maybe they realize or learn you need an apprenticeship to get licensed, says plumber adrienne bennetteships are five years. and you start out at maybe $15 an hour. to get to $40 an hour will take you five or six years. paul: plus, to get a job, isn't it who you know? few potential candidates know tradespeople, it seems. >> i did not know anybody. paul: manuel rios, a mr. rooter trainee, used to work on electric motors for $18 an hour with little prospect of making much more. but by chance, he met some plumbers there. >> they said they make a lot of money. i realized plumbing is never going to end because you always going to need a plumber. so the business is always going to be there. paul: the final barrier to entry in the trades is a familiar one, says electrician lamorte. >> there is a certain feeling that it's kind of like a white man's game, i hate to say it. people who are lgbtq, minorities, are a little bit intimidated by the boys club that exists. paul: and of course, women. added together, that's about two-thirds of the country. in the late 1970s, adrienne bennett was recruite