up next we visit the abraham lincoln library and museum. >> the abraham lincoln presidential library museum opened its doors in 2005, but our collection goes back much further. in 1889, they established the illinois state historical library and ever since that time, we have been collecting all the pressures that help illustrate illinois' wonderful past and as you might imagine, the illinois story is not complete without a really close look at abraham lincoln's life. in our lincoln collection, we have about 52,000 pieces that cover every aspect of abraham lincoln's life. that collection would include about 18,000 monographs written about abraham lincoln. he is the most written about american ever which is quite staggering. on any given day a visitor to the museum is able to see about 100 original pieces from our collection that are on display and there is always a reason to come back to the abraham lincoln presidential museum because we are rotating those items out and putting new pieces on display all the time. we always like to say a visitor that comes to the museum today, if you co

from 1840 until 1876 . >> some of the well-known events that occurred in this building were abraham lincoln's house divided speech that he gives in 1858 and after lincoln's assassination in 1865 his body lies here in state for nearly 75,000 people came to this building in a 22 hour time period to pay their us respects to the fallen president. the population of illinois is starting to move northward. when springfield is established, this tiny little town of about 1500 is actually larger than a small outpost in lake michigan called chicago. springfield becomes the capital city central location in illinois. as the population starts to expand northward the ideas of slavery begin to change. lincoln comes to the building in 1840 as a representative. after lincoln's assassination in 1865 his body lies here in state where nearly 75,000 people came to this building in a 22 hour time period to pay their respects to the fallen president. as springfield becomes the state capital in 1839 the population of illinois is starting to move northward. when springfield is established this tiny town of about 1500

this nation, abraham lincoln half cannot endure being slave and half free. he goes on to say it will all become one thing. lincoln outlines the ideas that this nation should be a completely free nation, and that the united states overnment should deem that everyone in the united states is free. not to be subject to the tierney slavery. in 1858, when abraham lincoln gives the house divided speech with large upted applause afterwards, because of the fact that abraham lincoln as surrounded by all of those people of the same political party. and his ideas definitely were radical, but he would feel confident that he could go on steven douglas, debate him nine different times in central illinois and go on to win. douglas, however, being a very, very good orator, would go on to election. after abraham lincoln loses the senate seat lincoln does not political office until that of the presidency. when he runs for the president 1860, even utilizing this building for his campaign headquarters. some gentlemen came to abraham lincoln's house one evening, and would you him,

during the 1860 campaign for president, abraham lincoln utilizes this as his campaign headquarters oris office. we have an original newspaper for an artist who illustrated this room when it lincoln had his reception here. up as it would have been in 1860. one of the most unusual things in this room is the large wooden chain that hangs in the corner. we do not know a lot about the wooden chain. in the original newspaper illustration. we have reproduced the chain. it was given to abraham lincoln by a well wish or 62 came from wisconsin. that gentleman said he carved it out of a single piece of. some scholars have put on their thinking caps and thought about the significance the hind the chain. abraham lincoln will go on to become president in 1861, breaking the chains of slavery. maybe there is significance about a chain. it was not until the civil war that we started referring to the u.s. as a singular noun. the civil war we talked about these united states with an emphasis being put on the individuality of the state. after the civil war, the nation got the emphasis. this is one piece

ofy illustrate the life abraham lincoln. you first the oldest piece of writing he did that survived. of paper thate abraham lincoln got his hands on in 1824 when he was living in the cabin in the middle of the wilderness. he got his hands on 11 pieces of paper just like this. he made a little notebook. he used this to work his way through a textbook. you can see, he worked his way off -- through all sorts of mathematical problems. multiplication, he is a little boy that is trying desperately to acquire an education. abraham lincoln had less than a year of formal education. a lot of his education is really self-taught. he picks it up by working his way through little textbooks. in thatthe first page notebook. i think it is quite remarkable. i will show you a couple of my favorite things. this is the first autograph that survives. look how clearly he wrote his name as a young teenage boy. he told us in his autobiography that he wrote for the election that his father had never done more in the way of writing then to sign his ow

alan: the city of springfield, so much of it is built around that legacy of abraham lincoln. illinois is the land of lincoln. springfield certainly is the city of lincoln. his home is here, his old law offices are here, and of course he is buried on the outskirts of town at oak ridge cemetery. lincoln is extraordinarily important to the city of springfield. this museum was built in 2005. it was opened to the public. it had been a dream for many folks in central illinois, a presidential library for the greatest president. the purpose of the library is very basic, to preserve and pass on the legacy of abraham lincoln. he is the man i think best encapsulated what it means to be american, freedom and equality, opportunity. we do put him on a pedestal rightly, but also he was a human being and had great ambitions to do great things. he certainly succeeded in that. abraham lincoln was born in 1809 in kentucky. he lived there just for a few years. he was six or seven when he moved to indiana, lived through his teens in indiana. he grew up on the frontier. he had a lot of front -- har

on the republican side you have the portrait of abraham lincoln. the rivalry between lincoln and douglas began from the beginning. always around and always the leader. theoln became leader of whigs party so they were always rivals. it was a small community at the .ime they went to the same functions, to the same parties and got along on a personal level. there are both rivals for mary todd lincoln. lincoln obviously won. douglas always seemed like he was eclipsing lincoln. his career went so fast. he was secretary of state, and on the illinois supreme court, he became it powerful and well-known u.s. senator while lincoln spent four terms in the legislature and then his political career was over and it seemed like a glass's star was rising and lincoln was falling. as slavery heated up, lincoln got back into politics. major douglas had some disagreements and in 1858 they ran for senate against each other. douglas won but rather than lincoln getting discouraged, douglas mayday national name for himself. douglas agreed to debates and that put lincoln on

alan: the city of springfield, so much is built around that legacy of abraham lincoln. springfield is the city of lincoln. his home is here, his speeches, his law offices, and he is buried on the outskirts of town at oak ridge cemetery. he is extraordinarily important. this is the always built in 2005. it had been a dream for many folks in central illinois, presidential library for the greatest president. the purpose is to pass on the legacy of abraham lincoln. he is the man who best encapsulated what it means to be american. the whole idea of what america is about freedom and equality, , opportunity. we put him on a pedestal rightly, but also, he was a great human being. he had great ambitions to do great things, and he certainly succeeded in that. abraham lincoln was born in 1809 in kentucky. he lived there for a few years. he moved when he was six or seven years old when hosted indiana, and lives through his teens in indiana. he grew up on the front year, so he had -- he grew up on the ier, so he had a lot of work to do. he was determined to move beyond his hard life.

that is there when abraham lincoln is sworn in. there's already one opening on the supreme court. the second, about a month after lincoln's sworn in as president, justice john maclean dies. maclean had been on the court for a very long time. he had been appointed by president jackson in the 1830's. he started out as a jacksonian democrat. by this point, he was kind of an anti-slavery whig and ultimately a member of the republican party. he was one of the two dissenters in the dred scott case. afters about a month lincoln has actually stepped into the presidency. after, 20bout 30 days some odd days after maclean's death, john archibald campbell steps down from his seat on the supreme court. he was a southerner from the state of alabama. he resigns and ends up as the assistant secretary of war for the confederacy. it is interesting if we think about the southerners on the supreme court. there were a few other southerners who were part of the majority in dred scott. they are loyal unionists and stay on the supreme court. john archibald campbell is the only southerner who steps down. t

>>> the dedication of the lincoln memorial took place in 1922 almost 60 years after abraham lincoln's death. next harold holzer talks about his book monument man, the life and art of daniel chester french which examines the life of the sculptor best known for the statue of lincoln that serves as the memorial centerpiece. this program from the annual lincoln forum symposium is about an hour. >> good afternoon and welcome to the second session of the lincoln forum. i want to make one correction before we get started, in your packets there are biographies and mind suggests that i and the provost at howard university. i think my boss the provost would be very surprised to hear that okay. that is him responding. so we will start with that but in any case i had the great pleasure of introducing harold holzer, i have known harold a quarter of a century. i'm reminded since the last century that's right but anyway i have known harold nearly a quarter of a century and have had the pleasure of working with him and frank both on and off publication and several national boards including this one.

we had a ceremonial procession for abraham lincoln with a symbolic coffin and wagon. and both the north and south joined in the procession. it was a high point for a rather low time in visalia history. that was a positive step. because it had become so hostile that i really doubted whether our town, that had only been a town for a decade, i couldn't see how it could survive what they were going through in that 1861-1865 period. it told me that we had capable leadership on both sides of the issue. that said "we have to do , something to save our town." they did it. announcer: by cities tour staff recently traveled to visalia, to learn more about its history. learn more at c-span.org/citie tour. you are watching american history tv, all weekend commit every weekend on c-span 3. in the 1950's and 60's, the cia secretly funded radio for europe, which a broadcast anti-communist propaganda. kenneth osgood talks about the programs that the u.s. operations, which sought funds of from politicians, corporations and american citizens. was 25 minute interview recorded at the amer

they spent six months a year away from each other. >> so we're on our way to abraham lincoln's tomb. >> there's the monument in front of us. it's a beautiful monument, and as you can see, it is in a park-like setting, which was mary's desire for him because that's what he wanted. she fought hard for this because the city wanted to have him in the center of the city, where the bustle of the town and the tourists could come, but she said he didn't want that. he did not want that. he wanted to be buried in quietness. so when she told the city planners that you either give me my way for my husband or he's going to be buried in washington, and they prepared a spot for him right next to george washington, in the capital, just in case that is what they needed to do, but she won the battle. >> abraham lincoln is buried here. is mary also here? >> mary is here. willy is here, eddy is here, and tad is here, or thomas. robert is not here. he is the only son who is not buried here. he is buried in arlington cemetery. so stop right here, and this is an actual three-quarter reproduction of the edw

abraham lincoln obviously won. some local wags might say he lost, but lincoln obviously won. douglas always seemed like he was eclipsing lincoln. his career went so fast. he was secretary of state, on the illinois supreme court. he was elected to congress. he became a powerful and well known u.s. senator. lincoln spent four teams in the legislature, one term in congress, and his political career was over for a while. as the slavery issue heated up, lincoln got back into politics. he and dulgheru has had some major disagreements. in 1858 they ran for senate against each other. douglas won. but reasoner getting discouraged, lincoln had made a national name for himself. two years later he ran for president and defeated douglas and two other candidates and was elected. . so that is reflected in this building, a building that neither one of them served. doing has actually died in 1861 before the end of the civil war, and lincoln died at the end of the civil war in 1865. the building construction didn't start until 1868. so they never served in this building, but they were the two

south dakota stands mount rushmore george washington thomas jefferson theodore roosevelt and abraham lincoln mount rushmore took fourteen years to carve beginning in one nine hundred twenty seven when calvin coolidge was president he did not make the cut nor did fifteen subsequent presidents so odd president's day weekend our question for the panel including you the viewer is if we were carving mt rushmore to day which four presidents would you pick tweet for names and your reasons to me at holland cook mitch you're up first. well first we have to remember it took fourteen years obviously a government project that. well you talk so. i would say george washington because he was our founder and also because he put forth the president that we don't you know the king and therefore the most people limitations on presidencies abraham lincoln went through an internal war of one part of the country against the other and the slavery issue i would also say franklin roosevelt because of the depression the economic war we were at and the world war we were at which we ultimately succeeded and serving for

abraham lincoln was always somebody i wanted to learn more about.ope that if i started and, i can find another angle. david: lyndon johnson was colorful and his language. when you listen to tapes, you do not hear any curse words. ? doris:doris: or they excerpt did or did just not talk that way when he was on those tapes, he had a button in his office and whenever he was talking to a senator or congressman, he wanted to take the conversation because they made deals on the phone. and he wanted to hold the guy to the deal later on. it is never just force. it is charm. somebodywing what wants. some of you might want to be on a historical committee. to bring theeople republican filibuster to an end. he offers and everything. him aked -- he offers plus mastership -- postma stership. he says if you can help me break this filibuster, 200 years from now schoolchildren will know to names. abraham lincoln and everett dirksen. so these tapes are just fantastic. we worked on them when we were working on the memoirs. when we went down to the ranch to help him on

processionremonial for abraham lincoln with a symbolic coffin and wagon. in both the north and south -- and both the north and south joined in the procession. it was a high point for a rather low time in visalia history. that was a positive step. it had become so hostile that i really doubted whether our town that has only -- that had only been a town for a decade, i couldn't see how it could survive what they were going .hrough 1861-1865. -- theree they were was capable leadership on both sides of the issue. they said "we have to do something to save our town." they did it. >> our cities to her staff recently traveled to visalia, california to learn about its rich history. learn more about visalia and other stops on our tour at c-span.org/cities tour. you're watching american history tv, all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. history,n lectures in the landscape painter before the civil war enlisted with the union armies second vermont volunteers and witnessed the 1862 battle of antietam firsthand. shepherd university professor james brimhall teaches a cla

abraham lincoln was always somebody i wanted to learn more about.ope that if i started and, i can find another angle. david: lyndon johnson was colorful and his language. when you listen to tapes, you do not hear any curse words. doris: or they excerpt did or did just not talk that way when he was on those tapes, he had a button in his office and whenever he was talking to a senator or congressman, he wanted to take the conversation because they made deals on the phone. and he wanted to hold the guy to the deal later on. it is never just force. it is charm. it is knowing what somebody wants. some of you might want to be on a historical committee. he talks to people to bring the republican filibuster to an end. he offers and everything. he offers him a postmastership. he says if you can help me break this filibuster, 200 years from now schoolchildren will know two names. abraham lincoln and everett dirksen. so these tapes are just fantastic. we worked on them when we were working on the memoirs. when we went down to the ranch to help him on his memoi

abraham lincoln is someone i always wanted to learn more about. i hoped i could figure out a different angle. carol: -- david: i always thought lyndon johnson was always intimidating people. when you listen to the tapes, you don't hear any curse words. did he just not talk that way? >> the interesting thing is when he is on those tapes, he had a button in his office. never it was talking to a senator or congressman, he wanted to take the conversation. they would make deals on the phone. it was never just force. it is charm, knowing what each senator or congressman wants. you want to go on this commission? i will send you to france. you want that, you got that. he is trying to bring dirksen to bring the republicans to break the senate filibuster on civil rights in 1964. he offers him everything. you wanted to come to springfield? i will come. you want to post mastership in fewer area? -- peoria? republicansring with me, 200 years from now, your children will know only two names, abraham lincoln and edward dirksen. these tapes are just fantastic. we

abraham lincoln was somebody that i wanted to learn more about. i hoped that i could figure out a different angle. wasd: lyndon b. johnson always colorful in his language. when you listen to tapes, you do not hear any curse words. did he not talk that way? doris: when he was on those tapes, he had a button in his desk office. whenever he was talking to a senator or congressman and he wanted to tape the conversation, because they would make deals and he wanted to hold the guy to the deal. it is never just force, it is charm, and knowing what each man wants. one might want to go on a trip to europe. another one might want to be on a historical committee. dirksen andg to trying to bring the republicans to break the filibuster on a civil rights and he offers them everything. you want an ambassadorship? do you want me to go to springfield, i will come. toknows that dirksen wants be remembered for something. he says, if you can bring republicans to break the filibuster, do you know what will happen? schoolchildren will know two names. abraham lincoln, a

next, we is at the abraham lincoln library and museum. it opened its doors in 2005. our collection goes back much further. in 1889 they establish the illinois state historical library and ever since that time, we have been collecting all the treasures that help illustrate illinois wonderful past. as you might imagine, the illinois story is not complete really close look at abraham lincoln's life. in our collection we have about 52,000 pieces

. >>> the city of spring field, so much of it is built around that legacy of abraham lincoln. his home is here. the old state capitol, his old law offices are here and he's buried on the out skirts of town. lincoln is extraordinarily important to the city of springfield. this museum was built in 2005. it had been a dream a long time of many folks here in central illinois. a presidential library for the greatest president. the purpose of the library is basic. to preserve and pass on the legacy of abraham lincoln. he had great ambitions to do great things and he succeeded in that. he was born in 1809 in kentucky. he moved when he was 6 or 7 up to indiana. he lived through his teens in inn inner loop. he grew up on the frontier. he had a lot of hard work to do. clearing land and being a farmer in many ways. you see a young lincoln putting focus on learning as much as he could. he knew he wanted to do something more with his life. from an early age he said he knew that if slavery wasn't wrong then nothing was wrong. he would have seen slavery growing up in kentucky. one of the reas

abraham lincoln was somebody that i wanted to learn more about. i hoped that i could figure out a different angle. david: lyndon b. johnson was always colorful in his language. i always heard was yelling at people, screaming at people. when you listen to tapes, you don't hear any curse words. did he not talk that way? doris: when he was on those tapes, he had a button in his desk office. whenever he was talking to a senator or congressman and he wanted to tape the conversation, because they wanted to make deals on the phone and he wanted to hold the guy to the deal. it's never just force. it's charm and knowing what each man wants. one might want to go on a trip to europe. another one might want to be on a historical committee. you want that? you got that. he's talking to dirksen and trying to bring the republicans to break the filibuster on a civil rights and he offers them everything. you want an ambassadorship? you want a postmaster ship in the aureus -- in p torilla -- peioria? i'll be there. do you want me to go to springfield, i'll come. he

now, abraham lincoln comes in and in 1860 he wasn't even on the ballot in seven southern states and he came in in some people's minds as a third party candidate, the first republican president ever. and you know, you can't say that it's a perk to be a wartime president when half the country took down the american flag and put up a confederacy flag during your tenure. lincoln is in a category of his own. certainly for franklin roosevelt being a wartime president, he was a polarized president in the sense of the new deal was big federal government, government at large and angered conservatives mightily and the name roosevelt was almost a curse word in conservative republican america. but world war ii made him our president. we were all in it together and suddenly everybody got behind f.d.r. for his industrial mobilization efforts, for his wise strategies from everything from d day to the manhattan project. and so, you know, he gets elevated. the big deal with presidents is they have words of necessity. i think we had to fight the war of 1812, mr. madison's war. but yet the mexican-americ

let's talk about abraham lincoln first.hat was the most difficult decision he had that you wrote about? doris: the most difficult was his decision to issue the emancipation proclamation. he knew when he came into office that the majority, overwhelming majority of the union soldiers and union people were fighting not for emancipation, but to simply restore the south and the north, to restore the union. once he made that decision that he was going to emancipate the slaves, he had to convince the cabinet, the troops, and the country. and he used his powers of persuasions. he visited the troops over 12 times, to active battlefields, and he would talk to soldiers. he said you can come to my house anytime you want to complain about the army. they began to trust him. the most amazing thing happens in august of 1864. the war is still going badly after gettysburg has been won the year before, and it looks like he cannot win the election in november. and all the bigwigs come to him and say, you have to go back and have the peace tabl

meets a woman who had seen abraham lincoln at the lincoln-douglas debates. him, i remembered he had a curious way of standing before he was to speak. with his hands clasped in front of him as if he was collecting his thoughts. they then unpacked the model and put it on display and the woman were there? and he wasn't. intuited it.mehow he called this his high water mark. president's day, beginning at 8 p.m. eastern, to learn more about the lincoln memorial. is american history t.v. all weekend, every weekend, on c-span 3. nearly 100 new members of the u.s. house this year, congresswoman iana presley. the boston based seventh district. she previously served as an of the bostonr city council. this isn't her first experience with congress. formerked for both representative joseph kennedy and former senator john kerry in her career. isresentative laurie trahan also a former congressionallal staffer. prior to her election, trahan was c.e.o. of a consulting firm. pappas has been involved in state and local politics 2000's,e early including an elected body that advi

by recentsaid biographers of abraham lincoln, including sydney blumenthal, who was here just a month ago, that haveam lincoln wouldn't been abraham lincoln without his wife. that after eight years of research and writing, mostame is true of the famous union civil war generals and their lives. charles fremont, george sherman andilliam ulysses grant wouldn't have been were without jessie ellen, nellie marci, ewing and julia dent. i learned that ellen sherman husband fromor her president lincoln in january of 1862. knewearlier reading, i that jessie fremont had lobbied the president on her husband's a few month's earlier. as a former congressional aide i was intrigued by their lobbying efforts and by the very different results they achieved. i wanted to know more about how theirwives influenced husbands' careers. i was confident that they had, in ase i was raised military family and learned very andy the strength, courage resilience required of military spouses. ellen. with jessie and after initial research decided to also tell the stories of the men whose career in the civil war roughly

he meets a woman who had seen abraham lincoln at the lincoln/douglas debates. she says to him, i remembered he had a curious way of standing before he was to speak. he stood with his hands clasped in front of him as if he was collecting his thoughts. they then unpacked the model and put it on display, and the woman said, you were there? he wasn't, but he had somehow sbut intuited it. >> join us this presidents' day at 8:00 p.m. eastern to learn more about the lincoln memorial. this is american history tv, all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. >>> did the conditions of world war i's treaty of versailles lead to world war ii? next on american history tv, university of toronto professor margaret mcmillen explores the 1918 armistice, the treaty's terms, and the expectations of germany and the allies at the end of world war i. ms. mcmillen is the author of "paris 1919: six months that changed the world." this one-hour talk was part of a three-day conference hosted by the national world war ii museum in new orleans. >> welcome back to the symposium. as we heard from

it has been said by recent biographers of abraham lincoln, including sydney blumenthal, that lincoln would not have been abraham lincoln without his wife. i can tell you that after years of research and writing, the same is true of the most famous union civil war generals and their wives. john charles freeman, george mcclellan, william sherman and ulysses s grant would not have been who they were without their wives. i first started this story 10 years ago when i was in graduate -- fromnd learned that early reading, i knew that jesse fremont had lobbied the president on her husband's behalf a few months earlier. as a former congressional aide, i was intrigued by their lobbying efforts, and by the very different results they achieved. i wanted to know more about how these wives influenced their husbands's careers. i was confident that they had because i was raised in a military family and learned very early the strength, courage required of military spouses. i began with jesse and ellen, and after research decided to also tell the stories of the wives of two men whose career trajector

sometimes they wrote about abraham lincoln. sometimes they wrote to him. raveled to washington to petition him. the wives were known to change their opinions of lincoln, and they are shifting views of the president influenced their action. perhaps as early as lincoln's election, jesse fremont thought to the rail splitter naive. decidedreafter, she lincoln was irrelevant when she urged her husband to issue his emancipation order in august of lincoln,out consulting who had so publicly wrestled in hise issue of slavery career. next, jesse disdains lincoln. her hurried trip to washington to rescue her husband's career ended badly. ,incoln listened carefully asked her questions, and then, just as you can imagine he would have done had she been a man, lost his temper when he heard her answers. jesse proceeded to lose her temper, too. concluding her visit by challenging the president's authority and her husband's name, demanding the president's correspondence with the players, urging her husband to print more copies of the emancipation order that the president had

we had a ceremonial procession for abraham lincoln with a symbolic coffin and wagon. and both the north and south joined in the procession. it was a high point for a rather low time in visalia history. that was a positive step. because it had become so hostile that i really doubted whether our town, that had only been a town for a decade, i couldn't see how it could survive what they were going through in that 1861-1865 period. it told me that we had capable leadership on both sides of the issue. that said, "we have to do something to save our town." they did it. announcer: the cities tour staff recently traveled to visalia, to learn more about its history. suzanne: we are headed today in downtown visalia. shopping malls were starting to spring up and people were moving outside of the town center. visalia made a very conscious effort to make sure that their downtown stayed very vital. so merchants on the downtown area in main street, you will tend to see locally-owned shops, restaurants, and entertainment venues. we have the fox theater. fox theater is one of the anch

abraham lincoln like you have never seen him before. honest abs. the gettysburg undressed. e when you woke up this morning, you said we are going to talk about mueller, jussie smollett, a shirtless abraham lincoln probably wasn't on the list. rob: a very flattering statue. empire actor jussie smollett charged in a hate crime for himself. if it turns out to be a hoax why would anybody do this? possible motives behind his actions. >> having a relationship -- jillian: pizza lovers rejoice. you don't have to feel guilty anymore for wanting to eat it for the most important meal of the day. we will explain. ♪ rob: a look at top headlines starting with a fox news alert. empire actor jussie smollett charged with a felony for staging a hate crime attack. you do for a bond hearing this afternoon, filing a false police report claiming masked men put a noose around his neck and shouted this is an aga country in downtown chicago along with other racial homophobic slurs. if convicted jussie smollett could spend three years in prison. special counsel bob mueller's probe expected to wrap up

the home of abraham lincoln. i'm sure that is why. spot onblack springfield's history. who would have thought there would be a race riot in the home of mr. lincoln? usually associate race riots in the south and lynchings in the south, but, no. this was in the north. it said we should remember our or we are condemned to repeat it. get to theill never wherein springfield something like that would happen again. are staff recently traveled to springfield illinois to learn about its rich history. learn more about spring field at sea spend at work. you are watching american history tv all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. mr. costello is a senior historian at the white house historical association. this 25 minute talk was part of a conference highlighting the work of william thornton, who is known as the capitol's first architect. william: i hope you are all sugared up. although, i don't know if you will need it.

brian: abraham lincoln was a private or whatever in the mexican war. d lincoln and grant ever cross paths in the mexican war? ms. samet: no. lincoln was in the blackfoot war, as it was called? his involvement in the mexican war -- brian: he was against it. ms. samet: he spoke out against it and was ridiculed as a result. i'm not even sure they would have known each other. by lincoln's own account of his war service, he says that he is very self-deprecating about his un-heroic war service. brian: here is an example of how you use literature. your words. grant's playful yet literary vignette calls to mind a moment in dickens' great expectations. ms. samet: great expectations was in my mind. it was serialized and published in the 1860's. you can see cadets at the time checking it out from the library and reading it. i associate it with that time period. there is a moment in great expectations when pip is apprenticed to a blacksmith, and has modest expectations until he gets an unknown benefactor. one of the first things that happens is he gets a new suit o

these are the gloves that were in abraham lincoln's pocket on the night of the assassination. you can see the remnants of the blood on these gloves today. >> join us on book tv as we speak with local springfield and this sunday we will learn about lincoln's ties to springfield on american history tv. watch c-span's cities

abraham lincoln like you have never seen him before.>> i don't think i should ever be asked again. >> i won with a score of zero. >> tucker: lowest score ever recorded in. the history we. >> people and little scores. >> tucker: greg gutfeld you win with zero. next time i see you i will award you our eric wemple victory mug. >> i can't give you gave him eric swalwell. >> come on. you are going to talk about this for the end of time. >> tucker: that may be how it's pronounced i don't know. >> have you him on the show all the time. i watch your show. >> he is our next president. >> tucker: thank you, have you entered the history books. >> thank you we are very honored. >> thank you, tucker. if that's your real name. a >> tucker: congratulations. that's it for this week's final exam if you can call it that. pay attention to the news each week tune in thursday to see if you can beat our pros, hint, yes, you can we'll be right back. >> absolut >> absolute justice would be an apology to this city that he smeared. admitting what he did and then

bizarreis here's what we know about abraham lincoln.was the 16th president, gave the gettysburg address, and issued the emancipation meoclamation. ing you probably didn't learn in school, he was a hotty. earlier this week, screenwriter ca across the statue and posted it to twitter with the caption, reminder, the la federal courthouse has a statue of abraham lincoln where he is a shirtless, young stud, like a "sports illustrator" swimsuit model. th photo sent twitter on fire, with users coming up with clever captions. writing, honest abs. the gettysburg un-dressed. >> oh, boy. >> one person joked the bare cheste abe could be the next calvin klein mosl. where doe the statue come from? the 8-foot hunk of limestone was sculed in is the 39 bihan sy ha, an art student who modelled it on his own physique. he made lincoln shirtless because it is better to show the body without clothes from a sculpting standpoint. it lives in the federal building, where iis giving mt. rushmore a run foris money. >> how have we not heard about this? >> it is in a