joining me now is a professor abdul karim south africa an epidemiologist and infectious diseases specialist here is also south africa's chief advisor to the cobra 19 a response team that has like irene fags for joining us before we delve into the issue of vaccines that 1st tell us we know that south africa is the way as his country on the continent how is it coping with the pandemic. i think we're if you know saw 1st case back in march we were anticipating it our rapid increase in cases but we didn't see that because of some of the early actions that were taken so we haven't delayed it epidemic and the delay was about $6.00 to $8.00 weeks so they have us an opportunity to be better prepared you know believe field hospitals and surely we have adequate stocks so you know the different drivers newts aren't like dexamethasone and so we haven't really seen the same kind of death rate that we're seeing in europe and i think partially it's we have a younger population but also because we didn't have the same overwhelming response from the epidemic and so i think overall the cases are higher than w

thousands of tourists have enjoyed a ride with abdul karim but in the past year, he has spent most eveningssm has been absent. translation: iam barely tourism has been absent. translation: i am barely making money. it costs 100 and 2000 rupees and i spend that much in its repair. this is the announcement which change the course of cashmere's future. exactly course of cashmere's future. exa ctly o ne course of cashmere's future. exactly one year ago, prime minister narendra modi's government abrogated article 370 of india's constitution taking away the region's autonomy. it argued it would bring development to the region. but the move prompted outrage. critics said it would allow indians to buy property there which could change the demographic of the muslim majority state. indian administered kashmir was put in administered kashmir was put in a state of lot data which has shuttered its economy. it was around 18,000 for a period of four months in kashmir. in addition, there were manyjob losses. but the lockdown continues. cashmere's economy deteriorates and the desperation of its people deepe