democratically elected president was overthrown in a coup by former army chief and today's president, abdel fattah el-sisi. mubarak outlived the revolution that overthrew him, but was only seen in court. and while he was humbled, to the end he was defiant. he rose to power in the air force and became vice president to anwar sadat, taking over after sadat's 1981 assassination. he was initially considered a charismatic reformer, and fashioned himself the only guarantor of egypt's and the middle east's stability, as he told newshour host charlayne hunter-gault in 1993. >> the stability of this part of the world cannot bmaintained without egypt. i don't think that it will be in the interest of the west or the united states that egypte unstable. >> schifrin: but mubarak's stability was autocracy. he jailed political opponents without trial, and his police committed widespread torture. poverty increased, and the availability of bread plummeted. and when that deprivation combined with corruption to spark the 2011 protests, his security forces killed hundreds of demonstrators. in 2012, mubarak defended himself fr