joining me is danielle ramo, adjungrossor at ucsf. welcome to the program. >> thank >u. you and your colleagues published a study looking at the health effects mornings teens. what did you find? >> we looked at three groups of adlessants, one group who reported using an e-cigarette but other nicotine-containing prod3wts. another 0u7 who used e-cigarettes and also traditional cigarettes, d a third group of control, who had not used any nicotine-containing products in their lives. we found the presence ofsi metabolites, toxins that have links to cancer in the urine and saliva inhe e-cigarette only users compared to the controls. so that suggested to us that there are toxins pesent in the substances, and >>> we did look at that. within the group of teens who used e-cigarettes only, we evaluated the metabolite presence of those who reported using certain common flavors compared to those who did n usflavors. we found the presence of one metabolite among those who reported using fruit flavor. that's important, because fruit is the most commonly used flavor of e-garettes among