adalja: what china used were inactivated vaccines.t has validity but they are not necessarily as potent, especially against severe disease, hospitalization and death as mrna vaccines have been. the variants have made it clear these are not holding up. we saw china basically spreading conspiracy theories about u.s. vaccines, pfizer and moderna, which contained the virus in most places they were used. and the reticence for china to publish data on their own vaccines. if you look at all of that and couple it with the fact the elderly are refusing being vaccinated, and has put them in the situation where they have not taken the action they need to take and they are basically shunning the technology that would do it in favor of a homegrown, chinese mrna vaccine and not taking advantage of the fact there are two mrna vaccines that are widely successful. jon: given that -- very quickly -- for those trying to watch the recovery, what are the risks of a resurgence from your vantage point? dr. adalja: it is going to be disruptive because they d