this is actually the first photograph of abraham lincoln. doesn't quite look like the fellow that we meet on the $5 bill. photograph is taken in about 1846. and in this, lincoln really does not look like somebody fresh off his father's farm. that's because by 1846, he wasn't. when he goes up to the legislature in 1834, he also carries with him that desire for advancement and the way to advancement for lincoln is to study law. and so he becomes a lawyer, apprenticing himself, more or less, as a junior partner to a prominent kentucky lawyer in springfield, illinois, named john todd stewart whom he had met during the militia service he rendered during the blackhawk war of 1832, that is where stewart and lincoln met. lincoln works as a junior partner for john todd stewart. but eventually what he wants to do is to be on his own, and he achieves that in 1844, taking along with him as a junior partner of his own william henry herndon who will over the years to come become something of the boswell to lincoln's johnson. lincoln spends a great deal of

it was in this room that abraham lincoln came to visit the sitting governor at the time, governor dennison. it was february 13th, 1861. he was in this statehouse, sitting across from governor dennison behind me. he was delivered a telegram and lincoln opened the telegram and indicated that the electoral college had met and ratified the voice of the people. he was truly the president-elect of the united states. the oath of office used to be taken in march. so lincoln was on his way from springfield to washington, d.c., and in many cases that same route during his funeral was retraced. he was once again here at the ohio statehouse when his funeral train came to columbus on april 29th, 1865. and abraham lincoln did lay in state in the grand rotunda for 6.5 hours. in that short amount of time, 50,000 people filed past the president's open casket. it was a phenomenal site sight to see people travel to pay their respects to the slain president. throughout the ohio statehouse, we have eight of our hearing rooms named after ohio's eight presidents. ohio sometimes referred to as the mother of presi

here we are with abraham lincoln. abraham lincoln liked to go to the old soldiers home and he would take his items, papers, in this portfolio with we have on loan to us from the abraham lincoln library and museum in illinois. he carried some of the documents he worked on like the emancipation proclamation in the portfolio. in addition, we also have this seal that he used, the seal of the united states. it can be dated to about 1864 by the number of stars on it. it has 36 stars which would indicate when nevada had become a state. with that, we have the storage box made that came with the seal. box ofn interesting holding this item of abraham lincoln's. johnson,ng onto andrew andrew johnson was apprenticed at the age of 10 to a tailor and working for who he awaypprenticed to and ran and went off to be a tailor in a different town. he moved around a little bit. he ended up settling in greenville, tennessee, where he started his own tailoring business. what we have on loan for him is some of his shears and a large iron th

abraham lincoln was once again at the state house april 29th, 1865. he did lay in state in the grand rotunda. in that short amount of time, 50,000 people filed past the president's open casket. it was a phenomenal sight to sigh the number of people that came by horse and buggy that day to pay their respects to the slain president. we have eight of our hearing rooms named after ohio's eight presidents. ohio referred to as the mother of presidents. hear we are standing in the grand hearing room. grant served as president from 1869 to 1877. ohioans loved general grant. he was a hero in all aspects. ohio was part of the union and believed that slavery should not take place. when grant won the victory and the surrender took place in virginia, he was proclaimed the hero. in each of our presidential hearing rooms, we partnered with the historical society and there are artifacts that reside in i a secure case, and many of these artifacts are very interesting. in the grant hearing room, we have a cigar that was smoked by president grant and it's on display for

jefferson, i mean, alexander stevens wrote a letter to abraham lincoln while lincoln was waiting to come to washington just after he was elected to be president wondering if there was anything that they could do that if he had any suggestion and lincoln wrote back to him, i -- i don't, i would really like to be able to work it this out. he said, but -- but we don't seem to be able to agree on the extension of slavery and he said many his letter that what you want to extend slavery and make slavery national while we want to restrict it. >> is your book written for a general audience or scholarly audience? >> we wrote this book for our students that we had been teaching for larry teachings over year and i have for 20 years he's teaching at uva and i'm teaching at ucla, and we thought a lot about the fact that there's -- there was no short sync yet provocative book, textbook on this civil war that would combine the chronological and political and economic, the progress of the battles. but also have chapters on emancipation and soldiers and women which part chapters on reconstruction and als

he was an ally of stephen a douglas and therefore, it political antagonist to abraham lincoln when he was a whig. and lincoln engaged in writing under a pseudonym of a woman named rebecca who was supposedly an old country woman. satires about shields in the journal. that were insulting. as it turned out, mary todd participated in writing these insulting satires. and shields discovered that lincoln had done so and in order to transport lincoln feeling he was protecting mary todd with him he was reconciling, after having broken up with her. shields challenges him to a duel and they go to an island in the mississippi, john horton was a state senator and a cousin mary todd's rides up and to keep moments as you are ridiculous and it is illegal and you have to stop this. and lincoln is completely humiliated. this is the famous broadsword where shields is relatively short and lincoln as we know is six feet four inches. he chooses as they weapons, broadsword because he has long arms. [laughter] and he practices by slashing prairie grass or whatever. and the duel is never fought and whenever a

speed, weto james are listening to abraham lincoln talking about his journey to the gettysburg address. theabout a year after ceremony, and casual conversation with lincoln, lincoln said he was very uncertain as to whether his duties would detain him in washington, but was i just go. important note there, anxious to go. a letter of invitation from gave himls expectations for a short speech and a speech that had to be appropriate for the occasion. one of the most impressive ceremonies of the mid-19th century, a gathering on a battlefield like had never taken place. and lincoln, of course, rarely left washington. he never left washington to give a speech, for example. this was a major event, and he did want to say some appropriate things. he knew this was an important he wasn't he knew going to be the main speaker. so it had to be short, and it had to be appropriate. here is the link and white house, at the time of the civil war. you imagine lincoln busy here in the white house, he is not sure he can go to gettysburg. in fact, he only decided to go at the last moment possible, most likel

has there ever been a president who has been treated more unfairly by the press than abraham lincoln? [ laughter ] >> you know, lincoln could take it, though, right? he could take it. >> of course. >> he never tweeted about anything. right? he manned up. this was the only issue that ever got him riled up. >> could you describe this for everyone? >> yes. and by the way, all political cartoons that are separate sheet meant for display, not caricatures in the press. but these things meant for display are all commercial enterprises. so big firms like curious and ives would issue pro-lincoln cartoons and anti-lincoln cartoons. this is an exception. this new york world, the same democratic newspaper that lincoln had shut down earlier in the 1864, the same newspaper whose editor he had almost sent to ft. lafayette but general dicks thought it was so crazy he didn't let him go. kept him in his office. the same newspaper ordered this print made, along with other prints. and of course this is a -- as linco lincoln counseling quote, soliciting the soldiers? it's about the rumor, the charge that

has there ever been a president that's been more unfairly treated by the press than abraham lincoln? >> lincoln could take it, he never tweeted about anything, right? he manned up, this was the only issue that every got him riled up. and by the way, all political cartoons that are separate sheet meant for display, not caricatures in the press, it's a different bird, but these things that were meant for display are all commercial enterprises. so big firms like kcourier and ives was all about newspapers. the same newspaper whose editor he had almost sent to ft. lafayette, but general dix thought he was crazy. the same newspaper ordered this print made along with other prints and of course this is -- lincoln counseling, quote, what does the word soliciting the soldiers? >> it's about the rumor, the charge that lincoln had asked ward hilaman to sing common songs to the battlefield that was littered with corpses. that's posted upon laman, and he shuddered at this hideous request. this was a big thing in the campaign. lincoln is borish, he's vulgar, he's tasteless, he insulted the troops, b

there's 77 famous faces like abraham lincoln, and there are many, many faces of people who we know nothing and they're called capitol unknowns. they are thought to be friends and family of the stone carvers. stone carvers were very important in the construction of this building and especially with the staircase. they worked ten-hour days, and were paid $5 a day for that, and that was a very good wage at that time. most of them came from scotland, ireland, wales, and england. the staircase opened in 1898, and it had taken 14 years to construct. by the time it opened, the capital had gotten electricity. so the lights behind me were electric lights when the staircase was inaugurated. this is also a good place to talk about the beginnings of the capital. how it began, and the famous architects that worked on it. after the civil war, when the state decided it needed a larger capitol, a design contest was held. the winner was a canadian, named thomas fuller, he came up with a gorgeous design for the building that included a dome, ten years later, he had gotten only as far as two exterior walls.

abraham lincoln did.on arm came into the south and killed over 70,000 southern civilians, men, women, and children, black and white, slave and free. so, yeah, they did that. you can study some history and find that out. it's very easy to look at. as far as comparing robert e. lee -- >> abraham lincoln, anti-slavery, as a result of that, states wanted to secede. i don't think we want to compare adolf hitler and abraham lincoln. bill, thank you so much. thank you. we got to go. historian, i just got to bring you right in. >> well, i mean, i was ready to talk to this gentleman about the pain of eras where people are -- fight for the losing side and the lost cause and the fact that we don't hold every foot soldier responsible for the actions of their commanders, but then he compared abraham lincoln to adolf hitler. >> you can't compare abraham lincoln -- >> let me say. we are in a very, very emotional moment. >> we are. and that's why i wanted to have him on, by the way. it was my idea. i wanted to have the s

abraham lincoln picked it up. the decision and said it was a shocker, and used the dissent in his speech at cooper union, which was the speech that propelled him to the head of the republican party and helped get him the nomination, and then all followed. he was really an abolitionist at heart. they knew that in the south. and the civil war followed. cheney'st was justice idea, he was wrong. justices are not politicians. they may have some exposure to politics, but they are not even junior league, and i can explain that later if you wish. [laughter] charlie: i do. but i just talked last week in the chambers at the supreme court to justice ruth bader ginsburg. she said to me that she would like to see more of a conversation between the court and the congress. justice breyer: it is hard to get a conversation going. charlie: but you understand what she means? justice breyer: absolutely, absolutely because sometimes you can find something in a statute -- say why did you -- she has written -- charlie: or had them think

there are 77 famous faces include people like abraham lincoln, ulyssess s. grant and then there are many, many faces of people who we know nothing, called the capitol unknowns, thought to be friends and family of the stone carvers. stone carvers were very important in the construction of this building, especially the staircase. they worked 10-hour days, were paid $5 a day for that which was a good wage at that time. and most of them came from the briti britishizeles, scotland and ireland and england. the staircase opened in 1898. it had taken 14 years to construct. by the time it opened the capitol had gotten electricity. so the lights behind me were electric lights when the staircase was actually inaugurated. this is also a good place to talk about the beginnings of the capitol, how it began and the famous architects who worked on it. because after the civil war, when the state decided it needed a larger and new capitol, a design contest was held. and the winner was a canadian. his fame was thomas fuller and he game up with a gorgeous design for the buildin

here we are with abraham lincoln, the 16th president of the united states. abraham liked to go to the old soldiers home, and when he would go, he would take his items, his papers in this portfolio, which is on loan to us, and they thought that he carried some of the documents he worked done with the emancipation proclamation in the portfolio. in addition, we also have this seal used, dated to 1864, because of the number of stars and it would indicate that nevada had become a state and we have the storage box that was made. i'm not sure when it was made. seal, and isthe interesting because it is like a little relic box. then, moving on, andrew johnson . andrew johnson was an apprentice at the age of 10 to a tailor and did not like what he was apprenticed to and ran away and went off to be a tailor in a different town. he moved around a little bit but settled suddenly in greenville, tennessee, where he started his own tailoring business. we have on loan some of his shears and a large iron. iron weighs about 10 pounds. he was a successful businessman at doing t

role of a president of speaking for the moral conscience of a country going all the way back to abraham lincoln. not comparing him to me. comparing him to his great predecessors and to the modern predecessors who, on occasions like this, would rise to the occasion, speak on behalf of americans, and denounce unequivocally -- >> he did that. >> yes, but that he tempered it today. he undid all that by saying yes, reading the statement yesterday, what he really meant is there was anger, violence, evil on both sides. >> bill: laura. >> missing the point here.

i don't talk as much about abraham lincoln but mary todd lincoln and her brother who was wounded in the battle of shiloh and that awful tension, you are first lady of the united states but the media is happy to talk in a very ugly way about the fact that you have brothers serving in the confederacy. and how she dealt with that and i want to talk about the death of their son willie who died in spring of 1862, to make people realize both presidents, daviss and lincoln lose a child during the war. wasn't like these elite families who remained untouched. they are suffering as well. when i talk about jefferson davis i did the same thing, talk more about his wife who i like better than jefferson davis. it was neat seeing that. that way, you get people in these stories. i can't talk about the civil war without talking about the lincoln assassination. it is endlessly fascinating to me and readers. but i tell it from the perspective of claire harris who is there with her fiancÉ in the presidential box when president lincoln is assassinated and whose husband she is engaged to at the time and is t

abraham lincoln met with his cabinet in what is today called the lincoln bedroom. it was actually his office in his era. he did everything there. richard nixon rarely worked in the oval office. it is used more by some presidents, left by others. and i think -- this is what the gentleman was talking about, the power and symbolism is nothing like it in the world. it is smaller than it looks on square feetout 700 awso, but you are just in e. awe-inspiring filling to be in that room. "under thisre, roof" is the name of his book. thank you for joining us of the essay. skype. representative hoyer will be talking about daca. this is a setup for people came to the uss children and met several guidelines for deferred action. event.n his way to the he should be here shortly. you on ourupdate live coverage plans. president trump is at the white earlier speaking to reporters in addressing the nation on violence in charlottesville, virginia. in about 30 five minutes, he is expected to sign a memorandum onh china's laws intellectual property and technology. that will be live at

it's a battle that was summed up by president abraham lincoln in the late summer of 1863 when he wrote to rosecrans, he says i cannot forget will i remember anything that at the end of the last year and the beginning of this you gave us a hard-earned victory that had it been a defeat instead the nation could have scarcely lived over it. . that's a huge statement and that makes the experience and the defense that rosecrans's army puts up at stones river to my mind one of the great defenses not just of the civil war but one of the great defenses in american history because one what are the two things that make a great defense? the first is context. the stakes, are the stakes high. the other aspect if there's a drama or sublime aspect to the defense. if you put the two factors together as i submit they are in stones river then off great defense not just of a conflict

douglas are completely indispensable figures for the creation of abraham lincoln. there's no lincoln without these two people in illinois. mary doesn't play quite the same role as she did earlier in the first volume, but she plays a very important role here, and it's a little known incident in which lincoln runs for the senate in 1855, not 1858 against douglas. he runs for the senate in 1855. she pushes him to run. he was slated to run for the state legislature, and she -- he's elected again, and she -- he's been a congressman in the legislature, she thinks -- the senate seat opens up, and she thinks this is completely beneath him. his ambition is a little engine that knew no rest, and mary's was real are knew no rest, and lincoln's friend describe a period of two days of yelling and shouting and lincoln hanging his head and at the end of which he drops his being elected to the state legislature and announces for the senate because his wife says, you're a senator. and it's really important the way he loses for the creation of the republican party, because -- brief s

if there has ever been a president treated more unfairly by the press and abraham lincoln. [laughter] mr. holzer: lincoln could take it, though, right? he could take it. he never tweeted about anything. [laughter] mr. holzer: he manned up. this was the only issue that got him riled up. by the way, all political cartoons that are separate sheet nott for display -- caricatures in the press, that but different bird -- these things meant for display are all commercial enterprises, so big firms like curry and ivess -- courier and is about finding constituents. the same democratic newspaper int lincoln had shut down 1864, the same newspaper whose editor they had almost sent to lafayette that they thought was so crazy, the same newspaper ordered this print made, along with other prints. lincoln counseling -- what is the word, soliciting the soldiers? it is about the rumor, the charge that lincoln had asked someone to sing comic songs while charging the battle. offeringcclellan soldiers. shuddering at this hideous request. so, this was a big thing in the campaign. it was repeated by

the portrait of abraham lincoln, for instance, is above the speaker's rostrum.a portrait of george washington hangs over the leadership desk. the picture of lincoln is actually done by cogswell who was an artist who steketched lincoln and did paintings from his sketches during the civil war. abraham lincoln in 1900, 1910, would have been considered a -- as significant as george washington would have been. so you had two significant presidents hanging in our chambers with the reminder that we are connected to the united states. california being so far west and not a lot in between, the idea that we would create the look of the capitol with as close to what the united states capitol looked like, we were the wild west, building this huge building with a dome and columns, very similar in look and style to the united states capitol. that wasn't by mistake. it was the idea we were part of this particular government right now, this is who our identity is. so you see a lot of symbolism in the rooms. in fact the green color of the assembly and the red color of the senate

abraham lincoln picked it up. read his decision, said this is a shocker. then used the dissent in his speech at cooper union, which was the speech that propelled him to the head of the republican party and helped get him the nomination, and then all followed. he was really an abolitionist at heart, they knew that in the south, and then the civil war followed. so if that was taney's idea, he was wrong. judges are not good politicians. they may have some exposure to politics, but that's what i mean when i say junior league, but they're not even junior league, and i can explain that later, if you wish. >> rose: i do. ( laughter ) but i just talked last week in the chambers of the supreme court to justice ruth bader ginsberg, and she said to me that, you know, she would like to see more of a conversation between the court and the congress. >> it's hard to fee get a conversation going. >> rose: but you understand what she means? >> absolutely. absolutely, because sometimes you can find something in a statute and say why did you -- she's written that -- >> rose:

>> can you comment on his relationship with abraham lincoln and what lincoln thought about him? is there anything public on that? >> good question. abraham lincoln, you've heard the famous statement, abraham lincoln said he's a mere clerk. >> he also said, of course, i have to like him because if i don't like him nobody will. lincoln is very frustrated by halleck for this reason. he brings halleck onboard because lincoln is smart enough to know that he doesn't know a whole lot about military stuff. of course, he knows a lot more than he thinks and by the end of the war he's teaching his general, but at this particular time lincoln wants somebody learned in the skill in the military skills to be at his side to help him organize the union war effort. i want you to tell me what i should do and halleck won't do it. he just simply takes the position -- in fact, he almost resigns. he offers to resign. if you make me tell you what i think ought to be done, i'll resign and lincoln throws up his hand, and i think lincoln may be understood that this is it. this is the best i've got. this

probably one of the great eest speeches ever given about abraham lincoln. the most brilliant summary of lincoln's vision and his limitations. that anyone has ever rendered. but douglas also said build high his statues this is a statue of lincoln lifting a half-naked person of color with chains broken around him. is it a rising slave? or is it a kneeling slave? that's something that the african-american community in washington grapples with. this statue is in the shadow of frederick douglass' home. there are many demands floating about to do something with that piece. and when lincoln was inaugurated and talked about the sin of slavery. his second inauguration, he looked at a statue of george washington, that was in the plaza of the u.s. capital, for both of his inaugurations, which was even that was taken away. people thought it ludicrous, because washington was bare-chested, they called him georgie in the bath. you can still see it in the national museum of american history in some corner. that used to be in the capital plaza. so these things do change. i d

abraham lincoln met with his what is today called bedroom.oln on in his era it was his office. richard nixon rarely worked in office, he worked across the street in executive office building. used more by e is some presidents, less by others, of course, andy, what the gentleman was talking power and symbolism of the office, nothing like it in the world and when you step oval, it's smaller than it looks on t.v., about 700 or so, not the biggest room, but you are ju -- you near awe and awe-inspiring feeling to be in that room. i'm curious to see what it will e like when they are done with this project. host: for more stories on the this roof" is the name of paul brandos book, presidency and the white house. your time, thanks for joining us via skype. you.t: thank host: up next, we're going to end our program back with the program we began the with, president trump's remarks on the charlottesville violence if you weekend, asking thought they were enough. start calling in, republicans, independents, lines for all three. call in now, we'll be right back. >> every month bookt t.v. fe

and probably one of the greatest speeches ever given about abraham lincoln. the most brilliant summary of lincoln's vision and his limitations that anyone has ever rendered. but douglas also said build high his statues. this is a statue of lincoln lifting a half naked person of color with chains broken around him. and is it a rising slave or is it a kneeling slave and that's something that the african afternoon community grapples with. this is in the symbolic shadow of frederic douglas's home. there are many demands floating about to do something with that piece. when lincoln was inaugurated and talk about the sin of slavery was second inauguration, he looked at a statue of george washington in the plaza of the u.s. capital for both of his inaugurations. even that was taken away. people thought it lose crows was washington was bare chested. they called him georgie in the bath. you can still see it. these things do change. i don't like destruction particularly. i like context. gary gallagher and joan wall took edith and me to see a monument in santa fe, a white

consumer a attorney and amateur photographer flavio -- >> honoring abraham lincoln and the people, the men and women that actually built the lincoln memorial. it's important for historical purposes and it's also beautiful work of art. >> reporter: seen from far away, the mural is by new york artist darren baker. he won a $50,000 nationwide contest by the district government to commission it on the city warehouse. he told news 4, it's important to remember the sons and grandsons it's called 28 blocks for the stones needed to make the statue it's part of the repurposing of the industrial land into new businesses and homes. >> what we're doing is bringing art and history to what was a blighted area. >> the increasingly popular metropolitan branch trail in northeast. >> what do you think? >> i think it's great. i think we can all use a little more art in our life. >> this gets people to look at it and take some time to look at how beautiful this is. instead of just riding past so quickly. i used to do that when there was nothing to look at. >> gallaudet university graduate gabriel arian ow

he saw abraham lincoln as a conservative whig choice for the republican party. he had no -- of course, he had no idea the war was coming and he had no idea what lincoln would do. he loved lincoln. i think it is safe to say that david davis was a republican in 1864 because he loved lincoln, and he wouldn't have been otherwise. assuming he got to the supreme court he wouldn't have indicated his partisan. but when you read what he said, you know he's a whig. >> other questions or thoughts? let's give michael les benedict another hand. >> thank you so much. enjoyed it. thank you. [ applause ] >>> saturday on american history tv on c-span3, we're live from virginia beginning at 8:30 a.m. eastern with day-long coverage of a civil war symposium. we will look at defensive strategies employed by the union and confederate armies and hear from historians on gettysburg and other important battles. sunday at 6:00 p.m. on american artifacts, american presidents, life portraits. we tour the presidential portraits exhibit at the herbert hoover presidential library and museum in

here, in this temple as in the hearts of the people for whom he saved the union, the memory of abraham lincoln is enshrined forever. and as long as we have stories like stories of lincoln and the stories of the civil war and the valor of the soldiers of the civil war we can become the americans we aspire to be. and the story of the get tygett address. the slide here is the only union terminal, i believe it is, in washington that lincoln did depart from. but this give you a sense of the old trains, and it took him many hours for him to get down that track. and there are many stories on that train of lincoln writing his speech. they stopped along the way, they had to pig up watck up water, a hanover junction, the railway platform, lincoln went through several several times, they have restored the old depot too. and you'll see images of hanover junction sometimes associated with lincoln. and sometimes they'll say lincoln is here on the platform. lincoln is probably not in these pictures, these pictures were probably taken the day before lincoln was there, when a whole group of people, marshalls f

in this temple as in the hearts of the people for whom he saved, the memory of abraham lincoln is enshrined forever. adds long as we have stories like stories of lincoln and stories of the civil war and courage. soldiers of the civil war, we can become the americans that we aspire to be. and the story of the lincoln gettysburg address helps us make that journey. so let's go -- well we are at gettysburg, let's get to gettysburg, lincoln got on the train the day before, november 18th. these slides have little to do with lincoln exactly except the slide here is the old union terminal, i believe it's called, in washington that lincoln did depart from. but this gives a sense of the old time frames. took many hours to get to gettysburg, down the track and there are stories on the train of lincoln writing his speech. he stopped along the way. they today pick up water. the train and engines today rest. for example here at hanover junk which is just up the road here, if you haven't been to hanover junction, a wonderful place to visit, real road junk there is an important place. lincoln went through