it very easy to exclude -- african-americans in the south to exclude african-americans from brad -- brought swaths of new deal programs. in north carolina there's a large demographic change. people from the north moving in and growing latinos, and people attempt to hold on to the old order. it's not a mistake see the draconian voting laws to allow people to do the same thing they would have been able to do 20, 30, 40, 50 years ago. i think the fight is important. so it's inextricably tied together so you're on the right path. yout is also strange, how couldn't gerrymander, everything was integrated. >> true. >> i think it is interesting the , first history is not particularly mysterious for black people. most black people are aware of this history because our grandparents who are still alive endured it. [applause] i would like to just ask a question. the policies were nefarious and intentional in segregating housing because, as you point out in your book, housing is sort of the gateway to all the other disenfranchisements. and so i guess the question i have is about what that -- you

he specializes in african-american and modern united states history, world war i, and african-american intellectual history. he is the author of "torchbearers of democracy: african american soldiers in the world war i era," which received the 2011 liberty legacy foundation award from the organization of american historians and the 2011 distinguished book award from the society for military history. he is also a part of so many projects that i continue to be talking about around the nation, as we are giving these teacher professional development workshops. one of those is called world war i america. you can find a video with him as well as some questions and things that he helped curate to really change how our students think about world war i. so it is a true pleasure to have dr. williams back. he is currently completing a book on w.e.b. dubois and world war i, just completing a radcliffe fellowship with harvard university. this morning, dr. williams will discuss african-american soldiers and the rise of the new negro. please help me in welcoming back to the museum and memorial our fri

some projects were built for african americans. that is what made the roosevelt administration progressive. other administrations might have built public housing only for whites and not for african-americans. so, and cities across the country, these segregated projects were built. it started in the new deal, segregated neighborhoods that were negative -- that were never segregated before. in the first half of the 20th century, there were many neighborhoods and areas in this country that worked it out. people of all races and ethnicities lived close enough and had to be able to walk to work it didn't have long distance. i talk in the book about langston hughes's autobiography. in which he referred to how he -- describes how he grew up in an integrated neighborhood. his best friend was polish, he dated a jewish girl in high school, it was an integrated neighborhood in cleveland. the federal government came in, demolished it on the guise of slum clearance and built segregated housing, segregated the neighborhood that he had known. exc

some freeere african-americans who join the army. when emancipation is issued there also asking americans who are still in service to -- in servitude, and do not know quite how to deal with their freedom or may not have heard about their legal freedom. one of the great mystery's of the civil war is how news of the proclamation spread to enslaved people. enslaved people freed themselves on the basis of their legal right to liberty, through the proclamation, when union armies were near, to which they could attach themselves. could you go back to the drawing four-minute? i will tell the story which i'm slow in getting to. i want to set the stage. keep in mind the culture of the day is that these artists are attached to union armies, covering the action. or covering cap life, because it is not a good idea to look down at sketchbook while shells are flying. so dated scenes intense -- in te nts. one day, during the siege of vicksburg, also in the grant miniseries, the last episode. this detail was not shown. grant is besieging vicksburg on

the first african-american on the supreme court. that is an important benchmark in his life, but i think it's actually a benchmark on the tail end of his real fame. i think the importance of marshall really stems from his work prior to that prefs probably the leading civil rights voice in this country throughout the '30s, '40s, '50s and i think who marshall was was an architect of the change of the legal structure of this nation to make it more in balance with the words and the ideas for the principles of the declaration of independence. he says the rules are the rules, but you make the rules work the right way they can really begin to make a more balanced and a better way of living for all-americans, not just for a few. so that i think who marshall is is a person who believed in equality, a person who believed in protecting the rights of the poor, protecting the rights of those people of color, protecting the rights of those who are being mistreated by the nation because they don't have wealth, because they don't have the kind of i

i did my phd coffee with the great african american general franklin. my sense is that american history is the history of afro, euro, native americans, and then later asian americans and other americans, and is while we have a museum for african american history, this is the museum of america. and so those of you who have not gone through the museum pm, or just here to here is in public, he should come back to see the whole museum. it is really spectacular. pierre >> you have to be here more than one day. scheduled this for several days and keep coming back. we will be glad to have you. i should add that john franklin was the head of this creation of the museum, head of the scholarly -- he wants to make sure we tell the unvarnished truth. that is what this museum tries to do, to tell a truthful story. sometimes it is painful. but the truth is the core but we try to do to make sure people understand. >> let us start with the truth about the third of martial. he passed a little bit more than a quarter of a century ago. there are probably significant numbe

of african-americans registered to vote she said not on my watch. and began mobilizing and organizing then we see that cataclysm that they still could not vote until we get the voting rights act of 1965 so with the first state of the union i got a chance to meet her than. she called the tear on - - attorney general holder after he thanked her for what she had done and said you gain get off my shoulders. [laughter] you gave a good speech but that was quite a moment with all of us they are she led the way. so a black woman should be president because i really do believe on the history of african-american women in this country who wells? so now is the time. >> in california for example voter suppression with campaign recently in an area at the last minute all of the precincts were just shut down at the last minute we had to fight to get a black - - backup. >> so it's like the mississippi plan of 1890 to make it sound reasonable to pass it off as rampant voter fraud the integrity of the ballot box it will sound reasonable. just like the mississippi plan

>> african americans were not ready to try on or return close. they were not permitted to hold credit lines. they were not permitted to use the beauty shops. they were not permitted to use the same water fountains. many department stores, for some folks, my students, for example, it is hard for them to remember department stores having every amenity you could possibly think of. in department stores, there were also beauty shops that african american women were not allowed to attend, or barbershops that african american men weren't allowed to use. typically, what is going on is that while they are able to shop in places, and he placed that white americans believed black people could taint biologically, african americans were not allowed to participate. >> the laureates is next out of trenton, new jersey, for the line for sit-in participants and family members good morning. >> good morning. >> go ahead, dolores. you are on with professor parker. >> i just want to say that i went to morgan state college. it was called college at the time in 1959. i

raise its first african-american troops until 1864. of the burned stuff was thrown into the rivers and thrown out, so it is amazing the draft wheel survived. and then the buildings might have been torn down and new structures took their place. but we want to look deeper into the human toll of this disturbance, the worst violence in memory. the second object of the evening does really speak to this in a very poignant and emotional and tragic white. -- tragic way. can we see our second object? it is a rare book. please,some background, harold. harold: this is an emotional story. this bible is an original bible so-calledsed at the colored orphan asylum, an institution for african-american orphans that was founded about tenure before -- 10 years before the draft riots, and was considered a model for the care of children. it had playrooms, gardens, sleeping quarters with very big windows to provide ventilation, and food, it had teachers, it had a population of orphans who, one of them went on to fight in the fabled 54th andachusetts regimen

he could not because he was african-american. and so eventually he settled on going to the howard university law school and it's there that he met charles houston, he came under the tutelage of charles houston and the rest as they say is history. because of houston marshall would devote the rest of his life, the rest of his career to the civil rights litigation. in fact, houston, hasley and marshall, these three attorneys would win almost as many cases for the naacp as most of the leading lawyers of the naacp had done in the previous 15 years. in other words, they were remarkably successful, especially marshall, especially thurgood marshall and of course, partly that success would lead to his being on the supreme court eventually. one of the things that i think has to be said about this, though, the irony of all this is that houston, hasley and marshall would be successful with the naacp at least in part because there was nowhere else for them to go. the best black lawyers today would do what? they go into corporate law or other

african-americans are invisible.scene from " birth of a nation," wilson was a kid in columbia south carolina, at that time. two of his early biographers, who bless their hard work journalists, baker, never interviewed any of the black severance from there.-- servants from there. the only one who did was william allen white. i never found any notes. extremely frustrated to me. forgive me, one thing he did not mention about the princeton thing was his inauguration as president in 1902. who did he say he gave the best speech at that inauguration? dr. holloway: i confess i do not know. >> booker t. washington. some of his southern relatives were scandalous. "if i knew he would be here, i would not have come." one of his daughter said, even better than your speech, father? the ma's, that's the seminary. and the question is, what is the college, what is the seminary on that? the other thing, "birth of a nation." no, he did not say that. sorry, i was a little taken aback when i saw history made by lightning. that was invent

loss of theseen the land continuing to deny african-americans the wealth. we have seen the disparities in the environment, economic opportunities. we have seen the calling, if you a better education, and of course, wealth transfer. it is important to know that this is not unlikely. we can do this. and we can look at systemic racism and get into the overall broad solution by law, by policy changes, and of course, embracing the work of healing as indicated embracing the work of the department of reconciliation, but focusing in on this commission that is been in the congress since 1989, using examples like the $10 million settlement for those in 177milar study, and the black people are forced sterilization. --must be responded to pra we must be responded to for systemic racism and the development of the response back to the community of african-americans as well is the individual actions that should be taken to draw away from these horrible disparities. forank you so very much letting me discuss this. i hope the people on the line will pierce into what we are

i don't think african-americans pushed off the docks were counted. and people whose bodies were burned were counted. i would say it was 10 times as high as we believe. >> what happened to that $300 bounty provision in the aftermath of these riots? >> the bill was corrected. it is possible to correct legislation. before it was corrected, the democratic mayor of new york passed a bill in the city council to have new york city pay the $300 bounty to anyone who didn't want to serve. the $300 exemption fee. so the city ultimately bore the expense to protect protesters or antiwar democrats. it was a mess. >> a lot of african-americans did actually sign up voluntarily. yorkersan-american new had to find other places to volunteer because new york didn't raise its first troops until september 64. >> so the detritus of these riots, the mass and the burned stuff was thrown to the rivers and thrown out. it's really amazing that this draft we all survived. and the buildings might have been torn down, new structures took their place. once we really look deeper int

a number of african americans or the absence of african americans in statutory hall is pretty shameful. host: and we just saw that the house speaker also announced that four portraits were going to be taken down of people connected to confederate past extends the portraits now at the capitol, too. guest: those like howell cobb who had served as speaker of the house but went on to a leadership role in the confederacy. i think the day of reckoning is here. these are not just southern slaveholders who held office in the united states. that wreckning will be made ultimately but i don't think you can erase their names or their presence from the united states capitol. this country existed in a condition where slavery was legal until 1865 when the 13th amendment was ratified. after lincoln was dead. so that kind of eraysure makes no sense. but some of these people the one that is speaker pelosi removed were disloyal to the united states. they were traitors to the united states, to the country that they served. they fought with an enemy government and this longstanding idea that it was a broth

african-american history from 1619-2019. we have consistently advocated for better funding for the eeoc, which punishes discrimination and to require affirmative action in employment. during this congress, we have supported antidiscrimination legislation in general against women, lgbtq, pregnant women. injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. we unanimously supported the protect the right to organize, because blacks who belong to unions are much more likely to earn equal pay for equal work. we supported the minimum wage, because that is the effect of reducing the wage gap. we supported the fair chance act and the heroes act, which includes enhanced pay for essential workers, many of whom are african-american. we supported initiatives to increase opportunities to gain skills, such as eliminating achievement gaps or k-12, funding job training opportunities and making college more affordable. all of these efforts will reduce the impact of systemic racism on jobs. now to talk about health, i am honored to call of th

those provisions consistently caused the death of african-americans. do they want to be on record of blocking such legislation and not being part of the progressive thinking of eliminating those provisions, ending racial profiling, getting a handle on 18,000 police accreditationy and eliminating excessive force and not doing de-escalation and what did not happen with george floyd, which was the intervening, and then not giving outside entities the authority to investigate when there is no action? like the federal government, a better federal government, and state government, when there is absolutely no effective action locally. i believe what will be most effective is senators have to make decisions that will task them for history purposes, without ceasing, that they decided to block legislation that directly resulted in the death of african-americans. i think that is a large question for them to ask. as ank we can continue nation of descendents of enslaved africans, as well as all the people in the streets who were of many generations, many racial bac

again, harlan's views, even with respect to african americans, he did not deem african americans to beial equals. what he was saying in effect was it is unseemly and unnecessary for us as white americans to behave this way. there's no fear that we should have that black people are going to be our equals. it's just not going to happen. the white race has been and always will be the dominant race. he believed in white supremacy also. >> after losing his challenging the supreme court, homer plus he went back to his life in new orleans. he played his -- he paid his 25-dollar fined for breaking the law. he spent the rest of his life pretty quite selling life insurance and died in his sixties. he's buried in new orleans. this did not become the centerpiece of this life for the rest of time. we will take some more calls and learn about what this decision meant for life for african americans in our country. let's hear from jim in omaha you are in the -- year on the air. >> thank you for taking my call. i've been watching you guys for three weeks. i'm learning things from the moderator and your

barbershops that african-american men were not allowed to use. typically what is going on is that while they are able to shop in places, any place white americans believed that black people could taint biologically, african-americans were not allowed to participate. >> line for sit-in participants. good morning. >> good morning. >> go ahead, dolores. >> i just wanted to say that i went to morgan state college, it was called college at the time in 1950 actually 1959. i started as a freshman there. we demonstrated at a shopping center down the street. we couldn't eat at the counter, as you said we could buy anything but we could not sit down at the counter. the company was a department store. we couldn't try on the clothes there. a fellow named clarence mitchell, whose uncle became representative from baltimore, clarence organized us. he instructed us not to interact with any of the people that would say anything to us. we had our signs that we held up. it was a wonderful experience for me. i could cry right now just thinking about it. they eventua

but i think a lot of african-americans, and particularly young african-americans, have lost that. that a lot of young african-americans have come to the conclusion, i think it's a false conclusion, but they come to the conclusion that the situation is so bad, that it's just as bad as it was before, and that there's no hope. there's no way out. and that's a shame. because one of the things that was very important for the civil rights movement in the 1960s was this sense that one could change the world. as a matter of fact, it's almost an arrogance on the part of these people in terms of believing that they could change the world. i'll come back to that in a minute. but that optimism is very important. these were kids who felt that they really could -- these were college students who felt they really could change the world. secondly, these students did not understand, and they were often impatient with the legalistic approach of the naacp. and the naacp for them, essentially was their elders. they wanted to do something. they wanted to do something dramatic, and they wanted to do so

as i said he got the 1st step back passed with primarily benefits african-americans but that is the narrative that the left is trying to push i'm sure the right has its narratives you heard zahar and jason say well he wants to appear tough and law and order and that's his narrative i you know everybody has their narrative and if that's what people want to believe that's what people want to believe i don't happen to believe it but there you are so cynical as i see you shaking your head. yeah you know with all respect to you know my my counterpart i think you know much of what he said is rather dismissive of what african-americans have been saying african-americans in new york city for years have been saying that the president is a racist now there is no or not they have been saying that you look at what he did with the central park case where he called for the lynching of 5 african-american and i feel you know young boys we look at his history with housing in new york city we can look at the comments he made during the election we can look at who supports him and you know it's a quot

african-americans did not serve in the confederate army.his is one of to the myths that was generated by lost cause types to enshrine an idea of a faithful slave and a solid south. african-americans were forced to do hard labor by confederate soldiers, labor of the kind they had always done, labor meant to serve the interests of southern slave holders and the southern whites so they were forced to clear roads, to build fort tick indications to -- fortifications and grow crops and so on but not welcomed into the confederate military am debate about the potential enlistment of blag soldiers as a -- by white confederates in the very last stage oses the war and terrific work by people live kevin loven and bruce levin shows clearly that was a bid to preserve slavery by forcing some black men to bear arms and subordinate rolled with no eye toward their potential equality or citizenship to rescue slavery for the rest of southern society that debate -- that went nowhere with the slave hold terse who were not withing to give their slaves over to the

my general counsel is african-american my head of hr is african-american i have a china desk that's full of asian americans folks have come in to loop and say it's like you got a united nations here you've been in my shop i have found it so amazingly easy to recruit minority candidates african-american, women and promote them very easily because i focus on talent. the talent really comes through. loop has had a relatively easy time with us plus, i'm african-american and i travel in those circles. one of the things i wanted to talk about is how i think wall street is missing it i'll tell you something and i talk to my friends about it. you had a buchb nch of my frien on, ray mcguire and chris gardener who is my neighbor and one of my best buds who is in this happiness thing right now we talk a lot about the fact that, i think, we think, collectively, there were more african-americans on wall street in the 1980s when we all came in than there are today which is an amazing statement to make i think it's true. >> do you think things are going to change? i looked at a stat today just 2.6

african-americans did not serve in the confederate army. this is one of those myths that was generated by lost cause types to enshrine an idea of a faithful slave and a solid silver african-americans were forced to do hard labor why confederate soldiers, labor of the kind they had always done, labor that was meant to serve the interests of southern slaveholders and of southern whites. so they were forced to clear roads, to build fortifications, to grow crops and so on. but they were not welcomed into the confederate military. there was a debate about the potential enlistment of black soldiers, and the very last stages of the war, and some terrific work from people like kevin levin and bruce levine showed fairly very clearly that was -- to preserve slavery by forcing some black man to bear arms in subordinate roles, no eye towards either potential equality or citizenship, to rescue slavery for the rest of southern society, that debate, that went nowhere because slaveholders turned out were not willing to give the slaves over to the army in t

a gift of understanding itself better through the african-american lens. i'm so proud of all the people that worked to help make that a reality, those that worked in the place, those that shared their scholarship, those that shared their collections. then becoming secretary was really something where i realized that, at that stage in my career, there was nothing i needed. i built a building, you know? i'm more visible than any historian should be. but this was an opportunity to sort of thank the smithsonian for giving me not just a career, but a calling. i've always been struck by something that happened in my family, if you don't mind another family story. carla: oh, no, i think it is important. lonnie: during the 1960's, it was the centennial of the civil war, and i was, like, you know, a 10, 11-year-old kid, really excited about the civil war, reading everything i could. one easter, we were going from my home in new jersey to visit my mother's family in north carolina. as we got near richmond and petersburg, i saw signs for museums and civil war battlef

there is a lincoln there but there's an african american there. the african american is not naked, not in a loin cloth and not in chains. he's holding a rifle. nd that is more than a nod but a tribute to the united states colored troops that with lincoln's encouragement and legislation and the words of the emancipation were recruited into the army and in fact fought for their own freedom, fought to make the paper of the -- the paper docket rin of the emancipation into a reality. host: shane, maryland on with our guest. caller: good morning, sir. i find it concerning that right now we're seeing the rampant blatant criminal destruction of american eye con graphy, which is supported by very local minority who praise the action of criminals. at best it's malicious destruction of property. and it sends the message that it's all right to take the law into your own hands if you don't like something. now, time has taught us that those who fail to learn from the lessons of history are doomed to repeat its mistakes. destruction begets destruction, violence

they somehow act like they are having to speak for african-americans.eople can speak for themselves. they don't need some young, white, college-educated elitist snob out there speaking for them. but that is what is very disturbing, when you see the makeup of some of these mobs. these are not a grieved people. these are people who just like to fight and hate this country and hate authority and hate cops. they should have gotten in a whole lot more trouble, and probably this will put me in trouble, they probably should have got a few spankings when they were little kids and not i do believe they can get away with anything and everything they want to do. >> harris: oh, boy... i know that's a very emotional response. two things were on the screen that i want to explain. you saw the huge sign, as the governor was saying, that he's great for the clergy out there and their support for police today. there's a sign that spoke, "jesus saved new york." it's not even about the defund the police talk or any of the politics. that is a direct reaction to what we are s

and they are african-american. four of them. since the initial launch of the ppe and the programs, several financial institutions explain to many small businesses they were excluded from getting access to these financial opportunities because of the know your customer role. even if the business had a banking relationship without having a credit, lending history with them. in the ppe left over 60 percent of the minority auto dealer bodies without bank approval and artwork told to seek another financial institution to apply for funding. that was in the first run pretty historically access to capital has been the concern of met women and minority owned businesses to survive and during this pendant, has been no different. even though the bob ross auto profess our strong relationship with our financial institutions, i to face obstacles. after several days of waiting for proper information to submit our application, i too was instructed to go elsewhere. fortunately, i was able to approach another financial institution and in a matter

serving on juries, african americans on the police force, african american detectives solving high-profile crimes, on the verge of integrating public schools, and there are a lot of people, even with the presence of afro creole's, there are a lot of white people who are extraordinarily unhappy. >> now, will get into our setting the stage for the actual case. and the past couple weeks there are some big characters. there are two important characters in this, and institutions of people who are part of this. one of those is the butchers benevolent association, and other groups that reflect their interest. >> to set the stage, you do have a dynamic where the slaughter houses are in new orleans proper and there are a number of butchers who are there, a number are from gas kidney and have the tradition of being involved in the trade. it's part of their identity and i think what sets the stage for this is the idea that you have the slaughter houses that are very high population centers. anyone who has read the jungle knows that the slaughterhouse is even 50 60 years later, but the time we are tal

lives in danger what we're doing is african-american leaders and. we serve are doing at the. shelter in place. use mess. the pastor says president trump is ultimately to blame for ignoring the disproportionate number of african-americans dying from colbert 19 across the country mostly is convinced trump will pay a heavy price for this. in the presidential elections come this november for now he wants his congregation to stay home urging them not to go to work or even come to church. refugees have been trying to cross the strait between turkey and greece to reach europe for some time but many of them don't make it there are reports that boats with refugees are being attacked at sea and forced back. off greece poses a possible question was a disturbing answer more migrant boats are leaving turkey for the e.u. but on the greek island of flat spots there hasn't been an increase in a rival and. there were 19 people on the spot but then what you have is a 16 year old from afghanistan to these pictures he says he was shortly after masked men attacked them

david: she was the first female african-american at the university of chicago law school. john: she was. she graduated 1946, and my dad, in 1948. david: he built a law practice and she built a law practice? john: they both had their own independent law practices, because back then you could not work in a big downtown law practice. my mom worked on divorces, and my dad did mostly real estate and bankruptcies. david: you were the only child? john: i was. david: like myself, an only child. so the advantage of being an only child is your parents put a lot of time and attention into you. was that a good thing for you? john: it was. they focused everything on me. they got divorced when i was three years old so i had two different lifestyles. my dad lived in a studio apartment not far from downtown. my mom lived in more of a large house in hyde park. they were different political persuasions. my mom was republican. my dad was a democrat. so i learned to sort of navigate two different worlds each and every week. david: and you went to the university of chicago's famous lab school,

it was a slap in the face of african americans in the city. african-americans in oklahoma. we have heard the president rhetoric we have heard everything he has said. we have seen african-americans used as pawns, we have seen that we are not ignorant, we can walk and chew gum. the one thing we are as we will not tolerate when someone use us as a prop. a lot of organizations have gotten together to put pressure back on the governor and say we don't want him to come to greenwood. we don't want these people and we know the president travels with black supremacist. we do not want those people in greenwood. we've already experiencing greenwood burned down by white supremacy. that is ugly don't want and we don't have it. we will not have it. one of the things we love about our city as we have always been peaceful. the only violence that happened to our city has been brought by the hand of white supremacist. what we do, we lock arms in lov love. we love link arms in prayer and lift up the ancestors to let them know we are still fighting on their behalf. two dates, compensation is n

the imputation of inferiority is the problem of african americans. i justices harlequin, one of the greatest defensive the 19th century -- this is a kentucky former slave state. he is a no nothing turned abolitionist. he says that would rather be white and be consistent. when he is writing the decision, to strike down the civil rights act of 1875, his wife puts the pen that chief justice tani had used to write the dred scott decision. he realizes -- this is one of the great defenders of the promise of the reconstruction amendments of the 19th century. and in his spectacular dissent in place either says ferguson he basically says that everyone knows that the real purpose of the separation was not for convenience of both parties, but to degrade and stigmatize african americans. in famous words, he said, in respect of civil rights, the constitution neither knows nor tolerate classes among citizens. the constitution is color blind. there is no cast here. there is an odd preface to his decision which is jarring by modern terms. he says, the ways the momen

lives in danger what we're doing is african-american leaders and. people. use mess. the pastor says president trump is ultimately to blame for ignoring the disproportionate number of african-americans dying from covert 19 across the country convinced trump will pay a heavy price for this. in the presidential elections come this november for now he wants his congregation to stay home urging them not to go to work or even come to church. let's take a look down some of the other stories that are making headlines around the world the german aid organization. says the coronavirus pandemic could push a 1000000000 people around the world. starvation charity has launched a campaign to support some of the world's poorest saying it needs to raise 100000000 euros to help those who situation has worsened because of the pandemic women's rights groups in france are protesting the appointment of a man facing accusations of rape as interior minister on the domino is under preliminary investigation and denies any wrongdoing president emanuel macaroons office says th

he was our first african-american justice. how appropriate is that we hopor him in place of roger brook taney. thurgood marshall is the face of our maryland in 2020 not roger taney. second, our bill no longer allows states to display statues in the capitol of individuals who voluntarily served the confederacy against our union during the civil war. t me just say as an aside, none of us are perfect. our founders weren't perfect. but what our founders did was create a union. the statues we are removing ried to destroy a union. third, there are three specific statues in the collection of individuals who did not serve in the confederacy but whose careers were built on the perpetuation of white supremacy and segregation. our bill would require those statues to be removed and replaced as well. as my friend jim clyburn said, not destroifment nobody tear down statues, to remove them, es, to destroy them, no. they do not reflect the diversity and inclusivity of our nation today more comport with our values as a nation that has reached

african-americans likegr hare make up only 13% or so of then, u.s.ly double that percentage of transportation, warehouse, and delivery workers. just imagine what happens to a family's finances when that worker is incapacitated or worse. the problem is african-american finances have been deteriorating for years. >> wealth actually has receded for african-americans since the last great recession and in fact parities areh d larger than they were 20 years ago. >>heypical white family has a net worth 40 one times that of a typical black family. >> to a large extgat, the wealth is a function of policy. >> the u.s. governmenrl after war ii subsidized families w to buy houses,ch is a key way that people build wealth, but the wayy the polics to get these low-iest loans,id you have to live in a predominantly white neighborhood. saying that white neighborhoodsy were essentially better housing investment >> then i looked at the map of columbus, my home. right in that giant red box. >> black neighborhoods were literally redlined on maps for decades, off-limits to