january, 1939, adolf hitler. >> the path of destruction started in poland, but soon it lid north and all europe. each new aggression was based on hitler's principle that, in war, victory, not right, is what matters. >> nonaggression treaty. it is firmly resolved to maintain peace between denmark and germany in awe circumstances. 31st of may, 1939. >> but on nine april, 1940, german troops invaded denmark. we go >> the german government is determined, and view of the friendly relations that exist between norway in germany, under no circumstances to prejudice the in viability and integrity of the norwegian state. 2nd of september, 1939. >> but on april 9th, 1940, german troops invaded norway. >> i'm sure the governments of belgium, holland and luxembourg, that germany will not violate their neutrality. 6th of october, 1939, and off hitler. >> but on may 10th, 1940, german troops invaded belgium, holland and luxembourg. >> the firmly established reliable relationship from germany to yugoslavia, will represent an element of calm for our nerve wrecked continent. 1st of june, 1939, adolf hi

nor was this final strategy of rebirth through common ruins something special born of adolf hitler only. the german general's staff, like the jap general staff, who were old hands at it. these were the worlgds of the general talking before the berlin military academy at the outset -- starvation works more effectively, especially among the young. >> starvation works more effectively, especially along the young. unquestionably, of all of the victims in the program against whole populations, the most pitiful had been the most precious, the young. even after liberation, the airs to the access legacy of fear, hunger and hate, to be nourished in an atmosphere of desperation for a destiny of despair, calculated to supply the new tools, the new hitlers, tojos and mussolinis of an even bloodier tomorrow. but with the lesson of two world wars to learn from, if any of us among the united nations give fascism a cunningly open plan to revival by being a fool to neglect this, or this, the access legacy in action as the true cost in terms of tomorrow begins to show itself, dissension, distress, despai

nor was this final strategy of rebirth through common ruin something special born of adolf hitler onlyrman general staff, like the jap general staff were old hands at it. these were the words of general von ruinsted talking through the berlin academy at the outset. >> we germans must number twice the population of our neighbors. therefore we shall be compelled to destroy one-third of the population of all adjacent territories. >> we can best achieve this through systematic malnutrition -- in the end far superior to machine guns. starvation works more effectively especially among the young. >> starvation works more effectively, especially among the young. unquestionably, of all the victims in the program of whole populations, the most pitiful have been the most precious. the young. even after liberation to the access legacy of fear, hunger and hate, to be nourished in an atmosphere of desperation, for destiny of despair calculated to supply the new tools, the new hitlers, tojos and mussolinis of an even bloodier tomorrow. with the lessons of two wars to learn from, its company to the ro

nor was this final strategy of re-birth through common ruin something special borne of adolf hitler onlyke the old general staff, they were old hands at it. the words of the general talking before the berlin military academy at war's outset. >> we germans must number twice the population of our neighbors. therefore, we shall be compared to destroy one-third of the population of all adjacent territories. ke c we can best achieve this through it system ic malnutrition. >> starvation works more effectively, especially along the young. among the young. ♪ [ baby crying ] >> unquestionably, of all the victims in the program against whole populations, the most pitiful have been the most precious. the young. even after liberation the heirs to the access legacy of fear, hunger and hate to be nourished in an atmosphere of desperation or destiny of despair calculated to supply the new tools, the new hitlers, tojos and mussolinis of an even bloodier tomorrow, but with the lesson of two world wars to learn from, if any of us among the united nations give fascism it's cunningly open road to revival by

america's own etiology of ideology.-- own eti event that even roosevelt had no control, the rise of adolf hitler and the nazi terror in europe. in outbreak of war in europe september of 1939, the primary attention of the nation. roosevelt became focused on the events unfolding in europe. to understand roosevelt's approach to the crisis, it is necessary to consider the attitude of the american people toward foreign involvement. immediately following world war i, the nine states was quickly overcome by a spirit of isolationism -- the united states was quickly overcome by spirit of isolationism. particularly after the appearance of historians work that claimed that germany was not to be blamed solely for world war i and that we should not have gotten involved. many americans adopted that belief. what developed was a strong and pervasive attitude of isolationism. the most egregious example of how strong this feeling was could be seen in the proposal in congress almost enacted known as the ludlow amendment, which if passed, would have prohibited american involvement in war unless approved by national

this admirer was none other than adolf hitler, who knew something about marching to objectives. all of these projects i have been talking about involved a fundamental change in governmental -- in financial structure. economic policy, i should say. it is because they involve a tremendous amount of federal expenditures. the prevailing belief was the government should always maintain a balanced budget. if that were to be done in these times, taxes would have to be enormous to balance the budget in light of these expenditures. there was a theory at that time promoted by a british economist by the name of john maynard keynes. we refer to it as keynesian economics. i am not an economist but i think the essence of it is in theory that to combat a depression or to help a struggling economy, the government should not be concerned about balancing the budget. you cannot do that and succeed so you have to run a deficit in that you cannot raise taxes so much as to offset the expenditure. keynesian economics resulted in the creation of an unbalanced budget, which we still have. which prevaile

or god forbid adolf hitler had a monopoly on the first true weapon of mass destruction.in any case, about a month after the explosion, oppenheimer comes to the white house and he sits down with truman and by this point he's racked with second thoughts and says mr. president, i have these terrible regrets. i feel i have blood on my hands. truman says don't worry about it, i gave the order. i have the blood on my hands. he leaves and truman says to his staff i never want to see that son of a bench in this office again. >> is such a moment. you also tell a story in the book i hadn't heard before and i want you to tell the whole story the part about the pulitzer and william lawrence with "the new york times" and the opportunity he had in the project and how all that turned out. >> william leonard lawrence was a science reporter for "the new york times" and he had won a pulitzer prize for writing an article on a scientific project. he also thinks to himself this is going to be an immense story and i want it told right. this is another example of the difference between the uni

early on, americans are very interested in the rise of this new world leader, adolf hitler. so what we show here is a number of magazines from 1932, 1933, 1934, at the beginning of the nazi regime. you see hitler on the cover of vanity fair and time and news week. this one is particularly fascinating. that is joseph gerbils on the cover of time magazine, july 10th, 1933. there is a 3000 word article in this magazine covering nazi germany. what you see even on the cover, under the words minister of propaganda, is say it in your dreams, jews are to blame. so americans who were picking up magazines like this, these are popular magazines, they could have read about the rise of fascism in germany. but what is not hidden here is the fact that antisemitism is essential to nazi ideology. this doesn't mean that americans could have predicted in 1933 that mass murder is to come by the 1940s. but it also does not allow us to say we did not know. we can't let americans of the 19 thirties -- 1930s off the hook that easily. we wanted to tell a lot of individual stories in the exhibition.

either reconstituting the german reich or keeping alive the spirit of the reich and the spirit of adolf hitler. this is a fringe group. they are not really to be taken seriously. i think a greater concern is not those who a great concern is not those who escape justice and those who may have had ambitions to pull together the tattered remnants of the german empire back into -- and reconstituting it in some fashion. but those in germany and elsewhere in europe, it is not just germans by my means who feel that the spirit of the third reich somehow should be honored and should -- you cannot be legally a nazi in germany. the germans have been extraordinarily capable in the past 75 years, first, of educating all germans, particularly younger germans about what had happened and who was responsible for it, but it is difficult to snuff out this virus of fascism. and we see it cropping up in hungary, we see it in other places in eastern europe. we see little sparks of it in portions of germany and it is very concerning. and we see it wherever there are populous who want to take the route of fascism or

the candidate was adolf hitler. when klaus and his brother learned this, they were dismayed. hindenburg, they could not support him. immediately, the socialist party kicked them out. the communists said, come be with us. klaus hesitated but eventually, they both joined, and they never looked back. they did not join because they were communists. they joined because they wanted to fight the nazis and they saw the socialists were not fighting the nazis. the socialists and the communists hated each other. >> their council voted to kill them there was a riot they they got beat up, and the students around the university and the right were yelling thrown in the fjord that was a piece of the baltics sea and this was in february. you couldn't be in there except for a few minutes they threw him in. all he ever said about it was that he swims out. it was very traumatic. he ended up in berlin a few weeks later. the gestapo was after him. there was resist or in the underground. they were trying to get people to mobilize against the nazis. they were risking their lives every single minute.

his father worked in germany during the rise of adolf hitler.n to -- he was soon a harvard professor and he dedicated his entire life to doing what he could to defeat soviet communism, because he saw firsthand the and on himself to devastating life and how to comb combatly. you look at dean ach inson and avril harryman, they passed that on to ike and his administration, and of course dr. penske and all those who worked with him, including madeleine albright and ellen hayes. i don't think we give our state department enough respect and help them understand that they are heroes day in and day out. and thousands and thousands of people whose names we don't have time to mention, they work together to bring down the soviet union and to liberate 100 million people in eastern europe and to keep western europe free. >> yeah. well, i know for a fact, because of my dear friendship with your wife, how much we adore our fathers and i know for a fact how much she appreciates this dedication, and i'm just going to say i appreciate you coming to talk about thi

concerned that the nazis were going to get the atomic weapon before the us did or god for bid, that adolf hitler monopoly on the first weapon of mass destruction. in any case, about a month after the explosion, oppenheimer comes to the white house and he sits down with truman and by this point he's just lax with second thoughts and he says mister president, i have these terrible regrets area i feel i have blood on my hands and truman says don't worry about it. i gavethe order. i've got the blood on my hands . and oppenheimer leaves, and truman says to his staff i never want to see that sonofabitch in this office ever again . >> it was such a moment. you also tell a story in the book and i had not heard before. i want you to tell the whole story about the pulitzer and its reflective of warrants with the new york times and the opportunity that he had in this project in how all that turned out. >> again, this is with joy, you talk about the days and bad days writing, this is a good day. william leonard lawrence was a science reporter and a very distinguished science reporter for the new york times.

great war that the soviet union, our ally who had designed on europe much in the same way that adolf hitler had a decade earlier. and truman did leave with 22% approval rating. but as we've mentioned, we are all the beneficiaries of that rating. we are all the beneficiaries of the tough, unpopular decisions that harry truman made. it is in large part why the american century exploded in the 40s and 50s and the next several decades but why the united states became the power on the world stage and remained that way. >> absolutely. and to me the marvelous thing about truman like lincoln and i would argue george herbert walker bush is they were the right person for the moment. some of that is respective but one of the instincts is to tell ourselves a coherent story. but the other thing that gives, i think, confidence to presidents is the journey of harry truman. and i've talked to more than a few of them who understand that the 22% in realtime may be the price to be paid for the monuments of the future. and not that they're playing for monuments but they are human beings. everybody wants to be

or at least keeping alive the spirit of the rake and adolf hitler.s is a fringe group not to be taken seriously. greater concern is not those who missed justice or who had ambitions to put together the tattered remnants of the german empire and reconstitute it in some fashion. those in germany and elsewhere in europe, it's not just germans by any means, feel that the spirit of the third reich should be honored. you cannot be legally and nazi in germany. the germans have been extraordinarily capable at educating during all germans, particularly younger germans about what had happened and who was responsible. but it is difficult to snuff out this virus of fascist. you see cropping up in hungry, we see it in other places in history in europe. we see marks of it in portions of germany that is very concerning. and we see it wherever there is a populace who want to take the route of fascism and neil fascism. and try to feather that hatred. that is of a greater concern rather than any residual nazis from 1945. >> you wrote your last book about the discovery

police was suspended for shartremes were material in online chat rooms that included images of adolf hitler dfuictions of a e in a gas chamber. heike kleffner leads a non profit that supports victims of right wing violence. she's one of hundreds of people named on right wing death sts . >>rs we have police offiho supply right wing terror networks with information from enemies.se on political and we have police officers who spread anti-semitic d national cialist propaganda. reporter: ferat kocak, a leftn wing politicth turkish heritage, almost lost his life because of police collusion or negligence. a police inquiry admitted officers knew neo nazire planning an arson attack on kocak, but failed to inform him. >> the fire spread to the house and it was luck that we survived with my family. i get a lot messages with death threats and i'm not the only one. a lot of friends also get these death threats but they always say "we will wait for the right time to kill you."er report the government insists that 99% of police officers are anchored in the law and only a minority are rotten. a view echd b

across the atlantic, adolf hitler's german troops occupied nearly every inch of europe from france to to the baltic sea and north africa. in the pacific, the japanese army and navy already captured parts of china, manchuria, korea and a number of nearby islands. --rl harbor would soon >> monday morning, the first thing i did was go down to the army recruiting station and enlist in the service of my country. --as told >> you have to remember this country was very discriminatory, segregated and there was no change. first of all, black sailors as were noter se permitted into the navy. >> given the fact that i was in the segregated army, that made no difference. i joined the army to fight for the country, for my country, because i was born and raised and nurtured by this country. to slack offon because of the segregated or being in a racist society. narrator: african-americans' cipation in the armed forces was held by a firmly held belief. blacks would not mind segregation. lacks should be used only in service units. blacks should not command whites. >> the motivation was basic. i fought

mulder and scully investigate the claims of a woman whose parrot has been bothed by the ghost of adolf hitler that did not happen, you are correct. [ applause ] >> i'm good. >> jimmy: a teenager -- you are good. a teenager who controls insects realizes he's half insect, just like his mom. >> no. >> jimmy: yeah, that did happen, that was an episode. >> no! >> jimmy: yes. >> is it? what was it called? >> jimmy: it was called "lord of the flies." aaron paul was in that episode. >> no, he was not. [ laughter ] >> jimmy: i don't want to fight with you. but i'm just telling you what i have on the card. >> aaron paul was on "the x-files"? >> jimmy: yeah. [ laughter ] you should see it sometime, it was a great show. [ laughter and applause ] >> did i do my scenes with him? >> jimmy: what's that? >> did i do any scenes with him? >> jimmy: i don't think so but i haven't seen it for a longtime, i don't have the whole thing. all right. mulder and scully think they've traveled back in time only to find out they woke up drunk in an amish community. >> yes. >> jimmy: no. [ laughter ] >> but we did go to ami

across the atlantic adolf hitler's german troops occupied nearly every inch of europe, from france tobaltic sea and in north africa. in the pacific the japanese army and navy had already captured parts of china, manchuria, korea and a number of nearby islands. >> pearl harbor would stun the united states into war. >> monday morning the first thing i did was go down to the recruiting station and enlist in the service of my country. i was told there was no quota for black troops. >> they've got to remember that this country was very discriminatory, segregated and there was no change. first of all, black sailors as sailors per se other than as mess attendants or stewards weren't permitted into the navy. >> given the fact that i was in the segregated army, that made no difference. i joined the army to fight for the country, for my country, because i was born and raised and nurtured by this country. and i saw no reason to slack off because of the segregated, nor being in a racist society. >> african-americans' participation in the armed forces was regulated by firmly held beliefs. blacks s