an african operation cast lead african union is trying to find money. where when it isn't that cool helmets operation it is paid by you and say in fact the money is going into the pocket of this country well providing troops and so they can change the all new endeavor was ticketed sector reform pay and are delighted to announce its full thrust involves the inspection committee and the fbi has said that the role of promises not to stay with me. infosys talking was released on the one with blue with the two notches ago in india and the money in the now where was the dd to do the files that you are getting huge event with the tutu for scrutiny of decreasing so far she's not going to do that for about and so did the of empowering the region or the army's to do the job itself is not only a very good thing itself. at training every talking about i wasn't talking about equipment to detect that this is the monthly fee to apples i'm getting it back with this off to a technical plates to do and things we are saying he added that he truly does the beach with lower

african security forces.ronnie kasrils is with us for the hour in johannesburg, leaving a tripartite activist -- ,eading anti-apartheid activist was a top military official under president nelson mandela. stay with us. ♪ [music break] >> this is democracy now!, democracynow.org, the war and peace report. i'm amy goodman with juan gonzalez. our guest for the hour is ronnie kasrils, former top military official under president mandela , was in the anc executive committee for 20 years and also served as the minister of intelligence under president and becky. i want to turn back to a rare televised interview with nelson mandela and he was already in hiding. it was in 1961. >> we have made it very clear in our policy that south africa is a country of many races. >> that was nelson mandela in hiding in 1961. ronnie kasrils, can you talk about the conditions on the ground, why nelson mandela and so many others got involved in the underground to fight apartheid, and as you mentioned his arrest, the role of the united

let's celebrate the fact that i am of european descent and that she is african of african descent. the finals of the rugby world cup. [cheers and applause] and massivelyrged symbolic moment. rugby was then and some might say still is the bastion of white exclusivity. but putting on the jersey and celebrating their triumph, mandela delivered a clear is only onehere south africa and it is shared by all its people. for white south africans, it was a seminal moment. rugbyrs later, another international, and supporters in a cape town bar sing the national anthem. in one of the 11 official languages of south africa. most of the team is still white, and most of its supporters, too. but things are changing. that is the number one priority. coach, no one would have -- a black coach, no one would have thought there would have been a black coach, but there is one today. africa is pinning its hopes on a new generation that has never experienced apartheid. today's schools are the seed beds of future equal opportunity for all. the reality is more complicated. depending on the area, the yougraphi

two of them african force. and intervene in the enmity with the bill to raise issue of costs of the mighty and authorities. it's only because interest groups decided to cheat the twist of the map called the politics of them but the ones that would of taken by my cool and would have been sifted them for the tourism but that's only four bucks but the non stick is no in the car. this improves the camera to make the still calm the gift we can say for smoking pot the rule that eats its troops to pull them and one of the main aspects of the semi no interest is to find the ways for the fb can t be able to react when they need to restore security in one of the countries of africa human rights watch in a statement this friday said to be deployed in the french interventionist and proper poker would like to see other countries but state most notably they'd like to see a stop to present on the part of united states to do so whoa that via the link it's states has helped us. dalton is hoping that the death become a force in

in through speeches both white and black south african s mourned around the country together. >> there is nothing that we can do more for this country. i just want to say thank you to him. >> reporter: mandela's vision of today's rainbow nation was formed when he was an activist in the think of south africa's apartheid rule. his multi cultural embrace was evidence with his friendship circle as world leaders paid thanks some using his clan name, madiba. >> like the south africans who mourn madiba with their chants, we proudly carry african blood in our veins. >> we stand proud of you, madiba, bringing venues of freedom, solidarity, equality, sacrifice, and human dignity. >> reporter: for all his life he has strived for the liberation of africa nations and championed the dignity of the african people. >> many honored mandela 's crusade for con sol days. >> there are many people who feel-- >> in 1961 after years of stalled peaceful protests and leaders assigned mandela to mobilize a militant branch although not targeting civilians, an estimated 60 people died as a result of guerrilla warf

be nelson mandela family, south african people and the african continent feels stronger today becauseby millions throughout the world. .. the people and their leaders in an effort to halt the forward march, ordinary forms of organizations would be rendered impossible, but the spirit of the people cannot be quenched until victory is won. the cycle became much about life. and the rest has changed. in the 1940s, the long walk to freedom, it became a volunteer in chief during the campaign in the 1950s and became the first commander-in-chief of the amc armed wing in the early 1950s. he paid dearly for his beliefs and actions through imprisonment. in 1962, quote, i was amazed by the law, not because of what i had done but because of what i stood for, because of what my conscience -- arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment during the trial in 1954 and the south african people spoke about him in her tones out of fear. the apartheid government, they would have been delivered from thinking about it. a powerful name nelson mandela lived long, it continues to inspire our people every single d

white south african. watching this man walk out of prison, knowing that he had - he potentially was the puppetmaster to what was to come next for the country. put us on the ground. what was that like? >> i would say it was an amazing moment. but it's a scary moment for a lot of people. >> it's like releasing a terrorist. remember he was classified as a terrorist by the u.s. >> what is he going to do? >> the terrorist is working from prison. i mean, when you talk about the prisoner working out they have some kind of dignity making you scared. that was a different kind of prisoner. somebody who the majority of the county, black and white, when the majority, i'm not just referring to black people. they saw him as a liberator. pockets of society that changed. time to prepare to run away from the country. time to go into the... time to go into the count rip. >> who was this man. the government worked to remove his image, his likeness so you knew nothing about the man. now he is working out of prison. >> you kn

it was a very democratic african way of solving problems. became a chief essentially by listening. it was a key in the way he dealt with problems. he wasn't dictatorial or centralize his decisions and instruct people to do them. he has been described he led from the back, herding cattle. i think it was critical about mandela's leadership. i watched it many times over decades i reported on him was that on the biggest stage, he was a statesman, he had an aristocratic bearing, it was his understanding of how small gestures could have gestures. he made point to single out, next with touching with somebody or looking in the eye. the people who have forgotten often when great powerful men swept by he wasn't just a leader. he was an ordinary man that chose to connect with many. he gave a piece of himself with everyone and tried hard to be a symbol of that. it really is a streaking part of how he led this country. take a look at this story. >> raise your right hand and say, so help me god. >> so help me god. >> when mr. mandela was inaugurated as ou

african forces are more visible on the streets.hey are protecting the african union's special representative to the country. >> just international community and the logistical, the communication, all of that and we are calling all the people of central africa to take their future in their hands. >> the role of african union soldiers will become increasingly efficient here. >>> the only safe way to get around bangui at the moment. no french soldiers on the streets at the moment. there is no rule of law here. muslims are being targeted by christians, and christians are being targeted by muslims. on monday, french soldiers were disarming rebel groups. now they must work out their next strategy. that leaves armed fighters free to roam the streets and angry mobs to take out their revenge. al jazeera, bangui. >>> the southeast asian games head to myanmar for the first time. a home advantage. >>> and why a sea change off the california coast means a feeding frenzy for whales. >> this isn't a new channel, this is a watershed moment in medi

france says it wants, in the longer term, to turn over african policing to african peacekeeping forces. france is involved for some time to come. the goal is to disarm rebel groups, paving the way for elections in 2015. >> many are on the streets in ukraine as protests continue. thousands occupy independence square. the protests from sparked by the government not wanting economic ties with europe. protesters fight for ukraine's financial future, china a bringing in the cash. a billion man is spending billions to boost a port to boost trade between ukraine and china. >> sevastopol has been the home of russia's black sea fleet since the time of catherine the great. the ukrainian president viktor yanukovych gave the kremlin an extension to the lease on their base until 2042, soon after his election, but got little in return. beijing's money looks set to transform the prospects of the city. the chinese investment will provide a life line for the battered ukraine can economy. $3 billion is being provided to bolster sevastopol's ports. twice that will be used to update crimean. >> trade betw

france has lost a major african intervention. this time sending troops to the central african republic where violence has already taken the lives of at least three hundred people. france's president says the operation will be limited. cctv skate park and since reports from the capital times. living in maine next to the airport in the central african country capital crime team. keeping the protection of things to look into extinction that from the dumping its treat them that in the ca are pending in the twelve hundred strong force. just now was tough to win a new land backing for the nation. that topic. to protect the baby and restore humanitarian access and stabilize the country i would be reinforced today and tonight my mission would be too much tomato plants inside but they ended up starting side the countryside to two of its offshore presence. i have a lot of weapon not a huge force. so i go between. stop pretending to biden's getting bombed. friendships that we should be patrolling the capital st at the end he was calm on fri

i asked him what it was that the african really wanted. >> the africans will triumph -- fragiles on theis of one man, one vote, and one political vote. >> do you see africans being able to develop in this country without the europeans pushed out on? >> we have made it very clear in our policy that south africa is a country of many races. there is room for all races in this country. my mother and my grandmother are very old fashioned. i think we both are clean freaks. i used to scrub the floor on my knees. [ daughter ] i've mastered the art of foot cleaning. oh, boy. oh, boy. oh, boy. [ carmel ] that drives me nuts. it gives me anxiety just thinking about how crazy they get. [ doorbell rings ] [ daughter ] oh, wow. [ carmel ] swiffer wetjet. you guys should try this. it's so easy. oh, my. [ gasps ] i just washed this floor. if i didn't see it i wouldn't believe it. [ carmel ] it did my heart good to see you cleaning. [ regina ] yeah, your generation has all the good stuff. [ daughter ] oh, yeah. >>> you see, i wasn't born into a political family. i was not active in student government in

i admit black south africans who don't speak kindly or well of white south africans, and i met white south africans that did the same thing. there are big issues. one major problem is they need to work harder to see themselves as one people. nelson mandela seemingly managed to do that. in the next few days you'll see people rallying together, saying they are proudly south african. the outpouring of love will be amazing. it's an speptional time. this is history. few people will be able to wake up and say, "i was there. i saw the emotions, joy, celebrations. it's a lot of work that needs to be done. people here are trying to unit as one country. >> a man who made death in his death and lift. thank you for that harry matarsa in sue wetto. people throughout south africa marking the death of nelson mandela, also get responses coming from from all over the world. the dalai lama calling him a great leader, the world lost a great leader and bank ban ki moon, all the reactions from around the world. here in south africa the country where he was recorded as the father of the nation, a deep abi

and then the first african-american president facing the first african president, black african president and what an extraordinary convergence. i think sitting there to get a double portion of the spirit to use a biblical term of nelson mandela. >> dr. frasier, can the first african-american president meet the expectations of africans? >> i think it was pretty tough. they felt that their son was now in -- in power, in the most powerful country in the world. i often told africans that -- you remember, he's america's president. he's going to carry out america's interests. those interests are mutual with concerns and issues and challenges that are in africa. he's got to be america's president first. they still have tremendous warmth for him and expectation of him. but there was a disappointment during a first term since he came to africa, to began a-- ghana, sub-saharan africa. it was a trip with real initiative. he went to senegal, south africa, and tanzania. so i think that africa still is embracing president obama as you saw with the reaction of the crowd. they are still looking for him

we have been seeing a lot of them with south african flags. wearing the south african colors. all of them joyous and celebratory as they gather to remember nelson mandela. anderson? >> it is a scene of excitement. people really coming -- it's difficult transportation as christiane said. it's difficult even in the best of times. a lot of people do not have access to a vehicle their own. getting here is a real effort especially in the rain. >> they are coming from all over. >> i think also another reason for these empty seats and the fact this probably is going to start a whole lot much later, is because the accreditation process. they were quite insistent that not only journalists but visit ing were credited. they tried to police it so not that just anybody could come in here. that's been problematic. a lot of their -- a lot of people haven't had accreditation yet. that's held things up. it's a celebration of this remarkable man. >> there's not a lot of props. sometimes we like to show a few props, but i think this will be a collector's item. i don't know whether you can see it

offer to south africa where all south africans. i get. south africans together this friday to mourn the loss of a man who changed the nation and inspired generations. nelson mandela has died after a long battle with the recurring not long in the us at the age of ninety five. thank you so much for joining us for fools think i'm only home this friday people around the world are paying their respects to nelson mandela the ninety five year old died thursday evening at his home in johannesburg was battling a reoccurring a long illness. mandela had been receiving intensive care at his home in this friday everyone from heads of state to people on the street are remembering mandela was both inspirational and controversial. kyle brown takes a look back now the life of the us mandela when the former trend state eritrean july eighteen nineteen eighteen. nelson mandela was meant to become a tribal chief. just like his father. instead he became an aliya in the first thought legal practice in johannesburg. he joined the african national congress korean

leaders from 40 african nations are meeting to discuss military intervention in the central african republictake you live to the french capital. jackie roleland is with us. the death of nelson mandela has somewhat overshadowed the rather urgent business that needs to be done there. >> it has indeed, although in some ways it is quite apt that someone who worked so tirelessly for peace and reconcion should overshadow a meeting which is devoted to promoting peace and security in africa. and indeed the opening session of the summit began with a moment of silence in respect for nelson mandela, and during which huge photographs of the leader were broadcast on screens behind the speakers on the podium. now about an hour before the summit began, i had the opportunity speak to someone who knew him personally, his minister of health under him when he was in government, and currently she is the chairperson of the african union commission. and she shared some personal memories. >> he said to me, i want you to be minister of health. and i said oh, i thought i was going to stay in the province because my

. >> he was sheltered from the searing racism that many other black south africans would have grown upith. >> reporter: in 1941 in order to avoid an arranged marriage, the 22-year-old mandela runs away to johannesburg. >> johannesburg was the bright lights. johannesburg was the golden city. >> reporter: but johannesburg in the 1940s isn't albright lights and big opportunities. particularly for a young black man. >> here was this strapping young man who had been part of this royal village who felt this high sense of self-esteem, and he was treated like dirt, like all of the other africans were. >> reporter: here in johannesburg under the harsh realities of racism, mandela meets a man who will change his life forever. >> he walked into walter's office. he was a real estate agent. and mandela was astonished. he realized there was another life that was available. >> reporter: he was also an active member of the african national congress. started in 1912, the anc was created to peacefully advocate for political rights for south africa's blacks. mandela sees the future of the organization. >

support of the institutions of african-americans.frican-americans have 2rib9 greatly to the prosperity of san francisco. as such inspections of african-americans should be supported. as promises have been mate utilizing public dollars on behalf of community to build the fillmore district where it's been documented it african-americans were treated unjustly we ask the city to insure with the jazz heritage center will be kept in piss it's location or if moved it should be moved to a more viable location. it's a place for all san francisco and rossly and others and i signed the early one, too. i'm asking you not sell out the jazz heritage center >> (calling names). >> interviewed one second i continue to see members of the public coming up with condominium cards i'll ask mop who wants to speak i'd like to close the line to whichever cards you have we are going to stop there. >> i'm with the st. john orthodox church on fillmore street. i'll open up and say that jazz can change the thinking of the people. and i don't know maybe we're not

> that's -- she's head of the african union. >> we don't have time.ou and i are both over. >> that's right. >> okay. >> she is head of the african union, the first woman, and as you know, she was once deputy of the country, and she was a long time ago married to president zuma. i have never seen any kind of discord between them. and there has been some speculation that she might be president of this country one day, but of course that's speculation. i guess i shouldn't be speculating. but -- there is one of south africa's billionaires. >> that's news in itself, a development over the last few years. joining us, we have already heard from lester holt at the stadium, and the intrepid andrea mitchell up at 4:00 a.m. and on duty in our washington bureau, and by request because andrea's time as a correspondent has overlapped the presidents from the modern american era who all had nelson mandela in common, talking to jimmy carter here yesterday, and having talked to bill clinton last week, you realize that mandela had all of these separate and deep friendsh

for black africans. and it's something that people really wrestle with. and the notion of south africa as a country as rather than shaking off the bonds of colonialism really had had had the white minority pressed down on the 85% majority of the country. and keep them suppressed through sheer naked force and brutality. and it was an issue that was a sticking point outside of south africa obviously around the world. so we grew up with this orientation of south africa being personal on us and really talking about it even with my dad as kids and understanding this was a freedom struggle. it was a revolutionary struggle. and nelson mandela as other people have said was seen as almost too accommodating when he came out. but he did allow that country to reconcile. there was no other person that could have brought it together the way he did. >> the news coming just over an hour ago that nelson mandela has died at the age of 95. and just within the last half hour, president obama came out and talked about this w

>> for a long time, south africans have always known that mandela was very ill. he was 95 years old. we had been told by families, by members of the presidency and government that he was stable but critical. we knew that he was frail. a lot of people have been expecting this news as long as nelson mandela had been released from prison but now that it has it is after midnight right now. a lot of people will not have heard what has happened. we're likely to see people bit of openery space everywhere in south africa. they will be mourning their hero, their father. that he we we called him in south africa. father to the nation. he is not a saint but he has been good for the reconciliation process of south africa. >> james, i will be with you in a second but i do want to bring ofwers to this view president obama. here is what he had to say. nelsonis trial in 1964, mandela close to statement from the dock saying i have fought against white domination and i have fought against black domination. i have cherished the ideals of a democratic and free society in which all pe

proposing the creation of a special african rapid reaction force. the headline scare off all thank you for joining us. first preparations are underway in south africa this saturday most world leaders will pay their respects to nelson mandela. us president barack obama and other heads of state will attend a memorial service that to be held on tuesday in johannesburg. well mandela's body will then lie in state to pretoria for three days before he receives a state burial of december fifteen hits in his home in his boyhood home of can you the country has begun ten days of national mourning for the anti apartheid icon since mandela's death on thursday evening. people gathering outside his home in johannesburg. chile supply has more. there's a good night with m nelson mandela hundreds of south africans danced and sung for their hero until the early hours of time the same. sixteen eighty nine. and outside the chief minister home with a former president died flowers and messages are piling up. many visited the site crying smiling writing and reading message

it wants to turn over african policing to african police-keeping forces. d in the two countries forbe some time to come. >> china irritated some nations and the u.s. south korea responded by making their own zone. a large part of it overlambs the japan zone and south korea has an air defense zone. its boundary is being moved, including islands and submerged reefs, one disputed by china. the latest from south korea and china. rob mcbride is in budget, and harry fawcett is in seoul. is this a tit for tat move? why have they done this? >> well, certainly it's a very direct response to what china did on november the 23rd by extending their zone into the east china sea. a lot of the attention on that surrounded the islands claimed by japan and china. the e.u. in china. as well as that, it did enroach on the existing south korean air defense zone and south korea has wanted to extend its own zone to cover two of its islands that were not included when the original zone was drawn up in 1951 by the americans, and there's a submerged reef and that falls under the ne

he made it rather easy for them to alert the south africans where to find him.ioned i thought it was particularly interesting to in 1986, because at that point it is just when the sanctions were being introduced, voted through by the congress over president reagan's veto. in thead noticed sanctions legislation it said there should be no contact or official contact with the south african military, so on, and so forth, except when intelligence required they did have to have contact. it was ongoing, this unholy relationship, which has led to mandela being arrested and locked up for all those years. it continued on through the 1960s, through the 1970s, through the 1980s. it flourished. for example, the nsa routinely handing over intercepts of the anc to south african secret police. >> this is the national security agency that is the subject of so much global controversy right now. the nsa gathering this intelligence to give to the apartheid regime. >> that's right. it was absolutely routine. maybe they would have done it anyway, but it was certainly the cold war con

. >>> a frenzy of hate in central african republic. angry mobs attack modification in the capital. >>> the southeast asian games heads to myanmar for the first time in 40 years. we'll have a live report ahead of the opening ceremony. >>> riot police in ukraine have stormed kiev's city hall in an attempt to force out protestors camped outside. earlier they fought with protestors as they tried to clear out acamp of the square. after viktor yanukovych refused to sign an agreement with eu for trade agreement. tim friend joins me from kiev. >>> it's a fluid situation and within the last half hour or so the riot police have pulled right back. they've retreated. there's not a van in sight. one of their advance have moved into the square earlier. and you can't really see any evidence of the riot police themselves. and just beneath us here, the protestors have started at least to try to build new barricades. so -- and a number of people in the skill in independence square is actually more than we witne witnessed on tuesday. here's my colleague,

and there were the dutch, the africaners the english played cricket. you are beautiful, you are part of us, he owed nobody reconciliation, and he said against the wishes ofize hundred people, and bunch of africaners that weren't interesting in wearing that jersey. he said i am everybody's president. >> and your family connection, and your families president. >> my family goes back to 1900 in south africa, and gandhi and nelson mandela, and the antiapartheid struggle. i can't decide if this is one of the saddest days i have ever covered or one of the happiest. >> what are your thoughts about the future of the country. >> there are huge brocks. >> problems in every country. >> there are huge problem as lot of disparity between the rich and the poor. but it's got hope. right there in the streets of johannesburg. it has major major struggles. it remains the economic engine of africa. except when you are that badly off, when you have 60% unemployment, some people still don't have lights their path is much longer than ours will be. but i remain -- i have bee

the central african republic. off. on his way home from the tributes and nelson mandela tuesday the french president made an unexpected stop though was that a week. the un mandated friends to deploy to the central african republic houseboat on visiting french forces in funky paying respects to two soldiers killed in an exchange of fire it's the second time in less than the year that france has sent troops to former african colonies. already the defence minister in paris morning it's the salt of the commission will be more difficult and dangerous and wanted mommy. in a prepared statement attacks. asked if france was the only option restoring order and see why this time its words are chronically unstable slopes of the muslim traders are pitted against christian in the midst of farmers were militiamen in neighboring sudan and chad and a further layer of uncertainty. today austin gets a date with ap france to the rescue. joining us from donkey for an update our correspondent alex turnbull in the studio. he was soft i think

keepers, not just african peace keepers, should be on the ground in central african republic.what would it take for the u.n. to get involved at this juncture? >> certainly there are people and people here at u.n. headquarters who think that would be the best thing. it's still under review. the existing secure council resolution said they'll keep it under reason and keep planning for that. the second stage, general secretary ban ki-moon is oh supposed to write a report after 30 days. i suspect he'll submit that report early because he's concerned about the situation on the ground. what the u.n. bring is a logistical backing, a logistical backbone for these missions because african nations have no problem on the whole finding peace keepers. what they lack are the equipment to back up peace keepers things like trucks and helicopters to move peace keepers around the place like central african republic. >> james bays, thank you. >>> another heavy storm is causing misery for refugees in lebanon. many families and children are living in filmcy shelters and not vegetablesterred for he

france has lost a major african intervention. this time sending troops to the central african republic where violence has already taken the lives of at least three hundred people. france's president says the operation will be limited. cctv skatepark recent reports from the capital. bindi. anyway next to the airport in the central african republic capital crime team. the theme for protection things to look into extinction that. from the dumping extreme damage than the non offending you need twelve hundred strong force. just now was tough to win a new land backing to the nation. that park to protect civilians are still humanitarian access and stabilize the country i would be reinforced today and tonight my mission would be too much tomato plants inside of you am i starting side the countryside to twolt or pf the weapon out of your shoe also i hope that we are we do with the buttons getting bombed. when she was to be patrolling the capital st at the end he was calm on friday but many footy still issuing the street. that is to remind

. >> he was also an active member of the african national congress. started in 1912, the anc was created to advocate for political rights for south africa's blacks. in the young mandela, he sees the future of the organization. >> he said we wanted to be a mass organization and we needed a mass leader. then one day nelson mandela walked into my office and he realized that's the guy. >> he becomes mandela's men for and encouraging him to earn a law degree. he also introduce s mandela to his young cousin, evalyn. they marry in 1946 and welcome a child that same year. their family grew to add another son and another daughter. racism and segregation had existed in south africa for as long as there had been white settlers. the majority of whom were descendants of the dutch. in 1948, the africaner led national party sweeps into power and codifies apartheid policies into law. >> they were trying to achieve this ethnic fragmentation of the country to give the nation its even homeland. >> the anc seeks to counter the new government. in 1952, the anc embarks on

i asked him what it was that the african really wanted. >> the africans require and want the franchise on the basis of one man, one vote, they want political independence. >> do you see africans being able to develop in this country without the europeans being pushed out? >> we have made it very clear in our policy, that south africa is a country of many generations. there is room for all in this country. ♪ i want to spread a little love this year ♪ [ male announcer ] this december, experience the gift of unsurpassed craftsmanship at the lexus december to remember sales event. some of the best offers of the year. this is the pursuit of perfection. >>> you see, i wasn't born into a political family. i was not active in student government in high school. but when i was in college, there was one issue that moved me for the very first time in my life to become politically active and play a small leadership role in my community. this issue was apartheid. and as a young college student, i became involved in the divestment movement in the united states. i remember meeting with a group of anc

african-americans led a boycott called the quiet riot. >> at the time many people in the african american community were so disgusted they said they were ashamed of their city. a total of six leaders rebuffed nelson mandela during the freedom tour in the united states in 1990. we would have loved to have spoken to the leaders 20 years later. they didn't speak to us. we spoke to a prominent african american leader and the man who put an end to the nonsense in his city. he told me that that year, the city of miami gave the keys of the city to robo cop, but refused to gave the keys to the city to a man who become one of the most transformant figures in history. >> when i became mayor the whole thing seemed - that they removed to issue a proclamation which they gave to the corner bartender if he opened a new store. >> but six mayors and the governor denounced him after he thanked castro, yasser arafat, and libyan president muammar gaddafi. during the dark days of apartheid. those governments enabled assistance, specifically muammar gaddafi's. nelson mandela said, "your enemy is not necessaril

in 1923, the african national congress was formed.d by the influence of a young nelson mandela, among others, and formed an armed wing called the spear of the nation. >> do you see africans being able to develop in this country without being pushed out? >> we have made it very clear in our policy that south africa is a country of many races. there is room for all the various races. >> in 1963, mandela was charged with sabotage and conspiracy and sentenced to life imprisonment on robben island. it would take another 27 years of silence and injustice before the inevitable would happen. >> do you believe in apartheid? >> i believe, according to god's will, that the white race should be preserved. >> with south africa's white minority under international sanctions, internal political pressure and the decline of the communist threat, mandela was released from prison in 1990. in '94, he was elected president of the new, free south africa. ♪ there have been very few figures in the entire history of the world as revered or as important as nel

there was resistance from the africans all the way through. there were others on the other side that didn't believe in the reconciliation. it was only the serenity and the level headed leadership of nelson mandela and others that was able to bring balance and bring us to a very dangerous period globally because it was a global movement. >> there are very rare figures in history who are graced with a spiritual genius. mandela, ghandi and king are the three that come to mind, that are able it seems to, almost as moses parted the waters, through their leadership, through their grace, to bring nonviolence out of the storm clouds of violence and hate and rage. >> and yet they're the victims of violence, hate and rage. so the lessons that we learned from them should be very important as our daily lives as we struggle for peace and justice. spending 27 years in prison, unbelievable. how many people could come out of prison not bitter orangery. how many of us could make peace with our enemies? how many of us could lead a country out of an era of apart

white south africans on average earn six times more than the average black south africans. there is a huge racial component to all of this. psychologically there are huge racial divisions. economically, a lot of the economic assets remain in white hands. recently in the last few years, that has increasingly become a big talking point in a lot of political circles. there are a lot of poor black south africans who remain unemployed, who may not feel they have benefited from the end of apartheid. >> we are bringing in ian bremer, the founder of the euro asian group. he is on the phone. what role did nelson mandela play on the world stage? >> it was unique. you look around the world today, and absent of the kind leaders and al statesmen that mandela represented. if people like gorbachev, yu and others in singapore. but he did not just capture the imagination of the country and the continent, but of the entire world in thinking about prospects of hope. there are people who have things like that on all sides of the political spectrum. but none really walked and talked the way tha

and many south africans haven't heard the news yet. but a few hundred of those who have came down here to nelson mande mandela's home. immediately they have gathered around us. they are singing songs from the anti-apartheid struggle. singing in all 12 languages, multi-cultural, multi-racial celebration of the rainbow nation. and one of the fascinating observations here is how young people are. like south africa itself, this crowd is young. the people here in the main have no memory of apartheid. but such is the legacy of nelson mandela, that he means almost as much to the youngsters as to the people who lived through apartheid. four hours ago president zuma broke the news to the nation and broke the hearts of millions of south africans. although this news was entirely predictable. a 95-year-old man with a serious respiratory illness who has been in hospital and receiving high intensive care at home for six months, you know, it was predictable that he would at some point pass away, but nevertheless, it was still incredibly painful. perh

not allowed to fly the colors of the african national congress.ut when we saw what was happening out in places like washington, d.c. and london, and heard that people like stevie wonder was being arrested outside the embassy and great companies like kodak were disinvesting from south africa and banks were placed under pressure, it gave us the courage to face whatever odds the state of emergency would give us. because then we knew that we were going to be free, that when it was a matter for debate in the congress of the united states, when every day, day in and day out in london and in washington the great capitals of the world, people were giving themselves up for arrest, we then knew that it was a matter of time. >> right. >> and lastly, when this movement got president reagan to change his mind, then the last bastion of support for apartheid south africa fell. and that was the decisive moment. >> as the ambassador speaks about the fight for freedom, and you, congresswoman, i was just thinking about your interview, wolf, with dr. bernice king. ne

little sort of is really the true kind of schools these white south africans our. are in the minority the majority really credit mandela with bringing the country back from the brink of civil war regardless of the color of the skin the race the creed their religion south africans regard mandela as the hero of the struggle against apartheid and see him as one of the greatest signs this country has ever given birth to. now after the break our british terrorist cells being recruited from within prison cells look at this in a couple of minutes. doesn't . mission to teach me. why you should care only. the fine. and the rest. of. the british government has drawn up measures to stifle the spread of extremism the brutal murder. in london the plan includes blocking jihadist material on the web and cracking down on high preaching but as aussies lower smith reports the country's jails are also becoming a breeding ground for radicalism. wormwood scrubs prison in west london temporary or longer term home to around fourteen hundred male prisoners apart from the inevitable gang a

as the african continent who led by the african union, we will continue working to foresee its desireeaceful, and. [indiscernible] world. tomorrow our people will accompany the team of on his last journey to this seat of government where it his body will lie in state for three days i have the honor today to announce that the union where he was inaugurated as president in 1994 and where his body will lie in state will, with effect, come today because, ben nelson mandela and the theater. [applause] this is a fitting tribute to a man who transformed the union prison from a symbol of racism and repression to one of peace, unity, democracy, and progress. compatriots, comrades, france, we extend yet again our deepest condolences. and the children, the children, the grandchildren, the great-grandchildren and and the entire extended family. [speaking in native tongue] our father has run a good race. declared in his own words in 1994, he said, and i will, that is something inevitable. when the man has done what is considered to be his duty to is people in this country he can rest in peace. i b

african troops there. sometimes an ambiguous role not to be a funnel for an honest we saw that the sa seconds left. with their tail between their legs from the soft peaks. it seems as though their mission prop opposes it was linked to oil interests also recalls has its fun to see it itself is a great protector of the content that to me there is no such thing as africa it's an abuse planet central to this cool restaurant in countries all over the continent. bids from cameroon to ethiopia to africa's nigeria to algeria these countries have all sorts of different problems will still keep it from preoccupations of looking in different directions. and there is no history of successful cooperation between african countries calls and widening of the pockets of west africa's economic cooperation that there is no new consonant wide political economic cooperation him when he said that the european union and we can say many things europe is much more for embassies in africa has ever been. so we should go to africa if

little sort of is really a true congeals these white south africans our. are in the minority the majority may be credits mandela with putting the country back from the brink of civil war regardless of the color of the skin they race the creed they have been made to south africans for god mandela as the hero of the struggle against apartheid and seen him as one of the greatest sons this country has ever given birth to and just a click away for you right now if recent u.s. spy revelations worried enough the new album for america's latest intelligence gathering set a wider should leave you in no doubt judge for yourself the message the sinister octopus house on our t.v. dot com. plus an issue of national security or an attempt to mask its failures japan introduces new state secrecy laws all the details online. right from the street. first street. and i think that you're. on our reporters with the. instrument. to be in the polls. washington so-called peace process to resolve the israel palestine conflict has produced little if any results in fact the palestini

the anc makes a fateful decision about what to do with mandela. >> when the african national congress decided that he should now leave his family and continue to work underground in south africa, no more of the law practice. he is now an outlaw. >> reporter: up next, the anc is banned. its leadership is in exile, or like mandela, operating underground. and a new phase of the struggle is about to begin. >> nelson mandela was the number one terrorist in the world in those days. [ male announcer ] alka-seltzer plus presents the cold truth. [ sniffles, coughs ] shhhh! shhhh. [ coughs ] i have a cold with this annoying runny nose. [ sniffles ] i better take something. [ male announcer ] truth is, dayquil cold and flu doesn't treat all that. it doesn't? [ male announcer ] nope. [ sniffles ] alka-seltzer plus fights your worst cold symptoms plus has a fast acting antihistamine to relieve your runny nose. oh, what a relief it is! [ man ] shhhh! for fast cold and flu relief, day or night, try alka-seltzer plus day and night liquid gels. if every u.s. home replaced one light bulb with a compact

, black south africans. you were able to go to south africa and witness this with your own eyes, this country that had been fractured for so long by apartheid and it was coming undone as this first black south off -- south african was coming president. can you speak a little bit about how someone who could have endured 27 years as a political prisoner could emerge and not be bitter, be someone generous of spirit and be someone who brought both black and white south africans together which we see right now? >> one of the things i'll say about that, he was a man who took the long view, spent a long time in jail. we once heard him speak to that in his book the long walk. he spooks about it at some length, that he was not favor -- he speaks about it at some length that he was not favoring on the belief, that ultimately blacks and whites were to live together. i can recall seeing him on tv when he was released from jail and he came out very pleasant. you would not have thought that you were looking at a great man