of african-american auto dealerships. when we especially look at african-american franchise ownership, which they, it is a mythical sentiment of african-american business ownership, we can literally go back to the nixon administration and certain initiatives that were promoted, that are directly tied to some of what we see today. based upon my research, beside nixon, who gets a lot of visibility and credit, i would say that the carter administration, in terms of deeds as well as words, they probably were the most supportive administration in terms of promoting african american entrepreneurship. one of the things that the carter administration did, there was a public or act that was passed in 1977. there was a stipulation in that act that said that 10% of government projects, government and work related projects, had to go to minority contracts. this contributed to an explosion of opportunity for minority contractors. another area that the carter administration helped to promote african-american entrepreneurship was in the

we are not invest ed anything that can be done to target african-americans. what we have done because we don't want to talk about race recognitions, we have used commission disparities as the lever to get at these discussions. there are programs, economic disparity does

african-american community. as the first president who is black president obama is focused more on the national agenda as the president of the united states as a functionary of the united states government as opposed to an individual who came to the oval office with an agenda that was. created or designed to specifically target issues in the african-american community and i want to be very clear and say that as i say in the article that this has everything to do with policy it has everything to do with an agenda and has absolutely nothing to do with the person or personalities and you also mentioned in your article the n.d.a. . actor jessel judicial assassination and also guantanamo bay yes how is that part of the black agenda well it's not so much a part of the black agenda as it is say in the piece that an african-american president would not have signed the two thousand and twelve defense authorization act that in part of a louse for indefinite detention of american citizens that an african-american president

of african-american business oip. ownership we can go back to the nixon administration and that is directly tied to some of what we see today. based upon my research, besides nixon who gets a lot of visibility and credit, i would say that the carter administration are in terms of deeds as well as words probably was the most supportive administration in terms of promoting african-american entrepreneurship. one of the things that the carter administration did, there was a public work fact that was passed in 1977, and there was a ziplation in that act that said that 10% of government projects, you know, government work-related projects had to go to minority crarnghters. -- contractors. it contributed to an explosion of, you know, opportunity for minority contractors. another area that the carter administration helped to promote african-american entrepreneurship was in the realm of media and especially cable television. during the late '70's, there was little, if any, african-american ownership in the cable realm and lite

of african-american business ownership. we can literally go back nixon administration and certain initiatives that were promoted that were directly tied to what we see today. based upon my research, besides nixon who gets a lot of visibility and credit, i would say that carter administration, in terms of deeds as well as words, was the most supportive administration in terms of supporting african-american entrepreneurship. one of the things that the carter administration did, there was a public pack that was passed in 1977. there was something in that act but said that 10% 10% of government projects had to go to minority contracts. this contributed to an explosion of opportunity for minority contractors. another thing that the carter administration helped to promote african-american entrepreneurship, was especially media, cable television. there was little, if any, african-american ownership in the cable realm. literally, or initiatives associated with the carter administration, bob johnson, who did a position to start like

african americans fall way behind to access to indome and capital. rate for african americans is close to double the white rate for unemployment. this is something that you must understand, throughout my entire life, the african american employment rate has always been double that of whites. ask me under what circumstances would any nation tolerate a generation of 16% to 17% of unemployment for any population? we are today arguing over an 8.2% unemployment rate for the entire country. black america has consistently had an unemployment rate doublidouble that of white americans. those who in society are generating wealth as a result are beginning to look askanse at supporting those who they deem to be nonproductive. ie that big population of unemployed america. you have one group opposing payments in a group of entitlements and another group arguing that we have to protect entitlements. that is the nature of the debate that will be played out in the 2012 election, adding to this growing political conflict is the fact that the minority population, black

he purged african-american leadership. in the early days, there were 31 jobs held by black republicans and it was down to eight under wilson. >> and he allowed post office departments where there's a group of black leaders, newspaper journalists in washington denounces the president, in effect, in his office and after that wilson says i don't want to meet with any of these people again. they don't understand me. we have nothing in common. that was quite an amazing moment, actually. >> you are writing recently, your recent book is called american dreamers, how the left changed the nation. we've been talking a bit about progressive politics but what's the general thesis of your book? >> well, the thesis is really about people to the left of progressivism. >> to the left? >> yes, people who want a fundamental transition of society, economically, politically, socially. and so i traces people who were interested in bringing about this transformation to socialists, communists, new black power advocates and others. and the thesis

one voice for every african-american in this country. for the next six years, he was the only member of color in the entire united states congress. this was 1929 in washington, d.c., it's a southern town. so we dealt with in your face racism every single day he was there. for every restaurant in town for the fourth congress, he dealt with a hostile, racist environment, yet he was able to succeed in advancing the betterment of african-americans. he would do what he had to do. crossing party lines was not an issue to him. if he find supporter be it democrat or republican, then so be it. he would welcome that support. he would acknowledge that support. he was the black caucus of one. there's 42 now in the house and senate. by then a black caucus of just him. i know my time is limited. i have been accused of being long winded before in the past. in closing, his efforts to try to level the playing field for his african-american constituents never ended. when he left congress, after two failed attempts to get re-elected, he went back to the ch

and you know, life for any african-american and life for an african-american who had known the kind of power and society that o.s.b. wahl had known was a life of continuing indignity. so the prosecutor was constantly despa disparaging his work. the judges were discourteous to him. one thing that was very interesting to see was not only the fact that, you know, i followed him over many decades, and you can see his idealism and his spiriting kurdling a little bit. at the same time when he's in court and people attack him and attack his character, he is con stanley defending himself in very strong terms and also in -- with some very strong actions. people say things that suggest he is a dishonorable person, and whether they were white, whether they were black, he would just slap them across the face. >> i have a personal story that my family and i told daniel before we came on, during the dna phase, i had my dna taken to do the test. my family, of course, carries a very strong tradition, so i knew na my grand-grandfathers on both sides were white, the slavemasters who had their way enslav

he could not because he was african-american. and so eventually he settled on going to the howard university law school and it's there that he met charles houston, he came under the tutelage of charles houston and the rest as they say is history. because of houston marshall would devote the rest of his life, the rest of his career to the civil rights litigation. in fact, houston, hasley and marshall, these three attorneys would win almost as many cases for the naacp as most of the leading lawyers of the naacp had done in the previous 15 years. in other words, they were remarkably successful, especially marshall, especially thurgood marshall and of course, partly that success would lead to his being on the supreme court eventually. one of the things that i think has to be said about this, though, the irony of all this is that houston, hasley and marshall would be successful with the naacp at least in part because there was nowhere else for them to go. the best black lawyers today would do what? they go into corporate law or other

but i found very admirable was how many of these african american outlet for african-american newspapers in particular, and we know how important african-american newspapers are to the community but particularly for scholars like me they are always at this time they are employing japanese-americans to write off beds, report from can't, they were asked to guest of hit in the crisis. so that is actually where my title comes from is a man who was the head of the citizen which is a japanese-american citizens crisis basically, the newspaper to the he was asked -- well, he writes about jim crow, so why excised his phrase. you see in los angeles for example the los angeles tribune run by an african-american woman over the california, again, the history of african-american women that haven't really been told, but they hire this very popular short story writer looking back now who grew up in california and was incarcerated in arizona, but they have these wonderful deletes going back and forth about how we going to build alliances, what about the elements in our communities that aren't going to ge

jones serves for a city that is 70% african-american. ms. jones served as deputy county manager for fulton county government in atlanta. she played a key role in the development of the county's overall budget which totalled nearly $1 billion. she is convinces that riviera beach is nearly the right place at the right time. ruth c jones. emily w murphy senior council small business committee. u.s. house of representatives. specializing and contracting in worth forworkforce issues. she has focused on federal procurement issues spending four year s chief council in a start-up communications company. she has served as the associate administrator at the u.s. small business administration. the gsa. miss murphy is a graduate of smith college and virginia school of law. darrell jordan communications director. he has been a communications director since february of 2011. before that he was the communications director for congressman alderhalt of alabama. prior to his time on capitol hill he work ed at cnn. at fox he was at the assignment desk. at cnn

it's a crisis that many in the african-american community were hoping the first african-american presidenton. president of optimum capital management, former "new york times" columnist herbert a distinguished fellow. i want to start with you. blacks going down for the count economically in the country. he feels this president has an obligation to speak out and do more on the issue. do you agree this president has not done enough for african-americans. >> there's no doubt when african-americans -- when the country suffers a recession, african-americans suffer a depression and so on and so forth. there's no doubt we have a lot of work to do to improve our state. but i would rather have the pen of barack obama much more than the voice of barack obama. the pen, use the voice of the people over the voice of the person. >> what is the political fear if he's too vocal specifically about african-americans and money. >> i think he believes that if he speaks out too strongly on black issues or on issues relating to poor people he'll lose white votes. >> what's the president supposed to do about it.

the divide among african-americans. who is the next generation of leaders, and is he leading a new york institution into the new century. that's what's going on in our world. up next. [ benny alright, so me and mark were in the rav4, it was a rough day. got into a scuffle with the poodle across the street. it's a dog thing. anyway, mark decided we should flip the script and go on a road trip. so we picked up nina and headed north. as always the rav handled the journey like a dream. and we got to see something that would stay with us for the rest of our lives. i even forgot about the poodle. [ barks i love that day. it was one of my favs. oh, it's their new oatmeal.here? well what's all that la-de-da? fresh blueberries, walnuts -- in oatmeal? in my day, oatmeal had two ingredients, oat and meal... not all that fancy-pants whatnot. [ female announcer introducing new blueberry banana nut oatmeal. i have got to blog about this. [ female announcer loaded with fresh blueberries and just 290 calories. the simple joy of another

and james peterson, director of african american studies and director of english studies.wing what obama is up against, the president is up against, in terms of the racial climate, that makes it very curious for him to raise a racial issue, what in that climate do you think was necessary to do to more directly address the issues of african american people? >> i'm fully aware that he is in a double bind, he is working in a nasty environment, but there's something that we have to pay attention to, there's always going to be people out there, they are always periods in history where the right wing, where conservative forces have opposed racial reform. i think we need to recognize that there are issues that need to be raised in black communities, no matter who is in the white house. >> professor peterson, do you agree with this? do you think that president obama's racial situation on the ground, notwithstanding that he still has to address specifically and creatively, the interest of and concerns of the african american people or is the professor off base here? >> it's a very

free and enslaved african-americans were closely bonded together. they intermarried, worshipped together and free people tout enslaved people to read and write. in spite of the close-knit community, african-americans experience admer curial existence. living conditions varied greatly. access to the people depended on the people who owned or hired them. and extensive black codes designed to limit free and enslaved african-americans greatly impacted their living conditions. also en -- both enslaved and free african-americans had fears of being sold at any time. while free african-americans had some protections. these were not strongly enforced. if they didn't have their free passes on them, they could be labeled as runaways. even if someone did not come to claim them, they could be sold to cover the jail fees. they were charged a daily fee to be held in the jail. these conditions helped make the slave trade in d.c. lucrative with d.c. teetering between anti-slavery and pro-slavery sensibilities. washington, d.c. functioned as al large slave depot for

but i think a lot of african-americans, and particularly young african-americans, have lost that. that a lot of young african-americans have come to the conclusion. i think it's a false conclusion, but they come to the conclusion that the situation is so bad, that it's just as bad as it was before, and that there's no hope. there's no way out. and that's a shame. because one of the things that was very important for the civil rights movement in the 1960s was this sense that one could change the world. as a matter of fact, it's almost an arrogance on the part of these people in terms of believing that they could change. i'll come back to that in a minute. but that optimism is very important. these were kids who felt that they really could -- these were college students who felt they really could change the world. secondly, these students did not understand, and they were often impatient with the legalistic approach of the naacp. and the naacp for them, essentially was their elders. they wanted to do something. they wanted to do something dramatic, and they wanted to do something no

provides significantly less for african-americans. you know, again oil get myself in trouble here but people talk about the achievement gap today. this is the root of the achievement gap. this is where it came from. it came from decades of poor training and the aftermath of that poor training that extends into contemporary society. by the early 1950s, african-american parents in south carolina, in virginia, in delaware, in the district of columbia initiated a series of lawsuits against segregation that all eventually would be collapsed under brown v board of education. i want to bring up linda brown. she's the key to all of this. linda brown was a young girl who resided in topeka, kansas. let's me clear. topeka, kansas, is not the deep south. but kansas maintained a segregated school system. linda brown was bussed and i use this word intentionally, i use it for dramatic effect. she was based across town to go to a segregated black school even though she lived two blocks away from a white school. we talk about it and maybe rightly so h

the african union has found a winning formula. >> africans solving african problems. we are neighbors. we are africans. >> the islamists still have supporters. here at the mogadishu seaport, drivers are loading their trucks. all of them say life was better under a al shabob, better and more secure as long as she steered clear of politics. >> in those areas, we do not see guns everywhere. if they got rid of the czech boys that still money from us, we would support the government. >> the african union knows it needs more than military victories. the gun has become a way of life. the patchwork of private militias need to be integrated into a unified national force that will defend the security of the population and not just the interests of the klan. bbc news in mogadishu. >> still to come on tonight's program, 40 years after surviving the killings of the munich olympics, one athlete is proving he can still set the pace. it is a common nightmare for parents, and realizing you have arrived home the one of your children has been left behind. that is what happened to the br

. >> but for the african and any instrument that create a rhythm or a sound will become an instrument. (speaking spanish) (applause). >> (speaking spanish). >> these are the spanish influences. >> (speaking spanish). >> they adapted to the style of this type of music (applause). >> (speaking spanish). >> these are just simple spoons, kitchen spoons. (applause). >> (speaking spanish). >> and here we have our principle instrument. >> (speaking spanish). >> the name of this instrument is called cajon. >> (speaking spanish). >> in certain places in africa this instrumentality existed. >> (speaking spanish). >> and the percussionist will play with their hands and their feet. >> (speaking spanish). >> with the african slave trade he used to be in the ports. this type of boxes. >> (speaking spanish). >> so they were sit over these big boxes and play over them. >> (speaking spanish). >> but for the blacks these type of instruments were not allowed to be played because they were too loud and for the church they will provoke movement that was not appropriate. >> (speaking spanish). >> they coul

israel begins implementing its plan to expel more than fifty thousand african refugees as what's seen as a racist policy deepens in the self-styled ways of democracy. and convenience costs year confidentiality today's june the sun show one r.t. is worrying evidence of burns prying into your privacy online. from moscow you're watching r t the syrian rebels increasingly coordinated attacks on the government forces and i study led governments every response is being closely watched by the united nations secretary-general ban ki-moon personally voiced his concern as u.n. observers reported intensified rebel activity. has the latest now from within syria . the opposition activists have been accusing the syrian army of shell in the residential areas in the town and something the government denies since the beginning of the uprising here in syria last march they've been insisting on shelling on targeting only the places where terrorists and militant groups are based and we've also been receiving video from homestead shows explosions and shellings you can see and hear them but again it's very

is african-americans. you can't exclude them. you can't simply try to preserve the union, pretend that blacks are not around. from the beginning blacks are accepted as sailors on integrated ships. why are they accepted as sailors, not as soldiers? one, the navy is not -- is outside of the public gaze. it's not considered that significant. it's one thing for blacks to serve as sailors on integrated ships. it's another thing to put guns in the hands of black soldiers, which are in the front of public view and tell them to go shoot whites. secondly, blacks as sailors have a long tradition in american history of essentially being masters of the waterways. they understood the rivers, the ocean. they were more comfortable with ships than most whites. the most integrated communities in the united states from the revolution of the civil war were onboard ship. and everyone understood that. and, further, if you want to try to segregate the ship, that's lunacy. it's too small. when blacks are eventually allowed to serve as soldiers in the n

who had endorsed me in an effort to confuse the african-american vote. mr. chairman, this is not freedom of speech. this is deceptive practices that have no place in our election system. we know elections are tough, rough businesses, but there needs to be limits and it's important for congress to point out. i want to bring to your attention deceptive practice that have happened since 2008. since the last hearing. in 2008, ohio residents reported receiving misleading automated calls giving voters incorrect information about their location of their polling place. in the same year, flyers were distributed predominantly in african-american neighborhoods in philadelphia falsely warning that people with outstanding warrants or unpaid parking tickets could be arrested if they showed up at polls on election day. in the same year, messages were sent to users of social media website facebook falsely stating the election had been postponed a day. students at some universities including florida state university received text messages, also saying the election had be

it's called being african-american. and targeted to african-americans are most in need.ot need necessarily. -- not mean necessarily but african-americans who are in need to you take the tens and 51 but why is it that people can look at jamie dimon, who i guarantee you does not own 10% of jpmorgan chase, and nobody will ever question whether jamie dimon is in charge of that bank. why is it that an african-american who wants to start a business, let's say the business cost $100,000, he has 10. he doesn't have 51,000 which would give him 51. $10,000 for an african-american walking around with $10,000 in their pocket? is a lot of money for an african-american. keep in mind, there in the same situation economically i talked about. so why does he have to have 51? why can't he just have 10, and they said a minority qualified this is because he's in control, because he raised $10,000, and get whatever government says. why does it have to be pushed to 51? the fact of the 51 is people feel that minorities would be use, some like i, give me $10,000, and then say i'm in charge of 51

once the african trade ends, the domestic trade picks up dramatically.ons of american slaves will move west. some of them will be brought by their masters. that is, somebody in virginia is moving to alabama. he takes his slaves with him. often, though, somebody in virginia will simply say i have excess slaves, i will sell those slaves to a slave trader. the slave trader will then transport the slaves to alabama, to mississippi, to texas, to arkansas, to louisiana. the heart of the southwestern cotton boom. >> and the children of those slaves, are they themselves -- become slaves as children born into slavery. >> right. >> so the numbers increase. >> the numbers increase. and america has a very large slave population that reproduces rather rapidly. this is due to a combination of many things, one of which is simply climate. the american climate is healthier, say, than brazil or the caribbean. the food supply is better. the work while horrendous is not lethal the way sugar planting is. so the american slave population grows from a couple of million after t

yet 5% to 7% of african-americans are loyal republicans today. in the antebellum period, there were roughly 1,200 black masters, blacks who owned slaves. all of them were light skinned blacks, whose father had been their master. and until the 1830s, southern states allowed masters in their will to bequeath to their sons, not only freedom, but in land and money. so if you're a slave and your dad dies and suddenly you get your freedom and you get 100 or 500 acres and some money, then you have a dream of rising up, you do what you know. and most of almost all of the black masters were in the communities that most closely resembled the caribbean, in which free blacks often align with the masters to gain greater rights in the hopes of equality. in louisiana, nachez, and charleston. the different context, why did some jews fight for the nazis? there are two books, statistically insignificant. because they want to survive. why did some slaves reveal an insurrectionary plot? they wanted to survive. they wanted their freedom. that's why. "harper's weekly.

another african-american gentleman was one of the duponts chief horse trainers. so, they, they did not segregate when it came to jobs and getting the best man for the job. as we leave this space, and go over to the other side of the building, we have to remember that we have the freedom to do that today. but from the 1880s, until the 1960s, sep arate but equal was the way it was, the law in the imagine leaving this room and not being able to enter the next room. so as you can see this waiting room, the white waiting room is twice as large as the colored waiting room. has more space. bigger stove. windows that look out on the tracks. nice view. and an actual door to access the station master's office. one of the interesting things about the montpellier train depot is the fact that the waiting rooms are segregated. but the thing that traveled most frequently on the trains, across america, was not passengers, or freight, it was mail. the u.s. mail ran, you know, was delivered by train. and, train stations became post offices. almost universally. so because the post

every time i see another african-american switch parties, to call them as well. because we need more running for office. there needs to be a choice in the black community. >> right. >> if you have no choice, then you can't be independent. so we need an independent voting electorate that is giving both parties, a republican and democratic option. and we need to run more african-americans in black communities. >> and i would also like to say that the u.s. black chamber is a bipartisan organization. so we do have members of both parties. and we feel that both parties should work together to protect interests and values. >> they're known as the obama chamber of commerce. i don't know see where the bipartisan -- >> wait, wait, hold it now. let's not go there. >> i got to call that out. >> norris mcdonald -- >> but we're sitting here at the forum. so we have relationships on both sides. we have relationships on both sides. >> congressman west. congressman west calls me, i come. >> both sides. >> norris mcdonald, african-american association, question, blacks do not own

sudanese dissident sudanese to sit down and even stronger words inciting racial hatred against african migrants. point minister benjamin netanyahu has boasted loud that israel is the only democracy in the middle east and yet it's his own politicians who calling for verse that vehicle we need to expel the infiltrators from the lands of israel and we shouldn't be afraid to use that word many of the so-called infiltrators have already been expelled once fleeing poverty violence of authoritarian rule some sixty thousand of them have crossed illegally into israel through the relatively poorest dysart border with egypt israel is warn of an impending demographic and economic crisis in the future these are people who experienced severe trauma in their native land in therefore they saw their villages burned down they were trees who were slaves of a dictatorial regime somewhere in torture camps in sinai and then a new struggle starts for them. israeli say most come seeking work rather than refuge and when it comes to growing crime figures the newcomers make convenient scapegoats but the governme