahl: and so began a detective hunt that lasted more than a decade. lopera and madrigal traveled all over the region, finding more

early-onset alzheimers, and compiling family trees. they thought it might be genetic, so madrigal spent days at parish churches, poring over heavy ledgers where priests for generations had recorded village births, marriages, and deaths. thanks to these meticulous records, she was able to trace the disease back hundreds of years, and to make an important discovery-- the different extended family, connected generations back by common ancestors who had died young, with an unusual cause of death written down by the priest: "softening of the brain." this is what "softening of the brain" looks like in real life. fernando is 46 years old, a descendant of that second

when he was in his late 30s, and now can no longer speak, feed himself, or do just about anything on his own. his aunt takes care of him round the clock, just as she did with his mother, when she got the disease at the same age. norelly is at an even later stage of the disease. despite her appece patients were going from mild symptoms to complete dementia and then death within about a decade-- as dr. lopera showed us in these cognitive test results. >> lopera: you can see, at 38-- >> stahl: even at 38, this man struggled-- as many older alzheimer's patients do-- to copy a complex drawing accurately. >> lopera: at 45. >> stahl: and things got worse from there.

>> stahl: ah! oh! >> lopera: at 51. >> stahl: oh! dr. lopera was convinced that what he and madrigal were discovering was scientifically important, but even as they found more patients and more related families, he couldn't get anyone outside colombia to take notice. until 1993, when a harvard professor came to give a talk ou several hours away. >> ken kosik: there was a person in the audience, francisco lopera, who came up after the talk and said, "you know, there's-- i have a family here that w-- has-- early-onset alzheimer's." >> stahl: ken kosik, now at u.c. santa barbara, was that professor. a family. could've been four people. >> kosik: it could've been just four people. but he started to tell me how many it was. and as i listened to him, i became just so absorbed and

me that i changed all my plans, went with him to medell?n. and-- we began a collaboration that goes on to this day. >> stahl: they showed kosik what lucia madrigal showed us-- the family tree they had compiled, based on all that searching through church records, for just one of the affected families, going back all the way to the 1800s. this is one family? ( laughs ) >> madrigal: una sola! >> stahl: it just kept unfolding. and unfolding. covering these pages are small squares representing men, circles for women. the colored-in squares and circles mean the person got sick with alzheimer's at an early age. look, she had these sons and a daughter. and then it just kept going down-- through the generations-- >> madrigal: si. >> kosik: when we looked at the family trees, about 50% of the offspring were getting the disease.

kosik connected dr. lopera with leading geneticists in the u.s., and they started collecting blood samples and searching. within a year, a major breakthrough-- they found a specific mutation in a gene on chromosome 14 one tiny flaw in the d.n.a. responsible for all this family's suffering. the discovery was published in 1997 in the journal of the lopera had identified the largest concentration of early onset alzheimers cases in the world. if a person has that mutation, do they get alzheimer's? >> kosik: yes, they do. >> stahl: if they have it, they definitely get the disease. >> kosik: right. there are some mutations where you don't definitely get it. but this is a bad one. and if you have this mutation, you get it. >> stahl: for families like alonso's, discovering the

finding a way to fight the disease. but it was also a curse, because it meant that anyone whose parent had the mutation, has a 50/50 chance of having inherited it too. do any of you know if you have that mutation? do you know? >> victor: no. >> freddie: nobody knows. >> stahl: nobody knows. well, somebody knows. dr. lopera and his team have been testing for the mutation and compiling a database, but family members if they have the mutation or not-- and not even to reveal the results to dr. lopera, since at this point, there is nothing that can be done to help. >> cecelia ( translated ): sometimes i ask, which one will get it? but i throw that thought away, because i don't want to think about that. i pray a lot to god that none of them gets it. i don't want to see my children with that disease.

because of your father, that you have a 50-50 chance. so what kind of a weight does that put on you, day in and day out? >> julio ( translated ): i've even prayed to god that if-- if there's one person who has to have the disease, i say to god, "let it be me." >> sara ( translated ): i thank god that i'm a nurse and that i would be able to take care of them, but i tell myself, "first i had to go through it with my dad, the experience of the disease, and i may have to go through it with one of my siblings, or with several, we don't know." >> stahl: sara told us she would love to have children of her own, but given her risk of developing the disease, she's decided against it. >> sara ( translated ): so that my children don't have to go

>> stahl: you've been working on this 30 years. how do you cope with all this pain? >> lopera: ( crying ) >> stahl: it was not the response we had expected. it's that hard? it's that hard. but dr. lopera knew that even in the midst of all this tragedy, there might just be a glimmer of hope. because what he had discovered in these families-- hundreds of people destined to develop alzheimer's, and easily identifiable with a simple genetic test-- presented a unique scientific opportunity to test whether it's possible to step in and stop early-onset, and maybe all, alzheimer's disease before it starts. that part of the story, when we

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?? >> s the sixth leading cause of death in the united states. more than five million americans have alzheimer's right now, and given the aging baby boomer population, that number is projected to nearly triple by mid-century. yet unlike many other leading killers, there is no effective treatment. an alzheimer's diagnosis is essentially a prescription for a slow descent into oblivion-- an inexorable loss of the memories,

think that make us who we are. early-onset alzheimer's patients, like the hundreds of family members in colombia, are a tiny fraction of the whole, but to scientists, they could be everything. because they are offering researchers something they have never had before-- a way to test whether intervening, years before people start having symptoms, might halt the disease in its tracks. answers are still years away, but wi americans developing alzheimer's every day, a way to prevent it cannot come soon enough. the scene we witnessed in dr. pierre tariot's exam room at the banner alzheimer's institute in phoenix is one that plays out in neurologist's offices every day. >> pierre tariot: so if i asked you what city we're in right now, what would you say? >> norm: ( laughs )