but it was not this story that impressed abraham lincoln. he was not interested in weem's's tales of washington as a good boint. he w -- boy. he was interested in washington's account as a great man, and we know this because lincoln said so in february of 1861 when he was on his way to his first inauguration. he had left springfield, illinois early in that month, and he took a train through the northeast to get to washington, d.c. he was showing the flag as the country was falling apart. six states had already left the union. texas, the seventh, would leave the day he arrived in washington. so he's going through loyal states, making brief appearances simply to show people that the country was going on, the government was going on. in february he passes through trenton, new jersey and he gives a speech to the state legislature. there he says that when he was a boy he read weems' life of washington. of all of the battles that weems recounts the one that made the greatest impression on him was the battle of trenton. this was at the end of 1776,

abraham lincoln did not stay in this room. the room was named after him because he stayed in the structure that was dated 1860, for 10 days, prior to his election. let's go back to the city in 1860. there was a lot of focus on military and political activity. one historian noted that hotel demand was so great, hotels were able to raise their prices from $2 to $4 per night. the willard was considered neutral, the northerners would enter from pennsylvania avenue and his southerners from the other entrance. the willard hall was a large , spacious room that was able to accommodate the peace convention. it was a last-ditch effort to try to avert the civil war. it was held from february 4 in 1861.ebruary 27 it had 131 politicians from 21 states and former president tyler was chair of it. unfortunately, it failed. and the civil war started. the arrival of abraham lincoln to washington was met with out excitement. war fever was growing, maryland was sympathetic to the southern cause and emotions were reaching dangerous levels. there w

[ imitates explosion ] >> abraham lincoln is known as, perhaps, america's greatest president. es at what some consider the culmination of a meteoric rise. but lincoln is no overnight success. he has endured much to arrive at such a time as this. overcoming poverty, depression, and political failures along the way, lincoln has proven to be resilient and resourceful. yet, at the cusp of the civil war, there are some who doubt he can save the union. abraham lincoln finds himself facing what no other president in history has faced -- a deadly struggle for the soul of a nation. >> it's fort sumter. you broke it. >> i suppose we'll just have to fix it again. >> [ chuckles ] >> lincoln is cautious. he wants the rebellion crushed, but he doesn't want move precipitously. but this is the moment wn people are yearning for action, maybe ill-advisedly, wanted a policy, wanted a leader. >> lincoln calls for 75,000 troops to put down the rebellion. in response, four more states secede, including virginia, bringing the conflict to the southern border of the nation's capital. now the only acces

. >> william seward had been a political rival of abraham lincoln's, and yet he selected seward as hisy more of a passionate abolitionist than lincoln.don't believe lincoln sw himself truly as the president that was going to end slavery. his mission at that point was to reunite the country. >> if they fear that you wish to start a war to take their slaves away, you should remind the south that those fears are unfounded. >> once the war starts, enslaved african-americans see it for what it truly is -- a chance to be free. [ men shouting, cannons firing ] fort monroe is a union outpost in confederate territory defended by 4,500 men, including a zouave regiment, general benjamin butler.eral butler? outside the fort. >> please, sir. we're just looking for safe harbor. we've escaped colonel mallory and the confederate army. >> i see. >> the three men that come in to butler, they happen to come in after virginia votes to secede. they don't come in the day before. 'cause if they'd come in the day before, virginia's not a confederate state, not a secessionist state. >> virginia claims she's no

"abraham include lincoln: a life, also known as the green monster." lincoln," world of also known as "shrinking lincoln ." memoirs, of all of whom were white house secretaries. next spring, that university of illinois press will publish his next book. he is a flexible guy. for those of you have not heard, michael was kind enough to volunteer to take richards placed today when the doctor had to make a last-minute cancellation. please join me in a heartfelt thank you and welcome to dr. michael burlingame. [applause] dr. burlingame: good morning. it is still morning, right? age, iference to my don't mean to joke about my age. i am 76-years-old, but i prefer to think of that as 24 celsius. [laughter] burlingame: feel free to use that. i stole it from tom layer. gave ahe professor, he speech on lincoln's humor based on his book which has one the book prize of our organization for this year. he gave a speech in the holy land, that is springfield. on the high holy days. that is february 12. at the banquet of the abraham lincoln association, and that is on th

civil war, abraham lincoln never criticized jefferson davis. the fact that the president calls for jailing of his political opponents is not normal. >> lincoln douglas debates got nasty, though. >> oh, they did. pitch you with a large -- >> here is james comey talking to npr about rod rosenstein and whether the deputy attorney general should be fired by the president. here it is with respect to the deputy attorney general, i think it is very important that he stay. because i do think he has conducted himself hon rably with respect to his appointment of a special counsel and the assertion of that special counsel's work to the rule of law. so i really do think it would be an attack on the rule of law for him to be fired or for the special counsel to be fired. >> he thinks rod rosenstein was deeply irresponsible by writing that memo that trump ostensibly

for the symposium held by the abraham lincoln institute and ford's theater society. anna holloway, the co-author of "our little monitor" talks about the uss monitor warship and its conception. she also describes the american public's fascination with the ironclad vessel. this is about 45 minutes. >> you may take it home and worship it remarked one of the members of the naval board which encountered john erickson's plans for the ironclad warship, the monitor for the first time. , atould not be blasphemy least not as described in exit is 20 verse four. because the vessel looked like nothing in the heavens above or the earth beneath or the waters under the earth. anna holloway may not worship the monitor, but she has spent more time in close proximity to it than anyone since john erickson. her phd dissertation at the college avoid them and mary was written on the monitor. from 2003 to 2014, she was the curator of the uss monitor center at the mariners museum in newport news. withs now the co-author "our littlete of monitor: the greatest invention of the civil war. " pub

lincoln, and they keep asking abraham lincoln for money, and lincoln sends it to them, but he's, you know, he writes them occasionally and why are you just scratching around from -- i think that's the phrase he uses, some really kind of rough phrase, why are you just scratching around from farm to farm? what kind of a life is this? and of course this is the life that lincoln had rejected. he didn't want to do this. he wanted to make something of himself and now he's a corporate lawyer and he's into politics and he's like thinking, oh geez, my, you know, my step brother here and my father, you know, what kind of a life are they leading. and it's a painful correspondent to read. >> herndon was not very kind to mrs. lincoln. >> they hated each other. well you know what? i think for him that was envy. didn't want anyone to be closer to lincoln than he was. he also hated the children. you know, he said they were little brats, they came in the office, they threw the papers around, they made water on the floor, they made noise, they were terrible. well, i'm sure they did to an extent, and a

our 16th president, abraham lincoln, once declared emphatically that it is not the years in your life, but the life in your years. we would know. when i think of what it means to be an american, of what it means to embody american exceptionalism, when i think of all that and is should be in an american, i think of abraham lincoln. all my life his story has propelled me forward. he was a common man, who became an uncommon leader. and ordinary man with extraordinary desire, a man that lived full. he was born in kentucky, raised in indiana, and grew up in illinois. no elementary school no middle school no high school, no college education. everything the learned, he taught himself. he was a physically strong man, a wrestler who never backed down when challenged to fight. the things that define abraham lincoln perseverance, strength, character, and courage, they're the qualities weed in everywhere around us. lincoln lost his mother, he lost his job, he lost his siblings, he lost three of his four christian, he lost six elections, he failed in business, his first love died him had a poor r

more on the book i am going to write about abraham lincoln. in the back. [indiscernible] to remove the name of john c one of their schools. >> the question is, what about universityn at yale to eliminate john calhoun's name from one of the colleges. i do not remember how far along they are. calhoun attended yale. he was considered a distinguished alumnus. these days, john calhoun is seen as the arts typist for slavery. my general view of a racing names from buildings and taking skepticales is to be of this and i will tell you why. i teach at the university of texas and there were corrected in the 1920's statues honoring heroes of the confederacy and following the shootings in charlottesville, the administration at the university of texas decided the time has come to take down the statues. my first thought was, i do not like the idea of a racing history-- of erasing because there is no end to this. if it is today confederate heroes, tomorrow it is going to be thomas jefferson and how is if theing to work capital of the united states is named fo

abraham lincoln once declared it publicly it is in the years in your life with the life in your years. when i think of what it means to be an american to embody american exceptionalism, when i think of all that is and should be my think of abraham lincoln. all my life story has propelled me forward. he was a common man became a common leader. in ordinary man with extraordinary desire. he was born in kentucky, raised in indiana and grew up in illinois. no elementary school or middle school or high school or public education. everything he learned he taught himself. a physically strong man, never back down with the challenge to fight. to the perseverance strength and courage the qualities that we need everywhere he lost his mother and his job and his siblings and six election and his first love died he had a poor relationship with his father but he was a titan and titan never give up to me to fail. the spirit is irrepressible refused to see himself as a victim. at one point he cannot get in bed for six months but he rallied in perseverance to push and scratch and claw and crawl to get b

abraham lincoln's name is not even mentioned. been elected president, and yet boothad not -- had not focused on him. he began to think more and more about lincoln. he began to seep revolutionary changes he was making to america. it is interesting. booth was 26 when he shot lincoln. 26. ebrahim lincoln was the first president elected to two terms during booths whole lifetime. we were on a run of one term president. for aincoln was elected second term, it was easy for those who hated him to think that lincoln once more than a second term. remember, there is no term limits. there was no end to what lincoln could have if you wanted. and the stuff lincoln did. the draft, emancipation, income tax, military supervision of voting. trade and travel restrictions. suspension of habeas corpus. those things were breathtaking. i think even lincoln would have been stunned that he wound up doing some of those things 10 years earlier. but he had found it necessary at that point to when the war and he did it. booth began to focus on him. i interpre

of books i've done and assassinatioinassassination of n life abraham lincoln and now doctor king. so i've always wanted to do this. >> host: you focused a lot on james and how he and martin luther king jr. finally intersected. what did you learn about james and the story has been told over and over but i found so many things in here that i personally did not know. what did discover? >> guest: much of his life reveals 1960s america. he is a mysterious nobody that came out of nowhere almost like a super oswald. but he reflects where america was in the 1960s. he grew up in missouri and his family was as poor as during the civil war. he had no shoes, teachers said he was a repulsive little child treated terribly as a boy and then committed petty crimes in prison for 13 years and escaped from prison in missouri. he and his partner in crime stole $120 split $60 for that, he was in for 20 years and escaped in the spring of 1967. would he go back to a life of crime or something else, and he tried to discover him. he bought a mustang automobile and took bartending lessons in dancing lesson

and the correspondence between him and abraham lincoln because he's living with thomas lincoln and they keep asking abraham for money and lincoln sent it to them, but he's, you know, he writes them occasionally and why are you just scratching around. i think that's what he has, and it's rough praise and why are you just scratching around farm to farm and what kind of a life is this? of course, this is the life that lincoln had rejected and he didn't want to do this and he wanted to make something of himself and now he's a corporate lawyer and into politics and he's thinking, oh, geez, my stepbrother here and what kind of life are they leading? it was a painful correspondence to read. >> herndon was not very kind to mrs. lincoln. >> yeah. you know what? i think for him that was envy, and he also hated children. you know? he said they were brats. they came into the office and threw the papers around and they made water on the floor and they made noise and they were terrible and i'm sure they did and lincoln apparenyas a father because he didn't, he wanted to do the oppite of what -- head'

doctor king couldn't finish his mission he died too young just like abraham lincoln with his unfinished work america would have been a better place if lincoln had lived the civil war did not end it ended slavery technically but not racism or oppression or the link should on -- although lynchings it took another century it is important people remember that and doctor king also said how long will it take? not long. so certainly i think his message today would be optimistic much as changed for the better but he would say how long? >> you just mentioned significantly toward the end of his career to talk about the vietnam war and economic justice is that we are talking about right now he was moving away from doing specifically civil rights they were calling a division in the civil rights movement. >> it was very controversial in 1967 doctor king made a major move against the vietnam war and decided it was important to him many did not like it. african-american leaders and what you doing? we are fighting for our right that job is not done we just finished the voting rights act and the civil r

and abraham lincoln may have a weapon that can stop him. switch and save time. [cars honking] [car accelerating] you can switch and save worry. ♪ you can switch and save hassle. [vacuuming sound] and when you switch to esurance, you can save time, worry, hassle and yup, money. in fact, drivers who switched from geico to esurance saved hundreds. so you might want to think about pulling the ol' switcheroo. that's auto and home insurance for the modern world. esurance. an allstate company. click or call. >> vo: they want more out of life in every way. so they're starting this year's garden with miracle-gro potting mix and plant food. .. one powerful guarantee. miracle-gro. >> robert e. lee, like a southern george washington, leads his ragtag rebel army on a relentless drive against superior union forces. he pushes into maryland, looking to secure british recognition, break the union's spirit, and end the war. >> dispatch these orders promptly. >> is it wise, general, to divide the army? mcclellan has some 80,000 men in his command. >> mcclella

symposium jesus -- posted by the abraham lincoln institute and the ford theater society. anna holloway, author of our little monitor, the greatest invention of the civil war, talks about the uss monitor warship and its conception. she also describes the american public's fascination with the ironclad vessel. this is about 45 minutes. [applause] paul: you may take it home and worship it, remarked one of the members of the naval board which encountered john erickson's plan for the ironclad warship, monitor, for the first time. it would not be blasphemy it was observed, at least not as described in exodus 21st for, verse 20, 4. because it looks nothing like the waters. anna holloway may not worship the monitor, but she has spent more time in close proximity to it than anyone since john erickson. her phd dissertation of the college of william and mary was .ritten on the monitor from 2003 to 2014, she was the curator of the uss monitor center at the mariners museum in newport news, virginia, and she is now the co-author with ali's owner jonathan white, with our little monitor,

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where abraham lincoln had a long political career, captivated by the story of abraham lincoln and heset out to write a children's book and later over 1 million word biography of abraham lincoln which gave them a pulitzer prize. the 5 miles southeast of asheville, the family moved in 1945 and came with mr. and mrs. sandberg, their 3 children and their two grandchildren, john, carl and paul are. the home was 6000 ft. and this is sandberg was able to use recycled material to line house with bookshelves that show his collection of 16,000 books. sandberg was hesitant to leave his home in michigan. mrs. sandberg had designed it, it perfectly fit his work schedule. there was a lovely room upstairs for him to work quietly for the rest of the house and not be disturbed by his wife or children in a dairy farm operation and he wanted to make sure his books and everything arrived to just as he had it in michigan, he was in the middle of a big project and he wanted to make sure all his materials arrived and that he could find them when the family arrived, so they sold every book off the shelf, pu

he hated abraham lincoln and he thought lincoln had usurped his authority. lee harvey oswald defected to the subject. he was ideological warrior. he was on the new orleans readership in august 63 talking about communism and marxism before he killed president kennedy. he had delusions of grandeur he wanted to be famous. he had many motives. james earl ray lived in the shadows. in fact, people often said they couldn't remember a thing about it. one of the surgeons who operated on his nose said it's funny, my business is faces. i can't remove a think about it. he lived anonymously. he did volunteer for the george wallace presidential campaign in california, became part of the oddball lot that hung out there. but ray didn't seem as if by that ideology. he didn't seem obsessed with dr. he didn't escape from prison to hunt down dr. martin luther king. he lived a life of riley for a year consorting with prostitutes, living in mexico, posing at a with a typewriter. he wanted to get into x-rated film making. he was a man on quest, self-improvement quest. he was a los

to abraham lincoln, this man was indispensable. this litany of adjectives was not applied to our next speaker, walter stahr. i already ruined the punchline. rather to the subject of his latest biography, the always fascinating edwin stanton. walter only shares the qualities that made stanton indispensable like diligence, persistence, and the ability to organize mountains of data. like stanton, walter stahr's background is in the law. after graduating from harvard, walter joined a law firm that focused on international law and this became walter's legal specialty with an emphasis on legal work relating to asia. walter's work went in a new direction in the early 2000 when he turned his attention to writing biographies of other notable lawyers in american history. his biography of john jay was published in 2005 to be followed by biographies of william seward and edwin stanton. he is currently working on a biography of salmon chase. i recently learned from walter that the library of congress was an important factor in his path to becom

we have elizabeth katie stanton who translated a bible, what's known as the woman's bible, and abraham lincoln but one of the highlighted -- this is really a cool case because not only does it have the original manuscript of juliet ward howe, battle hymn of the republic, but actually has a bible presented and given to abraham lincoln by a group of african americans from baltimore, in appreciation of his signing of the emancipation proclamation, they presented this bible to him. this would have been a very, very expensive bible. the emancipation proclamation is riddled with many biblical references as well. so really cool and dynamic case inserted here, what's known as confederate states new testimony. similar to what happened when america declared independence, the english ceased to supply america with goods. same thing happened from the north and south. what was established was confederate state bible society. this is the first new testament printed from the confederate state bible society, imprinted on the title page. this is a very rare new testament. these soldiers read their bibles, new t

of course, abraham lincoln . but one of the highlighted -- well, this is a really cool case. only does it have the original manuscript of julie ward howell, it has a bible presented to abraham lincoln by a group of african americans from baltimore in appreciation of his signing of the emancipation proclamation, they presented this bible to him. and this would have been a very, very expensive bible. the emancipation of proclamation itself is riddled with biblical references as well. it's a really cool and dynamic case, kind of inserted here is what is known as the confederate states new testament. very similar to what happened when america declared her independence, the english ceased to supply america with goods. the same thing happened from the north and the south. so, what was established was the confederal states bible society. and this is the first new testament printed from the confederate states bible society which is actually imprinted on the title page. this is a very, very rare new testament because these soldiers, they read their bibles, their new testaments. it was

of the "battle hymn of the republic" but it is a bible presented to abraham lin are co can -- abraham lincoln from a group of the war who presented it to him. this would have been very expensive. and it is riddled with bible verses as well. and so what is document ed here is the confederate state's new testament. and similar to what happened when america declared the independence, and the english ceased to supply america with goods, the same thing happened from the north and the south, and so, what is established is that the kconfederate state's bible society, and this is the first new testament printed from the confederate state's bible society imprint on the title page. this is a rare new testament because these soldiers are equally important to the south as it who was the north. and most of these were destroyed because they took them into battle with them, and basically one of the only comforts that it could actually have. and so today, we find out maybe an hour or two hours ago that billy graham had passed away. we know that he is a very strong and influential person in america and not on

. >> abraham lincoln famously said the united states is a government of the people, by the people, for people. when president lincoln said these words, only a select portion of the populace was allowed to vote. >> >> our country has inspired to give everyone an equal voice in politics. we have never lived up to that promise. from the very founding of the nation, the deck is stacked in the favor of white wealthy men. through several hundred years of struggle, we have expanded political power to more and more people, communities, women, people of color. we need to keep fighting to realize that thomas. -- promise. it's embedded in the language of the constitution. >> one way people are being denied it through something called gerrymandering. the legislator uses gerrymandering to dilute the influence of a certain demographic of people. if they are crying to set up a certain party or split up ethnic groups. it is nothing new. in 1812, the governor of massachusetts drew his district in a way that allowed one party to gain 72% of available seats in a very close election. the districts were od

they wanted to do it even more than abraham lincoln.we were like abraham lincoln and he finally got to draw and he drew every ribbon and he was so detailed. we sent it to her friend who used to work at nasa. we always send our books to the topic that we had. we had dr. king. you know, we had the writers of march. we had representative lewis read the book for us because he was fair. we were like this is we have to do. john lewis is reading his book, i hope i don't mess it up because it is his life, to. the guys used to work at nasa and he came back and it's like you guys are such nerds. you're going to love the book. i will tell you this one secret. don't tell anyone even though there's a national television idea watching this. when you read i am neil armstrong. i'm going to say it here. when you read that come in to see where he to the mid-and i wanted it to be just immense. i wanted it to feel as big as it looks. it just wasn't working. so i asked when he looks back, it defaults out both ways and it's a giant spread like this in get to

why are you looking at and abraham lincoln?all i i could think of was to l him the story that my grandfather had told me about his early visits to his great grandfathers house, that over the front door was a cross, and over the back door was a picturf abraham lincoln. and for a moment i realized how far i have come from madison park. the day that i was leaving to go to scotland is one that i will forever remember. i was packing my suitcase is a bit heavy apart knowing that perhaps, just perhaps this opportunity, as great as it was, would not allow me to see my grandparents live out their lives. that one of them surely would probably die while i was away. could i abandon this couple that it meant so much to me and made such a sacrifice for my own development and growth? thinking those thoughts and hurrying in the house to finish packing, my grandmother came in and she said to me, you need to come out. there's a lot of noise outside. and i went up to the back porch, and i swear all of madison park was there. all the people that g

>> ...leading abraham lincoln to replace general george mcclellan with ambrose burnside, who has thecks but none of his self-confidence. >> now file right in the line. >> jackson races to stop burnside's drive to take the rebel capital of richmond, but on the march, he receives life-changing news. >> this just came for you, sir, from mrs. jackson. >> thank you, captain douglas. >> ♪ oh, sisters ♪ let's go down ♪ down in the river to pray >> what does it say, sir? >> i cannot tell you. my joy is to great to have anyone intrude upon it. >> jackson was an orphan who wanted a family, and it took him a while to fulfill that ambition. his first wife, ellie, had died giving birth to his stillborn son. his second wife gives birth to a daughter, and jackson hears about this, and he basically doesn't tell anybody. >> jackson is concerned that, if he expresses too much joy, that god will take his child or maybe his wife from him. now, that is interesting, because jackson is a man who believed that god had a plan for all of us. >> ♪ down in the river to pray >> jackson has little time to dwell o

in illinois where abraham lincoln had a long political career at he was captivated by the story out to write a children's book at a later wrote a six volume over a million word biography of made-- abraham lincoln which him a pulitzer prize. it's about 35 miles southeast of asheville and when they moved here 1945 they came with mr. and mrs. sandburg, their three children, helga, margaret and janet and their two grandchildren. the home was adequate for a family of that size. the home was about 6000 square feet and mrs. sandburg was able to use recycled material to line the entire house with bookshelves to hold his collection of 16000 books. carl sandburg was hesitant to leave his home in michigan. the family built that home and mr. sandburg had designed it. it perfectly fit his work schedule. there was a lovely room upstairs for him to work quietly from the rest of the house and it not be. he wanted to make sure his books and everything arrived just as he had it in michigan. he was in the middle of a big project and he wanted to make sure the materials arrived and he could find th

. >> a lot of people don't realize that abraham lincoln, the great abraham lincoln was a republican.people remember but republicans are the party of abraham lincoln. >> most people don't even know he was a republican, right? does anyone know? a lot of people doesn't knn't k. >> people forget. >> you don't realize how important you are. >> people don't know it. canada is very smooth. >> people don't realize canada has been very rough. >> france is america's first and oldest ally. a lot of people doesn't know that. >> china puts barriers on trade. a lot of people don't even know that. >> what many people don't know is that south korea is a major trading partner with the united states. >> the economy in italy is one of america's trading partners. a lot of people don't know that. >> iraq has among the greatest oil reserves in the world, which a lot of people don't even know. >> a couple of papers said donald trump doesn't realize that the crimea was already taken. i know two years ago approximately. >> i also know things other people don't know. >> what do you know that other people don'

tv was recently at fort's theatre in washington dc for the 21st annual symposium hosted by the abraham lincoln institute and the ford's theatre society. talks about star the role edward stanton played after lincoln's assassination, including overseeing the trials of the conspiratorial. conspirrials of the ators. >>

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the party of his good friend, abraham lincoln? who knew douglass was appointed by three different republican presidents in local positions in the district of columbia, to the then upper chamber of the board of directors council, then as d.c. recorder of deeds and then as u.s. marshall for the federal and for the district of columbia court. who knew that frederick douglass ran in the primary for delegates of the house of representatives, the position i now hold, but was defeated by another republican who became a member of congress. watch out, eleanor. who knew that republican presidents were always in search of new ways to use douglass' enormous talents, appointing him to serve as u.s. minister to haiti and assistant secretary of the commission of inquiry to santa domingo. who knew? who knew that frederick douglass could not live in the district of columbia without becoming a champion for d.c. residents to have the same rights as americans who live in the state. who knew? not even frederick douglass knew or could have envisioned t

there is the abraham lincoln association, based in springfield. and there was the lincoln national foundation in fort wayne, indiana. these organizations were involved in sponsoring and popularizing the history of lincoln, helping people collect lincoln related paraphernalia, signatures, original photos. washington reached out to them when he started his work and he wanted to know if they knew any information about somebody like elizabeth tetley. these organizations had clipping files. he made one trip out to illinois and that is where he found out about lincoln's barber in springfield. he had been born in haiti and immigrated to the united states and became a prominent person in springfield. for the most part, the members of the lincoln establishment were helpful to washington. they received his letters. he said, i am doing this, they were encouraging and said it would make a good book. the colored side of lincolniana, as washington called it at one point. with the help of the library of congress, he got a book contract. there were some difficulti

it is open to question whether or not because the public and party was very much abraham lincoln partyand very much ronald reagan's party and it's open to question whether it will become donald trump's party. >> host: what's your take on this industry of republicans criticizing donald trump? >> guest: i think it is healthy and vital. the discourse is healthy for both parties and both parties need to have these internal debates to see what they stand for. this is the beauty of the platforms which have been taken over by the consultants now. it used to be the week before the convention was platform week and the convention delegates were selected for foreign, domestic policy and these were housewives, ministers, religious leaders, military leaders, small businessmen and normal people from all walks of life would get together and they would take testimony from captains of industry and ambassadors and cabinet secretaries and then they would write everyday americans would write these very wonderful dedicated complicated platforms that became the basis for the party in that election year. the

susan: did he ever meet abraham lincoln? kamal maclarin: yes, on several occasions. we find the more popular meeting was when he actually was pushing for -- he met with lincoln at the white house, pushing for the advancement of colored troops in terms of their conditions, also demonstrating that the african-american soldier would be very instrumental in putting that death knell in the confederacy. susan: if you look at the arc of his life and career, when was the zenith of his influence? kamal maclarin: i would say that it was when he was the editor and owner of the north star. he would write editorials for other publications, but he used that medium-term really truly advocate for all people, all individuals, all sexes, in terms of his idea of trying to achieve true equality. susan: how did he find the financing for the northstar? kamal maclarin: the financing came through different streams. a lot of prominent philanthropists would also support his cause. garrett smith was a known abolitionist and also supported his newspaper ventures, and he would also raise money o

abraham lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus a number jailing, leading to the of some northern editors. donald trump has not done anything like that. theodore roosevelt instructed his attorney general to indict the publisher joseph pulitzer for articles his newspaper published containing accusations of corruption with respect to the building of the panama canal. donald trump has not come up with anything like the modern equivalent of that, even as a way to further torment attorney general sessions. these were three of the greatest , two ofs who ever lived them carved in stone on mount third a more than worthy intellectual sparring partner with thomas jefferson. president trump is not, by any means, the first president to be unhappy with the press or to express in one way or another his strong feelings about it. is of my favorite stories thomas jefferson writing it sayinge was president that he thought all newspapers ought to be divided into four parts. probabilities, possibilities, and lies. he said the first part would be the slimmest. behavior -- misbehavior i would say -- wi