african-american. if any body gets in the discussion, that african-american, or afric american is new out of the 20th century. they need to go and read old literature. this organization, the afric-american female intelligence soap sigh tee. established in september of 1831 they had the goal of the diffusion of knowledge. suppression of vice and virtues that would render us happy and useful to society. i want to point out that it is actually a set of virtues that way of life. it is a set of virtues that will render you happy and useful to society. they are literally repeating in the english language. this organization again, afric-american female intelligence society -- created september 1831. for the purpose of diffusing knowledge. and elevating the community. maria stewart would tell the women of the organization -- woman, oh, woman, woman. upon you i call. for upon your exertions are most entirely depends whether the rising generation shall be anything more than we have been, oh, woman, woman, your e

this secret african descent organization would provide the most prolific recruiters of africans for the union war effort. this secret african descent organization, had as its express goal to end the tyranny of slavery in league with the constitution. and they understood congress would need to take action if things were permitted as we see in the frederick douglas article, august 1861 when he tells his readers in his monthly that "we have very good evidence off to the fact that the administration in washington, lincoln administration, notwithstanding appearances, stands ready to enforce a policy in the rebel states that will eventually abolish slavery just as the people require it. >> as soon as congress, people, voice of the people is congress. as soon as the people require it. douglas would admonish his leaders to lobby congress. visit their congressman if they can to get the laws changed. president lincoln did not believe congress would make the change until it became a mill terry necessity. use of african-americans early in the war. men or women. was not something that was authorized

the museum of the african diaspora. the national coalition of 100 black women, san francisco chapter. the it san francisco chapter of the links inc.. let us give them a round of applause. [applause] these are all code-presenters of this event. it is a portrait these organizations are here. the theme for black history this month is black women in american culture and history. all these organizations are organizations of black women who do an outstanding and amazing job. i would also like to acknowledge members of the official family, supervisor malia cohen, supervisor, fifth district, supervisor chu, supervisor olague, and supervisor weiner. i am going to miss some people. we have port commissioner kim brandon with us today. [applause] and a host of others. i am sure i will get the names as they come up. i would like to thank you for being here, and welcome. we are going to start the program with an indication by reverend carolyn dyson. reverend dyson, who is going to do the indication for us, also has the signal honor o

he wants his students to realize that sounds like these shape african society. >> african music plays a vital role in the black african struggle for freedom -- in many parts of africa. and because african music is just a weapon to defend the way we live, the way we are doing things. if you listen very carefully, african music is the best music. it takes you to places where you've never been. listening to the different instruments that you've never seen. >> dizu teaches many different rhythms on instruments such as this marimba. he wants to maintain this heritage, and says the success of western pop music is causing young people to forget their roots. so he motivates talented young people to keep playing, even though it's hard to earn a living from this kind of art. >> money always comes last. first of all we have to bring your love in your heart, show people that this is who you are. this is my music. this is what i play. and people have to accept about what we're doing. the minute the people start to accept, then they will respect you, and then you'll go far. >> students from around

african descent need a voice. we can't stand by and wait for the women to get a voice, so our men, if it means they have to hit the first voice, we'll fight to get the first voice. and after the 15th amendment was signed, she was -- was ratified or passed actually, francis ellen harper would write, oh, ransom race, give god the praise who led me through the crimson sea. the forecast was that the great house, pharaoh would bring sword against sword. and there would be a parting of a red sea of blood, the crimson sea, through which the captors would pass to be free. the story of the african-american freedom fighters, men and women in the civil war is the story of believers who believe they would be delivered in league with the constitution and, indeed, they were. thank you. now are there any questions? yes? >> you mentioned that john brown -- i know that several people -- i thought also mary ann chad carrie had supported him, but mary ellen pleasant, also known as mammy pleasant, also provided some funds. what other

that was a moment that you said began to attract african-americans. how do they view this? >> terribly. there was a huge disappointment for any number of reasons. probably the most sell rated was wilson's betrayal of african-americans was one of the first hollywood blockbuster called "the birth of a nation." it celebrated redemption, the world of the klan and the reremoval of african-american leadership. woodrow wilson endorsed the film, said -- it's a true story of race relations and really saw long standing regional differences of the north and south racial equality. and that was absolutely a betrayal to people that dubois supported. it most certainly was a significant one. the other thing is that federal patronage, partly as a capitulation to southern congress people, he purged african-american leadership and there were 31 federal jobs down to 8. >> under wilson? >> under wilson. >> and he allowed post office departments where there's a group of black leaders, newspaper journalists in washington denounces the president, in effect, in his office and after that wilson says

but that is the massive size of the african continent. it as massive as the land mass is the opportunity that opens up across africa and getting the impression that americans are learning more and more about africa because they understand that the economic salvation lies on that last frontier, that the u.s. has been shying away from. >> why do you think we have been shying away from it? >> the u.s. has only seen africa -- and sometimes justifiably -- as a continent that needs its assistance, rather than a partner in trade and investment and tourism. american has often seen the continent of africa as a place -- absence of democracy, rule of law, and human rights, and make that a precondition before being able to enter into economic relations with the continent. justifiably in much cases, but i think africa has cleaned up much of its act in the current period. >> the you think there are some guilt feelings as well because of our race problems we had here in america? >> i think that america has also not entered robustly into conversation wit

it was both race and class when it came to african-americans. without recognizing that sensitivity and without listening to the voices of those who pointed it out, it created long standing friction. the final problem was at the union gate, at the workshop floor, african-americans often had a choice either to subject themselves to discrimination among uniyos of yons or to fall in line with companies who were holding out the carrot of opportunity in the wake of labor strikes. that problem was always there. richard wright, a famous african-american writer described this in a book called 12 million voices with the puppet ear and it is bosses of the buildings who used their leverage to dwight and conquer. they self identified as white socialists and those on the left who were ambivalent hmong black leadership. >> you pointed out the beginning of the parting of the ways of african-americans and republican party and teddy roosevelt was not a member of the republican party. why has the party of lincoln has such trouble in recent elections. >> the short

because his army is filled with african-americans. you've got them traveling with the army as man servants. some would even call them confederate soldiers. no, they were confederate slaves. but many were operatives for the union. and african-american women are not only with sometimes the military -- those working in the military they're in the families. they're in the families. even jeff davis's family. in the confederate white house, you have more than one african-american woman working in the confederate white house. in fact, it is often said that nanny to his children, elizabeth bowser in disguise, was indeed a spy for the union. i'm not sure that she was in the confederate white house, but she definitely had some contact with them. had some contact with them. she was part of the spies ran by elizabeth van lou. african-american women are critical in this fight for freedom. as guides, scouts, spies and soldiers. but also as those who trained the generation that would fight, that would deliver this strike for freedom. when richmond w

c african-american elected to the u.s. congress. >>> between 1971 and 1973 president richard nixon secretly recorded therly 4,000 hours of phone calls and meetings. >> always agree on theme little things, and then you hold on thh big one. hell, i've done this so often in conversations with people. i'll say we concede that and make them all feel good but don't give them the big one. >> every saturday on c-span radio hear more of t

a part of my describing it as model with it but no more as the african-american community or african-americans in the united. i think a couple of things may happen first i think that this has created an opportunity for communities broadly defined and especially faith communities to have more honest conversations about relationships in general and our own sexual ethics in particular the second thing that i hope will happen as a result of this is that communities will as we move into this presidential election season look at vic tended to it's on a broad swath of topics and i'm hoping that leaders at the grassroots level and also at the level of official leadership will help persons to remember that we judge evaluate discern our candidates not on any one particular issue so this is a great opportunity to talk about relationships and broader conversations about the role that human sexuality plays in our communities and also to look at candidates more broadly for what they have done for the entire country but especially for persons who are struggling in this very difficult moment in our country's

so, for example, the african-american students, last year, 29% of african-americans received f's in english, this year, 22% received f's in english. very slight. although the numbers are still not good. so the -- last year, 23%, this year, 18%. e.l.l., 19% last school year, and this year, it's 13%. so we did -- i don't have the numbers right now for special ed for last year. but these are the numbers that had received f's for this school year. so in algebra for last school year is 8% received f's, but this year, 9%, for chinese students. with african-americans, for an algebra, last school year, 39% received f's. this school year, in the fall, 30% received f's. for latino students last school year, 30%, this year, it's 26%. for e.l.l., 26%, last year, this year, 20%. so it's gone down a little bit. so we also want to look at the geometry and the biology. because those are the courses that we will be offering for credit recovery for this fiscal year. because we want to make sure that students have the option to make up those classes that they received. these are all important a-g classes. so

so there was this awareness that africans and their nationalist movements were moving faster, that africansyou know, eat at an integrated lunch counter. and sncc made this connection as a way of criticizing the slow pace of change in the united states. they said that all of africa would be free before we could get a hamburger and a cup of coffee. and, of course, sncc in the end was about much more than integrating the lunch counters in the south. they were for voting rights, you know, and for educational opportunity. they were for political independence. so people were making those connections and kwame had studied in the united states and rights activists. and so he invited many of them to the independent ceremony in ghana. so there were these connections, and they do go back even before the civil rights movement. world war ii was a major moment of alliances between african-american civil rights organizations like the naacp and west and southern african nationalist movements. that's the story for another lecture. >> yes, meredith? >> was the charles mingus song, was that opposition to what

end of the eight years of wilson, how did african-americans view his presence? >> terribly. there was a huge disappointment for any number of reasons. probably the most celebrated moment of wilson's betrayal was one of the first hollywood blockbusters of a movie called the birth of the nation. this was a movie that celebrated southern redemption and celebrated the role of the clan and reclaiming the virtue of southern nobility and the removal act of african-american leadership. so woodrow wilson who had been the president of princeton university endorsed the film. it's a true story of race relations and really saw it as a moment of reconciling long standing regional differences between the north and south difference of racial equality. that was a betrayal to the people who supported. later they supported the interview and it's not as if it was an unmitigated critique, but it was significant. federal patriot is to southern congress people. he purged african-american leadership and 31 federal jobs held by republicans and down to eight within three years under wils

of course, an african-american family in the jim crow south wasn't going to get a fair trial or shake from the judge, and so the court system decided to take the property from the family, reimburse them for its value, which was negligeible, which thy split upon themselves, and then the county auctioned it, and the dupont family bought it. then the cabin and farm came into the montpelier tract, owned by the did you poiuponts, and t kept people living in this cabin up through the 1960s. people who worked for them. in the 1960s, it was abandoned and the national trust acquired the property in 1984, you can see the woods had just about overtaken the cabin. when the trust acquired montpelier in 1984, they acquired 140 structures and it took u.s. a good 15 or 20 years to get around to this one. rebecca gilmore coleman, great granddaughter of george gilmore, came to the foundation and told us about her great grandfather's house. >> my great grandfather was george gilmore, who built the cabin, whose wife polly, were my great grandparents. >> once we learned the story, we decided we needed to

there are lots of african-american historical luminaries but not duke. we insist, freedom now suite. you can see the album covers are re-enacting the sit-ins, and this album was inspired by the sit-ins, the sort of mass uprising, spontaneous uprising of college, black youth. white youth took part in the sit-ins throughout the south and then charles mingus who was a very distinctive and strong voice of protest. spirituals in gospel music, of course, paul roveson identified with the spirituals and also identified with a strong voice of protest. leatine price, another african-american classical singer who was very prominent in this period. mahalia jackson, participated in the march on washington and a friend of dr. king and mr. reston, made a recording of spirituals and in addition to his brilliance as an organizer, he was a great singer as well. and then the tradition of the freedom songs, and this is primarily within snc, though freedom songs would be sung at other rallies, of other civil rights organizations but, you know, the freedom singers are part of

at this point 9% of the population was african-american. less than 1% were allowed to serve in the united states military. now, for those of you who may be suspect to propaganda and say, only 1% of the african-americans served in the draft, there were laws that prevented people from enlisting. and so fdr worked with the war department, who was profoundly opposed to this to, in fact, remove barriers. it didn't work that much. it went from 1% to 5% as opposed to 9%. if you go back again, the glass is half-full. when fdr meets with a. philip randolph and walter wright and leaders from the urban league to discuss this, it's the exact same day that the tripartite pact is announced. that means at the same time he's learning that germany, japan and russia all have signed a pack against us. and when randolph and company come, they come in a meeting eleanor has facilitated. they have a list of seven demands. of those demands, four are met. the full integration of the service is not met, obviously, because that's left for truman to do. the steps that

>> why do you think the african-american cannot progress successfully in this country? why? >> well, the short answer is that -- well, some have, and as long as there are a few who have -- >> no -- [inaudible] >> okay, you're right. but i'm saying folk use the few who have as an excuse to say, look, they're doing okay. but i think the general answer to that question is that there are still stereotypes held about people of color in this society that say that they are less than, they are inferior mentally, they are a whole bunch of other things. >> that's not the problem. do you know what it is? >> tell me what the answer is. [laughter] you should be a teacher. [laughter] >> okay, this is the answer. >> okay. >> until we as african-americans learn our slave history ourself -- >> he's right about that -- >> then we will progress and go forward in this country. we lack our slave history. >> we need to know our history, you're right about that. our own history. >> yeah. we don't understand that our forefathers built wall street, our forefathers picked cotton, tobacco, that's how

spirituals are the root of most african american history. and music. it is important to know where the spirituals come from. the music came from africa. there are slave testimonies to the fact that music came from africa. and so that is the root of african-american music which is renowned around the world. the other thing that happened is that in the u.s. especially, we lost the ability to use the drum. we did not lose the ability to use rhythm. the -- which is the most direct link to africa, we use the staff and hand clapping. we are going to do a song that will become familiar to me -- to you in a moment. it was put together by our musical director who is holding the staff. and our soloists will be carolyn and nedra. when i ask you to join in, i want you to help us out. all right? thank you very much. [applause] [singing] [drums and singing] ♪ in the water ♪ ♪ [applause] [singing] ♪ ♪ [singing] [applause] >> the project. [applause] let's give them another round. ok. that brings us to the acknowledgements and closing remarks. on behalf of the san fran

he reports an african-american colonel to advise selective service and the first african-american general to ride roughshod on them. the big obstacle is george marshall. if you look at who will block a lot of stuff. marshall is the one that says come down, not on my watch, we've got to win the war. eleanor works to help get the 99th squadron, the tuskegee airmen through. she worked to have african-american women, who want to become waves and nurses do this. there is a riot in this. eleanor goes to the city the night after the riots to try and calm things down. stays with the waves and insists, in fact, that the swimming pools they are in to train in be integrated so they can have the same training that their white counterparts are. so it's complicated. >> let's go to another complicated issue, japanese internment. probably the case most in our history where the federal government actually imprisons people based on race and ethnicity. >> i wouldn't say it's the first time, but one of the major times. there is no doubt in my mind that fdr considered that the emergency of wartime overrode ci

african-americans are committed to the first african-american president.are also the most loyal democratic constituency historically, whether the candidate is white or black. they are at 90%. hispanics are very strongly pro-obama. their vote is going to hinge not on gay marriage or on abortion. it's going to hinge on immigration and other such issues and of course the economy. i think it is to white americans as well who are still the majority. some of whom are sort of tending towards, it's a generational issue, the young want gay marriage, the older are more resistant. in 10 years it won't be a debate anymore. it will be over. but right now we're at that hinge point historically. we're about a 50/50 split in the population. >> bill: interesting it's gone from 53 to 50 against, you know, gay marriage dropped a little bit. >> oh, come on. but that's just a way. >> bill: i'm not arguing the wave of the future is much more libertarian society. >> right. it's a long term secular curve is the younger generation. >> bill: that could change. i mean if there is a

african women, in historical drama.other cut this from her hair before she was sold away from me. now i add on my own hair, there must be a bond, a connection. i wrote "daughters of the dust" while i was a student at afi. and they marked a big "no" across it. and years later, after i had done "illusions" i started pitching this story to studio executives, because they kept saying, "oh, we're really interested in seeing how independents can make these films on such low budgets." so i pitched "daughters of the dust." and they said, "oh, um, is it like 'sounder'?" "is it like anything -- is it like 'the color purple'?" and i said, "no, it's something we've never seen before." and they kind of balked -- one of them even told me, "well, we don't do anything that we've never seen before." (todd mccarthy) if your film is something like "daughters of the dust," which is a very particular, special kind of film, that's the kind of film to make outside the system, because as soon as hollywood gets involved, they're going to want m

students got f's, it says that -- the chinese americans make up 5% and then africans make up 29%. but the difference is only eight students. am i misreading that? why is the percentage so dramatically different? >> because of the total number of students in that ethnic group enrolled -- >> that was my question. so 5% of chinese american students failed, not 5% of all f's in english? >> right. that -- >> that was my question. >> thank you. >> a quick question related to that. and maybe that's something you address down the road. but how surprising where -- were these numbers? because this is a pretty stark contrast that you're looking at. english, african-american, students are three times more likely to be failing in in english thans the rest of the population -- english than the rest of the population. and compared to other ethnic groups, like the chinese community, six times more likely. so using that example, so with this in -- was this in the range you were expecting? or is this -- >> so we had looked at some data from the past. and so it is not hugely different from the data.

african-americans have faced terrible disadvantage in in country.crimination. they managed to get ahead in businesses, professions, science, popular culture. look at margaret cho, a woman of great talent, and she has gotten ahead with determination. they have done it themselves, not relying on politics. >> you create urban party machines, italian-americans and irish americans. i wonder if it plays to the model minority americans. >> we're the other white people. >> we're like the other whites. because we're almost white, kind of white, not really white. that's always sort of like how i felt, while there is a sense of, you know, we have some sense of privilege and status, but at the same time, we are not too. we are still the other. >> an interesting conversation, i appreciate you helping me think through it. up next, some shocking allegations against prison guards sexually assaulting inmates at a women's prison in alabama and it made its way to the justice department this week, i'll bring you details after the break. with the spark cash card from ca

although never seated the first african-american to address the house chamber. we'll hear from the hiss toretof the house of representatives, in this one hour event. >>> the last time i was at a meeting, i was so inspired by a woman who made a perezen ta pref a book senate -- book that she had written, i am trying to get that book in school districts around illinois and other places throughout the country. and actually had her at my home in chicago for for the kwanzaa celebration that we do each year to present to our guests. so it is always a pleasure and a delight to see and be a part of of looks at the development and evolution of our country. when we go back to where it was, how it got started. all the different people who have come from places throughout the world, all of the challenges that we have had, the contributions that so many different people have made. i decided, as we celebrate in my community, african-american history highlight individuals in the neighborhood that i call unsung heroes and sheroes that people have never heard of and practically n

the divide among african-americans. who is the next generation of leaders, and is he leading a new york institution into the new century. that's what's going on in our world. up next. [ male announcer next gear is reinventing the best-selling camry... and making it a 200 hp... 43 mpg rated, hybrid. ♪ next gear is the ability to connect to the world with your voice. find coffee. [ male announcer next gear is taking your smartphone and giving it wheels. next gear is the 2012 toyota camry hybrid which is ahead of everything. the 2012 toyota camry hybrid. it's everything you want, nothing you expect. when i take a picture of this check, it goes straight to the bank. oh. oh look the lion is out! no mommy no! don't worry honey, it only works on checks. deposit checks from your smartphone with chase quickdeposit. just snap a picture, hit send and done. take a step forward and chase what matters. >>> this is david alan grier, and you are watching "our world" the black enterprise. i gave him the little look. that's it. ♪ >>> the

at this point 9% of the population was african-american. less than 1% were allowed to serve in the united states military. for those of you suspect to propaganda and people say only 1% of african-americans served in the draft. there were laws that prevented people from enlisting. and so fdr worked with the war department who was profoundly opposed to this this to, in fact, remove barriers. it didn't work that much. it went from 1% to 5% as opposed to 9%. if you go back again the guy was last full. they meet with walter wright and leaders for the urban league. to discuss this the same day that the pac is announced. that means at the same time he's learning that germany, japan and russia all have signed a pack against us. and when randolph and company come, they come in a meeting eleanor has facilitatfacilitate. they have a list of seven demands. of the demands, four are met. the steps that fdr does take, i think are not just incremental, but are a slap in the face. he has rave reviews. the republicans have posed to be a bipartisan cabinet. a

another african-american gentleman was one of the dupont's chief horse trainers. so they did not segregate when it came to jobs and getting the best man for the job. as we leave this space and go over to the other side of the building, we have to remember that we have the freedom to do that today, but from the 1880s, until the 1960s, separate but equal was the way it was, was the law in the south. imagine leaving this room and not being able to enter the next room. so as you can see, this waiting room, the white waiting room is twice as large as the colored waiting room, has more space, a bigger stove, windows that look out on the tracks, nice view, and an actual door to access the stationmaster's office. one of the interesting things about the montpelier training depot is the fact that the waiting rooms are segregated, but the thing that traveled most frequently on the trains across america was not passengers or freight. it was mail, u.s. mail ran, you know, was delivered by train, and train stations became post offices, almost universally. so because the post of

i thought it was just me as an african-american. the more i think about it, i think it is quite bigger than that. i wonder if you decide the historical memory isn't for you, how are you able to call upon it when you think about politics? >> steph? >> i read something you wrote about this that really struck me, that resonated with me. it has to do the with the problem i have feeling vested in the compromise of 1860. it is extremely difficult to teach. you are supposed to think compromise is the desirable outcome. >> who were you rooting to for in 1860? >> you talked about the middle ground. the middle ground was upper south unionists who would have sold people into slavery into the indefinite future just like the people who joined the confederacy. it is hard to back them. they are bargaining with seward over shutting down the show so that there is no threat to slavery e is going to give away the store. lincoln won't let him. so compromise is impossible. you have to feel that how could you normally back compromise in that particular c

. >>> we are at the african-american exhibit at the oklahoma history center. this is the first permanent exhibit of the first african-american experience. strangely enough, over 500 museums and historical societies in oklahoma. when this exhibit opened in 2005, it was oklahoma's first permanent exhibit of the african-american experience. and it covers everything from the preterritorial days until civil rights movement to the present day accomplishments of african americans. this was my mother. the first african-american to be admitted to university of oklahoma school of law. 1946, when laws in oklahoma prohibited african-americans and whites from even going to the same schools together, sitting in the same classrooms together, they were dual separate educational systems in oklahoma. she was the first person to try to breakdown those barriers and did it by applying to university school of law. had to be rejected because the oklahoma laws and constitution prohibited african-americans from going to school with whites, but in doing so, it set up a supreme court de